L01A Alkylating agents

L01AA Nitrogen mustard analogues

:L01AA01

Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other names, is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer ...

:L01AA02

Chlorambucil Chlorambucil, sold under the brand name Leukeran among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Hodgkin lymphoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. For CLL it is a preferred treatment. It is given by mouth ...

:L01AA03

Melphalan Melphalan, sold under the brand name Alkeran among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat multiple myeloma; malignant lymphoma; lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia; childhood neuroblastoma; ovarian cancer; mammary adenocar ...

:L01AA05

Chlormethine Chlormethine (INN, BAN), also known as mechlorethamine (USAN, USP), mustine, HN2, and (in post-Soviet states) embikhin (эмбихин), is a nitrogen mustard sold under the brand name Mustargen among others. It is the prototype of alkylating ...

:L01AA06

Ifosfamide Ifosfamide, sold under the brand name Ifex among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes testicular cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, small cell lung cancer, c ...

:L01AA07 Trofosfamide :L01AA08

Prednimustine Prednimustine, sold under the brand names Mostarina and Sterecyst, is a medication which is used in chemotherapy in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. It is the ester formed from two other drugs, prednisolone and chlorambucil. Rarely, it ...

:L01AA09

Bendamustine Bendamustine, sold under the brand name Treanda among others, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by intravenous, injection into a v ...

:L01AA10

Melphalan flufenamide Melphalan, sold under the brand name Alkeran among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat multiple myeloma; malignant lymphoma; lymphoblastic and myeloblastic leukemia; childhood neuroblastoma; ovarian cancer; mammary adenocarcin ...

L01AB Alkyl sulfonates

:L01AB01

Busulfan Busulfan (Myleran, GlaxoSmithKline, Busulfex IV, Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.) is a chemotherapy drug in use since 1959. It is a cell cycle non-specific alkylating antineoplastic agent, in the class of alkyl sulfonates. Its chemica ...

:L01AB02 Treosulfan :L01AB03 Mannosulfan

L01AC Ethylene imines

:L01AC01

Thiotepa Thiotepa (N,N',N''(-triethylenethiophosphoramide, INN), sold under the brand name Tepadina among others, is an anti-cancer medication. Thiotepa is an organophosphorus compound with the formula (C2H4N)3PS. History Thiotepa and its synthesis ...

:L01AC02

Triaziquone Triaziquone is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is aziridinylbenzoquinone-based, and may have potential antineoplastic activity. It is an alkylating agent. It can react with DNA to form intrastrand crosslinks. It is a member of aziridines as we ...

:L01AC03 Carboquone

L01AD Nitrosoureas

:L01AD01

Carmustine Carmustine, sold under the brand name BiCNU among others, is a medication used mainly for chemotherapy. It is a nitrogen mustard β-chloro- nitrosourea compound used as an alkylating agent. Description Carmustine is an orange-yellow solid medic ...

:L01AD02

Lomustine Lomustine ( INN; abbreviated as CCNU; original brand name CeeNU, now marketed as Gleostine) is an alkylating nitrosourea compound used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to semustine and is in the same family as streptozotocin. It is a hig ...

:L01AD03

Semustine Semustine (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(''trans''-4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea, MeCCNU) is an alkylating nitrosourea compound used in chemotherapy treatment of various types of tumours. Due to its lipophilic property, semustine can cross the blood-b ...

:L01AD04

Streptozocin Streptozotocin or streptozocin (INN, USP) (STZ) is a naturally occurring alkylating antineoplastic agent that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. It is used in medicine for treating certain canc ...

:L01AD05

Fotemustine Fotemustine is a nitrosourea alkylating agent used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer; it develops from the melanin-producing cells known as melanocytes. It typically occurs in the ...

:L01AD06

Nimustine Nimustine () is a nitrosourea alkylating agent Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalent ...

:L01AD07

Ranimustine Ranimustine ( INN, marketed under the tradename Cymerin; also known as MCNU) is a nitrosourea alkylating agent approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia vera. It has never been filed for FDA evaluatio ...

:L01AD08

Uramustine Uramustine (INN) or uracil mustard is a chemotherapy drug which belongs to the class of alkylating agents. It is used in lymphatic malignancies such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It works by damaging DNA, primarily in cancer cells that preferenti ...

L01AG Epoxides

:L01AG01 Etoglucid

L01AX Other alkylating agents

:L01AX01

Mitobronitol Mitobronitol (1,6-dibromo-1,6-dideoxy-D-mannitol) is a brominated analog of mannitol. It is an anticancer drug that is also classified as an alkylating agent Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group ...

:L01AX02

Pipobroman Pipobroman (trade names Vercite, Vercyte) is an anti-cancer drug that probably acts as an alkylating agent Alkylation is a chemical reaction that entails transfer of an alkyl group. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a fre ...

:L01AX03

Temozolomide Temozolomide, sold under the brand name Temodar among others, is an anticancer medication used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency ...

:L01AX04

Dacarbazine Dacarbazine, also known as imidazole carboxamide and sold under the brand name DTIC-Dome, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of melanoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. For Hodgkin's lymphoma, it is often used together with vinblastine ...

L01B Antimetabolites

L01BA Folic acid analogues

:L01BA01

Methotrexate Methotrexate, formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immunosuppressive drug, immune-system suppressant. It is used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, and ectopic pregnancy, ectopic pregnancies. Types of cancers it is u ...

:L01BA03

Raltitrexed Raltitrexed (Thaltitrexed, Tomudex, TDX, ZD 1694) is an antimetabolite drug used in cancer chemotherapy. It is an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase, and is manufactured by AstraZeneca. Uses Used in treatment of colorectal cancer since 1998, it ...

:L01BA04

Pemetrexed Pemetrexed, sold under the brand name Alimta among others, is a chemotherapy medication for the treatment of pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It is available as a generic medication. Medical use In February 2004, th ...

:L01BA05

Pralatrexate Pralatrexate, sold under the brand name Folotyn, is a medication used for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Pralatrexate was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2009, as the first ...

L01BB Purine analogues

:L01BB02

Mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine (6-MP), sold under the brand name Purinethol among others, is a medication used for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Specifically it is used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), Crohn's d ...

:L01BB03

Tioguanine Tioguanine, also known as thioguanine or 6-thioguanine (6-TG) or tabloid is a medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Long-term use is not recommended. It is gi ...

:L01BB04

Cladribine Cladribine, sold under the brand name Leustatin, among others, is a medication used to treat hairy cell leukemia (formally named leukemic reticuloendotheliosis) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cladribine, sold under the brand name Mav ...

:L01BB05

Fludarabine Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatm ...

:L01BB06

Clofarabine Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite marketed in the United States and Canada as Clolar. In Europe and Australia/New Zealand the product is marketed under the name Evoltra. It is FDA-approved for treating relapsed or refractory a ...

:L01BB07

Nelarabine Nelarabine, sold under the brand names Arranon (US) and Atriance (EU), is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). Nelarabine is a prodrug of ar ...

:QL01BB90 Rabacfosadine

L01BC Pyrimidine analogues

:L01BC01

Cytarabine Cytarabine, also known as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given b ...

:L01BC02

Fluorouracil Fluorouracil (5-FU, 5-fluorouracil), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. By intravenous injection it is used for treatment of colorectal cancer, oesophageal cancer, stoma ...

:L01BC03

Tegafur Tegafur is a chemotherapeutic prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) used in the treatment of cancers. It is a component of the combination drug tegafur/uracil. When metabolised, it becomes 5-FU. It was patented in 1967 and approved for medical us ...

:L01BC04 Carmofur :L01BC05

Gemcitabine Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancers. It is used to treat testicular cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder ca ...

:L01BC06

Capecitabine Capecitabine, sold under the brand name Xeloda among others, is a anticancer medication used to treat breast cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. For breast cancer it is often used together with docetaxel. It is taken by mouth. ...

:L01BC07

Azacitidine Azacitidine, sold under the brand name Vidaza among others, is a medication used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloid leukemia, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. It is a chemical analog of cytidine, a nucleoside in D ...

:L01BC08

Decitabine Decitabine (i.e., 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine), sold under the brand name Dacogen among others, acts as a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. It is a medication for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, a class of conditions where certain blood ...

:L01BC09

Floxuridine Floxuridine (also ''5-fluorodeoxyuridine'') is an oncology drug that belongs to the class known as antimetabolites. Specifically, floxuridine is a pyrimidine analog, classified as a deoxyuridine. The drug is usually administered via an artery, ...

:L01BC52 Fluorouracil, combinations :L01BC53 Tegafur, combinations :L01BC58 Decitabine, combinations :L01BC59

Trifluridine Trifluridine (also called trifluorothymidine; abbreviation TFT or FTD) is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug, used primarily as prescription eyedrops. It was sold under the trade name Viroptic by Glaxo Wellcome, now merged into GlaxoSmithKline. ...

, combinations

L01C Plant alkaloids and other natural products

L01CA Vinca alkaloids and analogues

:L01CA01

Vinblastine Vinblastine, sold under the brand name Velban among others, is a chemotherapy medication, typically used with other medications, to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, bladder canc ...

:L01CA02

Vincristine Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and sold under the brand name Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin lym ...

:L01CA03

Vindesine Vindesine, also termed Eldisine, is a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid derived from the flowering plant '' Catharanthus roseus.'' Like the natural (e.g. vinblastine and vincristine) and semisynthetic vinca alkaloids (e.g. vinorelbine and vinflunine ...

:L01CA04

Vinorelbine Vinorelbine, sold under the brand name Navelbine among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It is given by injection into a vein or by mout ...

:L01CA05 Vinflunine :L01CA06

Vintafolide Vintafolide is an investigational targeted cancer therapeutic currently under development by Endocyte and Merck & Co. It is a small molecule drug conjugate consisting of a small molecule targeting the folate receptor, which is overexpressed o ...

L01CB Podophyllotoxin derivatives

:L01CB01

Etoposide Etoposide, sold under the brand name Vepesid among others, is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer including testicular cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, and ovarian cancer. It is ...

:L01CB02

Teniposide Teniposide (trade name Vumon) is a chemotherapeutic medication used in the treatment of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin's lymphoma, certain brain tumours, and other types of cancer. It is in a class of drugs known as podophyl ...

L01CC Colchicine derivatives

:L01CC01

Demecolcine Demecolcine (INN; also known as colcemid) is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to the natural alkaloid colchicine with the replacement of the acetyl group on the amino moiety with methyl, but it is less toxic. It depolymerises m ...

L01CD Taxanes

:L01CD01

Paclitaxel Paclitaxel, sold under the brand name Taxol among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and pancreatic cancer. It is administered b ...

:L01CD02

Docetaxel Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-cel ...

:L01CD03

Paclitaxel poliglumex Paclitaxel, sold under the brand name Taxol among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer, and pancreatic cancer. It is administered by ...

:L01CD04

Cabazitaxel Cabazitaxel, sold under the brand name Jevtana, is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid. It is a microtubule inhibitor, and the fourth taxane to be approved as a cancer therapy. Cabazitaxel was developed by Sanofi-Aventis and was ...

:L01CD51 Paclitaxel and encequidar

L01CE Topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) inhibitors

:L01CE01

Topotecan Topotecan, sold under the brand name Hycamtin among others, is a chemotherapeutic agent medication that is a topoisomerase inhibitor. It is a synthetic, water-soluble analog of the natural chemical compound camptothecin. It is used in the ...

:L01CE02

Irinotecan Irinotecan, sold under the brand name Camptosar among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat colon cancer and small cell lung cancer. For colon cancer it is used either alone or with fluorouracil. For small cell lung cancer it is ...

:L01CE03 Etirinotecan pegol :L01CE04

Belotecan Belotecan is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is a semi-synthetic camptothecin analogue indicated for small-cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary. It may originate from the ovary itself or more ...

L01CX Other plant alkaloids and natural products

:L01CX01

Trabectedin Trabectedin, sold under the brand name Yondelis, is an antitumor chemotherapy medication for the treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcoma and ovarian cancer. The most common adverse reactions include nausea, fatigue, vomiting, constipation, de ...

L01D Cytotoxic antibiotics and related substances

L01DA Actinomycines

:L01DA01

Dactinomycin Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of o ...

L01DB Anthracyclines and related substances

:L01DB01

Doxorubicin Doxorubicin, sold under the brand name Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. This includes breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is often used toge ...

:L01DB02

Daunorubicin Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. Specifically it is used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and Kaposi's sarcoma. I ...

:L01DB03

Epirubicin Epirubicin is an anthracycline drug used for chemotherapy. It can be used in combination with other medications to treat breast cancer in patients who have had surgery to remove the tumor. It is marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Ellence in ...

:L01DB04

Aclarubicin Aclarubicin (INN) or aclacinomycin A is an anthracycline drug that is used in the treatment of cancer in China. It was previously approved for use in Europe but was discontinued in 2004 due to being rarely prescribed and unprofitable. However, ...

:L01DB05 Zorubicin :L01DB06

Idarubicin Idarubicin or 4-demethoxydaunorubicin is an anthracycline antileukemic drug. It inserts itself into DNA and prevents DNA unwinding by interfering with the enzyme topoisomerase II. It is an analog of daunorubicin, but the absence of a methoxy gro ...

:L01DB07

Mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone (INN, BAN, USAN; also known as Mitozantrone in Australia; trade name Novantrone) is an anthracenedione antineoplastic agent. Uses Mitoxantrone is used to treat certain types of cancer, mostly acute myeloid leukemia. It improves th ...

:L01DB08

Pirarubicin Pirarubicin ( INN) is an anthracycline drug. An analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and ...

:L01DB09

Valrubicin Valrubicin (''N''-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate, trade name Valstar) is a chemotherapy drug used to treat bladder cancer. Valrubicin is a semisynthetic analog of the anthracycline doxorubicin, and is administered by infusion directly into ...

:L01DB10 Amrubicin :L01DB11

Pixantrone Pixantrone ( rINN; trade name Pixuvri) is an experimental antineoplastic (anti-cancer) drug, an analogue of mitoxantrone with fewer toxic effects on cardiac tissue. It acts as a topoisomerase II poison and intercalating agent. The code name ...

L01DC Other cytotoxic antibiotics

:L01DC01

Bleomycin -13- (1''H''-imidazol-5-yl)methyl9-hydroxy-5- 1''R'')-1-hydroxyethyl8,10-dimethyl-4,7,12,15-tetraoxo-3,6,11,14-tetraazapentadec-1-yl}-2,4'-bi-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}propyl)(dimethyl)sulfonium , C=55 , H=84 , N=17 , O=21 , S=3 , SMI ...

:L01DC02

Plicamycin Plicamycin (INN, also known as mithramycin; trade name Mithracin) is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by '' Streptomyces plicatus''. It is an RNA synthesis inhibitor. The manufacturer discontinued production in 2000. Several different struc ...

:L01DC03

Mitomycin The mitomycins are a family of aziridine-containing Secondary metabolite, natural products isolated from ''Streptomyces caespitosus'' or ''Streptomyces lavendulae.'' They include mitomycin A, mitomycin B, and mitomycin C. When the name mitomycin ...

:L01DC04

Ixabepilone Ixabepilone ( INN; also known as azaepothilone B, codenamed BMS-247550) is a pharmaceutical drug developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb as a chemotherapeutic medication for cancer. History Ixabepilone is a semi-synthetic analog of epothilone B, a ...

:L01DC05 Utidelone

L01E Protein kinase inhibitors

L01EA BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EA01

Imatinib Imatinib, sold under the brand names Gleevec and Glivec (both marketed worldwide by Novartis) among others, is an oral targeted therapy medication used to treat cancer. Imatinib is a small molecule inhibitor targeting multiple tyrosine kinases ...

:L01EA02

Dasatinib Dasatinib, sold under the brand name Sprycel among others, is a targeted therapy medication used to treat certain cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Specifically it is used to treat cases that a ...

:L01EA03

Nilotinib Nilotinib, sold under the brand name Tasigna among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) which has the Philadelphia chromosome. It may be used both in initial cases of chronic phase CML as well a ...

:L01EA04

Bosutinib Bosutinib, sold under the brand name Bosulif, is a small molecule BCR-ABL and src tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Originally synthesized by Wyeth, it is being developed by Pfizer. Mechanism ...

:L01EA05

Ponatinib Ponatinib, sold under the brand name Iclusig, is a medication used for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It was developed by Ariad Pharmaceuticals. It is a mult ...

:L01EA06 Asciminib

L01EB Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EB01

Gefitinib Gefitinib, sold under the brand name Iressa, is a medication used for certain breast, lung and other cancers. Gefitinib is an EGFR inhibitor, like erlotinib, which interrupts signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in targe ...

:L01EB02

Erlotinib Erlotinib, sold under the brand name Tarceva among others, is a medication used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic cancer. Specifically it is used for NSCLC with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ...

:L01EB03

Afatinib Afatinib, sold under the brand name Gilotrif among others, is a medication which is used to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It belongs to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor family of medications. It is taken by mouth. It is mainly us ...

:L01EB04

Osimertinib Osimertinib, sold under the brand name Tagrisso, is a medication used to treat non-small-cell lung carcinomas with specific mutations. It is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The most common side e ...

:L01EB05 Rociletinib :L01EB06 Olmutinib :L01EB07

Dacomitinib Dacomitinib, sold under the brand name Vizimpro, is a medication for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It is a selective and Enzyme inhibitor#Irreversible inhibitors, irreversible inhibitor of Epidermal growth factor recep ...

:L01EB08 Icotinib :L01EB09 Lazertinib :L01EB10 Mobocertinib :L01EB11 Aumolertinib

L01EC B-Raf serine-threonine kinase (BRAF) inhibitors

:L01EC01

Vemurafenib Vemurafenib ( INN), sold under the brand name Zelboraf, is a medication used for the treatment of late-stage melanoma.; It is an inhibitor of the B-Raf enzyme and was developed by Plexxikon. Mechanism of action Vemurafenib causes programm ...

:L01EC02

Dabrafenib Dabrafenib, sold under the brand name Tafinlar among others, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of cancers associated with a mutated version of the gene BRAF (gene), BRAF. Dabrafenib acts as an enzyme inhibitor, inhibitor of th ...

:L01EC03

Encorafenib Encorafenib, sold under the brand name Braftovi, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of certain melanoma cancers. It is a small molecule BRAF inhibitor that targets key enzymes in the MAPK signaling pathway. This pathway occu ...

L01ED Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors

:L01ED01

Crizotinib Crizotinib, sold under the brand name Xalkori among others, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Crizotinib inhibits the c-Met/ Hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) tyrosine kinase, wh ...

:L01ED02 Ceritinib :L01ED03 Alectinib :L01ED04 Brigatinib :L01ED05

Lorlatinib Lorlatinib, sold under the brand name Lorbrena in the United States, Canada, and Japan, and Lorviqua in the European Union, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. It is an orally administered inhibito ...

L01EE Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors

:L01EE01

Trametinib Trametinib, sold under the brand name Mekinist among others, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of melanoma and glioma. It is a MEK inhibitor drug with anti-cancer activity. It inhibits MEK1 and MEK2. It is taken by mouth. The ...

:L01EE02

Cobimetinib Cobimetinib, sold under the brand name Cotellic, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat melanoma and histiocytic neoplasms. Cobimetinib is a MEK inhibitor. Cobimetinib is marketed by Genentech. The most common side effects include diarrhea ...

:L01EE03

Binimetinib Binimetinib, sold under the brand name Mektovi, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat various cancers. Binimetinib is a selective inhibitor of MEK, a central kinase in the tumor-promoting MAPK pathway. Inappropriate activation of the path ...

:L01EE04 Selumetinib :L01EE05 Mirdametinib

L01EF Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors

:L01EF01

Palbociclib Palbociclib, sold under the brand name Ibrance among others, is a medication developed by Pfizer for the treatment of HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. It is a selective inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. Palb ...

:L01EF02

Ribociclib Ribociclib, sold under the brand name Kisqali, is a medication used for the treatment of certain kinds of breast cancer. Ribociclib is a kinase inhibitor. It was developed by Novartis and Astex Pharmaceuticals. The most common side effects inc ...

:L01EF03

Abemaciclib Abemaciclib, sold under the brand name Verzenio among others, is a medication for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancers. It was developed by Eli Lilly and it acts as a CDK inhibitor selective for CDK4 and CDK6. It was desig ...

L01EG Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors

:L01EG01

Temsirolimus Temsirolimus, sold under the brand name Torisel, is an intravenous drug for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), developed by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2007, and was also app ...

:L01EG02

Everolimus Everolimus, sold under the brand name Afinitor among others, is a medication used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection of organ transplants and as a targeted therapy in the treatment of renal cell cancer and other tumours. This compoun ...

:L01EG03

Ridaforolimus Ridaforolimus (also known as AP23573 and MK-8669; formerly known as deforolimus) is an investigational targeted and small-molecule inhibitor of the protein mTOR, a protein that acts as a central regulator of protein synthesis, cell proliferatio ...

:L01EG04

Sirolimus Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin and sold under the brand name Rapamune among others, is a macrolide compound that is used to coat coronary stents, prevent organ transplant rejection, treat a rare lung disease called lymphangioleiomyomatosis ...

L01EH Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EH01

Lapatinib Lapatinib (INN), used in the form of lapatinib ditosylate ( USAN) (trade names Tykerb and Tyverb marketed by Novartis) is an orally active drug for breast cancer and other solid tumours. It is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor which interrupts ...

:L01EH02 Neratinib :L01EH03

Tucatinib Tucatinib, sold under the brand name Tukysa, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. It is a small molecule inhibitor of HER2. It was developed by Array BioPharma and licensed to Cascadian Therapeutic ...

L01EJ Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitors

:L01EJ01

Ruxolitinib Ruxolitinib (sold under the brand names Jakafi and Jakavi among others, and as Opzelura in cream form) is a medication used for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, a type of myeloproliferative neoplasm that affects the b ...

:L01EJ02

Fedratinib Fedratinib, sold under the brand name Inrebic, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat myeloproliferative diseases including myelofibrosis. It is used in the form of fedratinib hydrochloride capsules that are taken by mouth. It is a semi-sel ...

:L01EJ03 Pacritinib :L01EJ04 Momelotinib

L01EK Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EK01

Axitinib Axitinib, sold under the brand name Inlyta, is a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor developed by Pfizer. It has been shown to significantly inhibit growth of breast cancer in animal (xenograft) models and has shown partial responses in cl ...

:L01EK02 Cediranib :L01EK03 Tivozanib :L01EK04 Fruquintinib

L01EL Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors

:L01EL01

Ibrutinib Ibrutinib, sold under the brand name Imbruvica among others, is a small molecule drug that inhibits B-cell proliferation and survival by irreversibly binding the protein Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Blocking BTK inhibits the B-cell receptor ...

:L01EL02

Acalabrutinib Acalabrutinib, sold under the brand name Calquence, is a anti-cancer medication used to treat various types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. It may be used bo ...

:L01EL03

Zanubrutinib Zanubrutinib, sold under the brand name Brukinsa, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). ...

:L01EL04 Orelabrutinib :L01EL05 Pirtobrutinib :L01EL06

Tirabrutinib Tirabrutinib (brand name Velexbru) is a drug used for the treatment of autoimmune disorders and hematological malignancies. Tirabrutinib was approved in March 2020 in Japan for the treatment of recurrent or refractory primary central nervous sys ...

L01EM Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (Pi3K) inhibitors

:L01EM01

Idelalisib Idelalisib, sold under the brand name Zydelig, is a medication used to treat certain blood cancers. Idelalisib acts as a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor; more specifically, it blocks P110δ, the delta isoform of the enzyme phosphoinositid ...

:L01EM02

Copanlisib Copanlisib, sold under the brand name Aliqopa, is a medication used for the treatment of adults experiencing relapsed follicular lymphoma who have received at least two prior systemic therapies. Adverse effects Data for safety and efficacy of co ...

:L01EM03

Alpelisib Alpelisib, sold under the brand name Piqray among others, is a medication used to treat certain types of breast cancer. It is used together with fulvestrant. It is taken by mouth. It is marketed by Novartis. Common side effects include high ...

:L01EM04

Duvelisib Duvelisib, sold under the brand name Copiktra, is a medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and follicular lymphoma after other treatments have failed. It is taken by mouth. It is a PI3 kin ...

:L01EM05 Parsaclisib

L01EN Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EN01

Erdafitinib Erdafitinib, sold under the brand name Balversa, is an anti-cancer medication. It is a small molecule inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) used for the treatment of cancer. FGFRs are a subset of tyrosine kinases which are unr ...

:L01EN02

Pemigatinib Pemigatinib, sold under the brand name Pemazyre, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Pemigatinib works by blocking FGFR2 in tumor cells to prevent them from growing and spreading. Pe ...

:L01EN03 Infigratinib :L01EN04 Futibatinib

L01EX Other protein kinase inhibitors

:L01EX01

Sunitinib Sunitinib, sold under the brand name Sutent, is an anti-cancer medication. It is a small-molecule, multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that was approved by the FDA for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and imat ...

:L01EX02

Sorafenib Sorafenib, sold under the brand name Nexavar, is a kinase inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of primary kidney cancer (advanced renal cell carcinoma), advanced primary liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), FLT3-ITD positive AML and ra ...

:L01EX03

Pazopanib Pazopanib, sold under the brand name Votrient, is an anti-cancer medication marketed worldwide by Novartis. It is a potent and selective multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks tumour growth and inhibits angiogenesis. It h ...

:L01EX04

Vandetanib Vandetanib, sold under the brand name Caprelsa, is an anti-cancer medication that is used for the treatment of certain tumours of the thyroid gland. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial g ...

:L01EX05

Regorafenib Regorafenib, sold under the brand name Stivarga among others, is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor developed by Bayer which targets angiogenic, stromal and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Regorafenib shows anti-angiogenic activity due to ...

:L01EX06

Masitinib Masitinib is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of mast cell tumours in animals, specifically dogs.Information abouMasivet at the European pharmacy agency website Since its introduction in November 2008 it has been distributed ...

:L01EX07

Cabozantinib Cabozantinib, sold under the brand names Cometriq and Cabometyx among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat medullary thyroid cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is a small-molecule tyrosine-kinase inhib ...

:L01EX08

Lenvatinib Lenvatinib, sold under the brand name Lenvima among others, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of certain kinds of thyroid cancer and for other cancers as well. It was developed by Eisai Co. and acts as a multiple kinase inhibitor aga ...

:L01EX09

Nintedanib Nintedanib, sold under the brand names Ofev and Vargatef, is an oral medication used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and along with other medications for some types of non-small-cell lung cancer. In March 2020, it was app ...

:L01EX10

Midostaurin Midostaurin, sold under the brand name Rydapt by Novartis, is a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor that has been investigated for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and advanced systemic mastocyt ...

:L01EX11

Quizartinib Quizartinib, sold under the brand name Vanflyta, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. It is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Its molecular target is FLT3, also known as CD135 wh ...

:L01EX12 Larotrectinib :L01EX13

Gilteritinib Gilteritinib, sold under the brand name Xospata, is an anti-cancer drug. Mechanism of action Gilteritinib acts as an inhibitor of FLT3, hence it is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. History Gilteritinib was developed by Astellas Pharma. In Apr ...

:L01EX14

Entrectinib Entrectinib, sold under the brand name Rozlytrek, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer and NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors. It is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), of the tropomyosin ...

:L01EX15 Pexidartinib :L01EX17

Capmatinib Capmatinib, sold under the brand name Tabrecta, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer whose tumors have a mutation that leads to the exon 14 skipping of the ''MET'' gene, which codes for the ...

:L01EX18 Avapritinib :L01EX19 Ripretinib :L01EX21 Tepotinib :L01EX22 Selpercatinib :L01EX23 Pralsetinib :L01EX24 Surufatinib :L01EX25

Umbralisib Umbralisib, sold under the brand name Ukoniq, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). It is taken by mouth. Umbralisib is a kinase inhibitor including PI3K-delta and casein k ...

:L01EX26 Sitravatinib :L01EX27 Capivasertib :L01EX28

Repotrectinib Repotrectinib, sold under the brand name Augtyro, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. It is taken by mouth. Repotrectinib is an inhibitor of ROS1, proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS1 (''RO ...

:QL01EX90

Toceranib Toceranib (INN), sold under the brand name Palladia, is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of canine mast cell tumor also called mastocytoma. It is the first medication developed specifically for the treatment of ...

L01F Monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates

L01FA CD20 (clusters of differentiation 20) inhibitors

:L01FA01

Rituximab Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in children and ad ...

:L01FA02

Ofatumumab Ofatumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to CD20, which appears to provide rapid B-cell depletion. Under the brand name Kesimpta, it is approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in the United States as well as in the European Uni ...

:L01FA03

Obinutuzumab Obinutuzumab, sold under the brand name Gazyva among others, is a humanized anti- CD20 monoclonal antibody used as a treatment for cancer. It was originated by GlycArt Biotechnology AG and developed by Roche. Medical uses As of 2015, obinutuz ...

L01FB CD22 (clusters of differentiation 22) inhibitors

:L01FB01

Inotuzumab ozogamicin Inotuzumab ozogamicin, sold under the brand name Besponsa, is an antibody-drug conjugate medication used to treat relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is administered by intravenous infusion. Inotuzum ...

:L01FB02

Moxetumomab pasudotox Moxetumomab pasudotox, sold under the brand name Lumoxiti, is an anti-CD22 immunotoxin medication for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (HCL) who have received at least two prior systemic therapies, includ ...

L01FC CD38 (clusters of differentiation 38) inhibitors

:L01FC01

Daratumumab Daratumumab, sold under the brand name Darzalex among others, is an anti-cancer monoclonal antibody medication. It binds to CD38, which is overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells. Daratumumab was originally developed by Genmab, but it is now ...

:L01FC02

Isatuximab Isatuximab, sold under the brand name Sarclisa, is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) medication for the treatment of multiple myeloma. The most common side effects include neutropenia (low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell), infusion ...

L01FD HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) inhibitors

:L01FD01

Trastuzumab Trastuzumab, sold under the brand name Herceptin among others, is a monoclonal antibody used to treat breast cancer and stomach cancer. It is specifically used for cancer that is HER2 receptor positive. It may be used by itself or together ...

:L01FD02

Pertuzumab Pertuzumab, sold under the brand name Perjeta, is a monoclonal antibody used in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer; it also used in the same combination as a neoadjuvant in earl ...

:L01FD03

Trastuzumab emtansine Trastuzumab emtansine, sold under the brand name Kadcyla, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent DM1. Trastuzumab alone stops growth of c ...

:L01FD04 Trastuzumab deruxtecan :L01FD05 Trastuzumab duocarmazine :L01FD06

Margetuximab Margetuximab, sold under the brand name Margenza, is a chimeric IgG monoclonal antibody medication against HER2 used for the treatment of cancer. The most common adverse drug reactions in combination with chemotherapy are fatigue/asthenia, nause ...

:L01FD07 Zanidatamab

L01FE EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) inhibitors

:L01FE01

Cetuximab Cetuximab, sold under the brand name Erbitux, is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor medication used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Cetuximab is a chimeric (mouse/human) monoclonal a ...

:L01FE02

Panitumumab Panitumumab, sold under the brand name Vectibix, is a fully human monoclonal antibody specific to the epidermal growth factor receptor (also known as ''EGF receptor'', ''EGFR'', ''ErbB-1'' and ''HER1'' in humans). Panitumumab is manufactured by ...

:L01FE03 Necitumumab

L01FF PD-1/PDL-1 (programmed cell death protein 1/ death ligand 1) inhibitors

:L01FF01

Nivolumab Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is an anti-cancer medication in the class of immune checkpoint inhibitors. It selectively binds and blocks the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor on T cells, thereby facilitating their activation ...

:L01FF02

Pembrolizumab Pembrolizumab, sold under the brand name Keytruda, is a humanized antibody, more specifically a PD-1 inhibitor, used in cancer immunotherapy that treats melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, stomach cancer, cerv ...

:L01FF03

Durvalumab Durvalumab, sold under the brand name Imfinzi, is an anti-cancer medication used for treatment of various types of cancer. It was Drug development, developed by MedImmune, Medimmune/AstraZeneca. It is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) mo ...

:L01FF04 Avelumab :L01FF05

Atezolizumab Atezolizumab, sold under the brand name Tecentriq among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat urothelial carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), hepatocellular carcinoma and alveolar so ...

:L01FF06 Cemiplimab :L01FF07

Dostarlimab Dostarlimab, sold under the brand name Jemperli, is a monoclonal antibody used as an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of endometrial cancer. Dostarlimab is a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)–blocking monoclonal antibody. The most ...

:L01FF08 Prolgolimab :L01FF09 Tislelizumab :L01FF10 Retifanlimab :L01FF11 Sugemalimab :L01FF12 Serplulimab :L01FF13

Toripalimab Toripalimab, sold under the brand name Loqtorzi, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of melanoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Toripalimab is a recombinant humanized programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody that a ...

L01FG VEGF/VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor) inhibitors

:L01FG01

Bevacizumab Bevacizumab, sold under the brand name Avastin among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat a number of types of cancers and a specific eye disease. For cancer, it is given by slow injection into a vein (intravenous) and use ...

:L01FG02 Ramucirumab

L01FX Other monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates

:L01FX01 Edrecolomab :L01FX02 Gemtuzumab ozogamicin :L01FX03 Catumaxomab :L01FX04

Ipilimumab Ipilimumab, sold under the brand name Yervoy, is a monoclonal antibody medication that works to activate the immune system by targeting CTLA-4, a protein receptor that downregulates the immune system. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can recogniz ...

:L01FX05

Brentuximab vedotin Brentuximab vedotin, sold under the brand name Adcetris, is an antibody-drug conjugate medication used to treat relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a type of T cell non-Hodgkin lymph ...

:L01FX06 Dinutuximab beta :L01FX07

Blinatumomab Blinatumomab, sold under the brand name Blincyto, is a biopharmaceutical medication used for the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-negative relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It belongs to a class of constructed monoclonal ...

:L01FX08

Elotuzumab Elotuzumab, sold under the brand name Empliciti, is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody medication used in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, for adults that have received 1 to 3 prior therapies for the treatment of multiple myelom ...

:L01FX09

Mogamulizumab Mogamulizumab, sold under the brand name Poteligeo, is a humanized, afucosylated monoclonal antibody targeting CC chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4). It is given by injection into a vein. The most common side effects include rash, infusion-rel ...

:L01FX10

Olaratumab Olaratumab, sold under the brand name Lartruvo, is a monoclonal antibody medication developed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of solid tumors. It is directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha. It was removed ...

:L01FX11 Bermekimab :L01FX12 Tafasitamab :L01FX13

Enfortumab vedotin Enfortumab vedotin, sold under the brand name Padcev, is an antibody-drug conjugate used for the treatment of urothelial cancer. It is a nectin-4-directed antibody and microtubule inhibitor conjugate. Enfortumab refers to the monoclonal anti ...

:L01FX14

Polatuzumab vedotin Polatuzumab vedotin, sold under the brand name Polivy, is a CD79b-directed antibody-drug conjugate medication used for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (cancer). It was developed by the Genentech subsidiary of Roche. The most ...

:L01FX15 Belantamab mafodotin :L01FX16 Oportuzumab monatox :L01FX17 Sacituzumab govitecan :L01FX18 Amivantamab :L01FX19 Sabatolimab :L01FX20

Tremelimumab Tremelimumab, sold under the brand name Imjudo, is a fully human monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (a type of liver cancer). Tremelimumab is designed to attach to and block CTLA-4, a protein that controls th ...

:L01FX21 Naxitamab :L01FX22 Loncastuximab tesirine :L01FX23 Tisotumab vedotin :L01FX24 Teclistamab :L01FX25

Mosunetuzumab Mosunetuzumab, sold under the brand name Lunsumio, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of follicular lymphoma. It bispecifically binds CD20 and CD3 to engage T-cells. It was developed by Genentech. The most common adverse reactions ...

:L01FX26 Mirvetuximab soravtansine :L01FX27

Epcoritamab Epcoritamab, sold under the brand name Epkinly, is a Bi-specific T-cell engager (BiTE) used for the treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Epcoritamab is a bispecific CD20-directed CD3 T-cell engager. Epcoritamab was co-developed by AbbVi ...

:L01FX28

Glofitamab Glofitamab, sold under the brand name Columvi, is a bispecific monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of large B-cell lymphoma. It is a bispecific CD20-directed CD3 T-cell engager developed by Roche. The most common side effects include ...

:L01FX29

Talquetamab Talquetamab, sold under the brand name Talvey, is a humanized monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. It is a bispecific GPRC5D-directed CD3 T-cell engager. Talquetamab is a bispecific antibody against two targets: hum ...

:L01FX31

Zolbetuximab Zolbetuximab, sold under the brand name Vyloy, is a monoclonal antibody used for the treatment of gastric cancer. It is a claudin 18.2-directed cytolytic antibody against isoform 2 of Claudin-18. Zolbetuximab was developed by Ganymed Pharmaceu ...

:L01FX32

Elranatamab Elranatamab, sold under the brand name Elrexfio, is a medication used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Elranatamab is a bispecific B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-directed CD3 T-cell engager. Elranatamab is given by subcutaneous inject ...

:L01FX33

Tarlatamab Tarlatamab, sold under the brand name Imdelltra, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. It is a bispecific T-cell engager that binds delta-like ligand 3 and CD3. The most common advers ...

:L01FX34 Odronextamab :L01FX35 Datopotamab deruxtecan :L01FX36 Patritumab deruxtecan

L01FY Combinations of monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates

:L01FY01 Pertuzumab and trastuzumab :L01FY02 Nivolumab and relatlimab :L01FY03 Prolgolimab and nurulimab

L01X Other antineoplastic agents

L01XA Platinum compounds

:L01XA01

Cisplatin Cisplatin is a chemical compound with chemical formula, formula ''cis''-. It is a coordination complex of platinum that is used as a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers. These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, c ...

:L01XA02

Carboplatin Carboplatin, sold under the brand name Paraplatin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of forms of cancer. This includes ovarian cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, brain cancer, and neuroblastoma. It is a ...

:L01XA03

Oxaliplatin Oxaliplatin, sold under the brand name Eloxatin among others, is a cancer medication (platinum-based antineoplastic class) used to treat colorectal cancer. It is given by intravenous, infusion into a vein. Common side effects include paresth ...

:L01XA04 Satraplatin :L01XA05 Polyplatillen

L01XB Methylhydrazines

:L01XB01 Procarbazine

L01XD Sensitizers used in photodynamic/radiation therapy

:L01XD01

Porfimer sodium Porfimer sodium, sold as Photofrin, is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy and radiation therapy and for palliative treatment of obstructing endobronchial non-small cell lung carcinoma and obstructing esophageal cancer. Porfimer is a ...

:L01XD03 Methyl aminolevulinate :L01XD04

Aminolevulinic acid δ-Aminolevulinic acid (also dALA, δ-ALA, 5ALA or 5-aminolevulinic acid), an endogenous non-proteinogenic amino acid, is the first compound in the porphyrin synthesis pathway, the pathway that leads to heme in mammals, as well as chlorophyll ...

:L01XD05

Temoporfin Temoporfin (INN) is a photosensitizer (based on chlorin) used in photodynamic therapy for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. It is marketed in the European Union under the brand name Foscan. The U.S. Food and Drug Ad ...

:L01XD06 Efaproxiral :L01XD07 Padeliporfin

L01XF Retinoids for cancer treatment

:L01XF01

Tretinoin Tretinoin, also known as all-''trans'' retinoic acid (ATRA), is a medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia. For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream, gel or ointment. For acute promyelocytic leukemia, ...

:L01XF02

Alitretinoin Alitretinoin, or 9-cis-retinoic acid, is a form of vitamin A. It is also used in medicine as an antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals. It is a first generation retinoid. Ligand gained Food and Drug Administratio ...

:L01XF03

Bexarotene Bexarotene, sold under the brand Targretin, is an antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent used for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). It is a third-generation retinoid. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ...

L01XG Proteasome inhibitors

:L01XG01

Bortezomib Bortezomib, sold under the brand name Velcade among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. This includes multiple myeloma in those who have and have not previously received treatment. It is ...

:L01XG02

Carfilzomib Carfilzomib, sold under the brand name Kyprolis, is an anti-cancer medication acting as a selective proteasome inhibitor. Chemically, it is a tetrapeptide epoxyketone and an analog of epoxomicin. It was developed by Onyx Pharmaceuticals. The U ...

:L01XG03 Ixazomib

L01XH Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors

:L01XH01

Vorinostat Vorinostat (International Nonproprietary Name, rINN), also known as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (suberic acid, suberoyl+aniline, anilide+hydroxamic acid abbreviated as SAHA), is a member of a larger class of compounds that inhibit histone de ...

:L01XH02

Romidepsin Romidepsin, sold under the brand name Istodax, is an anticancer agent used in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and other peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). Romidepsin is a natural product obtained from the bacterium ''Chromobacterium violaceum ...

:L01XH03

Panobinostat Panobinostat, sold under the brand name Farydak, is a medication used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. It is a hydroxamic acid and acts as a non-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor (pan-HDAC inhibitor).Belinostat Belinostat (trade name Beleodaq, previously known as PXD101) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor drug developed by TopoTarget for the treatment of hematological malignancies and solid tumors. It was approved in July 2014 by the US FDA to treat pe ...

:L01XH05 Entinostat :L01XH06 Tucidinostat :L01XH07 Resminostat

L01XJ Hedgehog pathway inhibitors

:L01XJ01

Vismodegib Vismodegib, sold under the brand name Erivedge, is a medication used for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). The approval of vismodegib on January 30, 2012, represents the first Hedgehog signaling pathway targeting agent to gain U.S. Foo ...

:L01XJ02

Sonidegib Sonidegib (INN), sold under the brand name Odomzo, is a medication used to treat cancer. Sonidegib is a Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor (via smoothened antagonism). Approvals and indications It was approved for medical use in the United S ...

:L01XJ03 Glasdegib

L01XK Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors

:L01XK01

Olaparib Olaparib, sold under the brand name Lynparza, is a medication for the maintenance treatment of BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer in adults. It is a PARP inhibitor, inhibiting poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in DNA rep ...

:L01XK02

Niraparib Niraparib, sold under the brand name Zejula, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. It is taken Oral administration, by mouth. It is a PARP inhibitor. The most co ...

:L01XK03

Rucaparib Rucaparib, sold under the brand name Rubraca, is a PARP inhibitor used as an anti-cancer agent. Rucaparib is a first-in-class pharmaceutical drug targeting the DNA repair enzyme poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1). It is taken by mouth. The ...

:L01XK04

Talazoparib Talazoparib, sold under the brand name Talzenna, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of breast cancer and prostate cancer. It is an orally available poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor marketed by Pfizer for the treatme ...

:L01XK05

Veliparib Veliparib (ABT-888) is a potential anti-cancer drug acting as a PARP inhibitor. It kills cancer cells by blocking a protein called PARP, thereby preventing the repair of DNA or genetic damage in cancer cells and possibly making them more suscepti ...

:L01XK06 Pamiparib :L01XK52 Niraparib and abiraterone

L01XL Antineoplastic cell and gene therapy

:L01XL01 Sitimagene ceradenovec :L01XL02

Talimogene laherparepvec Talimogene laherparepvec, sold under the brand name Imlygic among others, is a biopharmaceutical medication used to treat melanoma that cannot be operated on; it is injected directly into a subset of lesions which generates a systemic immune re ...

:L01XL03

Axicabtagene ciloleucel Axicabtagene ciloleucel, sold under the brand name Yescarta, is a medication used for the treatment for large B-cell lymphoma that has failed conventional treatment. T cells are removed from a person with lymphoma and genetically engineered t ...

:L01XL04

Tisagenlecleucel Tisagenlecleucel, sold under the brand name Kymriah, is a CAR T cells medication for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which uses the body's own T cells to fight cancer (adoptive cell transfer). The most common serious ...

:L01XL05 Ciltacabtagene autoleucel :L01XL06 Brexucabtagene autoleucel :L01XL07

Idecabtagene vicleucel Idecabtagene vicleucel, sold under the brand name Abecma, is a cell-based gene therapy to treat multiple myeloma. The most common side effects include cytokine release syndrome (CRS), infections, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and a weakened ...

:L01XL08

Lisocabtagene maraleucel Lisocabtagene maraleucel, sold under the brand name Breyanzi, is a cell-based gene therapy used to treat B-cell lymphomas, including follicular lymphoma. Side effects include hypersensitivity reactions, serious infections, low blood cell count ...

:L01XL09 Tabelecleucel :L01XL10 Nadofaragene firadenovec :L01XL11

Lifileucel Lifileucel, sold under the brand name Amtagvi, is an Adoptive T-cell therapy, adoptive T cell therapy used for the treatment of melanoma. Specifically, lifileucel is a tumor-derived T cell immunotherapy composed of a recipient's own T cell ...

:L01XL12

Obecabtagene autoleucel Obecabtagene autoleucel, sold under the brand name Aucatzyl, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It is a CD19-directed genetically modified autologous T-cell immunotherapy. The most common side ...

L01XM Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) inhibitors

:L01XM01 Enasidenib :L01XM02 Ivosidenib :L01XM03 Olutasidenib :L01XM04

Vorasidenib Vorasidenib, sold under the brand name Voranigo, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of certain forms of glioma. Vorasidenib is a dual mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (mIDH1/2) inhibitor. The ...

L01XU Other antineoplastic agents (cont.)

:''Empty group''

L01XX Other antineoplastic agents

:L01XX01

Amsacrine Amsacrine (synonyms: m-AMSA, acridinyl anisidide) is an antineoplastic agent. It has been used in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mechanism Its planar fused ring system can intercalate into the DNA of tumor cells, thereby altering the major and ...

:L01XX02

Asparaginase Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). It is given by intravenous, injection into ...

:L01XX03

Altretamine Altretamine (trade name Hexalen), also called hexamethylmelamine, is an antineoplastic agent. It was approved by the U.S. FDA in 1990. Uses It is indicated for use as a single agent in the palliative treatment of patients with persistent or r ...

:L01XX05

Hydroxycarbamide Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is an antimetabolite medication used in sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, and cervical cancer. In sickle-cell disease it increases f ...

:L01XX07

Lonidamine Lonidamine is a derivative of indazole-3-carboxylic acid, which for a long time, has been known to inhibit aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. It seems to enhance aerobic glycolysis in normal cells, but suppress glycolysis in cancer cells. This i ...

:L01XX08

Pentostatin Pentostatin (or 2′-deoxycoformycin, trade name Nipent, manufactured by SuperGen) is an anticancer chemotherapeutic drug. Medical uses Pentostatin is used to treat hairy cell leukemia. It is given by intravenous infusion once every two weeks ...

:L01XX10 Masoprocol :L01XX11 Estramustine :L01XX16 Mitoguazone :L01XX18 Tiazofurine :L01XX23

Mitotane Mitotane, sold under the brand name Lysodren, is a steroidogenesis inhibitor and cytostatic antineoplastic medication which is used in the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma and Cushing's syndrome. It is a chemical derivative, derivative of ...

:L01XX24

Pegaspargase Pegaspargase, sold under the brand name Oncaspar, is a medication used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Often it is used together with anthracycline, vincristine, and corticosteroids (for example prednisone and dexamethas ...

:L01XX27

Arsenic trioxide Arsenic trioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula . As an industrial chemical, its major uses include the manufacture of wood preservatives, pesticides, and glass. It is sold under the brand name Trisenox among others when used as a m ...

:L01XX29

Denileukin diftitox Denileukin diftitox, sold under the brand name Ontak among others, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of adults with T-cell lymphoma. It is an IL2-receptor-directed cytotoxin. It is an engineered protein combining interleukin-2 ...

:L01XX33

Celecoxib Celecoxib, sold under the brand name Celebrex among others, is a COX-2 inhibitor and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to treat the pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, acute pain in adults, rheumatoid arthritis, psor ...

:L01XX35

Anagrelide Anagrelide (Agrylin/Xagrid, Shire and Thromboreductin, AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals AG) is a drug used for the treatment of essential thrombocytosis (also known as essential thrombocythemia), or overproduction of blood platelets. It also has been u ...

:L01XX36

Oblimersen Oblimersen (INN, trade name Genasense; also known as Augmerosen and bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139) is an antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide being studied as a possible treatment for several types of cancer, including chronic lymphoc ...

:L01XX40

Omacetaxine mepesuccinate Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (INN; trade name Synribo; formerly named as homoharringtonine or HHT) is a pharmaceutical drug substance that is indicated for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Omacetaxine approval in US is discontinued (Augu ...

:L01XX41

Eribulin Eribulin, sold under the brand name Halaven among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat breast cancer and liposarcoma. The most common side effects include fatigue, nausea, hair loss (alopecia), constipation, certain nerve damage ...

:L01XX44

Aflibercept Aflibercept, sold under the brand names Eylea and Zaltrap among others, is a medication used to treat wet macular degeneration and metastatic colorectal cancer. It was developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. It is an inhibitor of vascular en ...

:L01XX46

:L01XX52

Venetoclax Venetoclax, sold under the brand names Venclexta and Venclyxto, is a medication used to treat adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The most common side effects are ...

:L01XX53 Vosaroxin :L01XX57 Plitidepsin :L01XX58 Epacadostat :L01XX66

Selinexor Selinexor sold under the brand name Xpovio among others, is a selective inhibitor of nuclear export used as an anti-cancer medication. It works by blocking the action of exportin 1 and thus blocking the transport of several proteins involved i ...

:L01XX67 Tagraxofusp :L01XX69 Lurbinectedin :L01XX72 Tazemetostat :L01XX73

Sotorasib Sotorasib, sold under the brand names Lumakras and Lumykras, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer. It targets a specific mutation, G12C, in the protein K-Ras encoded by gene KRAS which is responsible for vario ...

:L01XX74

Belzutifan Belzutifan, sold under the brand name Welireg, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of von Hippel–Lindau disease-associated renal cell carcinoma. It is taken by mouth. Belzutifan is an hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α ...

:L01XX75 Tebentafusp :L01XX77

Adagrasib Adagrasib, sold under the brand name Krazati, is an anticancer medication used to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Adagrasib is an inhibitor of G12C mutated KRAS GTPase. It is taken by mouth. It is being developed by Mirati Therapeutics. Th ...

:L01XX78

Navitoclax Navitoclax (previously ABT-263) is an experimental orally active anti-cancer drug, which is a Bcl-2 inhibitor similar in action to obatoclax. Mechanism of action Navitoclax inhibits not only Bcl-2, but also Bcl-XL and Bcl-w proteins. Becau ...

:L01XX79

Eflornithine Eflornithine, sold under the brand name Vaniqa among others, is a medication used to treat African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) and excessive hair growth on the face in women. Specifically it is used for the second stage of sleeping sic ...

:L01XX80 Imetelstat :L01XX81 Nirogacestat :L01XX82

Darinaparsin Darinaparsin (trade names Darvias and Zinapar) is a drug for the treatment of various types of cancer. It is an arsenic-containing derivative of glutathione. The mechanism of action of darinaparsin is proposed to involve disruption of mitochondr ...

:L01XX83 Para-toluenesulfonamide :L01XX84

Pelabresib Pelabresib (CPI-0610; PELA) is an investigational oral small-molecule drug designed to inhibit bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET)-mediated gene transcription involved in the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis (MF) and other myeloproliferativ ...

:L01XX85 Idroxioleic acid :L01XX86 Calaspargase pegol :QL01XX91 Tigilanol tiglate :QL01XX92 Verdinexor

L01XY Combinations of antineoplastic agents

:L01XY01 Cytarabine and daunorubicin :L01XY04 Bifikafusp alfa and onfekafusp alfa

References

{{Extracellular chemotherapeutic agents L01