Pudong is a

district A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by the local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning regions or county, counties, several municipality, municipa ...

Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flowin ...

located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east

bank A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets. Becau ...

, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city center. It now refers to the broader Pudong New Area, a

state-level new area The new areas or new districts of the People's Republic of China are new urban districts that are given special economic and development support by the Chinese Central Government or regional government. New areas are divided into two varieties ...

which extends all the way to the East China Sea. The traditional area of Pudong is now home to the Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and the Shanghai Stock Exchange and many of Shanghai's best-known buildings, such as the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Jin Mao Tower, the Shanghai World Financial Center, and the Shanghai Tower. These modern skyscrapers directly face Puxi's historic Bund, a remnant of former foreign concessions in China. The rest of the new area includes the

Port of Shanghai The Port of Shanghai (), located in the vicinity of Shanghai, comprises a deep-sea port and a river port. The main port enterprise in Shanghai, the Shanghai International Port Group (SIPG), was established during the reconstitution of the S ...

, the Shanghai Expo and Century Park, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai Pudong International Airport, the

Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve Jiuduansha is a collection of four intertidal wetland shoals at the mouth of China's Yangtze River. They are administered as an island region of the municipality of Shanghai's Pudong New Area. These shoals and the submerged land surrounding ...

Nanhui New City Nanhui New City () is a planned city located in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai, China. It was formerly called Lingang New City (临港新城) until it was renamed in April 2012. Construction began in 2003 and is scheduled to be completed in 20 ...

, and the Shanghai Disney Resort.

History

''Pudong''—literally "The East Bank of the Huangpu River"—originally referred only to the less-developed land across from Shanghai's

Old City Old City often refers to old town, the historic or original core of a city or town. Old City may refer to several places: Historical cities or regions of cities ''(by country)'' *Old City (Baku), Azerbaijan * Old City (Dhaka), Bangladesh, also ca ...

and foreign concessions. The area was mainly farmland and only slowly developed, with warehouses and wharfs near the shore administered by the districts of Puxi on the west bank: Huangpu, Yangpu, and Nanshi. Pudong was originally established as a county in 1958 until 1961 which the county was split among Huangpu, Yangpu, Nanshi, Wusong and Chuansha County. On October 1, 1992 the original area of Pudong County and Chuansha County merged and established Pudong New Area. In 1993, the Chinese government set up a Special Economic Zone in Chuansha, creating the Pudong New Area. The western tip of the Pudong district was designated as the Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone and has become a financial hub of modern China. Several landmark buildings were constructed, including the Oriental Pearl Tower, and the supertall Jin Mao Building (), Shanghai World Financial Center () and Shanghai Tower (), the world's first trio of adjacent supertall skyscrapers. These buildings—all along Century Avenue and visible from the historic Bund—now form the most common skyline of Shanghai. On May 6, 2009, it was disclosed that the

State Council State Council may refer to: Government * State Council of the Republic of Korea, the national cabinet of South Korea, headed by the President * State Council of the People's Republic of China, the national cabinet and chief administrative autho ...

had approved the proposal to merge Nanhui District with Pudong and comprise the majority of eastern Shanghai. In 2010, Pudong was host to the main venues of the Shanghai Expo, whose grounds now form a public park. Pudong New Area consist of the original Pudong County (northeastern portion of Shanghai County), Chuansha County, and Nanhui County.

Government

Districts of the Direct-Controlled Municipality of

are administratively on the same level as

prefecture-level cities A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. During the Republican era, many of China' ...

. However, the government of Pudong has a status equivalent to that of a sub-provincial city, which is a half-level above a prefecture-level city. This is due to Pudong's size and importance as the financial hub of China. The Pudong Communist Party Secretary is the top office of the district, followed by the district governor of Pudong. The Pudong party chief is customarily also a member of the Shanghai Party Standing Committee. On April 27, 2015, the People's Government of Pudong New Area is working with China (Shanghai) Pilot Free-Trade Zone Administrative Committee.

Demographics

Pudong is bounded by the Huangpu River in the west and the East China Sea in the east. Pudong is distinguished from Puxi ("West Bank"), the older part of

. It has an area of and according to the 2010 Census, a population of 5,044,430 inhabitants, 1.9 million more than in 2000. Currently, at least 2.1 million of residents of Pudong are newcomers from other provinces or cities in China. Pudong is the most populous district in

. According to the 2010 Census, it has 5,044,430 people in 1,814,802 families, around 1/4 of Shanghai's total population, an explosive growth since the last census thanks to immigrants.Summary of Pudong Data from the Sixth National Population Census http://gov.pudong.gov.cn/pudongNews_inform/Info/Detail_365360.htm Pudong's resident population growth is well above national average because it is a popular immigration destination. The 2010 census shows a 58.26% increase in the last decade, or an annual pace of 4.7%. In particular, the district saw am immigration growth of 189.5%, or an annual pace of 11.22%. Excluding immigrants, the birth rate is 0.806% while the death rate is 0.729, resulting a net growth of 0.077%. The total fertility rate is 1.03, well below the replacement level. The district actually has a negative registered household population growth if immigrants are excluded, thus the growth is purely driven by immigration. The 2010 Census shows a population density of 3,909/km². About 3/4 of the population live in the northern part and part of city center called "Northern Territory". 1/4 live in the "Southern Territory" that was the Nanhui District. The Northern Territory has a 6,667 population density, while the Southern Territory has 1,732/km². Suburbs saw a greater increase in population during 2000–2010 with the help of the city's suburb expansion policy. Some counties in the traditional city center saw a population decrease.

Subdistricts and towns

** – Liuzao town merged into Chuanshaxin town. *** –

Luchaogang Nanhui New City () is a planned city located in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai, China. It was formerly called Lingang New City (临港新城) until it was renamed in April 2012. Construction began in 2003 and is scheduled to be completed in 20 ...

town and

Shengang Subdistrict Shengang can refer to the following places: China * (申港街道), Jiangyin, Wuxi, Jiangsu * (申港街道), Pudong, Shanghai Taiwan *Shengang, Changhua Shengang Township () is a rural township in Changhua County, Taiwan. Geography Shengang ...

merged and form Nanhui Xincheng town.

Education

Universities and higher education

Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai Maritime University (SMU; ) is a public university in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Shanghai Maritime University is multidisciplinary with six fields of study: Engineering, Management, Economics, Literature, Science and Law ...

* Shanghai Dianji University *

Shanghai Fisheries University Shanghai Ocean University () is a public university in Shanghai, China. The university changed its name to the current name on 6 May 2008, authorized by the Ministry of Education The People's Republic of China, and the whole school was to b ...

* China Executive Leadership Academy in Pudong *

Fudan University Fudan University () is a national public research university in Shanghai, China. Fudan is a member of the C9 League, Project 985, Project 211, and the Double First Class University identified by the Ministry of Education of China. It is ...

in Zhangjiang * New York University Shanghai * ShanghaiTech University

Primary and secondary schools

Public schools: * No. 2 High School Attached to East China Normal University *

Jianping High School Jianping High School is a high school based in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China. Founded in 1944 by local intellectuals, the school was awarded "key high school" in Shanghai in 1978 by Shanghai Bureau of Education Shanghai (; , , Standard ...

Dongchang High School of ECNU Dongchang may refer to: *Eastern Depot, a Ming dynasty secret police agency *Dongchang District, a district in Tonghua, Jilin, China **Dongchang Subdistrict, a subdistrict in Dongchang District * Dongchang, Sichuan (董场), a town in Dayi County, ...

Pudong Foreign Languages School of Shanghai International Studies University Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city ...

International schools: * Dulwich College Shanghai * French School of Shanghai Pudong Campus *

Nord Anglia International School Shanghai Pudong Nord Anglia International School Shanghai, Pudong (NAIS Pudong, ) is an international school in Shanghai, China. The school opened in 2002 and has a sister campus in Puxi. The school was formerly known as The British International School Shangha ...

* German School Shanghai Pudong Campus * Shanghai American School Pudong Campus *

Shanghai Japanese School The Shanghai Japanese School (SJS) is a Japanese international school serving primary and junior high school levels in Shanghai. It has two campuses, one in Hongqiao and one in Pudong. The school's teachers are Japanese citizens.

(SJS) Pudong Campus (elementary and junior high), and SJS Senior High School *

Wellington College International Shanghai Wellington College International Shanghai is a co-educational day and boarding school with over 1,100 pupils, aged 3 to 18 years old. Wellington shares its not-for-profit status and royal foundation with its sister school, Wellington College in ...

* Concordia International School Shanghai Pudong Campus Other private schools: *

Shanghai Gold Apple Bilingual School Shanghai Gold Apple Bilingual School ( "Shanghai City Private Gold Apple School") is a private boarding school A boarding school is a school where pupils live within premises while being given formal instruction. The word "boarding" is used ...

* Shanghai Shangde Experimental School *

Shanghai Pinghe School Shanghai Pinghe School (or Shanghai Pinghe Bilingual School, Chinese: , 上海市民办平和学校) is a private, boarding school in Shanghai, China. The school is located in Jinqiao, Pudong. The school consists of an elementary school department ...

Economy

With the Nanhui District merger in May 2009, the size of Pudong's economy grew. The district's 2015

gross domestic product Gross domestic product (GDP) is a money, monetary Measurement in economics, measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjec ...

amounts to an estimated 789.8 billion RMB (~US$113.5 billion), with services comprising 70% of economic output. Its GDP per capita in terms of

purchasing power parity Purchasing power parity (PPP) is the measurement of prices in different countries that uses the prices of specific goods to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies. PPP is effectively the ratio of the price of a baske ...

is approximately $50,783. The area is divided into four distinct economic districts. Apart from Lujiazui Trade and Finance Zone, there is Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, the largest free trade zone in

mainland China "Mainland China" is a geopolitical term defined as the territory governed by the People's Republic of China (including islands like Hainan or Chongming), excluding dependent territories of the PRC, and other territories within Greater Chin ...

covering approximately in north-east Pudong. The

Jinqiao Export Processing Zone Jinqiao () is a town of Pudong, Shanghai, China. It is in the middle of Pudong, with Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park on its south, Huangpu River at its north, overlooking Lujiazui Financial and Trade Center to its west. On its north side, is Waigaoqiao F ...

is another major industrial area in Pudong covering Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park is a special area for technology-oriented businesses. The Pudong area continues to experience rapid development, especially in the commercial sector, with 1.3 million square meters of prime office space reaching completion in 2008, more than the previous two years combined. Pudong has also attracted considerable fixed asset and real estate investment, reporting 87.268 billion RMB in fixed asset investment and 27.997 billion RMB in real estate investment in 2008. Pudong area of Shanghai, at night

The newest Disney resort, with a

Disneyland Disneyland is a theme park in Anaheim, California. Opened in 1955, it was the first theme park opened by The Walt Disney Company and the only one designed and constructed under the direct supervision of Walt Disney. Disney initially envisi ...

included, is located in Pudong, which is open to tourists in June 2016.

Businesses

Bao Steel has its head office in the Bao Steel Tower () in Pudong. Comac has its head office in Pudong. The headquarters of

Yangtze River Express Suparna Airlines, known in Chinese as Jinpeng (), is an airline based in China. It was formerly known as ''Yangtze River Express'' and later ''Yangtze River Airlines'' after launching passenger services. The company's headquarters are in Shanghai ...

, a cargo airline, are in the Pufa Tower () in Pudong. Hang Seng Bank has its mainland offices in the Hang Seng Bank Tower in Pudong. Kroll has an office in the Hang Seng Bank Tower.

Google Google LLC () is an American Multinational corporation, multinational technology company focusing on Search Engine, search engine technology, online advertising, cloud computing, software, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, ar ...

has its Shanghai offices in the Shanghai World Financial Center.Google locations
"

. Retrieved on May 25, 2016. "Google Shanghai 60F, Shanghai World Financial Center 100 Century Avenue, Pudong New Area Shanghai 200120, China"

Transportation

The Shanghai Pudong International Airport opened its doors in 1999, shortening the travel time for visitors. In the same year,

Line 2 Line 2 or 2 Line may refer to: Public transport Americas *2 (New York City Subway service), a rapid transit service in the A Division of the New York City Subway *2 Line (Sound Transit), a light rail line in Seattle, Washington *Line 2 Bloor–Dan ...

of the Shanghai Metro commenced services. An extension brought the line further east, where it serves the

airport An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport. Airports usually consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surfa ...

. Other lines, namely Lines 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 16 also have sections that serve parts of Pudong. A

magnetic levitation train Maglev (derived from ''magnetic levitation''), is a system of train transportation that uses two sets of electromagnets: one set to repel and push the train up off the track, and another set to move the elevated train ahead, taking advantage ...

began operating in 2004, moving passengers between the airport and Longyang Road Metro station. Pudong is connected to Puxi by several tunnels and four major

bridge A bridge is a structure built to span a physical obstacle (such as a body of water, valley, road, or rail) without blocking the way underneath. It is constructed for the purpose of providing passage over the obstacle, which is usually somethi ...

s. The first of these bridges were the Nanpu Bridge (1991) and the Yangpu Bridge (1993). The

Xupu Bridge The Xupu Bridge (), is a cable-stayed bridge over the Huangpu River in Shanghai, China, so named because it connects the city's Xuhui and Pudong districts. It opened in 1997 and carries 8 lanes of the S20 Outer Ring Expressway. See also * List ...

opened in 1996. The latest of these is Lupu Bridge, which is the world's second longest

arch bridge An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side. A viaduct (a ...

and was completed in 2002. Currently there are five tunnels that link the two sides, Dapu Rd. Tunnel, the first tunnel across the Huangpu River, Yan'an Rd. Tunnel, running east–west, and Dalian Rd. Tunnel, running north–south,

Fuxing Rd. Fuxing may refer to: *Fu star (福星), or Fuxing, Chinese deity *Fuxing (train) (复兴号, meaning "Rejuvenation"), China Standardized EMU operated by China Railway High-speed (CRH) *Fuxing Road (disambiguation) *Chinese compound surname (複姓) ...

Tunnel, complementing the Yan'an Rd. Tunnel, Waihuan Tunnel, one part of Shanghai Outer Ring Express. Two new tunnels linking Lujiazui to Puxi are under construction. Roads in Pudong have no particular longitudinal or latitudinal orientation. Major thoroughfares Pudong Avenue, Zhangyang Road and Yanggao Road run east–west until Yangpu Bridge before turning gradually to become north–south. Century Avenue crosses all three major roads and extends from Lujiazui to Century Park. Yanggao Road extends south to the A20, Shanghai's outer Ring road, which runs east–west from

and then north–south beginning at the interchange near Renxi Village, when the east–west expressway turns into Yingbin Avenue, headed for Pudong International Airport.

Metro

Pudong is currently served by ten metro lines and one tram line operated by Shanghai Metro and one maglev line operated by Shanghai Maglev Train and one suburban line operated by

China Railway China State Railway Group Company, Ltd., doing business as China Railway (CR), is the national passenger and freight railroad corporation of the People's Republic of China. China Railway operates passenger and freight transport throughout Ch ...

: * - Lujiazui , Dongchang Road, Century Avenue , Shanghai Science and Technology Museum, Century Park, Longyang Road , Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Jinke Road, Guanglan Road, Tangzhen, Middle Chuangxin Road, East Huaxia Road, Chuansha, Lingkong Road, Yuandong Avenue, Haitiansan Road, Pudong International Airport * - Pudong Avenue , Century Avenue , Pudian Road , Lancun Road , Tangqiao * - Gangcheng Road , North Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Hangjin Road, South Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Zhouhai Road, Wuzhou Avenue, Dongjing Road, Jufeng Road , Wulian Road, Boxing Road, Jinqiao Road, Yunshan Road , Deping Road, Beiyangjing Road, Minsheng Road , Yuanshen Stadium, Century Avenue , Pudian Road , Lancun Road , Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Linyi Xincun, West Gaoke Road , Dongming Road , Gaoqing Road, West Huaxia Road, Shangnan Road, South Lingyan Road, Oriental Sports Center * - Houtan, Changqing Road , Yaohua Road , Yuntai Road, West Gaoke Road , South Yanggao Road, Jinxiu Road, Fanghua Road, Longyang Road , Huamu Road * - China Art Museum, Yaohua Road , Chengshan Road , Yangsi, Oriental Sports Center , Lingzhao Xincun Station * - Shangcheng Road, Century Avenue , Middle Yanggao Road , Fangdian Road, Lantian Road , Taierzhuang Road, Jinqiao, Jinji Road, Jinhai Road , Gutang Road, Minlei Road, Caolu * - Shuangjiang Road, West Gaoqiao, Gaoqiao, Gangcheng Road , Jilong Road * - Disney Resort, Kangxin Highway, Xiuyan Road, Luoshan Road , Yuqiao , Pusan Road, East Sanlin, Sanlin, Oriental Sports Center * - Donglu Road, Jufeng Road , North Yanggao Road, Jinjing Road, Shenjiang Road, Jinhai Road * - Shibo Avenue, Changqing Road , Chengshan Road , Dongming Road , Huapeng Road, Xianan Road, Beicai, Chenchun Road, Lianxi Road , Middle Huaxia Road , Zhongke Road, Xuelin Road, Zhangjiang Road * - Lujiazui , South Pudong Road, Pudong Avenue , Yuanshen Road, Changyi Road , Xiepu Road, Longju Road, Yunshan Road , Lantian Road , Huangyang Road, Yunshun Road, Pudong Football Stadium, Jinyue Road, Guiqiao Road * - Longyang Road , Middle Huaxia Road , Luoshan Road , East Zhoupu, Heshahangcheng, East Hangtou, Xinchang, Wild Animal Park,

Huinan Huinan County () is a county of southwestern Jilin province, China. It is under the administration of Tonghua City, with a population of 350,000 residing in an area of . Administrative divisions There are 10 towns and one ethnic township. Towns: ...

, East Huinan, Shuyuan, Lingang Avenue, Dishui Lake * - Changyi Road , Minsheng Road , Middle Yanggao Road , Yingchun Road, Longyang Road , Fangxin Road, Beizhong Road, Lianxi Road , Yuqiao , Kangqiao, Zhoupu, Fanrong Road, Shenmei Road, Hetao Road, Xiasha, Hangtou * - Longyang Road , Pudong International Airport * Zhangjiang Tram - Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park Station, Bibo Road-Gaoke Road Station, *Huatuo Road-Daerwen Road Station, Huatuo Road Keyuan-Road Station, Cailun Road-Jinke Road Station, Cailun Road-Halei Road, Gebaini Road-Libing Road, Ziwei Road-Gaosi Road, Gaosi Road-Zhangjiang Road, Zhangjiang Middle School, Guanglan Road-Zuchongzhi Road Station, Guanglan Road=Dangui Road Station, Dangui Road-Qingtong Road, Dangui Road-Zhangdong Road, Zhangdong Road–Jinqiu Road * -

, Situan

Gallery

File:The Oriental Pearl Radio & Television Tower at night.jpg, The Oriental Pearl tower at night File:Shanghai - Pudong - Lujiazui.jpg, Pudong from the Bund Image:Shanghai-pudong panorama.jpg, Panoramic view at Shanghai Pudong from the east Image:Shaghai Jin Mao.JPG, Jin Mao building File:Shanghai skyline at night, panoramic. China, East Asia-2.jpg, Shanghai's Pudong skyline towers over the Huangpu River Image:Pudong district roads traffic skyscrapers, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Pudong Image:Lujiazui skyline, Pudong, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui skyline, Pudong Image:Shanghai citic.jpg, CITIC Pacific HQ & Mandarin Oriental Image:Pudong.ogv, Pudong at night (video) Image:Shanghaipudong.jpg, Pudong at night with Oriental Pearl Tower Image:Shanghai (Huang Pu River at Night) 046.jpg, Huangpu River at night. “Better City, Better Life” is the theme of Expo 2010. Image:Shanghai pudong.jpg, View of Pudong area at night time Image:Shanghai oriental pearl tower.JPG, View of the Oriental Pearl Tower File:OrientalPearlTower feet.JPG, Ship in Front of Oriental Pearl Tower File:Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower.JPG, Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower File:Lujiazui at night, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui at night File:Night view from the Bund.jpg, Lujiazui at night File:Shanghai China 9Mar2018 SkySat.jpg, Satellite image of Shanghai's Pudong district.

Twin towns — sister cities

Pudong is

twinned Twinning (making a twin of) may refer to: * In biology and agriculture, producing two offspring (i.e., twins) at a time, or having a tendency to do so; * Twin towns and sister cities, towns and cities involved in town twinning * Twinning inst ...

with: * Beverly Hills,

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...

Kuopio Kuopio (, ) is a Finnish city and municipality located in the region of Northern Savonia. It has a population of , which makes it the most populous municipality in Finland. Along with Joensuu, Kuopio is one of the major urban, economic, and cult ...

Climate

Pudong has a humid subtropical climate (

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, nota ...

''Cfa''). The average annual temperature in Pudong is . The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around .

References

External links

Pudong government website

Pudong business site

Flickr: Photos tagged with pudong

{{Authority control New areas (China) Districts of Shanghai Special Economic Zones of China Central business districts in China Articles containing video clips