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Holoadeninae
The Strabomantidae are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes ''Pristimantis'', the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Systematics The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae. *Holoadeninae **'' Bahius'' Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021 **''Barycholos'' Heyer, 1969 **'' Bryophryne'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Euparkerella'' Griffiths, 1959 **''Holoaden'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 **''Microkayla'' De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017 **'' Noblella'' Barbour, 1930 **'' Psychrophrynella'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Qosqophryne'' Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020 *Hypodactylinae **''Niceforonia'' Goin and Cochran, 1963 *Pristimantinae **'' Lynchius'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Oreobates'' Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 **'' Phrynopus'' Peters, 1873 **''Pristimantis ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noblella Pygmaea
''Noblella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble Gladwyn Kingsley Noble (September 20, 1894 – December 9, 1940) was an American zoologist who served as the head curator for the department of herpetology and the department of experimental biology at the American Museum of Natural History. Nob ..., who described the first species. Taxonomy The genus ''Noblella'' was originally erected to accommodate '' Sminthillus peruvianus'', but subsequently synonymized, first with '' Eleutherodactylus'' (1971) and then with '' Phrynopus'' (1975). ''Noblella'' was resurrected by De la Riva and colleagues in 2008. At the same time, the genus ''Phyllonastes'' was placed into synonymy with ''Noblella''. However, ''Noblella'', as currently defined, might still be polyphyletic. Description Species of the genus ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bryophryne
''Bryophryne'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. These frogs are endemic to south-eastern Peru in the Cusco Region, with an undescribed species from the Puno Region. Their range is separated from that of '' Phrynopus'' by the Apurímac River valley. Taxonomy The genus ''Bryophryne'' was erected in 2008 to accommodate two species that were in '' Phrynopus'' at that time; subfamily Holoadeninae was erected at the same time and placed in Strabomantidae. Description Species of the genus ''Bryophryne'' are smallish frogs, reaching maximum snout–vent length of in '' Bryophryne cophites''. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane, tympanic annulus, columella, and cavum tympanicum are absent. Dorsum is finely areolate whereas venter is coarsely areolate. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Bryophryne'': Three species from southern Peru, formerly classified in the genus ''Bryophryne'', were re-assigned to a new genu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Niceforonia
''Niceforonia'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae found in northern South America (from central Peru to Ecuador and Colombia). The name refers to Nicéforo María, Colombian herpetologist. Taxonomy the genus ''Niceforonia'' was resurrected from the synonymy of ''Phrynopus'' by Hedges and colleagues in 2008. No genetic data exist, and Hedges ''et al.'' placed it provisionally in the subfamily Strabomantinae along with the genera ''Phrynopus'', ''Oreobates'', and ''Lynchius'' with which it shares a synapomorphy. Based on genetic data from these three genera, Padial and colleagues moved them all into the subfamily Holoadeninae in 2014. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Niceforonia'': * '' Niceforonia adenobrachia'' (Ardila-Robayo, Ruiz-Carranza, and Barrera-Rodriguez, 1996) * '' Niceforonia aderca'' (Lynch, 2003) * '' Niceforonia araiodactyla'' (Duellman and Pramuk, 1999) * '' Niceforonia babax'' (Lynch, 1989) * '' Niceforonia brunnea'' (Lyn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Qosqophryne
''Qosqophryne'' is a genus of strabomantid frogs. These frogs are endemic to south-eastern Peru in the Cusco Region at 3270 to 3800 meters above sea level. A phylogenetic analysis found ''Qosqophryne'' as sister to the genus ''Microkayla'' and that this clade was more closely related to ''Noblella'' and ''Psychrophrynella'' than to other species in ''Bryophryne''. Taxonomy The genus ''Qosqophryne'' was erected in 2020 to accommodate three species that were in ''Bryophryne'' at that time. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Qosqophryne'': * ''Qosqophryne flammiventris'' Lehr and Catenazzi, 2010 * ''Qosqophryne gymnotis'' Lehr E, Catenazzi A 2009 * ''Qosqophryne mancoinca ''Qosqophryne mancoinca'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is only found in Santa Teresa, Cusco, Peru, between 3,519 and 3,707 meters above sea level. Its natural habitat is high altitude montane grasslands and cloud forest ...'' Mamani L, Catenazzi A, Ttito A, C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Noblella
''Noblella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species. Taxonomy The genus ''Noblella'' was originally erected to accommodate '' Sminthillus peruvianus'', but subsequently synonymized, first with ''Eleutherodactylus'' (1971) and then with '' Phrynopus'' (1975). ''Noblella'' was resurrected by De la Riva and colleagues in 2008. At the same time, the genus ''Phyllonastes'' was placed into synonymy with ''Noblella''. However, ''Noblella'', as currently defined, might still be polyphyletic. Description Species of the genus ''Noblella'' are small frogs measuring up to in snout–vent length. Head is no wider than the body. Tympanic membrane In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shape ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoaden
''Holoaden'', the highland frogs, is a small genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The species are endemic to south-eastern Brazil. Taxonomy ''Holoaden'' is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in the newly erected family Strabomantidae. Prior to this, it had been placed in the genus Brachycephalidae. Description ''Holoaden'' grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent. Dorsum is highly glandular. Venter is areolate. Species There are four recognized species in this genus: * '' Holoaden bradei'' Lutz, 1958 * ''Holoaden luederwaldti ''Holoaden luederwaldti'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rocky areas. It ...'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 * '' Holoaden pholeter'' Pombal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahius
''Bahius'' is a genus of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It contains a single species, ''Bahius bilineatus''. It was long classified in the genus '' Eleutherodactylus'' in the family Eleuthrodactylidae, until later studies found it to form a clade with '' Noblella'' and ''Barycholos'' within subfamily Holoadeninae. Due to this, it was reclassified to the monotypic genus ''Bahius''. It is endemic to the Bahia state in eastern Brazil. Its natural habitat is lowland moist forest, but it also occurs in cocoa plantations. With trees around, it accepts habitat alteration. It has been found in leaf litter and in bromeliad The Bromeliaceae (the bromeliads) are a family of monocot flowering plants of about 80 genera and 3700 known species, native mainly to the tropical Americas, with several species found in the American subtropics and one in tropical west Africa, ...s. It can be threatened by habitat loss. References Strabomantidae Endemic fauna of Brazil Amphibia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lynchius
''Lynchius'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The name honours herpetologist John D. Lynch. The distribution of ''Lynchius'' is restricted to the Cordillera Oriental in southern Ecuador and Cordillera de Huancabamba in northern Peru. Taxonomy The genus is relatively new; it was split off from '' Phrynopus'' in 2008 in order to resolve the paraphyly of that genus. The sister taxon of ''Lynchius'' is ''Oreobates''. Description ''Lynchius'' are relatively small frogs (snout–vent length up to in '' Lynchius flavomaculatus'') with a narrow head, not as wide as body. Skin is smooth. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Lynchius'': * '' Lynchius flavomaculatus'' (Parker, 1938) * '' Lynchius megacephalus'' Sánchez-Nivicela, Urgilés, Navarrete, Yánez-Muñoz, and Ron, 2019 * '' Lynchius nebulanastes'' (Cannatella, 1984) * '' Lynchius oblitus'' Motta, Chaparro, Pombal, Guayasamin, De la Riva, and Padial, 2016 * ''Lynchius parkeri ''Lynchi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychrophrynella
''Psychrophrynella'' is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae The genus is distributed on the Andes of southern Peru and Bolivia. One of the four species assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is assessed as " Critically Endangered". The name ''Psychrophrynella'' is a contraction of the Greek ' meaning cold and ''phrynos'' meaning toad, with the Greek diminutive suffix ''ella''. It refers to their relatively cold habitats. Description Species of the genus ''Psychrophrynella'' are small frogs measuring between snout–vent length. They are characterized by narrow head, absence of differentiated tympanic membrane (except in ''Psychrophrynella boettgeri'') and, in most species, absence of tympanic annulus. Dorsum is smooth, granular, or shagreen. Venter is finely granular, granular, or coarsely granular (but smooth in ''Psychrophrynella pinguis ''Microkayla pinguis'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Boli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euparkerella
''Euparkerella'', sometimes known as Guanabara frogs, is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are endemic to the Atlantic coastal forests in the south-eastern Brazilian states of Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro. The name ''Euparkerella'' honours H. W. Parker, a herpetologist who named the type species, with the Greek prefix ''eu'' meaning true and suffix ''ella'', a diminutive form. Taxonomy Species of ''Euparkerella'' are traditionally distinguished using morphological traits. However, these species do not align well with genetically distinct units, with the latter suggesting higher diversity than the former, especially within '' Euparkerella brasiliensis'' and ''Euparkerella cochranae''. It remains unresolved whether the genetically distinct units qualify as different species. Description Species of ''Euparkerella'' are small frogs, growing to snout–vent length at most. The digits are extremely reduced, compared to those of their larger relatives. Head is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microkayla
''Microkayla'' is a genus of frogs in the family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ... Strabomantidae. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Microkayla'': References Amphibians of South America Amphibian genera {{Strabomantidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes ''Pristimantis'', the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Systematics The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae. *Holoadeninae **''Bahius'' Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021 **''Barycholos'' Heyer, 1969 **'' Bryophryne'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Euparkerella'' Griffiths, 1959 **''Holoaden'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 **''Microkayla'' De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017 **'' Noblella'' Barbour, 1930 **'' Psychrophrynella'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Qosqophryne'' Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020 *Hypodactylinae **''Niceforonia'' Goin and Cochran, 1963 *Pristimantinae **''Lynchius'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Oreobates'' Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 **'' Phrynopus'' Peters, 1873 **''Pristimantis ''Prist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |