Local elections in the Philippines will take place on May 12, 2025. These will be conducted together with the 2025 general election for national positions. All elected positions above the

barangay A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolit ...

level will be contested. The following 18,191 positions will be contested: * All 82 provincial governorships and vice-governorships * 792 provincial board members (regular Sangguniang Panlalawigan members) * All 149 mayorships and vice mayorships in cities * 1,682 city councilors (regular Sangguniang Panlungsod members) * All 1,493 mayorships and vice mayorships in municipalities * 11,948 municipal councilors (regular

Sangguniang Bayan The Sangguniang Bayan () is the local legislative branch of the municipal governments in the Philippines. It is responsible for passing ordinances and resolutions for the administration of a municipality. Its powers are defined by the Local Go ...

members) Elections for the Bangsamoro Parliament was originally synchronized with the local elections, but was postponed to October 2024. The elective positions in the barangays will not be decided on this day. The elections for these positions will be held in December 2025.

Electoral system

Local government in the Philippines In the Philippines, local government is divided into three levels: provinces and independent cities, component cities and municipalities, and barangays, all of which are collectively known as local government units (LGUs). In one area, above ...

is governed by the Local Government Code of 1991. The country is divided into

autonomous regions An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subnational administrative division or internal territory of a sovereign state that has a degree of autonomy— ...

provinces A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...

cities A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclopedia''. 2nd edition. London: Routledge. It can be def ...

municipalities A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the ...

and

barangays A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...

. For elections on this day, all local positions above the barangay level and below the regional level are disputed. Election slates of a governor, vice governor and Sangguniang Panlalawigan (for provinces), mayor, vice mayor and Sangguniang Panlungsod/

Bayan Bayan may refer to: Eduational Institutions * Bayan Islamic Graduate School, Chicago, IL Places *Bayan-Aul, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan *Bayan Mountain, an ancient mountain name for part of Tarbagatai Mountains at Kazakhstan in Qing Dynasty period *B ...

(for cities and municipalities) are common. Provincial and city/municipal slates may cross-endorse each other. Slates may contain candidates from multiple parties. Positions are elected separately.

Bangsamoro Parliament

For the

Bangsamoro Parliament , legislature = 2nd BTA (Interim) Parliament , linking_name = , coa_pic = Bangsamoro_Parliament_Seal.png , coa_res = , session_room = File:BARMM lawmakers refile local governance code.jpg , sessi ...

, a person may have up to three votes, one each from the following: * 40% of seats via parliamentary districts elected via

first-past-the-post voting In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast their ...

* 50% of seats via

party-list proportional representation Party-list proportional representation (list-PR) is a subset of proportional representation electoral systems in which multiple candidates are elected (e.g., elections to parliament) through their position on an electoral list. They can also be u ...

* 10% of seats being

reserved Reserved is a Polish apparel retailer headquartered in Gdańsk, Pomerania, Poland. It was founded in 1999 and remains the largest company of the LPP group, which has more than 1,700 retail stores located in over 20 countries and also owns such b ...

, elected via sectoral conventions and elections

Executive positions

For governor, vice governor, mayor and vice mayor, voting is via

first-past-the-post In a first-past-the-post electoral system (FPTP or FPP), formally called single-member plurality voting (SMP) when used in single-member districts or informally choose-one voting in contrast to ranked voting, or score voting, voters cast thei ...

Legislative positions

For regular members of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan, Panlungsod and Bayan, voting is via

multiple non-transferable vote The multiple non-transferable vote (MNTV) is a group of voting system, in which voters elect several representatives at once, with each voter having more than one vote. MNTV uses multi-member electoral districts or only one district, which contai ...

, where a voter has as many votes as there are positions, and can distribute it to how many candidates there are on the ballot.

Reserved seats Several politico-constitutional arrangements use reserved political positions, especially when endeavoring to ensure the rights of women, minorities or other segments of society, or preserving a political balance of power. These arrangements can ...

designated as Indigenous People's Mandatory Representation are not elected on this day, nor are barangay positions. '' Ex officio'' seats in local legislatures are also not elected on this day.

Philippine Councilors League The Philippine Councilors League – or more simply the PCL – is a formal organization of all the municipal and city councilors in the Philippines. Last February 27, 2020, the outgoing national board declared a failure of elections after the au ...

seats on the Sangguniang Panlalawigan are elected later.

Bangsamoro Parliament

According to the

Bangsamoro Organic Law The Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL; fil, Batayang Batas para sa Rehiyong Awtonomo ng Bangsamoro), also known as the Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL), and officially designated as Republic Act No. 11054, is a Philippine law that provided for the establis ...

, the first

election should had been on 2022, along with the

2022 local elections This local electoral calendar for 2022 lists the subnational elections held in 2022. Referendums, recall and retention elections, and national by-elections (special elections) are also included. January *9 January: Venezuela, Barinas, Governo ...

. However, a law was passed that deferred it to 2025, along with the 2025 local elections In February 2025, another law deferred it to October 2025, which caused it not to be held concurrently with the elections in May. The law considers the October 2025 Bangsamoro elections as a continuation of the 2025 general election, and not as a "

special election A by-election, also known as a special election in the United States and the Philippines, a bye-election in Ireland, a bypoll in India, or a Zimni election (Urdu: ضمنی انتخاب, supplementary election) in Pakistan, is an election used to f ...

", and that the winners shall serve until June 2028, with the May 2028 elections not being changed.

Provincial elections

All 82 provinces shall hold elections for their elective offices. The provinces of

Maguindanao del Norte Maguindanao del Norte, officially the Province of Maguindanao del Norte ( mdh, Dairat nu Pangutaran Magindanaw, Jawi: دايرت نو ڤڠوترن ماڬينداناو; ilp, Perobinsia a Pangutaran Magindanao, ڤروبنسيا ا ڤڠوترن ...

and

Maguindanao del Sur Maguindanao del Sur, officially the Province of Maguindanao del Sur ( mdh, Dairat nu Pagabagatan Magindanaw, Jawi:دايرت نو ڤاڬابڬتنن ماڬينداناو ), is a landlocked province in the Philippines located in the Bangsamor ...

shall hold its first election after voters from the old province of

Maguindanao Maguindanao (, Maguindanaon: ''Prubinsya nu Magindanaw''; Iranun'': Perobinsia a Magindanao''; tl, Lalawigan ng Maguindanao) was a province of the Philippines located in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). From 2014 t ...

approved its division in a 2022 plebiscite.

City elections

All 149 cities shall hold elections for its elective offices. The new cities of

Baliwag Baliwag or Baliuag, officially the City of Baliwag ( fil, Lungsod ng Baliwag), is a component city in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 168,470 people. Baliuag was founded in 1732 by Augu ...

Calaca A calaca (, a colloquial Mexican Spanish name for skeleton) is a figure of a skull or skeleton (usually human) commonly used for decoration during the Mexican Day of the Dead festival, although they are made all year round. Description Tracing t ...

and

Carmona Carmona may refer to: Places Angola * the former name of the town of Uíge Costa Rica * Carmona District, Nandayure, a district in Guanacaste Province India * Carmona, Goa, a village located in the Salcette district of South Goa, India ...

will elect its officials for the first time as cities after their voters approved cityhood in separate plebiscites from 2022 to 2023.

Butuan Butuan (pronounced ), officially the City of Butuan ( ceb, Dakbayan sa Butuan; Butuanon: ''Dakbayan hong Butuan''; fil, Lungsod ng Butuan), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the region of Caraga, Philippines. It is the ''de facto'' ...

and

Taguig Taguig (), officially the City of Taguig ( fil, Lungsod ng Taguig), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 886,722 people. Located in the northwestern shores of ...

increased the number of councilors in its city councils. Butuan now has 12 councilors elected at large from 10, while Taguig now has 12 councilors elected from its two districts, from 8 per district.

Municipal elections

All 1,493 municipalities shall hold elections for its elective offices. The new municipalities of Kadayangan, Kapalawan, Ligawasan, Malidegao, Nabalawag, Old Kaabakan, Pahamuddin and Tugunan will elect its officials for the first time after their voters approved incorporation in a 2024 plebiscite.

References

{{Philippine local elections 2025 elections in the Philippines

Electoral system

Bangsamoro Parliament

Executive positions

Legislative positions

Bangsamoro Parliament

Provincial elections

City elections

Municipal elections

See also

References