Noblella Pygmaea
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''Noblella'' is a genus of frogs in the family
Strabomantidae The Strabomantidae, sometimes called cloud forest landfrogs, are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes '' Pristimantis'', the mo ...
. They are found on the eastern slopes of the
Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...
and in the
Amazon Basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributary, tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries ...
in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.


Taxonomy

The genus ''Noblella'' was originally erected to accommodate '' Sminthillus peruvianus'', but subsequently synonymized, first with ''
Eleutherodactylus ''Eleutherodactylus'' is a genus of frogs in the family Eleutherodactylidae.Hedges, S. B., W. E. Duellman, and M. P. Heinicke . 2008. New World direct-developing frogs (Anura: Terrarana): molecular phylogeny, classification, biogeography, and c ...
'' (1971) and then with ''
Phrynopus ''Phrynopus'' is a genus of frogs of the family Strabomantidae. Their common name is Andes frogs. They are endemic to Peru and inhabit the upper humid montane forest and supra-treeline grassland in the Cordillera Oriental (Peru), Cordillera Orie ...
'' (1975). ''Noblella'' was resurrected by De la Riva and colleagues in 2008. At the same time, the genus ''Phyllonastes'' was placed into synonymy with ''Noblella''. However, ''Noblella'', as currently defined, might still be
polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
.


Description

Species of the genus ''Noblella'' are small frogs measuring up to in snout–vent length. Head is no wider than the body.
Tympanic membrane In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear. Its function is to transmit changes in pressur ...
is differentiated except in '' Noblella duellmani''. Dorsum is pustulate or shagreen. Venter is smooth.


Species

The following species are recognised in the genus ''Noblella'':


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q93606 Strabomantidae Amphibians of South America Amphibian genera Taxa named by Thomas Barbour