This is a list of

free and open-source software Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software available under a license that grants users the right to use, modify, and distribute the software modified or not to everyone free of charge. FOSS is an inclusive umbrella term encompassing free ...

(FOSS) packages,

computer software Software consists of computer programs that instruct the Execution (computing), execution of a computer. Software also includes design documents and specifications. The history of software is closely tied to the development of digital comput ...

licensed under

free software license A free-software license is a notice that grants the recipient of a piece of software extensive rights to modify and redistribute that software. These actions are usually prohibited by copyright law, but the rights-holder (usually the author) ...

s and

open-source license Open-source licenses are software licenses that allow content to be used, modified, and shared. They facilitate free and open-source software (FOSS) development. Intellectual property (IP) laws restrict the modification and sharing of creative ...

s. Software that fits

the Free Software Definition ''The Free Software Definition'' is a policy document written by Richard Stallman and published by the Free Software Foundation (FSF). It defines free software as software that grants users the freedom to use, study, share, and modify the softwar ...

may be more appropriately called

free software Free software, libre software, libreware sometimes known as freedom-respecting software is computer software distributed open-source license, under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, distribut ...

; the

GNU project The GNU Project ( ) is a free software, mass collaboration project announced by Richard Stallman on September 27, 1983. Its goal is to give computer users freedom and control in their use of their computers and Computer hardware, computing dev ...

in particular objects to their works being referred to as

open-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open source model is a decentrali ...

. For more information about the philosophical background for open-source software, see

free software movement The free software movement is a social movement with the goal of obtaining and guaranteeing certain freedoms for user (computing), software users, namely the freedoms to run, study, modify, and share copies of software. Software which meets thes ...

and

Open Source Initiative The Open Source Initiative (OSI) is a California public benefit corporation "actively involved in Open Source community-building, education, and public advocacy to promote awareness and the importance of non-proprietary software". Governance The ...

. However, nearly all software meeting the Free Software Definition also meets ''

the Open Source Definition ''The Open Source Definition'' (OSD) is a policy document published by the Open Source Initiative. Derived from the Debian Free Software Guidelines written by Bruce Perens, the definition is the most common standard for open-source software. T ...

'' and vice versa. A small fraction of the software that meets either definition is listed here. Some of the open-source applications are also the basis of commercial products, shown in the List of commercial open-source applications and services.

Artificial intelligence

General AI

* OpenCog – A project that aims to build an

artificial general intelligence Artificial general intelligence (AGI)—sometimes called human‑level intelligence AI—is a type of artificial intelligence that would match or surpass human capabilities across virtually all cognitive tasks. Some researchers argue that sta ...

(AGI) framework. OpenCog Prime is a specific set of interacting components designed to give rise to human-equivalent artificial general intelligence.

Large language models

* DeepSeek - R1 reasoning model released as an open-source artificial intelligence project on January 20, 2025. * DBRX -

Open source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use and view the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open source model is a decentrali ...

LLM A large language model (LLM) is a language model trained with Self-supervised learning, self-supervised machine learning on a vast amount of text, designed for natural language processing tasks, especially Natural language generation, language g ...

* GPT-J - LLM with 6 billion parameters developed by the

nonprofit A nonprofit organization (NPO), also known as a nonbusiness entity, nonprofit institution, not-for-profit organization, or simply a nonprofit, is a non-governmental (private) legal entity organized and operated for a collective, public, or so ...

EleutherAI * GPT-1 -

OpenAI OpenAI, Inc. is an American artificial intelligence (AI) organization founded in December 2015 and headquartered in San Francisco, California. It aims to develop "safe and beneficial" artificial general intelligence (AGI), which it defines ...

LLM released under the

MIT License The MIT License is a permissive software license originating at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the late 1980s. As a permissive license, it puts very few restrictions on reuse and therefore has high license compatibility. Unl ...

in June 2018 *

GPT-2 Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 (GPT-2) is a large language model by OpenAI and the second in their foundational series of Generative pre-trained transformer, GPT models. GPT-2 was pre-trained on a dataset of 8 million web pages. It was par ...

LLM released under the

in November 2019 * XLNet -

Google Google LLC (, ) is an American multinational corporation and technology company focusing on online advertising, search engine technology, cloud computing, computer software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial ...

LLM released as an open source project in June 2019 under the Apache 2.0 license * BERT -

LLM released as an open source project in October 2018 under the Apache 2.0 license * T5 -

LLM released as an open source project in 2019 under the Apache 2.0 license

Computer vision

* AForge.NET –

computer vision Computer vision tasks include methods for image sensor, acquiring, Image processing, processing, Image analysis, analyzing, and understanding digital images, and extraction of high-dimensional data from the real world in order to produce numerical ...

artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capability of computer, computational systems to perform tasks typically associated with human intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and decision-making. It is a field of re ...

and

robotics Robotics is the interdisciplinary study and practice of the design, construction, operation, and use of robots. Within mechanical engineering, robotics is the design and construction of the physical structures of robots, while in computer s ...

library for the

.NET The .NET platform (pronounced as "''dot net"'') is a free and open-source, managed code, managed computer software framework for Microsoft Windows, Windows, Linux, and macOS operating systems. The project is mainly developed by Microsoft emplo ...

framework *

OpenCV OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library) is a Library (computing), library of programming functions mainly for Real-time computing, real-time computer vision. Originally developed by Intel, it was later supported by Willow Garage, then Itseez ...

– computer vision library in C++

Machine learning

* See List of open-source machine learning software * See

Data Mining Data mining is the process of extracting and finding patterns in massive data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems. Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and ...

below * See

R programming language R is a programming language for statistical computing and data visualization. It has been widely adopted in the fields of data mining, bioinformatics, data analysis, and data science. The core R language is extended by a large number of so ...

– packages of statistical learning and analysis tools

Planning

* TREX – Reactive planning

Robotics

* ArduPilot * CoppeliaSim *

Gazebo A gazebo is a pavilion structure, sometimes octagonal or Gun turret, turret-shaped, often built in a park, garden, or spacious public area. Some are used on occasions as bandstands. In British English, the word is also used for a tent-like can ...

* Mobile Robot Programming Toolkit * OpenRTM-aist * Paparazzi Project *

Player Project The Player Project (formerly Player/Stage Project) creates free and open-source software for research into robotics and sensor systems. Its components include the ''Player'' Computer network, network Server (computing), server and the ''Stage'' p ...

* Python Robotics *

Robot Operating System Robot Operating System (ROS or ros) is an Open-source software, open-source robotics middleware suite. Although ROS is not an operating system (OS) but a set of software frameworks for robot software software development, development, it provide ...

(ROS) * TurtleBot *

Webots Webots is a free and open-source 3D robot simulator used in industry, education and research. The Webots project started in 1996, initially developed by Dr. Olivier Michel at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerl ...

– Robot simulator

Assistive technology

Speech (synthesis and recognition)

* CMU Sphinx –

Speech recognition Speech recognition is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and computational linguistics that develops methodologies and technologies that enable the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers. It is also ...

software from

Carnegie Mellon University Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. The institution was established in 1900 by Andrew Carnegie as the Carnegie Technical Schools. In 1912, it became the Carnegie Institu ...

Emacspeak Emacspeak is a free computer application, a speech interface, and an audio desktop (as opposed to a screen reader). It employs Emacs (which is written in C), Emacs Lisp, and Tcl. Developed principally by T. V. Raman (himself blind since childh ...

– Audio desktop *

ESpeak eSpeak is a free and open-source, cross-platform, compact, software speech synthesizer. It uses a formant synthesis method, providing many languages in a relatively small file size. eSpeakNG (Next Generation) is a continuation of the original ...

– Compact software

speech synthesizer Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A computer system used for this purpose is called a speech synthesizer, and can be implemented in software or Computer hardware, hardware products. A text-to-speech (TTS) system conv ...

for English and other languages *

Festival Speech Synthesis System The Festival Speech Synthesis System is a general multi-lingual speech synthesis system originally developed by Alan W. Black, Paul Taylor and Richard Caley at the Centre for Speech Technology Research (CSTR) at the University of Edinburgh. Subs ...

– General multilingual speech synthesis * Modular Audio Recognition Framework – Voice, audio, speech NLP processing *

NonVisual Desktop Access NonVisual Desktop Access (NVDA) is a free and open-source, portable screen reader for Microsoft Windows. The project was started by Michael Curran in 2006. NVDA is programmed in Python. It utilizes accessibility APIs such as UI Automation, ...

– (NVDA)

Screen reader A screen reader is a form of assistive technology (AT) that renders text and image content as speech or braille output. Screen readers are essential to blindness, blind people, and are useful to visually impaired people, Illiteracy, illiterate, ...

, for Windows * Text2Speech – Lightweight, easy-to-use Text-To-Speech (TTS) Software

Other assistive technology

* Dasher – Unique text input software * Gnopernicus – AT suite for GNOME 2 *

Virtual Magnifying Glass Virtual Magnifying Glass is an Open-source software, open-source, screen magnifier, screen magnification tool for Microsoft Windows and Linux. Virtual Magnifying Glass is designed for the visual impairment, visually impaired and others who need ...

– A multi-platform screen magnification tool

CAD

Archimedes (CAD) Archimedes – "The Open CAD" – (also called Arquimedes) is a computer-aided design (CAD) program developed with direct input from architects and architecture firms. The program was made to create software more compatible with architectural d ...

Art of Illusion Art of Illusion is a free software, and open source software package for making 3D graphics. It provides tools for 3D modeling, texture mapping, and 3D rendering still images and animations. Art of Illusion can also export models for 3D printing ...

Blender A blender (sometimes called a mixer (from Latin ''mixus, the PPP of miscere eng. to Mix)'' or liquidiser in British English) is a kitchen and laboratory appliance used to mix, crush, purée or emulsify food and other substances. A stationary ...

BRL-CAD BRL-CAD is a constructive solid geometry (CSG) solid modeling computer-aided design (CAD) system. It includes an interactive geometry editor, Ray tracing (graphics), ray tracing support for rendering (computer graphics), graphics rendering and g ...

– a constructive solid geometry (CSG)

solid modeling Solid modeling (or solid modelling) is a consistent set of principles for mathematical and computer modeling of three-dimensional shapes '' (solids)''. Solid modeling is distinguished within the broader related areas of geometric modeling and ...

computer-aided design Computer-aided design (CAD) is the use of computers (or ) to aid in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. This software is used to increase the productivity of the designer, improve the quality of design, improve c ...

(CAD) system. *

FreeCAD FreeCAD is a general-purpose Solid_modeling#Parametric_modeling, parametric 3D computer-aided design (CAD) modeler and a building information modeling (BIM) software application with finite element method (FEM) support. It is intended for mecha ...

– Parametric 3D CAD modeler with a focus on

mechanical engineering Mechanical engineering is the study of physical machines and mechanism (engineering), mechanisms that may involve force and movement. It is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and engineering mathematics, mathematics principl ...

BIM Building information modeling (BIM) is an approach involving the generation and management of digital representations of the physical and functional characteristics of buildings or other physical assets and facilities. BIM is supported by vario ...

, and product design. *

HeeksCAD HeeksCAD is a free software computer-aided design program written in C++. It uses Open CASCADE Technology internally for the modelling and wxWidgets as its widget toolkit. HeeksCAD supports cuboids, spheres, cylinders and cones as basic 3D soli ...

LibreCAD LibreCAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) Application software, application for 2D design. It is free and open-source software, free and open-source, and available for Unix/Linux, macOS, and Microsoft Windows operating systems. Most of the inte ...

– 2D CAD software using

AutoCAD AutoCAD is a 2D and 3D computer-aided design (CAD) software application developed by Autodesk. It was first released in December 1982 for the CP/M and IBM PC platforms as a desktop app running on microcomputers with internal graphics control ...

-like interface and file format. * MakeHuman *

MeshLab MeshLab is a 3D mesh processing software system that is oriented to the management and processing of unstructured large meshes and provides a set of tools for editing, cleaning, healing, inspecting, rendering, and converting these kinds of mesh ...

Open Cascade Technology Open Cascade Technology (OCCT, formerly named CAS.CADE) is an object-oriented C++ class library for 3D computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), computer-aided engineering (CAE), etc. It is developed and supported by Op ...

(OCCT) – a CAD kernel for 3D CAD,

CAM Cam or CAM may refer to: Science and technology * Cam (mechanism), a mechanical linkage which translates motion * Camshaft, a shaft with a cam * Camera or webcam, a device that records images or video In computing * Computer-aided manufacturin ...

, CAE, etc. *

OpenSCAD OpenSCAD is a free software application for creating solid 3D computer-aided design (CAD) objects. It is a script-only based modeller that uses its own description language; the 3D preview can be manipulated interactively, but cannot be interacti ...

– A scripting-based 3D CAD software. *

QCAD QCAD is a computer-aided design (CAD) software application for 2D design and drafting. It is available for Linux, Apple macOS, Unix and Microsoft Windows. The QCAD GUI is based on the Qt framework. Description QCAD is partly released under t ...

SolveSpace SolveSpace is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source 2D/3D computer graphics, 3D Constraint (computer-aided design), constraint-based Parametric design, parametric computer-aided design (CAD) software that supports basic Sketch-bas ...

– 2D and 3D CAD, constraint-based parametric modeler with simple mechanical simulation abilities. * Sweet Home 3D * Wings 3D

Computer-aided engineering (CAE)

* Advanced Simulation Library * ASCEND * DWSIM * Elmer FEM solver *

Gmsh Gmsh is a finite-element mesh generator developed by Christophe Geuzaine and Jean-François Remacle. Released under the GNU General Public License, Gmsh is free software. Gmsh contains 4 modules: for geometry description, meshing, solving and p ...

MapleSim MapleSim is a Modelica-based, multi-domain modeling and simulation tool developed by Maplesoft. MapleSim generates model equations, runs simulations, and performs analyses using the symbolic and numeric mathematical engine of Maple. Models are c ...

Modelica Modelica is an object-oriented, declarative, multi-domain modeling language for component-oriented modeling of complex systems, e.g., systems containing mechanical, electrical, electronic, hydraulic, thermal, control, electric power or process ...

* OpenSim *

OpenFOAM OpenFOAM (Open Field Operation And Manipulation) is a C++ toolbox for the development of customized numerical solvers, and pre-/post-processing utilities for the solution of continuum mechanics problems, most prominently including computation ...

Project Chrono Project Chrono is a physics engine developed by University of Parma, University of Wisconsin-Madison and members of its open source community. It supports simulating rigid body dynamics, rigid and soft body dynamics, collision detection, vehicle ...

Salome Salome (; , related to , "peace"; ), also known as Salome III, was a Jews, Jewish princess, the daughter of Herod II and princess Herodias. She was granddaughter of Herod the Great and stepdaughter of Herod Antipas. She is known from the New T ...

* SimScale * SU2 code

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

Subtractive

* LinuxCNC *

Path Workbench

Additive Manufacturing 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...

Cura Cura or CURA may refer to: Music * ''Cura'' (album), 2018 Keys N Krates release * Cura (instrument), Turkish musical instrument Organizations * Center for Urban and Regional Analysis (CURA), Ohio State University * Institute on Culture, Re ...

Slic3r Slic3r is free software 3D slicing engine for 3D printers. It generates G-code from 3D CAD files (STL or OBJ). Once finished, an appropriate G-code file for the production of the 3D modeled part, or object is sent to the 3D printer for the ma ...

OctoPrint OctoPrint is an open source 3D printer controller application, which provides a web interface for the connected printers. It displays printers' status and key parameters and allows users to schedule prints and remotely control the printer. Hi ...

Marlin Marlins are fish from the family Istiophoridae, which includes between 9 and 11 species, depending on the taxonomic authority. Name The family's common name is thought to derive from their resemblance to a sailor's marlinspike. Taxonomy T ...

Klipper Klipper is a clipboard manager for the KDE interface. It allows users of Unix-like operating systems running the KDE desktop environment to access a history of Wayland and X Selections, any item of which can be reselected for pasting. It can al ...

* Repetier-Host *

AstroPrint AstroPrint is a cloud platform and application marketplace designed for consumer 3D printing by 3DaGoGo Inc., a private San Diego–based technology company. AstroPrint develops software to enable the management of desktop 3D printing, 3D prin ...

Electronic design automation (EDA)

Electric Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...

FreePCB FreePCB is a printed circuit board (PCB) electronic design automation program for Microsoft Windows, written by Allan Wright. It is free and open-source software released under a GNU General Public License. Features The program supports up t ...

Fritzing Fritzing is an open-source software, open-source initiative to develop amateur or hobby CAD software for the Electronic design automation, design of electronics hardware, intended to allow designers and artists to build more permanent circuits fro ...

– a CAD software for the design of electronics hardware to build more permanent circuits from prototypes *

gEDA The term gEDA refers to two things: # A set of software applications ( CAD tools) used for electronic design released under the GPL. As such, gEDA is an ECAD (electronic CAD) or EDA (electronic design automation) application suite. gEDA ...

* GNU Circuit Analysis Package (Gnucap) *

Icarus Verilog Icarus Verilog is an implementation of the Verilog hardware description language compiler that generates netlists in the desired format ( EDIF) and a simulator. It supports the 1995, 2001 and 2005 versions of the standard, portions of SystemVer ...

KiCad KiCad ( ) is a free software suite for electronic design automation (EDA). It facilitates the design and simulation of electronic hardware for PCB manufacturing. It features an integrated environment for schematic capture, Printed circuit boar ...

– a suite for electronic design automation (EDA) for schematic capture, PCB layout, manufacturing file viewing, SPICE simulation, and engineering calculation *

KTechLab KTechLab is an IDE for electronic and PIC microcontroller circuit design and simulation; it is a circuit designer with auto-routing and a simulator of common electronic components and logic elements. KTechLab is free and open-source software ...

Magic Magic or magick most commonly refers to: * Magic (supernatural), beliefs and actions employed to influence supernatural beings and forces ** ''Magick'' (with ''-ck'') can specifically refer to ceremonial magic * Magic (illusion), also known as sta ...

Ngspice ''Ngspice'' is an open-source mixed-level/ mixed-signal electronic circuit simulator. It is a successor of the latest stable release of Berkeley SPICE, version 3f.5, which was released in 1993. A small group of maintainers and the user community ...

* pcb-rnd *

Oregano Oregano (, ; ''Origanum vulgare'') is a species of flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It was native to the Mediterranean region, but widely naturalised elsewhere in the temperate climate, temperate Northern Hemisphere. Oregano is a ...

* Quite Universal Circuit Simulator (QUCS) *

Verilator Verilator is a software programming tool which converts the hardware description language Verilog to a cycle-accurate behavioral model in the programming languages C++ or SystemC. The generated models are cycle-accurate and 2-state; as a conse ...

XCircuit XCircuit is a schematic capture program for drawing publication-quality VLSI electrical circuit schematic diagrams and related figures. It's part of the Open Circuit Design tools. It's primarily intended for ULSI/VLSI IC design and not for PCB ...

Computer simulation

–

3D computer graphics 3D computer graphics, sometimes called Computer-generated imagery, CGI, 3D-CGI or three-dimensional Computer-generated imagery, computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian coor ...

software toolset used for creating

animated films Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animati ...

visual effects Visual effects (sometimes abbreviated as VFX) is the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production. The integration of live-action footage and other live-action fo ...

, art,

3D printed 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...

models, and

motion graphics Motion graphics (sometimes mograph) are pieces of animation or digital footage that create the illusion of motion or rotation, and are usually combined with audio for use in multimedia projects. Motion graphics are usually displayed via electro ...

. *

FreeCad FreeCAD is a general-purpose Solid_modeling#Parametric_modeling, parametric 3D computer-aided design (CAD) modeler and a building information modeling (BIM) software application with finite element method (FEM) support. It is intended for mecha ...

, equivalent of Blender, towards to mechanical engineering *

– open-source software used for

computational fluid dynamics Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid dynamics, fluid flows. Computers are used to perform the calculations required ...

(or CFD). *

FlightGear ''FlightGear Flight Simulator'' (often shortened to ''FlightGear'' or ''FGFS'') is a free, open source multi-platform flight simulator developed by the project since 1997. David Murr started this project on April 8, 1996. This project had ...

''-'' atmospheric and orbital flight simulator with a flight dynamics engine (JSBSim) that is used in a 2015 NASA benchmark to judge new simulation code to space industry standards. *

SimPy Simpy was a web-based personal and social bookmarking service. The service launched in May 2004. In 2010, it was acquired by Reuters and ceased operation as a social bookmarking site in April of that year. Service features Simpy uses tags and ta ...

– Queue-theoretic event-based simulator written in

Python Python may refer to: Snakes * Pythonidae, a family of nonvenomous snakes found in Africa, Asia, and Australia ** ''Python'' (genus), a genus of Pythonidae found in Africa and Asia * Python (mythology), a mythical serpent Computing * Python (prog ...

– a generic platform for Pre- and Post-Processing for numerical simulation

Cybersecurity

Antivirus

ClamAV ClamAV (Clam AntiVirus) is a free software, cross-platform antimalware toolkit able to detect many types of malware, including viruses. It was developed for Unix and has third party versions available for AIX, BSD, HP-UX, Linux, macOS, OpenVMS, ...

– cross-platform antimalware toolkit written in C and C++, able to detect many types of malware including

viruses A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almo ...

ClamWin ClamWin Free Antivirus was a free and open-source antivirus software, antivirus tool for Windows. It provides a graphical user interface to the Clam AntiVirus engine. The software has not been updated since 2021. Features * Scanning scheduler ( ...

–

free and open-source Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software available under a Software license, license that grants users the right to use, modify, and distribute the software modified or not to everyone free of charge. FOSS is an inclusive umbrella term ...

antivirus tool for

Windows Windows is a Product lining, product line of Proprietary software, proprietary graphical user interface, graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Microsoft. It is grouped into families and subfamilies that cater to particular sec ...

and written in C, C++ *

Lynis Lynis is an extensible security audit tool for computer systems running Linux, FreeBSD, macOS, OpenBSD, Solaris, and other Unix derivatives. It assists system administrators and security professionals with scanning a system and its security defen ...

– Security audit tool (set of shell scripts) for

Unix Unix (, ; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multi-user computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, whose development started in 1969 at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, a ...

and

Linux Linux ( ) is a family of open source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an kernel (operating system), operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically package manager, pac ...

Data loss prevention

* MyDLP

Data recovery

* dvdisaster * ddrescue * Foremost *

PhotoRec PhotoRec is a free and open-source utility software for data recovery with text-based user interface using data carving techniques, designed to recover lost files from various digital camera memory, hard disk and CD-ROM. It can recover the files ...

* TestDisk

Forensics

The Coroner's Toolkit The Coroner's Toolkit (or TCT) is a suite of free computer security programs by Dan Farmer and Wietse Venema for digital forensic analysis. The suite runs under several Unix-related operating systems: FreeBSD, OpenBSD, BSD/OS, SunOS/Solaris ...

The Sleuth Kit The Sleuth Kit (TSK) is a Open-source software, open-source Library (computing), library and collection of utilities for Unix-like operating systems and Microsoft Windows, Windows that is used for extracting and parsing data from disk drives and ...

=Anti-forensics

= * USBKill * Tails *

BusKill BusKill is an open-source hardware and open-source software, software project that designs computer kill cords to protect the Information security#Confidentiality, confidentiality of the system's data from physical theft. The hardware designs are ...

Disk erasing

* DBAN * srm

Encryption

Bouncy Castle Bounce or The Bounce may refer to: * Deflection (physics), the event where an object collides with and bounces against a plane surface Books * Mr. Bounce, a character from the Mr. Men series of children's books Broadcasting, film and TV * '' ...

GnuPG GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG or GPG) is a free-software replacement for Symantec's cryptographic software suite PGP. The software is compliant with the now obsoleted , the IETF standards-track specification of OpenPGP. Modern versions of PGP are ...

GnuTLS GnuTLS (, the GNU Transport Layer Security Library) is a free software implementation of the TLS, SSL and DTLS protocols. It offers an application programming interface (API) for applications to enable secure communication over the network tran ...

* KGPG *

NaCl Sodium chloride , commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chloride ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic, and occurs as the mineral hali ...

OpenSSL OpenSSL is a software library for applications that provide secure communications over computer networks against eavesdropping, and identify the party at the other end. It is widely used by Internet servers, including the majority of HTTPS web ...

Seahorse A seahorse (also written ''sea-horse'' and ''sea horse'') is any of 46 species of small marine Osteichthyes, bony fish in the genus ''Hippocampus''. The genus name comes from the Ancient Greek (), itself from () meaning "horse" and () meanin ...

Signal A signal is both the process and the result of transmission of data over some media accomplished by embedding some variation. Signals are important in multiple subject fields including signal processing, information theory and biology. In ...

stunnel Stunnel is an open-source multi-platform application used to provide a universal TLS/SSL tunneling service. Stunnel is used to provide secure encrypted connections for clients or servers that do not speak TLS or SSL natively. It runs on a va ...

TextSecure TextSecure was an encrypted messaging application for Android that was developed from 2010 to 2015. It was a predecessor to Signal and the first application to use the Signal Protocol, which has since been implemented into WhatsApp and other app ...

wolfCrypt wolfSSL is a small, portable, embedded SSL/TLS library targeted for use by embedded systems developers. It is an open source implementation of TLS (SSL 3.0, TLS 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and DTLS 1.0, 1.2, and 1.3) written in the C programming langu ...

7-Zip 7-Zip is a free and open-source file archiver, a utility used to place groups of files within compressed containers known as "archives". It is developed by Igor Pavlov and was first released in 1999. 7-Zip has its own Archive file, archive forma ...

Disk encryption

dm-crypt dm-crypt is a transparent block device encryption subsystem in Linux kernel versions 2.6 and later and in DragonFly BSD. It is part of the device mapper (dm) infrastructure, and uses cryptographic routines from the kernel's Crypto API. Unlike ...

FreeOTFE FreeOTFE is a discontinued open source computer program for on-the-fly disk encryption (OTFE). On Microsoft Windows, and Windows Mobile (using FreeOTFE4PDA), it can create a virtual drive within a file or partition, to which anything written i ...

and FreeOTFE Explorer * eCryptfs *

VeraCrypt VeraCrypt is a free and open-source utility for on-the-fly encryption (OTFE). The software can create a virtual encrypted disk that works just like a regular disk but within a file. It can also encrypt a partition or (in Windows) the entire sto ...

Firewall

Firewalld firewalld is a firewall management tool for Linux operating systems. It provides firewall features by acting as a front-end for the Linux kernel's netfilter framework. firewalld's current default backend is nftables. Prior to v0.6.0, iptables ...

Uncomplicated Firewall Uncomplicated Firewall (UFW) is a program for managing a netfilter Firewall (computing), firewall designed to be easy to use. It uses a command-line interface consisting of a small number of simple commands, and uses iptables for configuration. U ...

(ufw) * Firestarter * IPFilter * ipfw *

iptables iptables is a user-space utility program that allows a system administrator to configure the IP packet filter rules of the Linux kernel firewall, implemented as different Netfilter modules. The filters are organized in a set of tables, whi ...

nftables nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification of network packets/datagrams/frames. It has been available since Linux kernel 3.13 released on 19 January 2014. nftables replaces the legacy iptables component of ...

M0n0wall m0n0wall was an embedded firewall (networking), firewall distribution of FreeBSD, one of the Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD operating system descendants. It provided a small image which could be put on flash memory, Compact Flash cards as w ...

* PeerGuardian * PF *

pfSense pfSense is a firewall/ router computer software distribution based on FreeBSD. The open source pfSense Community Edition (CE) and pfSense Plus is installed on a physical computer or a virtual machine In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is ...

OPNsense __NOTOC__ OPNsense is an open source, FreeBSD-based firewall and routing software developed by Deciso, a company in the Netherlands that makes hardware and sells support packages for OPNsense. Launched in 2015, it is a Fork_(software_development) ...

Rope A rope is a group of yarns, Plying, plies, fibres, or strands that are plying, twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form. Ropes have high tensile strength and can be used for dragging and lifting. Rope is thicker and stronger ...

Shorewall Shorewall is an open source firewall tool for Linux that builds upon the Netfilter (iptables/ipchains) system built into the Linux kernel, making it easier to manage more complex configuration schemes by providing a higher level of abstractio ...

SmoothWall Smoothwall (formerly styled as SmoothWall) is a Linux distribution designed to be used as an open source firewall. Smoothwall is configured via a web-based GUI and requires little or no knowledge of Linux to install or use. Smoothwall is also ...

* Vyatta * VyOS

Network and security monitoring

* Snort – Network

intrusion detection system An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a device or software application that monitors a network or systems for malicious activity or policy violations. Any intrusion activity or violation is typically either reported to an administrator or collec ...

(IDS) and intrusion prevention system (IPS) *

OpenVAS OpenVAS (''Open Vulnerability Assessment Scanner'', originally known as ''GNessUs'') is the scanner component of Greenbone Vulnerability Management (GVM), a software framework of several services and tools offering vulnerability scanning and vuln ...

– software framework of several services and tools offering

vulnerability Vulnerability refers to "the quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally." The understanding of social and environmental vulnerability, as a methodological approach, involves ...

scanning and

vulnerability management Vulnerability management is the "cyclical practice of identifying, classifying, prioritizing, remediating, and mitigating" software vulnerabilities. Vulnerability management is integral to computer security and network security, and must not be ...

Secure Shell (SSH)

* Cyberduck –

macOS macOS, previously OS X and originally Mac OS X, is a Unix, Unix-based operating system developed and marketed by Apple Inc., Apple since 2001. It is the current operating system for Apple's Mac (computer), Mac computers. With ...

and Windows client (since version 4.0) * Lsh – Server and client, with support for SRP and Kerberos authentication * OpenSSH – Client and server *

PuTTY PuTTY () is a free and open-source terminal emulator, serial console and network file transfer application. It supports several network protocols, including SCP, SSH, Telnet, rlogin, and raw socket connection. It can also connect to a se ...

– Client-only

Password management

Bitwarden Bitwarden is a freemium open-source password management service that is used to store sensitive information, such as website credentials, in an encrypted vault. Functionalities Bitwarden uses zero-knowledge encryption, meaning the compa ...

KeePass KeePass Password Safe is a free and open-source password manager primarily for Windows. It officially supports macOS and Linux operating systems through the use of Mono (software), Mono. Additionally, there are several unofficial Porting, ports ...

KeePassXC KeePassXC is a free and open-source password manager. It started as a community fork of KeePassX (itself a cross-platform port of KeePass). It is built using Qt5 libraries, making it a multi-platform application which can be run on Linux, Wi ...

(multiplatform fork able to open KeePass databases) * Password Safe * Mitro * Pass

Other cybersecurity programs

Data storage and management

Disk cleaning utilities

* BleachBit

Backup software

Database management systems (including administration)

Apache Cassandra Apache Cassandra is a free and open-source software, free and open-source database management system designed to handle large volumes of data across multiple Commodity computing, commodity servers. The system prioritizes availability and scalab ...

– A

NoSQL NoSQL (originally meaning "Not only SQL" or "non-relational") refers to a type of database design that stores and retrieves data differently from the traditional table-based structure of relational databases. Unlike relational databases, which ...

database In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software that interacts with end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and a ...

from

Apache Software Foundation The Apache Software Foundation ( ; ASF) is an American nonprofit corporation (classified as a 501(c)(3) organization in the United States) to support a number of open-source software projects. The ASF was formed from a group of developers of the ...

offers support for clusters spanning multiple datacenter *

Apache CouchDB Apache CouchDB is an open-source document-oriented NoSQL database, implemented in Erlang. CouchDB uses multiple formats and protocols to store, transfer, and process its data. It uses JSON to store data, JavaScript as its query language using ...

– A

from

with

multi-master replication Multi-master replication is a method of database replication which allows data to be stored by a group of computers, and updated by any member of the group. All members are responsive to client data queries. The multi-master replication system i ...

MariaDB MariaDB is a community-developed, commercially supported Fork (software development), fork of the MySQL relational database management system (RDBMS), intended to remain free and open-source software under the GNU General Public License. Developm ...

– A community-developed relational database management system with pluggable storage engines and commercial support *

PostGIS PostGIS ( ) is an open source software program that adds support for geographic objects to the PostgreSQL object-relational database. PostGIS follows the Simple Features for SQL specification from the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC). PostGIS is ...

– Adds support for geographic objects to the

PostgreSQL PostgreSQL ( ) also known as Postgres, is a free and open-source software, free and open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) emphasizing extensibility and SQL compliance. PostgreSQL features transaction processing, transactions ...

as per

Open Geospatial Consortium The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is an international voluntary consensus standards organization that develops and maintains international standards for geospatial content and location-based services, sensor web, Internet of Things, Geographi ...

(OGC) *

– A

relational database management system A relational database (RDB) is a database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970. A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a type of database management system that stores data in a structured for ...

emphasizes on extensibility and

SQL Structured Query Language (SQL) (pronounced ''S-Q-L''; or alternatively as "sequel") is a domain-specific language used to manage data, especially in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It is particularly useful in handling s ...

compliance and available for

FreeBSD FreeBSD is a free-software Unix-like operating system descended from the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). The first version was released in 1993 developed from 386BSD, one of the first fully functional and free Unix clones on affordable ...

, and

OpenBSD OpenBSD is a security-focused operating system, security-focused, free software, Unix-like operating system based on the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD). Theo de Raadt created OpenBSD in 1995 by fork (software development), forking NetBSD ...

Data mining

Environment for DeveLoping KDD-Applications Supported by Index-Structures ELKI (''Environment for Developing KDD-Applications Supported by Index-Structures'') is a data mining (KDD, knowledge discovery in databases) software framework developed for use in research and teaching. It was originally created by the databas ...

(ELKI) – Data mining software framework written in

Java Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia. It is bordered by the Indian Ocean to the south and the Java Sea (a part of Pacific Ocean) to the north. With a population of 156.9 million people (including Madura) in mid 2024, proje ...

with a focus on clustering and outlier detection methods *

FrontlineSMS FrontlineSMS is a free open source software used by a variety of organizations to distribute and collect information via text messaging (SMS). The software works without an internet connection and with a cell phone and computer. History The softw ...

– Information distribution and collecting via

text messaging Text messaging, or texting, is the act of composing and sending electronic messages, typically consisting of alphabetic and numeric characters, between two or more users of mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches, desktops/laptops, or ...

(

SMS Short Message Service, commonly abbreviated as SMS, is a text messaging service component of most telephone, Internet and mobile device systems. It uses standardized communication protocols that let mobile phones exchange short text messages, t ...

) * Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) *

OpenNN OpenNN (Open Neural Networks Library) is a software library written in the C++ programming language which implements neural networks, a main area of deep learning research. The library is open-source, licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public ...

– Open-source

neural network software Neural network software is used to simulate, research, develop, and apply artificial neural networks, software concepts adapted from biological neural networks, and in some cases, a wider array of adaptive systems such as artificial intelligenc ...

library written in C++ *

Orange (software) Orange is an open-source data visualization, machine learning and data mining toolkit. It features a visual programming front-end for exploratory qualitative data analysis and interactive data visualization. Description Orange is a compone ...

– Data visualization and data mining for novice and experts, through visual programming or Python scripting. Extensions for bioinformatics and text mining *

RapidMiner RapidMiner is a data science platform that analyses the collective impact of an organization's data. It was acquired by Altair Engineering in September 2022. History RapidMiner, formerly known as YALE (Yet Another Learning Environment), was deve ...

– Data mining software written in Java, fully integrating Weka, featuring 350+ operators for preprocessing, machine learning, visualization, etc. – the ''prior'' version is available as open-source * Scriptella ETL – ETL (Extract-Transform-Load) and script execution tool. Supports integration with J2EE and Spring. Provides connectors to CSV, LDAP, XML, JDBC/ODBC, and other data sources *

Weka The weka, also known as the Māori hen or woodhen (''Gallirallus australis'') is a flightless bird species of the rail family. It is endemic to New Zealand. Some authorities consider it as the only extant member of the genus '' Gallirallus''. ...

– Data mining software written in Java featuring machine learning operators for classification, regression, and clustering * JasperSoft – Data mining with programmable abstraction layer

Data Visualization Components

ParaView ParaView is an open-source multiple-platform application for interactive, scientific visualization. It has a client–server architecture to facilitate remote visualization of datasets, and generates level of detail (LOD) models to maintain in ...

– Plotting and visualization functions developed by Sandia National Laboratory; capable of massively parallel flow visualization utilizing multiple computer processors * VTK – Toolkit for 3D computer graphics, image processing, and visualisation.

Digital Asset Management software system

Disk partitioning software

GParted GParted is a GTK front-end to GNU Parted and an official GNOME partition-editing application (alongside GNOME Disks, Disks). GParted is used for creating, deleting, resizing, moving, checking, and copying Partition (computing), disk partitions a ...

* FIPS (computer program) * TestDisk

Enterprise search engines

* ApexKB, formerly known as Jumper *

Lucene Apache Lucene is a free and open-source search engine software library, originally written in Java by Doug Cutting. It is supported by the Apache Software Foundation and is released under the Apache Software License. Lucene is widely used as a ...

Nutch Apache Nutch is a highly extensible and scalable Open-source license, open source web crawler software project. Features Nutch is coded entirely in the Java (programming language), Java programming language, but data is written in language-ind ...

Solr Solr (pronounced "solar") is an open-source enterprise-search platform, written in Java. Its major features include full-text search, hit highlighting, faceted search, real-time indexing, dynamic clustering, database integration, NoSQL features ...

Xapian Xapian is a free and open-source probabilistic information retrieval library, released under the GNU General Public License (GPL). It is a full-text search engine library for programmers. It is written in C++, with bindings to allow use from P ...

ETLs (Extract Transform Load)

* Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) *

Pentaho Pentaho is the brand name for several data management software products that make up the Pentaho+ Data Platform. These include Pentaho Data Integration, Pentaho Business Analytics, Pentaho Data Catalog, and Pentaho Data Optimiser. Overview P ...

File archivers

* PeaZip *

File systems

* OpenAFS –

Distributed file system A clustered file system (CFS) is a file system which is shared by being simultaneously Mount (computing), mounted on multiple Server (computing), servers. There are several approaches to computer cluster, clustering, most of which do not emplo ...

supporting a very wide variety of operating systems *

Tahoe-LAFS Tahoe-LAFS (Tahoe Least-Authority File Store) is a free and open, secure, decentralized, fault-tolerant, distributed data store and distributed file system. It can be used as an online backup system, or to serve as a file or Web host similar ...

– Distributed file system/

Cloud storage Cloud storage is a model of computer data storage in which data, said to be on "the cloud", is stored remotely in logical pools and is accessible to users over a network, typically the Internet. The physical storage spans multiple servers (so ...

system with integrated privacy and security features * CephFS – Distributed file system included in the Ceph storage platform.

Desktop publishing

Collabora Online Collabora Online is an open source online office suite based on LibreOffice, enabling web-based collaborative real-time editing of word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations, and vector graphics. Optional apps are available for deskto ...

Draw and Writer – Enterprise-ready edition of LibreOffice accessible from a web browser. The Draw application is for flyers, newsletters, brochures and more, Writer has most of the functionality too. *

Scribus Scribus () is free and open-source desktop publishing (DTP) software available for most desktop operating systems. It is designed for layout, typesetting, and preparation of files for professional-quality image-setting equipment. Scribus can a ...

– Designed for layout, typesetting, and preparation of files for professional-quality image-setting equipment. It can also create animated and interactive PDF presentations and forms. *

LyX LyX (styled as LYX; pronounced ) is an open-source software, open source, graphical user interface document processor based on the LaTeX typesetting system. Unlike most word processors, which follow the WYSIWYG ("what you see is what you get") ...

– A "What You See Is What You Mean" document creation system, LyX makes use of the

LaTeX Latex is an emulsion (stable dispersion) of polymer microparticles in water. Latices are found in nature, but synthetic latices are common as well. In nature, latex is found as a wikt:milky, milky fluid, which is present in 10% of all floweri ...

markup macro system for

TeX Tex, TeX, TEX, may refer to: People and fictional characters * Tex (nickname), a list of people and fictional characters with the nickname * Tex Earnhardt (1930–2020), U.S. businessman * Joe Tex (1933–1982), stage name of American soul singer ...

, allowing the elegant creation of documents which match up with the layouts in it for various document classes.

E-book management and editing

Calibre In guns, particularly firearms, but not artillery, where a different definition may apply, caliber (or calibre; sometimes abbreviated as "cal") is the specified nominal internal diameter of the gun barrel bore – regardless of how or wher ...

– Cross-platform suite of

ebook An ebook (short for electronic book), also spelled as e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in electronic form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. A ...

software *

Writer – Enterprise-ready edition of LibreOffice accessible from a web browser. Allows exporting in the

EPUB EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for ''electronic publication'' and is sometimes stylized as ''ePUB''. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smart ...

format. *

Sigil A sigil () is a type of symbol used in magic. The term usually refers to a pictorial signature of a spirit (such as an angel, demon, or deity). In modern usage, especially in the context of chaos magic, a sigil refers to a symbolic represen ...

– Editing software for e-books in the

format

Education

E-learning, learning support

ATutor ATutor is an open source web-based learning management system (LMS). Use ATutor is used in various contexts, including online course management, continuing professional development for teachers, career development, and academic research.(See ...

– Web-based Learning Content Management System (LCMS) * Canvas LMS – Web-based, open, extensible learning management system *

Chamilo Chamilo is a free software (under GNU/GPL licensing) e-learning and content management system, aimed at improving access to education and knowledge globally. It is backed up by the Chamilo Association, which has goals including the promotion of ...

– Web-based e-learning and content management system * Claroline – Collaborative Learning Management System * DoceboLMS – SAAS/cloud platform for learning * eFront – Icon-based learning management system * H5P – Framework for creating and sharing interactive HTML5 content * IUP Portfolio – Educational platform for Swedish schools *

ILIAS Ilias may refer to: * the ''Iliad The ''Iliad'' (; , ; ) is one of two major Ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by modern audiences. As with the ''Odyssey'', t ...

– Web-based learning management system (LMS) *

Moodle Moodle ( ) is a free and open-source learning management system written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License. Moodle is used for blended learning, distance education, flipped classroom and other online learning project ...

– Free and open-source learning management system * OLAT – Web-based Learning Content Management System *

Omeka Omeka (also known as Omeka Classic) is a free, open-source content management system for online digital collections. As a web application, it allows users to publish and exhibit cultural heritage objects, and extend its functionality with theme ...

– Content management system for online digital collections * openSIS – Web-based Student Information and School Management system *

Sakai Project Sakai is a free, community-driven, open source educational software platform designed to support teaching, research and collaboration. Systems of this type are also known as learning management systems (LMS), course management systems (CMS), ...

– Web-based learning management system * SWAD – Web-based learning management system

Academic advising

* FlightPath – Academic advising software for universities

Educational suites for children

* Tux Paint – Painting application for 3–12 year olds * GCompris – Educational entertainment, aimed at children aged 2–10

Language

* Alpheios Project *

Anki (software) Anki (, ; ) is a free and open-source flashcard program. It uses techniques from cognitive science such as active recall testing and spaced repetition to aid the user in memorization. The name comes from the Japanese word for "memorization" (). ...

FirstVoices FirstVoices is an open-source web platform for language revitalization projects, which supports Indigenous communities to share and promote their languages, oral culture and linguistic history. It is a joint initiative of the First Peoples' Cultural ...

* Kiten

Operating systems

- Unix-based general use OS *

UberStudent UberStudent was a highly-reviewed and popular free and open-source software, free and open-source computer operating system and collection of programs aimed toward higher education and secondary students and their teachers and schools. By the time ...

– Linux-based operating system and software suite for academic studies *

MAX (operating system) MaX, also known as Madrid_linux is a Linux distribution created with funds from the Conserjería de Educación, Juventud y Deporte of the Comunidad de Madrid adapted for use in educational environments. The main features of this operating syste ...

Edubuntu Edubuntu is an official derivative of the Ubuntu (operating system), Ubuntu operating system designed for use in classrooms inside schools, homes and communities. Features Edubuntu is based largely on the standard GNOME-based Ubuntu distribution ...

Mind mapping & others

Vym (software) View Your Mind (VYM) is a cross-platform concept mapping software. Background and reception In ''The Fun Is In the Journey'', Eugene Vickery said he mostly works with VYM because it does not require Java. VYM was also described as a tool for " ...

Compendium (software) Compendium is a computer program and social science tool that facilitates the mapping and management of ideas and arguments. The software provides a visual environment that allows people to structure and record collaboration as they discuss and w ...

* Gnaural – Brainwave entrainment software

Offline learning & Open data

Kiwix Kiwix is a free and open-source offline web browser created by Emmanuel Engelhart and Renaud Gaudin in 2007. It was first launched to allow offline access to Wikipedia, but has since expanded to include other projects from the Wikimedia Foundati ...

: A free and open-source offline web browser that allows users download Wikipedia entire content and use for offline learning, later was expanded with repositories for Wikimedia Foundation, public domain texts from Project Gutenberg, many of the Stack Exchange sites, and other resources. *

OpenStreetMap OpenStreetMap (abbreviated OSM) is a free, Open Database License, open geographic database, map database updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via open collaboration. Contributors collect data from surveying, surveys, trace from Ae ...

: OpenStreetMap was developed in 2004, it uses

Open data Open data are data that are openly accessible, exploitable, editable and shareable by anyone for any purpose. Open data are generally licensed under an open license. The goals of the open data movement are similar to those of other "open(-so ...

and users data input through

Crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing involves a large group of dispersed participants contributing or producing goods or services—including ideas, votes, micro-tasks, and finances—for payment or as volunteers. Contemporary crowdsourcing often involves digit ...

and

Web mapping Web mapping or an online mapping is the process of using, creating, and distributing maps on the World Wide Web (the Web), usually through the use of Web GIS, Web geographic information systems (Web GIS). A web map or an online map is both served ...

to create a complete and downloadable alternative to other online maps, this allow users to enter data when there is no data available due to lack of governance and economic interest or due lower population of the places mapped

Typing

* KTouch – Touch typing lessons with a variety of keyboard layouts *

Tux Typing ''Tux Typing'' is a Free and open-source software, free and open source typing, typing tutor created especially for children. It features several different types of game play, with a variety of difficulty levels. It is designed to be fun and to ...

– Typing tutor for children, featuring two games to improve typing speed

Engineering

* Advanced Simulation Library * ASCEND * Calculix *

CHEMKIN CHEMKIN is a proprietary software tool for solving complex chemical kinetics problems. It is used worldwide in the combustion, chemical processing, microelectronics and automotive industries, and also in atmospheric science. It was originally de ...

chemical kinetics Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a ...

* COCO simulator - chemical process simulator *

CP2K CP2K is a freely available ( GPL) quantum chemistry and solid state physics program package, written in Fortran 2008, to perform atomistic simulations of solid state, liquid, molecular, periodic, material, crystal, and biological systems. It prov ...

quantum chemistry Quantum chemistry, also called molecular quantum mechanics, is a branch of physical chemistry focused on the application of quantum mechanics to chemical systems, particularly towards the quantum-mechanical calculation of electronic contributions ...

and

solid-state physics Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state phy ...

* DWSIM - chemical process simulator * General Mission Analysis Tool (GMAT) - space mission analysis *

GNU Octave GNU Octave is a scientific programming language for scientific computing and numerical computation. Octave helps in solving linear and nonlinear problems numerically, and for performing other numerical experiments using a language that is mostly ...

- numerical-analysis *

GROMACS GROMACS is a molecular dynamics package mainly designed for simulations of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It was originally developed in the Biophysical Chemistry department of University of Groningen, and is now maintained by contributors ...

- simulations of

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residue (biochemistry), residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including Enzyme catalysis, catalysing metab ...

lipid Lipids are a broad group of organic compounds which include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamins A, D, E and K), monoglycerides, diglycerides, phospholipids, and others. The functions of lipids include storing ...

s, and

nucleic acid Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that are crucial in all cells and viruses. They are composed of nucleotides, which are the monomer components: a pentose, 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base. The two main classes of nuclei ...

s. *

JSBSim ''FlightGear Flight Simulator'' (often shortened to ''FlightGear'' or ''FGFS'') is a Freeware, free, Open-source software, open source cross-platform, multi-platform flight simulator developed by the project since 1997. David Murr started t ...

flight dynamics Flight dynamics in aviation and spacecraft, is the study of the performance, stability, and control of vehicles flight, flying through the air or in outer space. It is concerned with how forces acting on the vehicle determine its velocity and at ...

engine An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy. Available energy sources include potential energy (e.g. energy of the Earth's gravitational field as exploited in hydroelectric power ge ...

LAMMPS LAMMPS (Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator) is a molecular dynamics program developed by Sandia National Laboratories. It utilizes the Message Passing Interface (MPI) for parallel communication, enabling high-performance s ...

Molecular dynamics Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation method for analyzing the Motion (physics), physical movements of atoms and molecules. The atoms and molecules are allowed to interact for a fixed period of time, giving a view of the dynamics ( ...

Open Babel Open Babel is a free chemical informatics software designed to facilitate the conversion of Chemical file formats and manage molecular data. It serves as a chemical expert system, widely used in fields such as cheminformatics, molecular modelli ...

chemical informatics A chemical substance is a unique form of matter with constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Chemical substances may take the form of a single element or chemical compounds. If two or more chemical substances can be combin ...

OpenModelica OpenModelica is a free and open source environment based on the Modelica modeling language for modeling, simulating, optimizing and analyzing complex dynamic systems. This software is actively developed by Open Source Modelica Consortium, a non-p ...

- chemical process simulator *

OpenSees OpenSees (the Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) is an object-oriented software framework created during the National Science Foundation-sponsored era (1997-2007) of the Pacific Earthquake Engineering ResearchPEER Center. OpenSees ...

- earthquake engineering * OpenVSP - parametric aircraft geometry tool *

Pyomo Pyomo is a collection of Python software packages for formulating optimization models. Pyomo was developed by William Hart and Jean-Paul Watson at Sandia National Laboratories and David Woodruff at University of California, Davis. Significan ...

mathematical optimization Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled ''optimisation'') or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfiel ...

REFPROP REFPROP is a software program for the prediction of thermophysical properties of fluids, developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The primary component of REFPROP is an equation of state for each implemented fluid. ...

- Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties *

XFOIL XFOIL is an interactive program for the design and analysis of subsonic isolated airfoils. Given the coordinates specifying the shape of a 2D airfoil, Reynolds and Mach numbers, XFOIL can calculate the pressure distribution on the airfoil and h ...

- analysis of subsonic isolated

airfoil An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is a streamlined body that is capable of generating significantly more Lift (force), lift than Drag (physics), drag. Wings, sails and propeller blades are examples of airfoils. Foil (fl ...

File formats

2D

Raster file:Rgb-raster-image.svg, upright=1, The Smiley, smiley face in the top left corner is a raster image. When enlarged, individual pixels appear as squares. Enlarging further, each pixel can be analyzed, with their colors constructed through comb ...
imagery

* .apng - Animated Portable Network Graphics * .avif -

AV1 Image File Format AV1 Image File Format (AVIF) is an open, royalty-free image file format specification for storing images or image sequences compressed with AV1 in the HEIF container format. It competes with HEIC, which uses the same container format built upon ...

* .bpg - Better Portable Graphics * .exr -

OpenEXR OpenEXR is a high-dynamic range, multi-channel raster file format, released as an open standard along with a set of software tools created by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM), under a free software license similar to the BSD license. It is notab ...

* .fits -

Flexible Image Transport System Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) is an open standard defining a digital file format used for storage, transmission and processing of data: formatted as multi-dimensional arrays (for example a 2D image), or tables. FITS is the most commonl ...

primarily for

Astronomy Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest includ ...

* .flif - Free Lossless Image Format * .gif -

Graphics Interchange Format The Graphics Interchange Format (GIF; or , ) is a bitmap image format that was developed by a team at the online services provider CompuServe led by American computer scientist Steve Wilhite and released on June 15, 1987. The format can ...

* .iff / .lbm -

InterLeaved BitMap Interleaved Bitmap (ILBM) is an image file format conforming to the Interchange File Format (IFF) standard. The format originated on the Amiga platform, and on IBM-compatible systems, files in this format or the related PBM (Planar Bitmap) forma ...

* .jng -

JPEG Network Graphics JPEG Network Graphics (JNG, ) is a JPEG-based graphics file format which is closely related to PNG: it uses the PNG file structure (with a different signature) as a container format to wrap JPEG-encoded image data. JNG was created as an adjunct ...

* .jpg or .jpeg -

Joint Photographic Experts Group The Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) is the joint committee between ISO/ IEC JTC 1/ SC 29 and ITU-T Study Group 16 that created and maintains the JPEG, JPEG 2000, JPEG XR, JPEG XT, JPEG XS, JPEG XL, and related digital image standard ...

* .jxl -

JPEG XL The JPEG XL Image Coding System is a royalty-free open standard for a image compression, compressed Raster graphics, raster image format. It defines a graphics file format and the abstract device for coding JPEG XL bitstreams. It is developed by t ...

* .mng -

Multiple-image Network Graphics Multiple-image Network Graphics (MNG) is a graphics file format published in 2001 for animated images. Its specification is publicly documented and there are free software reference implementations available. MNG is closely related to the PNG ...

* .miff / .mi -

Magick Image File Format The Magick Image File Format, abbreviated MIFF, is an image format used by ImageMagick. It may be used to store bitmap images platform-independently. A MIFF file consists of two sections. The headers consist of ISO-8859-1 encoded bytes, eac ...

* .pam, .pbm, .pgm, .ppm, .pnm - Netpbm file formats * .pgf -

Progressive Graphics File PGF (Progressive Graphics File) is a wavelet-based bitmapped image format that employs lossless and lossy data compression. PGF was created to improve upon and replace the JPEG format. It was developed at the same time as JPEG 2000 but with ...

* .png -

Portable Network Graphics Portable Network Graphics (PNG, officially pronounced , colloquially pronounced ) is a raster graphics, raster-graphics file graphics file format, format that supports lossless data compression. PNG was developed as an improved, non-patented ...

* .qoi - Quite OK Image Format * .tiff -

Tag Image File Format Tag Image File Format or Tagged Image File Format, commonly known by the abbreviations TIFF or TIF, is an image file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers. TIFF is w ...

.wbmp Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format (shortened to Wireless Bitmap and with file extension .wbmp) is a raster image file format optimized for early mobile computing devices. WBMP images are monochrome black and white binary images in whic ...

Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format (shortened to Wireless Bitmap and with file extension .wbmp) is a raster image file format optimized for early mobile computing devices. WBMP images are monochrome black and white binary image A ...

* .webp * .xbm -

X BitMap In computer graphics, the X Window System used X BitMap (XBM), a plain text binary image format, for storing cursor and icon bitmaps used in the X GUI. The XBM format is superseded by XPM, which first appeared for X11 in 1989. Format XBM fil ...

* .xcf -

GIMP Gimp or GIMP may refer to: Clothing * Bondage suit, also called a gimp suit, a type of suit used in BDSM * Bondage mask, also called a gimp mask, often worn in conjunction with a gimp suit Embroidery and crafts * Gimp (thread), an ornamental tr ...

* .xpm -

X PixMap X PixMap (XPM) is an Image file formats, image file format used by the X Window System, created in 1989 by Daniel Dardailler and Colas Nahaboo working at Groupe Bull, Bull Research Center at Sophia Antipolis, France, and later enhanced by Arnaud L ...

Vector Vector most often refers to: * Euclidean vector, a quantity with a magnitude and a direction * Disease vector, an agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism Vector may also refer to: Mathematics a ...
imagery

* .cgm -

Computer Graphics Metafile Computer Graphics Metafile (CGM) is a free and open international standard file format for 2D vector graphics, raster graphics, and text, and is defined by ISO/ IEC 8632. Overview All graphical elements can be specified in a textual source fi ...

* .eps -

Encapsulated PostScript Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) is a Document Structuring Convention (DSC) conforming PostScript document format usable as a graphics file format. The format was developed as early as 1987 by John Warnock and Chuck Geschke, the founders of Adobe, ...

* .pdf -

Portable Document Format Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating syste ...

* .pgml - Precision Graphics Markup Language * .svg -

Scalable Vector Graphics Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector graphics format for defining two-dimensional graphics, having support for interactivity and animation. The SVG specification is an open standard developed by the World Wide Web Consortium sin ...

* .vml -

Vector Markup Language Vector Markup Language (VML) is an obsolete XML-based file format for two-dimensional vector graphics. It was specified in Part 4 of the Office Open XML standards ISO/IEC 29500 and ECMA-376. According to the specification, VML is a deprecated f ...

deprecated Deprecation is the discouragement of use of something human-made, such as a term, feature, design, or practice. Typically something is deprecated because it is claimed to be inferior compared to other options available. Something may be deprec ...

by SVG. * .xar - Xar (graphics)

3D

* .3mf -

3D Manufacturing Format 3D Manufacturing Format or 3MF is an open source file format standard developed and published by the 3MF Consortium. 3MF is an XML-based data format designed specifically for additive manufacturing. It includes information about materials, colors ...

* .amf - Additive manufacturing file format *

.blend Blender is a free and open-source 3D computer graphics software tool set that runs on Windows, macOS, BSD, Haiku, IRIX and Linux. It is used for creating animated films, visual effects, art, 3D-printed models, motion graphics, interactive 3D app ...

* .dae - COLLADA * .dxf -

Drawing Exchange Format AutoCAD DXF (Drawing Interchange Format, or Drawing Exchange Format) is a computer-aided design (CAD) data file format developed by Autodesk to enable CAD data exchange and interoperability between AutoCAD on different computing platforms. His ...

, publicly documented format, developers can work with it in open-source projects, though not fully open-source itself. * .fbx * .gltf/.glb - Graphics Library Transmission Format * .hdr - Radiance HDR *

.ifc The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a CAD data exchange data schema intended for description of architectural, building and construction industry data (ABCII). The IFC file format is based on ISO 10303-21 standard and definitions of ABCII are ...

Industry Foundation Classes The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) is a CAD data exchange data schema intended for description of architectural, building and construction industry data (ABCII). The IFC file format is based on ISO 10303-21 standard and definitions of ABCII are ...

* .iges - Initial Graphics Exchange Specification * .obj - developed by

Wavefront Technologies Wavefront Technologies was a computer graphics company that developed and sold computer animation, animation software used in Cinema of the United States, Hollywood film, motion pictures and other industries. It was founded in 1984, in Santa Barba ...

* .off - Object File Format * .ply - Polygon File Format * .rad -

Radiance In radiometry, radiance is the radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received by a given surface, per unit solid angle per unit projected area. Radiance is used to characterize diffuse emission and reflection of electromagnetic radiati ...

* .step/.stp * .stl * .usd -

Universal Scene Description Universal Scene Description (USD) is a framework for interchange of 3D computer graphics data. The framework focuses on collaboration, non-destructive editing, and enabling multiple views and opinions about graphics data. USD is used in many indu ...

* .vrml - Virtual Reality Modeling Language * .x3d

Video

* .mkv -

Matroska Matroska (styled Matroška) is a project to create a container format that can hold an unlimited number of video, audio, picture, or subtitle tracks in one file. The Matroska Multimedia Container is similar in concept to other containers like ...

* .ogv - Theora * .vp8 * .vp9 * .webm

Audio

* .aiff -

Audio Interchange File Format Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an audio file format standard used for storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices. The format was developed by Apple Inc. in 1988 based on Electronic Arts' Interchange F ...

* .flac -

Free Lossless Audio Codec FLAC (; Free Lossless Audio Codec) is an audio coding format for lossless compression of digital audio, developed by the Xiph.Org Foundation, and is also the name of the free software project producing the FLAC tools, the reference softwar ...

* .ogg * .opus * .wav

Document & Text

* .adoc - AsciiDoc * .epub -

Ebook An ebook (short for electronic book), also spelled as e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in electronic form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. A ...

format * .latex - , macro package built on top of

for simplification. * .md -

Markdown Markdown is a lightweight markup language for creating formatted text using a plain-text editor. John Gruber created Markdown in 2004 as an easy-to-read markup language. Markdown is widely used for blogging and instant messaging, and also used ...

* .odt -

OpenDocument The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, standardized as ISO 26300, is an open file format for word processor, word processing documents, spreadsheets, Presentation program, presentations and ...

* .rtf -

Rich Text Format ) As an example, the following RTF code would be rendered as follows: This is some bold text. Character encoding A standard RTF file can only consist of 7-bit ASCII characters, but can use escape sequences to encode other characters. ...

* .tex - high-quality

typography Typography is the art and technique of Typesetting, arranging type to make written language legibility, legible, readability, readable and beauty, appealing when displayed. The arrangement of type involves selecting typefaces, Point (typogra ...

for

mathematical notation Mathematical notation consists of using glossary of mathematical symbols, symbols for representing operation (mathematics), operations, unspecified numbers, relation (mathematics), relations, and any other mathematical objects and assembling ...

physics Physics is the scientific study of matter, its Elementary particle, fundamental constituents, its motion and behavior through space and time, and the related entities of energy and force. "Physical science is that department of knowledge whi ...

chemistry Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a physical science within the natural sciences that studies the chemical elements that make up matter and chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules a ...

engineering Engineering is the practice of using natural science, mathematics, and the engineering design process to Problem solving#Engineering, solve problems within technology, increase efficiency and productivity, and improve Systems engineering, s ...

scientific notation Scientific notation is a way of expressing numbers that are too large or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form, since to do so would require writing out an inconveniently long string of digits. It may be referred to as scientif ...

. * .texinfo

Web and Interactive Media

* .css - Cascading Style Sheets * .html -

HyperText Markup Language Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It defines the content and structure of web content. It is often assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheet ...

* .json -

GeoJSON GeoJSON is an open standard format designed for representing simple geographical features, along with their non-spatial attributes. It is based on the JSON format. The features include points (therefore addresses and locations), line strings ...

JSON-LD JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) is a method of encoding linked data using JSON. One goal for JSON-LD was to require as little effort as possible from developers to transform their existing JSON to JSON-LD. JSON-LD allows data ...

JSON-RPC JSON-RPC (JavaScript Object Notation-Remote Procedure Call) is a JSON-based wire protocol for remote procedure calls (RPC). It is similar to the XML-RPC protocol, defining only a few data types and commands. JSON-RPC allows for notifications (data ...

JsonML JsonML, the JSON Markup Language is a lightweight markup language used to map between XML (Extensible Markup Language) and JSON (JavaScript Object Notation). It converts an XML document or fragment into a JSON data structure for ease of use within ...

Smile A smile is a facial expression formed primarily by flexing the muscles at the sides of the mouth. Some smiles include a contraction of the muscles at the corner of the eyes, an action known as a Duchenne smile. Among humans, a smile expresses d ...

UBJSON Universal Binary JSON (UBJSON) is a computer data interchange format. It is a binary form directly imitating JSON, but requiring fewer bytes of data. It aims to achieve the generality of JSON, combined with being much easier to process than JSO ...

. * .mml -

MathML Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) is a pair of mathematical markup languages, an application of XML for describing mathematical notations and capturing both its structure and content. Its aim is to natively integrate mathematical formulae ...

Database & Data Storage

* .avro -

Apache Avro Avro is a row-oriented remote procedure call and data serialization framework developed within Apache's Hadoop project. It uses JSON for defining data types and protocols, and serializes data in a ...

* .cml -

Chemical Markup Language Chemical Markup Language (ChemML or CML) is an approach to managing molecular information using tools such as XML and Java. It was the first domain specific implementation based strictly on XML, first based on a DTD and later on an XML Schema, t ...

* .csv -

Comma-separated values Comma-separated values (CSV) is a text file format that uses commas to separate values, and newlines to separate records. A CSV file stores Table (information), tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, where each line of the file typically r ...

* .hdf5 -

Hierarchical Data Format Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) is a set of file formats (HDF4, HDF5) designed to store and organize large amounts of data. Originally developed at the U.S. National Center for Supercomputing Applications, it is supported by The HDF Group, a non- ...

* .ods -

OpenDocument Spreadsheet The Open Document Format for Office Applications (ODF), also known as OpenDocument, standardized as ISO 26300, is an open file format for word processing documents, spreadsheets, presentations and graphics and using ZIP-compressed XML ...

* .orc -

Apache ORC Apache ORC (Optimized Row Columnar) is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format. It is similar to the other columnar-storage file formats available in the Hadoop ecosystem such as RCFile and Parquet. It is used by most of the ...

* .parquet -

Apache Parquet Apache Parquet is a free and open-source column-oriented data storage format in the Apache Hadoop ecosystem. It is similar to RCFile and ORC, the other columnar-storage file formats in Hadoop, and is compatible with most of the data processing f ...

* .protobuf -

Protocol Buffers Protocol Buffers (Protobuf) is a free and open-source cross-platform data format used to serialize structured data. It is useful in developing programs that communicate with each other over a network or for storing data. The method involves an ...

developed by

* .shp -

Shapefile The shapefile format is a geospatial vector data format for geographic information system (GIS) software. It is developed and regulated by Esri as a mostly open specification for data interoperability among Esri and other GIS software product ...

.sqlite SQLite ( "S-Q-L-ite", "sequel-ite") is a free and open-source relational database engine written in the C programming language. It is not a standalone app; rather, it is a library that software developers embed in their apps. As such, it be ...

SQLite SQLite ( "S-Q-L-ite", "sequel-ite") is a free and open-source relational database engine written in the C programming language. It is not a standalone app; rather, it is a library that software developers embed in their apps. As such, it ...

* .tsv -

Tab-separated values Tab-separated values (TSV) is a simple, text-based file format for storing tabular data. Records are separated by newlines, and values within a record are separated by tab characters. The TSV format is thus a delimiter-separated values format, ...

* .xml -

Extensible Markup Language Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language and file format for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing data. It defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. The Wor ...

File managers

Finance

Accounting

GnuCash GnuCash is an accounting program that implements a double-entry bookkeeping system. It was initially aimed at developing capabilities similar to Intuit, Inc.'s Quicken application, but also has features for small business accounting. Recent de ...

–

Double-entry book-keeping Double-entry bookkeeping, also known as double-entry accounting, is a method of bookkeeping that relies on a two-sided accounting entry to maintain financial information. Every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a ...

* HomeBank – Personal accounting software *

KMyMoney KMyMoney is a cross-platform double-entry bookkeeping system for personal finance management built on KDE technologies. Its operation is similar to Microsoft Money and Quicken. It supports different account types, categorization of expenses and ...

– Double-entry book-keeping * LedgerSMB – Double-entry book-keeping *

RCA open-source application RCA Open-Source Application (ROSA) is an open-source management accounting application that aims to provide decision-support information to managers. Resource consumption accounting (RCA) is a principle-based approach to management accounting tha ...

– management accounting application * SQL Ledger – Double-entry book-keeping * TurboCASH – Double-entry book-keeping for Windows

Cryptocurrency

Bitcoin Bitcoin (abbreviation: BTC; Currency symbol, sign: ₿) is the first Decentralized application, decentralized cryptocurrency. Based on a free-market ideology, bitcoin was invented in 2008 when an unknown entity published a white paper under ...

– Blockchain platform, peer-to-peer decentralised digital currency *

Ethereum Ethereum is a decentralized blockchain with smart contract functionality. Ether (abbreviation: ETH) is the native cryptocurrency of the platform. Among cryptocurrencies, ether is second only to bitcoin in market capitalization. It is open-s ...

– Blockchain platform with smart contract functionality

CRM

CiviCRM CiviCRM ( ''C-R-M'') is a web-based suite of internationalized open-source software for constituency relationship management that falls under the broad rubric of customer relationship management. It is specifically designed for the needs of non-pr ...

– Constituent Relationship Management software aimed at NGOs * iDempiere – Business Suite, ERP and CRM * SuiteCRM – Web-based CRM

ERP

* Adempiere –

Enterprise resource planning Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is the integrated management of main business processes, often in real time and mediated by software and technology. ERP is usually referred to as a category of business management software—typically a suit ...

(ERP) business suite *

Apache OFBiz Apache OFBiz is an open source enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. It provides a suite of enterprise applications that integrate and automate many of the business processes of an enterprise. OFBiz is an Apache Software Foundation top leve ...

– A suite of enterprise applications from

* Compiere – ERP solution automates accounting, supply chain, inventory, and sales orders *

Dolibarr Dolibarr ERP CRM is an open source, free software package for companies of any size, foundations or freelancers. It includes different features for enterprise resource planning (ERP) and customer relationship management (CRM), and also other fea ...

– Web-based ERP system * ERPNext – Web-based open-source ERP system for managing accounting and finance * ERP5 – Single Unified Business Model based system written with

and

Zope Zope is a family of free and open-source software, free and open-source World Wide Web, web application servers written in Python (programming language), Python, and their associated online community. Zope stands for "Z Object Publishing Environm ...

* iDempiere – Fully navigable on PCs, tablets and smartphones driven only by a community of supporters * JFire – An ERP business suite written with

and JDO * LedgerSMB – A

double entry Double-entry bookkeeping, also known as double-entry accounting, is a method of bookkeeping that relies on a two-sided accounting entry to maintain financial information. Every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a ...

accounting Accounting, also known as accountancy, is the process of recording and processing information about economic entity, economic entities, such as businesses and corporations. Accounting measures the results of an organization's economic activit ...

and ERP system written with

Perl Perl is a high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming language. Though Perl is not officially an acronym, there are various backronyms in use, including "Practical Extraction and Reporting Language". Perl was developed ...

* metasfresh – ERP Software *

Odoo Odoo is a business management software suite developed in Belgium. It includes modules for customer relationship management, e-commerce, billing, accounting, manufacturing, warehouse operations, project management, and inventory management. I ...

– Open-source ERP, CRM and CMS * Openbravo – Web-based ERP * Tryton – Open-source ERP

Human resources

OrangeHRM OrangeHRM Inc. is a HR software company based in Secaucus, New Jersey, best known for its Human resource management system. OrangeHRM was founded by Sujee Saparamadu in 2005. OrangeHRM offers Starter (Open Source) and Advanced Versions for its cl ...

– Commercial human resource management

Microfinance

* Mifos –

Microfinance Microfinance consists of financial services targeting individuals and small businesses (SMEs) who lack access to conventional banking and related services. Microfinance includes microcredit, the provision of small loans to poor clients; saving ...

Institution management software

Process management

* Bonita Open Solution – Business Process Management

Games

Game engines

* A-Frame (VR) *

Adventure Game Studio Adventure Game Studio (AGS) is an open source development tool primarily used to create graphic adventure games. It is aimed at intermediate-level game designers, and combines an integrated development environment (IDE) with a scripting language ...

* Alpha One * Ardor3D * Babylon.js *

Blend4Web Blend4Web is a free and open source framework for creating and displaying interactive 3D computer graphics in web browsers. Overview The Blend4Web framework leverages Blender to edit 3D scenes. Content rendering relies on WebGL, Web Audio, W ...

Blender Game Engine The Blender Game Engine was a free and open-source 3D production suite used for making real-time interactive content. It was previously embedded within Blender, but support for it was dropped in 2019, with the release of Blender 2.8. The game ...

ClanLib ClanLib is a video game Software development kit, SDK, supporting Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux, with partial support for mobile platforms. It has full hardware accelerated graphics support through OpenGL, and also a software renderer. ClanL ...

Cocos2d Cocos2d is an open-source game development framework for creating 2D games and other graphical software for iOS, Android, Windows, macOS, Linux, HarmonyOS, OpenHarmony and web platforms. It is written in C++ and provides bindings for va ...

Crystal Space Crystal Space is an unmaintained framework for developing 3D applications written in C++ by Jorrit Tyberghein and others. The first public release was on August 26, 1997. It is typically used as a game engine but the framework is more gener ...

Cube Engine ''Cube'' is a free and open-source first-person shooter video game. It is often mistaken with its engine ( zlib-licensed), the Cube Engine. The engine and game were developed by Wouter van Oortmerssen. It runs on a variety of operating systems, ...

Cube 2 engine ''Cube 2: Sauerbraten'' (German for " sour roast", also known as ''Sauer'') is a first-person shooter released for Microsoft Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, and Mac OS X using OpenGL and SDL. In the style of '' Quake'', the game features sing ...

Dagor Engine Gaijin Entertainment is a Hungarians, Hungarian video game Video game developer, developer headquartered in Budapest. The company is mostly known for ''War Thunder, Crossout'', ''Star Conflict'', ''CRSED: F.O.A.D., CRSED: Cuisine Royale'' (form ...

* Defold * Delta3D *

Dim3 Dim3, also known as Dimension 3, is a free and open-source 3D game engine created by Brian Barnes. It has been chosen as a staff pick for OS X development software by Apple. and featured as one of their "hot game building tools." dim3 has an entr ...

DimensioneX Multiplayer Engine {{No footnotes, date=October 2023 DimensioneX is an open source and free Multiplayer Engine. Aimed at producing browser-based multiplayer games and environments in general, it has been around since 1999 and has been used for MMORPG games, research, ...

* Flixel * Game Editor *

GDevelop GDevelop is a 2D and 3D cross-platform, free and open-source game engine, which mainly focuses on creating PC and mobile games, as well as HTML5 games playable in the browser. Created by Florian Rival, a software engineer at Google, GDevelop is ...

* Godot * Horde3D * id Tech 1-4 *

Irrlicht Irrlicht may refer to: * Irrlicht, the German name for will-o'-the-wisp, the ghostly light sometimes seen at night over bogs and swamps * "Irrlicht", the ninth song in the ''Winterreise'' cycle by Franz Schubert * ''Irrlicht'' (album), by Klaus ...

ioquake3 id Tech 3, popularly known as the ''Quake III Arena'' engine, is a game engine developed by id Software for its 1999 game ''Quake III Arena''. It has subsequently been used in numerous games. Commercially, id Tech 3 competed with early version ...

Jake2 Jake2 is a Java port of the GPL release of the Quake II game engine. History The 0.9.1 version of Jake2 was shown by the JOGL team for JavaOne 2004, to present an example of Java-OpenGL interoperability. Jake2 has since been used by Sun as an ...

Java 3D Java 3D is a scene graph-based 3D application programming interface (API) for the Java platform. It runs on top of either OpenGL or Direct3D until version 1.6.0, which runs on top of Java OpenGL (JOGL). Since version 1.2, Java 3D has been dev ...

jMonkeyEngine jMonkeyEngine (abbreviated JME or jME) is an open-source and cross-platform game engine for developing 3D games written in Java. It can be used to write games for Windows, Linux, macOS, Raspberry Pi, Android, and iOS (currently in alpha testi ...

* Kivy * LayaAir *

LibGDX libGDX is a free and open-source game-development application framework written in the Java programming language with some C and C++ components for performance dependent code. It allows for the development of desktop and mobile games by usin ...

* LÖVE *

Moai Moai or moʻai ( ; ; ) are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people on Easter Island, Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in eastern Polynesia between the years 1250 and 1500. Nearly half are still at Rano Raraku, the main moai quarry, but h ...

Monkey X Blitz Research Ltd is a software company based in Auckland, New Zealand, specializing in BASIC-based programming languages. Founded in 2000 by Mark Sibly, the company's first product was ''Blitz BASIC'' ''2D'', a PC version of the Amiga Blitz Basi ...

* MonoGame *

Open 3D Engine Open 3D Engine is a free and open-source 3D game engine developed by Open 3D Foundation, a subsidiary of the Linux Foundation, and distributed under the Apache 2.0 open source license. The initial version of the engine is an updated version ...

OGRE An ogre (feminine: ogress) is a legendary monster depicted as a large, hideous, man-like being that eats ordinary human beings, especially infants and children. Ogres frequently feature in mythology, folklore, and fiction throughout the world ...

* OHRRPGCE * ONScripter * OpenClonk *

OpenMW OpenMW is a free and open-source game engine recreation that reimplements the one powering Bethesda Softworks' 2002 open-world role-playing game '' The Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind''. Overview The project aims to address issues with the origi ...

OpenSimulator OpenSimulator is an open-source software, open-source server platform originally launched in 2007 for hosting virtual worlds and metaverse environments. It is largely compatible with the virtual world ''Second Life'' but full compatibility is ...

* ORX *

Panda3D Panda3D is a game engine that includes graphics, audio, I/O, collision detection, and other abilities relevant to the creation of 3D games. Panda3D is free, open-source software under the revised BSD license. Panda3D's intended game-development ...

* Phaser *

PlayCanvas ''PlayCanvas'' is an open-source 3D game engine/interactive 3D application engine alongside a proprietary cloud-hosted creation platform that allows for simultaneous editing from multiple computers via a browser-based interface. It runs in moder ...

* PlayN *

Pygame Pygame is a cross-platform set of Python modules designed for writing video games. It includes computer graphics and sound libraries designed to be used with the Python programming language. History Pygame was originally written by Pete Shinne ...

Quake II engine The ''Quake II'' engine (part of id Tech 2) is a game engine developed by id Software for use in their 1997 first-person shooter ''Quake II''. It is the successor to the ''Quake'' engine. Since its release, the ''Quake II'' engine has been lic ...

Ren'Py The Ren'Py Visual Novel Engine (or RenPy for short) is a free software game engine which facilitates the creation of visual novels. Ren'Py is a portmanteau of , the Japanese word for 'romantic love', a common element of games made using Ren'Py; a ...

* Solar2D *

Starling Framework Starling is an open source game framework used to create 2D games that run both on mobile and desktop platforms. It recreates the traditional Flash display list architecture on top of accelerated graphics hardware. Several commercial games hav ...

StepMania ''StepMania'' is a cross-platform rhythm video game and engine. It was originally developed as a clone of Konami's arcade game series ''Dance Dance Revolution'', and has since evolved into an extensible rhythm game engine capable of supporting ...

* Stratagus * Stride *

Three.js Three.js is a cross-browser JavaScript library and application programming interface (API) used to create and display animated 3D computer graphics in a web browser using WebGL. The source code is hosted in a repository on GitHub. Overview Thr ...

TIC-80 TIC-80 is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source fantasy video game console for making, playing, and sharing games on a limited platform that mimics the 8-bit systems of the 1980s. It has built-in code, sprite, map, music, and sou ...

Torque3D Torque Game Engine, or TGE, is an open-source cross-platform 3D computer game engine, developed by GarageGames and actively maintained under the current versions Torque 3D as well as Torque 2D. It was originally developed by Dynamix for the 2001 ...

* Turbulenz engine *

Twine Twine is a strong Thread (yarn), thread, light String (structure), string or cord composed of string in which two or more thinner strands are twisted, and then twisted together (Plying, plied). The strands are plied in the opposite direction to ...

Visual Pinball Visual Pinball ("VP") is a freeware and source available game engine, video game engine for pinball tables and similar games such as pachinko machines. It includes a table level editor, editor as well as the Computer simulation, simulator itself, ...

* Wintermute Engine

Physics engines

Box2D Box2D is a free software, free Open-source software, open source Dimension, 2-dimensional Physics engine, physics simulator game engine, engine written in C (programming language), C by Erin Catto and published under the MIT license. It has been ...

Bullet A bullet is a kinetic projectile, a component of firearm ammunition that is shot from a gun barrel. They are made of a variety of materials, such as copper, lead, steel, polymer, rubber and even wax; and are made in various shapes and constru ...

Cannon.js Cannon.js is an open source JavaScript 3D physics engine created by Stefan "schteppe" Hedman. Unlike physics engine libraries ported from C++ to JavaScript, cannon.js is written in JavaScript from the start and can take advantage of its features ...

Chipmunk Chipmunks are small, striped rodents of subtribe Tamiina. Chipmunks are found in North America, with the exception of the Siberian chipmunk which is found primarily in Asia. Taxonomy and systematics Chipmunks are classified as four genera: '' ...

* Newton Game Dynamics *

OPAL Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silicon dioxide, silica (SiO2·''n''H2O); its water content may range from 3% to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6% and 10%. Due to the amorphous (chemical) physical structure, it is classified as a ...

Open Dynamics Engine The Open Dynamics Engine (ODE) is a physics engine written in C/C++. Its two main components are a rigid body dynamics simulation engine and a collision detection engine. It is free software licensed both under the BSD license and the LGPL. OD ...

Physics Abstraction Layer The Physics Abstraction Layer (PAL) is an open-source cross-platform physical simulation API abstraction system. It is similar to a physics engine wrapper, however it is far more flexible providing extended abilities. PAL is free software, releas ...

NVIDIA PhysX PhysX is an open-source realtime physics engine middleware SDK developed by Nvidia as part of the Nvidia GameWorks software suite. Initially, video games supporting PhysX were meant to be accelerated by PhysX PPU (expansion cards designed ...

* Phyz *

Tokamak A tokamak (; ) is a device which uses a powerful magnetic field generated by external magnets to confine plasma (physics), plasma in the shape of an axially symmetrical torus. The tokamak is one of several types of magnetic confinement fusi ...

Shader languages

ARB assembly language ARB assembly language is a low-level shading language, which can be characterized as an assembly language. It was created by the OpenGL Architecture Review Board (ARB) to standardize GPU instructions controlling the hardware graphics pipeline. H ...

* Cg *

OpenGL Shading Language OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL) is a high-level shading language with a syntax based on the C programming language. It was created by the OpenGL ARB (OpenGL Architecture Review Board) to give developers more direct control of the graphics pipeli ...

Open Shading Language Open Shading Language (OSL) is a shading language developed by Sony Pictures Imageworks, a Canadian visual effects and computer animation studio headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia and Montreal, Quebec, with an additional office on the ...

Standard Portable Intermediate Representation Standard Portable Intermediate Representation (SPIR) is an intermediate language for parallel computing and graphics by Khronos Group. It is used in multiple execution environments, including the Vulkan graphics API and the OpenCL compute API, to ...

Action

* *''

Nexuiz ''Nexuiz'' is a free first-person shooter video game developed and published by Alientrap. It was released on May 31, 2005 under the GNU General Public License (GPL) and uses the DarkPlaces engine, a modified ''Quake'' engine. A remake, also ...

–

First-person shooter A first-person shooter (FPS) is a video game genre, video game centered on gun fighting and other weapon-based combat seen from a First person (video games), first-person perspective, with the player experiencing the action directly through t ...

.'' *

OpenArena ''OpenArena'' is a free and open-source video game. It is a first-person shooter, and a clone of ''Quake III Arena''. Development The ''OpenArena'' project was established on August 19, 2005, one day after the id Tech 3 source code release ...

–

. *''

Red Eclipse ''Red Eclipse'' is an open-source first-person shooter that is forked from '' Cube 2: Sauerbraten''. Like the original ''Cube 2'', it features multiplayer gameplay as well as in-game level editing, but with improved graphics and a focus on park ...

–

.'' *''

Tremulous ''Tremulous'' is a free and open source asymmetric team-based first-person shooter with real-time strategy elements. Being a cross-platform development project the game is available for Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. The game features two opposi ...

–

.'' *'' Unvanquished –

.'' *

Xonotic ''Xonotic'' () is a free and open-source first-person shooter video game. It was developed as a fork of'' Nexuiz'', following controversy surrounding the game's development. The game runs on a heavily modified version of the Quake engine known as ...

–

that runs on a heavily modified version of the

Quake engine The ''Quake'' engine (part of id Tech 2) is the game engine developed by id Software to power their 1996 video game '' Quake''. It featured true 3D real-time rendering. Since 1999, it has been licensed under the terms of GNU General Publi ...

known as the DarkPlaces engine * ''Warsow'' –

fast-paced arena FPS game that runs on the

Qfusion The ''Quake II'' engine (part of id Tech 2) is a game engine developed by id Software for use in their 1997 first-person shooter ''Quake II''. It is the successor to the Quake engine, ''Quake'' engine. Since its release, the ''Quake II'' engine ...

engine

Application layer

WINE Wine is an alcoholic drink made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented fruit. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the fruit and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Wine is most often made f ...

– Allows

applications to be run on

Unix-like A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Uni ...

operating systems

Chess

* ChessV *

Fairy-Max XBoard is a graphical user interface chessboard for chess engines under the X Window System. It is developed and maintained as free software by the GNU project. WinBoard is a port of XBoard to run natively on Microsoft Windows. Overview Original ...

GNU Chess GNU Chess is a free software chess engine and command-line interface chessboard. The goal of GNU Chess is to serve as a basis for research, and as such it has been used in numerous contexts. GNU Chess is free software, licensed under the terms ...

PyChess ''PyChess'' is a free software chess client developed for GNU. It allows users to play offline or online via the Free Internet Chess Server (FICS). PyChess also incorporates a built-in chess engine, which in contrast to most other chess AIs is ...

XBoard XBoard is a graphical user interface chessboard for chess engines under the X Window System. It is developed and maintained as free software by the GNU project. WinBoard is a port of XBoard to run natively on Microsoft Windows. Overview Original ...

Lichess Lichess (; ) is a free and open-source software, free and open-source Internet chess server run by a Nonprofit organization, non-profit organization of the same name. Users of the site can play online chess anonymously and optionally register an ...

Educational games

* GCompris – software suite comprising

educational entertainment Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entert ...

software for children aged 2 to 10 * Tux, of Math Command * Tux Paint

Video game emulation

MAME MAME (formerly an acronym of Multiple Arcade Machine Emulator) is a free and open-source emulator designed to emulate the hardware of arcade games, video game consoles, old computers and other systems in software on modern personal computers and ...

– Multi-platform

emulator In computing, an emulator is Computer hardware, hardware or software that enables one computer system (called the ''host'') to behave like another computer system (called the ''guest''). An emulator typically enables the host system to run sof ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

arcade game An arcade game or coin-op game is a coin-operated entertainment machine typically installed in public businesses such as restaurants, bars and amusement arcades. Most arcade games are presented as primarily game of skill, games of skill and in ...

systems *

MESS The mess (also called a mess deck aboard ships) is a designated area where military personnel socialize, eat and (in some cases) live. The term is also used to indicate the groups of military personnel who belong to separate messes, such as the o ...

– Multi-platform

designed to recreate the hardware of video game consoles *

RetroArch RetroArch is a free and open-source, cross-platform frontend for emulators, game engines, video games, media players and other applications. It is the reference implementation of the libretro API, designed to be fast, lightweight, portable and w ...

– Cross-platform front-end for emulators,

game engine A game engine is a software framework primarily designed for the development of video games which generally includes relevant libraries and support programs such as a level editor. The "engine" terminology is akin to the term " software engine" u ...

s and

video games A video game or computer game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface or input device (such as a joystick, game controller, controller, computer keyboard, keyboard, or motion sensing device) to generate visual fe ...

* Snes9x – A

Super Nintendo The Super Nintendo Entertainment System, commonly shortened to Super Nintendo, Super NES or SNES, is a Fourth generation of video game consoles, 16-bit home video game console developed by Nintendo that was released in 1990 in Japan, 1991 in No ...

emulator *

Stella Stella or STELLA may refer to: Art, entertainment, and media Films * ''Stella'' (1921 film), directed by Edwin J. Collins * ''Stella'' (1943 film), with Zully Moreno * ''Stella'' (1950 film), with Ann Sheridan and Victor Mature * ''Stella'' (1955 ...

–

Atari 2600 The Atari 2600 is a home video game console developed and produced by Atari, Inc. Released in September 1977 as the Atari Video Computer System (Atari VCS), it popularized microprocessor-based hardware and games stored on swappable ROM cartridg ...

emulator *

PCSX PCSX is a free and open-source, video game console emulator that allows software designed to be used with the Sony PlayStation to run on personal computers. Over the years, development changed hands several times with PCSX-Reloaded (PCSXR) now be ...

– A

PlayStation emulator A video game console emulator is a type of emulator that allows a computing device to emulate a video game console's hardware and play its games on the emulating platform. More often than not, emulators carry additional features that surpass ...

designed to recreate the hardware of the original

PlayStation is a video gaming brand owned and produced by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE), a division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. Its flagship products consists of a series of home video game consoles produced under the brand; it also consists ...

system *

PCSX2 PCSX2 is a free and open-source emulator of the PlayStation 2 for x86 computers. It supports most PlayStation 2 video games with a high level of compatibility and functionality, and also supports a number of improvements over gameplay on a trad ...

– A

PlayStation 2 The PlayStation 2 (PS2) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment. It was first released in Japan on 4 March 2000, in North America on 26 October, in Europe on 24 Novembe ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

system * PPSSPP – A

PlayStation Portable The PlayStation Portable (PSP) is a handheld game console developed and marketed by Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment. It was first released in Japan on December 12, 2004, in North America on March 24, 2005, and in PA ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

system *

Project64 Project64 is a free and open-source Nintendo 64 emulator written in the programming languages C and C++ for Microsoft Windows. This software uses a plug-in system allowing third-party groups to use their own plug-ins to implement specific c ...

– A

Nintendo 64 The (N64) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo. It was released in Japan on June 23, 1996, in North America on September 29, 1996, and in Europe and Australia on March 1, 1997. As the successor to the Super Nintendo E ...

emulator *

RPCS3 RPCS3 is a free and open-source video game console emulator, emulator and debugger for the Sony PlayStation 3 that runs on Windows, Linux, FreeBSD and macOS operating systems, allowing PlayStation 3 games and software to be played and debugged o ...

– A

PlayStation 3 The PlayStation 3 (PS3) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE). It is the successor to the PlayStation 2, and both are part of the PlayStation brand of consoles. The PS3 was first released on ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

system *

Dolphin (emulator) Dolphin is a free and open-source video game console emulator of GameCube and Wii that runs on Windows, Linux, macOS, Android, Xbox One, Xbox Series X and Series S. It had its inaugural release in 2003 as freeware for Windows. Dolphin was ...

– A

GameCube The is a PowerPC-based home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo. It was released in Japan on September 14, 2001, in North America on November 18, 2001, in Europe on May 3, 2002, and in Australia on May 17, 2002. It is the suc ...

and

Wii The Wii ( ) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo. It was released on November 19, 2006, in North America, and in December 2006 for most other regions of the world. It is Nintendo's fifth major home game console, f ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

and

systems *

Citra (emulator) Citra is a discontinued free and open-source game console emulator of the handheld system Nintendo 3DS for Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android. Citra's name is derived from ''CTR'', which is the model name of the original 3DS. Citra can run many ...

– A

Nintendo 3DS The is a foldable dual-screen handheld game console produced by Nintendo. Announced in March 2010 as the successor to the Nintendo DS, the console was released originally on February 26, 2011 and went through various revisions in its lifetime, ...

and

designed to recreate the hardware of

systems *

Cemu Cemu is a free and open-source Wii U emulator, first released on October 13, 2015 for Microsoft Windows as a closed-source emulator developed by Exzap and Petergov. With the release of Cemu 2.1 on August 27 2024 it gained stable support for Linux ...

– A

Wii U The Wii U ( ) is a home video game console developed by Nintendo as the successor to the Wii. Released in late 2012, it is the first eighth-generation video game console and competed with Microsoft's Xbox One and Sony's PlayStation 4. The W ...

designed to recreate the hardware of

systems *

–

virtual machine In computing, a virtual machine (VM) is the virtualization or emulator, emulation of a computer system. Virtual machines are based on computer architectures and provide the functionality of a physical computer. Their implementations may involve ...

that mimics the

8-bit In computer architecture, 8-bit integers or other data units are those that are 8 bits wide (1 octet). Also, 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers or data bu ...

systems of the 1980s

Music video games

Frets on Fire ''Frets on Fire'' (''FoF'') is a Freeware, free, Open-source video game, open-source music video game created by Finland, Finnish independent video game developer Unreal Voodoo. Players use the keyboard to play along with markers which appear on ...

Karaoke

UltraStar ''UltraStar'' is a clone of ''SingStar'', a music video game by Polish developer Patryk "Covus5" Cebula. ''UltraStar'' lets one or several players score points by singing along to a song or music video and match the pitch (music), pitch of the ...

Rhythm game

Puzzle

* Pingus – ''Lemmings'' alternative with penguins instead of lemmings

Sandbox

* Luanti – An open source voxel game engine

Snake games

* GLtron

Simulation

* Endless Sky – Space trading and combat simulation *

–

Flight simulator A flight simulator is a device that artificially re-creates aircraft flight and the environment in which it flies, for pilot training, design, or other purposes. It includes replicating the equations that govern how aircraft fly, how they rea ...

OpenTTD ''OpenTTD'' is a business simulation game, which players try to earn money by transporting passengers, minerals and goods via road, rail, water and air. It is an open-source remake and expansion of the 1995 Chris Sawyer video game '' Transport ...

–

Business simulation game Business simulation games, also known as tycoon games or economic simulation games,< ...

in which players try to earn money via transporting passengers and freight by road, rail, water and air * SuperTuxKart –

Kart racing game A kart racing game, also known as cart racing game or go-kart racing game, is a subgenre of Racing game, racing games. Kart racing games have simplified driving mechanics while including unusual racetrack designs, obstacles, and Vehicular combat ...

that features mascots of various open-source projects

Strategy

* ''0 A.D.'' –

Real-time strategy Real-time strategy (RTS) is a Video game genre, subgenre of strategy video games that does not progress incrementally in turn-based game, turns, but allow all players to play simultaneously, in "real time." By contrast, in Turn-based strategy, tur ...

video game *

Freeciv ''Freeciv'' is a single-player video game, single- and multiplayer video game, multiplayer turn-based strategy game for workstations and personal computers inspired by the proprietary software, proprietary ''Civilization (series), Sid Meier's ...

–

Turn-based strategy Strategy video game is a major video game genre that focuses on analyzing and strategizing over direct quick reaction in order to secure success. Although many types of video games can contain strategic elements, the strategy genre is most commo ...

game inspired by proprietary Sid Meier's

Civilization A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of state (polity), the state, social stratification, urban area, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyon ...

series * Glest *

The Battle for Wesnoth ''The Battle for Wesnoth'' is a free and open-source software, free and open-source turn-based strategy video game with a high fantasy setting (similar to J. R. R. Tolkien's Tolkien's legendarium, legendarium), designed by Australian-American d ...

– Turn-based strategy video game with

fantasy Fantasy is a genre of speculative fiction that involves supernatural or Magic (supernatural), magical elements, often including Fictional universe, imaginary places and Legendary creature, creatures. The genre's roots lie in oral traditions, ...

setting

Genealogy

Gramps (software) Gramps, formerly GRAMPS (an acronym for Genealogical Research and Analysis Management Programming System), is a free and open-source genealogy software. It is developed in Python using PyGObject and utilizes Graphviz to create relationship grap ...

– a free and open source genealogy software * Legacy Family Tree – a freeware genealogy software

Geographic information systems

QGIS QGIS is a geographic information system (GIS) software that is free and open-source. QGIS supports Windows, macOS, and Linux. It supports viewing, editing, printing, and analysis of geospatial data in a range of data formats. Its name comes from ...

– cross-platform desktop

geographic information system A geographic information system (GIS) consists of integrated computer hardware and Geographic information system software, software that store, manage, Spatial analysis, analyze, edit, output, and Cartographic design, visualize Geographic data ...

(GIS) application to view, edit, and analyse geospatial data

Graphical user interface

Desktop environments

Window managers

Windowing system

Groupware

Content management systems

Wiki software

Healthcare software

Integrated library management software

Evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has Leaf, foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many diffe ...

– Integrated Library System initially developed for the

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

Public Library Service's

PINES A pine is any conifer tree or shrub in the genus ''Pinus'' () of the family Pinaceae. ''Pinus'' is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae. ''World Flora Online'' accepts 134 species-rank taxa (119 species and 15 nothospecies) of pines as ...

catalog * Koha – SQL-based library management * NewGenLib * OpenBiblio * PMB *

refbase refbase is a web-based institutional repository and reference management software written in PHP and using MySQL as a back-end database. It is available under the terms of the GPL license and its packages are featured in the official repositor ...

– Web-based institutional repository and reference management software

Image editor

Darktable Darktable (stylized as darktable) is a free and open-source photography application and raw developer. Rather than being a raster graphics editor like Adobe Photoshop or GIMP, it comprises a subset of image editing operations specifically aime ...

– Digital image workflow management, including RAW photo processing *

digiKam digiKam is a free and open-source image organizer and tag editor written in C++ using the KDE Frameworks. Features digiKam runs on most known desktop environments and window managers, as long as the required libraries are installed. It suppor ...

– Integrated photography toolkit including editing abilities *

– Raster graphics editor aimed at image retouching/editing * Hugin – panorama stitching *

Inkscape Inkscape is a vector graphics editor. It is used for both artistic and technical illustrations such as cartoons, clip art, logos, typography, diagrams, and flowcharts. It uses vector graphics to allow for sharp printouts and renderings at ...

– Vector graphics editor * Karbon – Scalable vector drawing application in KDE *

Krita Krita ( ) is a free and open-source software, free and open-source raster graphics editor designed primarily for digital art and 2D animation. Originally created for Linux, the software also runs on Windows, macOS, Haiku (operating system), Hai ...

– Digital painting, sketching and 2D animation application, with a variety of brush engines *

LazPaint LazPaint is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source cross-platformLazPaint works on Linux, Windows and MacOS lightweight software, lightweight image editor with raster graphics, raster and vector graphics, vectorial layers created w ...

– Lightweight raster and vector graphics editor, aimed at being simpler to use than GIMP *

LightZone LightZone is a free, open-source digital photo editor software application. It was originally developed as commercial software by the now-defunct Light Crafts. Its main purpose is to handle the workflow, including non-destructive editing when h ...

– Free, open-source digital photo editor software application. *

Luminance HDR Luminance HDR, formerly Qtpfsgui, is graphics software used for the creation and manipulation of high-dynamic-range images. Released under the terms of the GPL, it is available for Linux, Microsoft Windows, and Mac OS X (Intel only). Luminance ...

– high dynamic range images *

RawTherapee RawTherapee is a free and open source application for processing photographs in raw image formats such as those created by many digital cameras. It comprises a subset of image editing operations specifically aimed at non-destructive post-produc ...

– Digital image workflow management aimed at RAW photo processing

Maps & Navigation

– open geographic database updated and maintained by a community of volunteers via open collaboration.

Mathematics

ALTRAN Capgemini Engineering (previously known as ''Altran Technologies, SA'') is a global innovation and engineering consulting firm founded in 1982 in France by Alexis Kniazeff and Hubert Martigny. Altran Technologies operated primarily in high tec ...

FriCAS FriCAS is a general purpose computer algebra system with a strong focus on mathematical research and development of new algorithms. It comprises an interpreter, a compiler and a still-growing library of more than 1,000 domains and categories. Fr ...

GAP (computer algebra system) GAP ( Groups, Algorithms and Programming) is an open source computer algebra system for computational discrete algebra with particular emphasis on computational group theory. History GAP was developed at Lehrstuhl D für Mathematik (LDFM), R ...

GiNaC GiNaC is a free computer algebra system released under the GNU General Public License. The name is a recursive acronym for "GiNaC is Not a CAS" (Computer Algebra System). This is similar to the GNU acronym "GNU's not Unix". What distinguishes G ...

gnuplot gnuplot is a command-line and GUI program that can generate two- and three-dimensional plots of functions, data, and data fits. The program runs on all major computers and operating systems (Linux, Unix, Microsoft Windows, macOS, FreeDOS, a ...

* Maxima *

Mathomatic Mathomatic is a Free and Open Source Software, free, porting, portable, General-purpose computing on graphics processing units, general-purpose computer algebra system (CAS) that can symbolic computation, symbolically equation solving, solve, s ...

Normaliz Normaliz is a free computer algebra system developed by Winfried Bruns, Robert Koch (1998–2002), Bogdam Ichim (2007/08) and Christof Soeger (2009–2016). It is published under the GNU General Public License version 2. Normaliz computes latti ...

SageMath SageMath (previously Sage or SAGE, "System for Algebra and Geometry Experimentation") is a computer algebra system (CAS) with features covering many aspects of mathematics, including algebra, combinatorics, graph theory, group theory, differentia ...

Singular (software) Singular (typeset Singular) is a computer algebra system for polynomial computations with special emphasis on the needs of commutative algebra, commutative and non-commutative algebra, algebraic geometry, and singularity theory. Singular has bee ...

SymPy SymPy is an open-source Python library for symbolic computation. It provides computer algebra capabilities either as a standalone application, as a library to other applications, or live on the web as SymPy Live or SymPy Gamma. SymPy is simple ...

Yacas Yacas is a general-purpose computer algebra system. The name is an acronym for ''Yet Another Computer Algebra System''. Released under the GNU Lesser General Public License, Yacas is free software. YACAS is a program for symbolic manipulation ...

Computer algebra systems

Axiom An axiom, postulate, or assumption is a statement that is taken to be true, to serve as a premise or starting point for further reasoning and arguments. The word comes from the Ancient Greek word (), meaning 'that which is thought worthy or ...

* Cadabra * Cambridge Algebra System *

CPMP-Tools CPMP-Tools is a Free software, free open-source software-package for Computer Algebra System (CAS). CPMP is an abbreviation for Core-Plus Mathematics Project. CPMP-Tools is released under the GNU General Public License. It works with three operating ...

* CoCoA *

Erable Erable is a computer algebra system (CAS) for a family of Hewlett-Packard graphing scientific calculators of the HP 40, 48 and HP 49/50 series. History Originally named ''ALGB'' in 1993, it was developed by the French mathematician f ...

PARI/GP PARI/GP is a computer algebra system with the main aim of facilitating number theory computations. Versions 2.1.0 and higher are distributed under the GNU General Public License. It runs on most common operating systems. System overview The P ...

Reduce Reduction, reduced, or reduce may refer to: Science and technology Chemistry * Reduction (chemistry), part of a reduction-oxidation (redox) reaction in which atoms have their oxidation state changed. ** Organic redox reaction, a redox reacti ...

* Xcas

Cryptography Cryptography, or cryptology (from "hidden, secret"; and ''graphein'', "to write", or ''-logy, -logia'', "study", respectively), is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of Adversary (cryptography), ...

Physics

Computational electromagnetics Computational electromagnetics (CEM), computational electrodynamics or electromagnetic modeling is the process of modeling the interaction of electromagnetic fields with physical objects and the environment using computers. It typically involve ...

* Meep * Elmer FEM solver * Numerical Electromagnetics Code

Computational fluid dynamics

* Code_Saturne * FEATool Multiphysics * MFEM * Nek5000 * Nektar++ *

* SU2 code

Computational particle physics

* CompHEP * UrQMD * APFEL (software), APFEL * Geant4

Computational astrophysics

* Astropy * CMBFAST * GADGET

Monte Carlo method

* EGS (program), EGS * MCSim * McStas * McXtrace * MPMC * TARDIS (software), TARDIS

symbolic manipulation systems

* FORM (symbolic manipulation system)

Statistics

* R (programming language), R – Statistics software

Numerical analysis

* Octave (language), Octave – Numerical analysis software * Scilab – Numerical analysis software

Geometry

* Geogebra – Geometry and algebra * C.a.R. * CaRMetal * DrGeo * Kig (software), Kig * KSEG (software), KSEG

Plot (graphics), Plotting software

* Chart.js * D3.js * ggplot2 * Graphics Layout Engine * Gnuplot * Grace (plotting tool), Grace * Matplotlib * Plotly * PLplot * PyX * ROOT * SciDAVis * Vega and Vega-Lite visualisation grammars, Vega

Charting

* JFreeChart * Matplotlib * R (programming language), R

Mathematical notation software

* AUCTeX * Apache OpenOffice#Components, Apache OpenOffice Math * AsciiMath * Calligra Words#Formula editor, Calligra Words - Formula editor * GeoGebra * GNOME LaTeX * GNU TeXmacs * Gummi (software), Gummi * KaTeX * Kile *

* LibreOffice Math#Included applications in LibreOffice, LibreOffice Math *

* MathJax *

* Notepad++ * Overleaf *

* TeX Live * Texmaker * TeXnicCenter * TeXShop * TeXstudio * TeXworks * Vim (text editor), Vim

Mathematical art software

* Apophysis (software), Apophysis * Electric Sheep * Fyre (software), Fyre * MilkDrop * openPlaG * XaoS * R (programming language), R / R (programming language)#Mandelbrot set, R Mandelbrot sets * Picogen * GeoGebra * Processing (programming language), Processing * P5.js * matplotlib *

* Inkscape#Object creation, Inkscape spirograph *

- PGF/TikZ * 3Blue1Brown#Manim, Manim * D3.js

Spreadsheet

* Collabora Online, Collabora Online Calc – spreadsheet component of the

package * LibreOffice Calc – spreadsheet component of the LibreOffice package * Gnumeric – spreadsheet program of the GNOME Project * Calligra Sheets – spreadsheet component of the Calligra Suite in KDE * Pyspread – spreadsheet which uses Python for macro programming, and allows each cell to contain data, the results of a calculation, a Python program, or the results of a Python program.

Mobile software

* Celestia (Android, iOS) * Calligra (Android) * Collabora Online, Collabora Office (Android, ChromeOS, iOS, iPadOS) * CoMaps (Android, iOS) * Conversations (software), Conversations (Android) * F-Droid (Android) – app store and software repository * I2P (Android) – anonymous network layer (implemented as a mix network) that allows for Internet censorship circumvention, censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer communication. *

: Offline web browser that allows users to download the entire content of Wikipedia for offline learning purposes. (Android) *

(Android) * Linphone (Android, iOS) * :fr:Monal_(logiciel), Monal (iOS) * Kali NetHunter#NetHunter App Store, NetHunter App Store (Android) – fork of F-Droid for Kali NetHunter * OpenVPN (Android, iOS) – virtual private network (VPN) system that implements techniques to create secure point-to-point or site-to-site connections in routed or bridged configurations and remote access facilities. It implements both Client-server architecture, client and server applications. * Orbot (Android, iOS) – Free software, free Proxy server, proxy Mobile app, app that provides anonymity on the Internet for users of the Android (operating system), Android and iOS Operating system, operating systems. It allows traffic from apps such as web browsers, email clients, map programs, and others to be routed via the Tor network. * Organic Maps (Android, iOS) * OsmAnd (Android) * Conversations (software)#Quicksy, Quicksy (Android) * Stellarium (software), Stellarium (Android, iOS) * Tor Browser – onion-routed browser by The Tor Project, based on Firefox ESR * VLC media player, VLC (Android, iOS) * Wikipedia (Android, iOS) – See also: List of Wikipedia mobile applications

Media

Audio editors, audio management

* Audacity (audio editor), Audacity * Ardour (software) , Ardour: Professional digital audio workstation * LMMS: Digital audio workstation

CD/USB-writing software

* Brasero (software) * cdrtools * K3b * X-CD-Roast

Flash animation

*Pencil2D – For animations *SWFTools – For scripting

Game engines

– Discontinued 2019 * Godot – Application for the design of cross-platform video games * MonoGame – C Sharp (programming language), C# framework *Open 3D Engine, Open3DEngine – Based on Amazon Lumberyard * Stride – (prev. Xenko) 2D and 3D cross-platform

originally developed by Silicon Studio

Chess engines

*KnightCap *Leela Chess Zero – Universal Chess Interface chess engine *Stockfish (chess), Stockfish – Universal Chess Interface chess engine

Graphics

2D

*Pencil2D – Simple 2D graphics and animation program *Synfig – 2D vector graphics and timeline based animation *TupiTube (formerly KTooN) – Application for the design and creation of animation *OpenToonz – Part of a family of 2D animation software *

– Digital painting, sketching and 2D animation application, with a variety of brush engines *

– Computer graphics software, Blender's Grease Pencil tools allow for 2D animation within a full 3D pipeline. *mtPaint – raster graphics editor for creating Icon (computing), icons, pixel art

3D

– Computer graphics software featuring modeling, sculpting, texturing, rigging, simulation, rendering, camera tracking, video editing, and compositing *

* MakeHuman *OpenFX (software), OpenFX – Modeling and animation software with a variety of built-in post processing effects *Picogen – Scenery generator, terrain generator *Seamless3d – Node-driven 3D modeling software * Wings 3D – Subdivision surface, subdivision modeler inspired by N-World, Nendo and Mirai (software), Mirai from Izware.

3D rendering

* Aqsis * Blender (software)#Cycles, Cycles and Blender (software)#EEVEE, EEVEE –

rendering * LuxCoreRender * MoonRay * POV-Ray * Radiance * Sunflow

Image galleries

* Shotwell (software), Shotwell * Wikimedia Commons

Image viewers

*Eye of GNOME *F-spot *feh (image viewer), feh *Geeqie *Gthumb *Gwenview *KPhotoAlbum *Opticks (software), Opticks

Maps

* GeoDa * GeoServer * GeoTools * GRASS GIS * GvSIG * ILWIS * JUMP GIS * Kosmo (GIS) * Libre Map Project * MapWindow GIS * Mapnik * MapServer * Marble (software), Marble *

* OpenLayers *

* SAGA GIS * uDig * Whitebox Geospatial Analysis Tools

Multimedia codecs, containers, splitters

Music

Subtitle

* Aegisub * Gnome Subtitles * Subtitle Edit

Television

Video converters

*Dr. DivX *FFmpeg *MEncoder *OggConvert

Video editing

*Avidemux *AviSynth *

*Cinelerra *Flowblade *Kdenlive *Kino (software), Kino *LiVES *Losslesscut, LosslessCut *Natron (software), Natron *Olive (software), Olive *OpenShot *Open Movie Editor *Pitivi *Shotcut *VirtualDub *VirtualDubMod *VLMC#VLMC, VideoLAN Movie Creator

DVD authoring

*DeVeDe *DVD Flick *DVDStyler

Screencast

* recordMyDesktop *Open Broadcaster Software (OBS Studio) – Cross-platform streaming and recording program

Other media packages

*Celtx – Media pre-production software

Ripping

* K9Copy * Thoggen

Video encoders

*Avidemux *HandBrake *FFmpeg *OggConvert

Video players

*Media Player Classic *VLC media player * mpv (media player), mpv

Networking and Internet

Advertising

*Revive Adserver

Communication-related

*Asterisk PBX, Asterisk – Telephony and Voice over IP, VoIP server *Ekiga – Video conferencing application for GNOME and Microsoft Windows *Conference XP, ConferenceXP – video conferencing application for Windows XP or later *:fr:Dino_(logiciel), Dino - XMPP, xmpp client, supporting both OMEMO encryption and Jingle (protocol), Jingle Conference call, Audio/Videotelephony, Video protocol, under

and Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD. *FreePBX – Front-end and advanced PBX configuration for Asterisk PBX, Asterisk *FreeSWITCH – Telephony platform *Gajim – xmpp client *I2P – anonymous network layer (implemented as a mix network) that allows for Internet censorship circumvention, censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer communication. *Jami (software), Jami – Cross-platform, peer to peer instant-messaging and video-calling protocol that offers end-to-end encryption and SIP client *Jitsi –

VoIP and Instant Messaging client *QuteCom – Voice, video, and IM client application *Enterprise Communications System sipXecs – SIP Communications Server *Slrn – News client, Newsreader *Telegram (software), Telegram *Twinkle (software), Twinkle – VoIP softphone *Tox (protocol), Tox – Cross-platform, peer-to-peer instant-messaging and video-calling protocol that offers end-to-end encryption

E-mail

*Amavis – Email content filter *Claws Mail – Email Client *Fetchmail – Email Retrieval *Geary (software), Geary – Email client based on WebKitGTK+ *GNUMail – Cross-platform email client *Hula (software), Hula – Discontinued mail and calendar project *K-9 Mail – Android Email Client *MailScanner – Email security system *MH Message Handling System – Email Client *Modest (email client), Modest – Email Client *Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups – Email Client that was part of the now discontinued Mozilla Application Suite *Mozilla Thunderbird – Email, news, RSS, and chat client *POPFile – Cross-platform mail filter *Roundcube – Web-based IMAP email client *Sylpheed – Email and News Client *Sympa – Mailing list management software, MLA software

File transfer

* FileZilla, Filezilla

Grid and distributed processing

*GNU Queue *HTCondor *pexec

Instant messaging

IRC Clients

Middleware

*Apache Axis2 – Web service framework (implementations are available in both

& C) *Apache Geronimo – Application server * Bonita Open Solution – a J2EE web application and java BPMN2 compliant engine *GlassFish – Application server *Apache Tomcat – Servlet container and standalone webserver *JBoss – Application server *OpenRemote – IoT Middleware *TAO (software) – C++ implementation of the OMG's CORBA standard *Enduro/X – C/C++ middleware platform based on X/Open group's XATMI and XA standards

RSS, Atom readers, aggregators

*Akregator – Platforms running KDE *Liferea – Platforms running GNOME *NetNewsWire – macOS, iOS *RSS Bandit – Windows, using

framework *RSSOwl – Windows, macOS, Solaris, Linux using Java SWT Eclipse *Sage (Mozilla Firefox extension)

Peer-to-peer file sharing

*I2P – anonymous network layer (implemented as a mix network) that allows for Internet censorship circumvention, censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer communication. *Popcorn Time – Multi-platform, free, and open-source media player *qBittorrent – Alternative to popular clients such as μTorrent *Transmission (BitTorrent client), Transmission – BitTorrent client *Deluge (software), Deluge – BitTorrent client

Portal Server

*Drupal *Liferay *Sun Java System Portal Server *uPortal

Remote access and management

*NX technology, FreeNX *OpenVPN *rdesktop *Synergy (software), Synergy *Virtual Network Computing, VNC (RealVNC, TightVNC, UltraVNC) *Remmina (based on FreeRDP)

Routing software

Web browsers

Graphical

*Chromium (web browser), Chromium – web browser using the custom Blink (browser engine), Blink engine from which Google Chrome draws its source code *Brave (web browser), Brave – privacy-focused web browser based on Chromium browser *Falkon – web browser based on Blink engine, a KDE project *Firefox – Mozilla-developed web browser using Gecko (software), Gecko layout engine *Waterfox – Firefox Fork (software development), fork supporting legacy extensions, 64-bit only *Pale Moon – a customizable fork of Firefox *Tor Browser – onion-routed browser by The Tor Project, based on Firefox ESR *GNOME Web – WebKit-based web browser for the GNOME desktop environment *Midori (web browser), Midori – Lightweight web browser using the WebKit layout engine *qutebrowser – keyboard operated Webkit-based browser with Vi (text editor), vi-like keybindings *SeaMonkey, SeaMonkey Navigator – the SeaMonkey internet suite's web browser *Surf (web browser), Surf – a minimal Tab (interface), tab-less browser by suckless.org using WebKitGTK *Firefox Focus – privacy-focused mobile web browser from Mozilla available for Android (operating system), Android and iOS

Text-based

*Lynx (web browser), Lynx – a text-based web browser developed since 1992 *Links (web browser), Links – a Text-based user interface, text-based browser with a Linux framebuffer, framebuffer-based graphical mode *ELinks – fork of Links with JavaScript support

Webcam

*Cheese (software), Cheese – GNOME webcam application *Guvcview – Linux webcam application

Webgrabber

*cURL *HTTrack *Wget

Web-related

*Apache Cocoon – A web application framework *Apache Tomcat *Apache HTTP Server, Apache – The most popular web server *AWStats – Log file parser and analyzer *BookmarkSync – Tool for browsers *Caddy (web server), Caddy – an extensible, cross-platform, open-source web server written in Go. *Cherokee (web server), Cherokee – Fast, feature-rich HTTP server *curl-loader – Powerful HTTP/HTTPS/FTP/FTPS loading and testing tool *Docker (software), Docker – Docker Engine is open-source for

only *FileZilla – FTP *H2O (web server), H2O – supports HTTP/2, Transport Layer Security, TLS, and HTTP/2 Server Push, server push *Hiawatha (web server), Hiawatha – Secure, high performance, and easy-to-configure HTTP server *HTTP File Server – User-friendly file server software, with a drag-and-drop interface *lighttpd – Resource-sparing, but also fast and full-featured, HTTP Server *Lucee – CFML application server *Nginx – Lightweight, high performance web server/reverse proxy and e-mail (IMAP/POP3) proxy *NetKernel – Internet application server *Qcodo – PHP5 framework *Squid (software), Squid – Web proxy cache *thttpd – designed for simplicity, small memory footprint, and speed *Vaadin – Fast, Java-based framework for creating web applications *Varnish (software), Varnish – High-performance web application accelerator/reverse proxy and load balancer/HTTP router *XAMPP – Package of web applications including Apache HTTP Server, Apache and

– Web application server

Web search engines

*Searx – Self-hostable metasearch engine *YaCy – P2P-based search engine

Other networking programs

*JXplorer – Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, LDAP client *Nextcloud – A fork of ownCloud *OpenLDAP – Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, LDAP server *ownCloud – File share and sync server *Wireshark – Network monitor

Office software

Text editors

Spreadsheet software

Office suites

*Apache OpenOffice – The cross platform office productivity suite from

(ASF) consists of programs for word processing, spreadsheets, presentation, diagrams and drawings, databases, etc. *Calligra Suite – The office productivity suite from KDE consists of programs for word processing, spreadsheets, presentation, databases, vector graphics, and digital painting *

– Enterprise-ready edition of LibreOffice, web application, mobile phone, tablet, Chromebook and desktop (Windows, macOS, Linux) *LibreOffice – The cross platform office productivity suite from The Document Foundation (TDF) consists of programs for word processing, spreadsheets, presentation, diagrams and drawings, databases, etc. *OnlyOffice#Desktop editors, OnlyOffice Desktop Editors – An open-source offline edition of the Cloud

PDF Editors

*PDFsam Basic edition - A free, open source, platform independent software designed to split, merge, mix, extract pages and rotate PDF files for Windows, Linux, MacOS. Open-source version of their commercial offering.

Operating systems

Be advised that available distributions of these systems can contain, or offer to build and install, added software that is neither free software nor open-source. * Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD:

, NetBSD, GhostBSD, TrueNAS, MidnightBSD, DragonFly BSD,

, XigmaNAS, among others. * GrapheneOS * Kali NetHunter *

: Debian, Ubuntu, Manjaro, Fedora Linux, Fedora, openSUSE, antiX, NixOS, Kali Linux, Kali, Alpine Linux, Alpine, Tails, Mageia, Slackware, Gentoo Linux, Gentoo, BlackArch, among others. * LineageOS: An Android (operating system), android-based operative system for tablets and mobile phones. * GNU Hurd * Mobian * Plasma Mobile * PostmarketOS * PureOS * Ubuntu Touch * Redox (operating system), Redox OS * FreeDOS – a free OS compatible with IBM PC DOS and Microsoft's MS-DOS * ReactOS – an open-source OS intended to run the same software as Windows, originally designed to simulate Windows NT 4.0, later aiming at Windows 7 compatibility. It has been in the development stage since 1996.

Emulation and Virtualization

*AppleWin *DOSBox – DOS programs emulator (including PC games) *GNOME Boxes *Hercules (emulator) *Kernel-based Virtual Machine *QEMU *VirtualBox – Hypervisor#Classification, hosted hypervisor for x86 virtualization

Personal information managers

*Chandler (software), Chandler – Developed by the Open Source Applications Foundation (OSAF) *KAddressBook *Kontact *KOrganizer *Mozilla Calendar – Mozilla-based, multi-platform calendar program *GNOME Evolution *Perkeep – Personal data store for pictures *Project.net – Commercial project management *TeamLab – Platform for project management and collaboration

Programming language support

Programming languages

* Ada (programming language), Ada * Bash (Unix shell), Bash * C * C Sharp (programming language), C# * C++ * Carbon (programming language) * Chapel (programming language), Chapel * Clojure * Crystal (programming language), Crystal * D (programming language), D * Dart (programming language), Dart * Elixir (programming language), Elixir * Erlang (programming language), Erlang * F Sharp (programming language), F# * GNU awk * GNU Fortran * Gleam (programming language), Gleam * Go (programming language), Go * Hack (programming language), Hack * Haskell * IDL (programming language), IDL * J (programming language), J *

* JavaScript * Julia (programming language), Julia * Kotlin (programming language), Kotlin * Lua (programming language), Lua *

* ML (programming language), ML * Nim (programming language), Nim *

* PHP * Prolog *

* R (programming language), R * Racket (programming language), Racket * Ruby (programming language), Ruby * Rust (programming language), Rust * Scala (programming language), Scala * Shell script, Shell *

* Swift (programming language), Swift * Tcl * TypeScript * V (programming language), V * Zig (programming language), Zig

Source code editors

* Acme (Plan 9), Acme * Arachnophilia * Atom (text editor), Atom * Bluefish (software), Bluefish * Brackets (text editor), Brackets * Edinburgh Compatible Context Editor, ECCE * ed (software), ed * Elvis (text editor), Elvis * Emacs, GNU Emacs * Extensible Versatile Editor, Extensible Versatile Editor (EVE) * FeatherPad * Geany * gedit * GNOME Text Editor * JED (text editor), JED * jEdit * JOVE * Project Jupyter#Jupyter Notebook, Jupyter Notebook * Kate (text editor), Kate * Kile * Komodo Edit * KWrite * Lapis (text editor), Lapis * Language-Sensitive Editor, Language-Sensitive Editor (LSE) * Leo (text editor), Leo * Light Table (software), Light Table * MicroEMACS * Mousepad * Nano (text editor), GNU nano * Neovim * Notepad++ * nvi * SciTE * Stevie (text editor), Stevie * Textadept * Vi (text editor), Vi * Vile (text editor), vile * Vim (text editor), vim * Visual Studio Code * Xed * XEmacs * Zed (text editor), Zed

Compilers and assemblers

* Amsterdam Compiler Kit * BBC BASIC * Bigloo * Blitz BASIC * BDS C * CINT * Chez Scheme * Chicken (Scheme implementation), Chicken * Clang * Clozure CL * CMU Common Lisp * Cython * EiffelStudio * Embeddable Common Lisp * FASM * Free Pascal * FreeBASIC * G95 * Gambas * Gambit (Scheme implementation), Gambit * GNU Assembler * GNU Compiler Collection, GCC * GNU Compiler for Java * GNU Common Lisp * GNU Fortran * GNU Pascal * GNU Smalltalk * Glasgow Haskell Compiler, Glasgow Haskell * High Level Assembly * IL2CPU * Ikarus (Scheme implementation), Ikarus * IronRuby * javac * Jikes * Kawa (Scheme implementation), Kawa * LCC (compiler), LCC * LibertyEiffel * LLVM * MIT/GNU Scheme * Mono (software)#Mono-specific innovations, Mono compiler * Netwide Assembler * Nuitka * Numba * Open64 * PeachPie * Phalanger (compiler), Phalanger * Portable C Compiler, Portable C * Psyco * Pyjs * QB64 * ROSE (compiler framework), ROSE * Roslyn (compiler), Roslyn * Rust (programming language)#Compiler, rustc * SCM (Scheme implementation), SCM * Shed Skin * Small-C * Small Device C Compiler, Small Device C * SmartEiffel * Stalin (Scheme implementation), Stalin * Steel Bank Common Lisp * TenDRA Compiler, TenDRA * Tiny C Compiler, Tiny C * Vector Pascal * Watcom C/C++ * XPL * YARV * Yabasic * York Haskell Compiler, York Haskell * Zig (programming language)#Compiler, Zig Compiler

Bug trackers

*Bugzilla *Mantis Bugtracker, Mantis *Mindquarry *Redmine *Trac

Code generators

*Babel (transcompiler), Babel – JavaScript transcompiler *GNU bison, Bison *CodeSynthesis XSD – XML Data Binding compiler for C++ *CodeSynthesis XSD/e – Validating XML parser/serializer and C++ XML Data Binding generator for mobile and embedded systems *Flex lexical analyser – Generates lexical analyzers *Open Scene Graph – 3D graphics application programming interface *OpenSCDP – Open Smart Card Development Platform *SableCC – Parser generator for Java and

*SWIG – Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator for several languages *^txt2regex$ *xmlbeansxx – XML Data Binding code generator for C++ *YAKINDU Statechart Tools – Statechart code generator for C++ and Java

Documentation generators

*Doxygen – Tool for writing software reference documentation. The documentation is written within code *Mkd (software), Mkd – Extracts software documentation from source code files, pseudocode, or Comment (computer programming), comments *Natural Docs – Claims to use a more natural language as input from the comments, hence its name

Configuration software

*Autoconf *Automake *CMake

Debuggers (for testing and trouble-shooting)

*GNU Debugger – A portable debugger that runs on many

systems *Memtest86 – Stress-tests random access memory, RAM on x86 machines *Xnee – Record and replay tests

Integrated development environments

Version control systems

Reference management software

Risk Management

*Active Agenda – Operational risk management and Rapid application development platform

Science

Bioinformatics

* AMAP * BAli-Phy * BLAST (biotechnology), BLAST, CS-BLAST, BLAT (bioinformatics), BLAT * Bowtie (sequence analysis), Bowtie * Clustal * DECIPHER (software), DECIPHER * FASTA * Fast statistical alignment * HMMER * HH-suite * JAligner * MAFFT * MAVID * MUSCLE (alignment software), MUSCLE * Nextflow * Phyloscan * Probalign * ProbCons * Stemloc * T-Coffee * UGENE * Yass (software), Yass

Cheminformatics

* Chemistry Development Kit * JOELib * OpenBabel

Chemistry notation

* mhchem

Data science

* Apache Hadoop – distributed storage and processing framework * Apache Spark – unified analytics engine * ELKI - data analysis algorithms library * Jupyter Notebook – interactive computing * Keras – neural network library * KNIME – data analytics platform * Matplotlib – data visualization library * NumPy – numerical computing library * Orange (software), Orange – data mining tool * Pandas (software), pandas – data manipulation library *

* R (programming language), R – statistical computing language * SciPy – scientific computing library * scikit-learn – Python machine learning library * TensorFlow – machine learning framework * Weka (software), WEKA – machine learning and data analysis suite

Electronic lab notebooks

* Project Jupyter, Jupyter

Geographic information systems

Geoscience

Grid computing

Microscope image processing

* CellProfiler – Automatic microscopic analysis, aimed at individuals lacking training in

* Endrov – Java-based plugin architecture designed to analyse complex spatio-temporal image data * Fiji (software), Fiji – ImageJ-based image processing * Ilastik – Image-classification and segmentation software * ImageJ – Image processing application developed at the National Institutes of Health * IMOD (software), IMOD – 2D and 3D analysis of electron microscopy data * Insight Segmentation and Registration Toolkit, ITK – Development framework used for creation of image segmentation and registration programs * KNIME – Data analytics, reporting, and integration platform * VTK – C++ toolkit for 3D computer graphics, image processing, and visualisation * 3DSlicer – Medical image analysis and visualisation

Molecular design software

* Ascalaph Designer * Winmostar

Molecular dynamics

– Protein, lipid, and nucleic acid simulation *

– Molecular dynamics software * MDynaMix – General-purpose molecular dynamics, simulating mixtures of molecules *Molecular simulation - ms2, ''ms''2 – molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation package to predict thermophysical properties of fluids * NWChem – Quantum chemical and molecular dynamics software

Molecule editors

* Ascalaph Designer * Avogadro (software), Avogadro * Gabedit * JChemPaint * Kekulé Program * XDrawChem

Molecular graphics systems

* Avogadro (software), Avogadro * BALL * Gabedit * Jmol * Molekel * PyMOL * RasMol

Molecular mechanics modeling

* Avogadro (software), Avogadro *

* MDynaMix * ms2 (software), ms2 * OpenMM * Orac * NWChem * Q (software), Q * Quantum ESPRESSO

Molecular structure

* Chemfig * JChemPaint * XDrawChem * XyMTeX

Molecule viewer

* Avogadro (software), Avogadro – Plugin-extensible molecule visualisation * BALLView – Molecular modeling and visualisation * Jmol – 3D representation of molecules in many formats, for teaching use * Molekel – Molecule viewing software *

– Able to import PDB dataset and build up surfaces from them * PyMOL – High-quality representations of small molecules and biological macromolecules * QuteMol – Interactive molecule representations offering an array of innovative OpenGL visual effects * RasMol – Visualizes biological macromolecules

Nanotechnology

* nanoHUB * Ninithi – Visualise and analyse carbon allotropes, such as carbon nanotube, Fullerene, graphene nanoribbons

Plotting

*Veusz

Quantum chemistry

– Atomistic and molecular simulation of solid-state, liquid, molecular, and biological systems

Screensavers

*BOINC *Electric Sheep *XScreenSaver

Simulation software

* List of computer simulation software#Free or open-source, List of free and open source simulation software

Statistics

* R (programming language), R – Statistics software * LimeSurvey – Online survey system

Theology

Bible study tools

* Go Bible – A free Bible viewer application for Java mobile phones * Marcion (software), Marcion – Coptic language, Coptic–English language, English/Czech language, Czech dictionary * OpenLP – A worship presentation program licensed under the GNU General Public License * The SWORD Project – The CrossWire Bible Society's free software project

Typesetting

Web conferencing

* Jitsi, Jitsi Meet * OpenMeetings * Conference XP * Jami (software), Jami * BigBlueButton

References

External links

Open Source Software Directory (OSSD)
a collection of free and open-source software, FOSS organized by target audience.
List of open-source programs (LOOP) for Windows
maintained by the Ubuntu (operating system), Ubuntu Documentation Project.
The OSSwin Project
a list of

for Windows
Apache Project List

Apache Projects DirectorySoftware - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
*freesoft:Main_Page, Free Software Directory {{DEFAULTSORT:Open Source Software Packages Free software lists and comparisons Lists of software Software licensing, *

Artificial intelligence

General AI

Large language models

Computer vision

Machine learning

Planning

Robotics

Assistive technology

Speech (synthesis and recognition)

Other assistive technology

CAD

Computer-aided engineering (CAE)

Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)

Subtractive

Additive Manufacturing 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer ...

Electronic design automation (EDA)

Computer simulation

Cybersecurity

Antivirus

Data loss prevention

Data recovery

Forensics

=Anti-forensics

Disk erasing

Encryption

Disk encryption

Firewall

Network and security monitoring

Secure Shell (SSH)

Password management

Other cybersecurity programs

Data storage and management

Disk cleaning utilities

Backup software

Database management systems (including administration)

Data mining

Data Visualization Components

Digital Asset Management software system

Disk partitioning software

Enterprise search engines

ETLs (Extract Transform Load)

File archivers

File systems

Desktop publishing

E-book management and editing

Education

E-learning, learning support

Academic advising

Educational suites for children

Language

Operating systems

Mind mapping & others

Offline learning & Open data

Typing

Engineering

File formats

2D

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Vector Vector most often refers to: * Euclidean vector, a quantity with a magnitude and a direction * Disease vector, an agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism Vector may also refer to: Mathematics a ... imagery

3D

Video

Audio

Document & Text

Web and Interactive Media

Database & Data Storage

File managers

Finance

Accounting

Cryptocurrency

CRM

ERP

Human resources

Microfinance

Process management

Games

Game engines

Physics engines

Shader languages

Action

Application layer

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imagery

Vector Vector most often refers to: * Euclidean vector, a quantity with a magnitude and a direction * Disease vector, an agent that carries and transmits an infectious pathogen into another living organism Vector may also refer to: Mathematics a ...
imagery