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Holoaden
''Holoaden'', the highland frogs, is a small genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The species are endemic to south-eastern Brazil. Taxonomy ''Holoaden'' is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in the newly erected family Strabomantidae. Prior to this, it had been placed in the genus Brachycephalidae. Description ''Holoaden'' grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent. Dorsum is highly glandular. Venter is areolate. Species There are four recognized species in this genus: * '' Holoaden bradei'' Lutz, 1958 * ''Holoaden luederwaldti ''Holoaden luederwaldti'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rocky areas. It ...'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 * '' Holoaden pholeter'' Pombal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoaden Bradei
''Holoaden bradei'', or the Itatiaia highland frog, is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to the Itatiaia Mountains of south-eastern Brazil. It is restricted to an area of 10 km2 at an elevation of 2,400 to 2,600, the type locality being at 22°21′S, 44°44′W at a location known as Alto Itatiaia. ''H. bradei'' is found among stones, mulch, and terrestrial bromeliads, in which it breeds through direct development. ''H. bradei'' may already be extinct in the wild because it has not been recorded in the wild for several decades.“Itatiaia Highland Frog Photos and Facts.�Arkive.org/ref> Description It is a small frog that has an olive-brown skin color with irregular dark patches around its body. The belly of the frog is a cream color, and the tips of the frog's hands are a bright yellow. It has a large, wide head with an oval body and a rounded snout. It has short limbs, and has large eyes that face forward. The Highland frog's eyes have diamon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoaden
''Holoaden'', the highland frogs, is a small genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The species are endemic to south-eastern Brazil. Taxonomy ''Holoaden'' is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in the newly erected family Strabomantidae. Prior to this, it had been placed in the genus Brachycephalidae. Description ''Holoaden'' grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent. Dorsum is highly glandular. Venter is areolate. Species There are four recognized species in this genus: * '' Holoaden bradei'' Lutz, 1958 * ''Holoaden luederwaldti ''Holoaden luederwaldti'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rocky areas. It ...'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 * '' Holoaden pholeter'' Pombal, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoaden Suarezi
''Holoaden'', the highland frogs, is a small genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The species are endemic to south-eastern Brazil. Taxonomy ''Holoaden'' is the type genus of subfamily Holoadeninae that was erected in 2008 and placed in the newly erected family Strabomantidae. Prior to this, it had been placed in the genus Brachycephalidae. Description ''Holoaden'' grow to snout–vent length at most. Head is narrower than the body. Differentiated tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus are absent. Dorsum is highly glandular. Venter is areolate. Species There are four recognized species in this genus: * ''Holoaden bradei'' Lutz, 1958 * ''Holoaden luederwaldti ''Holoaden luederwaldti'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rocky areas. It ...'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 * '' Holoaden pholeter'' Pombal, Si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoaden Luederwaldti
''Holoaden luederwaldti'' is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland, and rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss Habitat destruction (also termed habitat loss and habitat reduction) is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. The organisms that previously inhabited the site are displaced or dead, thereby .... References Holoaden Endemic fauna of Brazil Amphibians of Brazil Taxa named by Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro Amphibians described in 1920 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot {{Strabomantidae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Strabomantidae
The Strabomantidae are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes ''Pristimantis'', the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Systematics The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae. *Holoadeninae **''Bahius'' Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021 **''Barycholos'' Heyer, 1969 **'' Bryophryne'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Euparkerella'' Griffiths, 1959 **''Holoaden'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 **''Microkayla'' De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017 **'' Noblella'' Barbour, 1930 **'' Psychrophrynella'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Qosqophryne'' Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020 *Hypodactylinae **''Niceforonia'' Goin and Cochran, 1963 *Pristimantinae **''Lynchius'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Oreobates'' Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 **'' Phrynopus'' Peters, 1873 **''Pristimantis ''Prist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holoadeninae
The Strabomantidae are a family of frogs native to South America. These frogs lack a free-living larval stage and hatch directly into miniature "froglets". This family includes ''Pristimantis'', the most speciose genus of any vertebrate. Systematics The following subfamilies and genera are in the family Strabomantidae. *Holoadeninae **'' Bahius'' Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021 **''Barycholos'' Heyer, 1969 **'' Bryophryne'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **'' Euparkerella'' Griffiths, 1959 **''Holoaden'' Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 **''Microkayla'' De la Riva, Chaparro, Castroviejo-Fisher, and Padial, 2017 **'' Noblella'' Barbour, 1930 **'' Psychrophrynella'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Qosqophryne'' Catenazzi, Mamani, Lehr, and von May, 2020 *Hypodactylinae **''Niceforonia'' Goin and Cochran, 1963 *Pristimantinae **'' Lynchius'' Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008 **''Oreobates'' Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 **'' Phrynopus'' Peters, 1873 **''Pristimantis ''P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alípio De Miranda-Ribeiro
Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro (21 February 1874, Rio Preto, Minas Gerais – 8 January 1939) was a Brazilian herpetologist and ichthyologist. His son, Paulo de Miranda-Ribeiro (1901-1965) was also a zoologist. From an early age Alípio de Miranda-Ribeiro had a passion for natural history; as an adolescent he translated works of Buffon into Portuguese. He studied medicine in Rio de Janeiro, and from 1894 worked as a preparator at the National Museum of Brazil. Here he later served as secretary (from 1899), and director of the department of zoology (from 1929). During his career he explored the Amazon region many times, and under the direction of Candido Rondon (1865-1958), he took part in installing the first telegraph through the Amazon and Mato Grosso. In 1911, after visiting museums and fishery programs in Europe and the United States, he founded a fisheries inspectorate in Brazil, the first official services on fisheries in the nation. In 1911 he published the highly regarde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Amphibians Of South America
Amphibians are four-limbed and ectothermic vertebrates of the class Amphibia. All living amphibians belong to the group Lissamphibia. They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial, fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Thus amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water, but some species have developed behavioural adaptations to bypass this. The young generally undergo metamorphosis from larva with gills to an adult air-breathing form with lungs. Amphibians use their skin as a secondary respiratory surface and some small terrestrial salamanders and frogs lack lungs and rely entirely on their skin. They are superficially similar to reptiles like lizards but, along with mammals and birds, reptiles are amniotes and do not require water bodies in which to breed. With their complex reproductive needs and permeable skins, amphibians are often ecological indicators; in recent decades there has been a dramatic de ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Endemic Fauna Of Brazil
Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. For example, the Cape sugarbird is found exclusively in southwestern South Africa and is therefore said to be ''endemic'' to that particular part of the world. An endemic species can be also be referred to as an ''endemism'' or in scientific literature as an ''endemite''. For example ''Cytisus aeolicus'' is an endemite of the Italian flora. ''Adzharia renschi'' was once believed to be an endemite of the Caucasus, but it was later discovered to be a non-indigenous species from South America belonging to a different genus. The extreme opposite of an endemic species is one with a cosmopolitan distribution, having a global or widespread range. A rare alternative term for a species that is endemic is "precinctive", which applies to s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tympanum (anatomy)
The tympanum is an external hearing structure in animals such as mammals, birds, some reptiles, some amphibians and some insects. Using sound, vertebrates and many insects are capable of sensing their prey, identifying and locating their predators, warning other individuals, and locating potential mates and rivals by hearing the intentional or unintentional sounds they make. In general, any animal that reacts to sounds or communicates by means of sound, needs to have an auditory mechanism. This typically consists of a membrane capable of vibration known as the tympanum, an air-filled chamber and sensory organs to detect the auditory stimuli. Anurans In frogs and toads, the tympanum is a large external oval shape membrane made up of nonglandular skin. It is located just behind the eye. It does not process sound waves; it simply transmits them to the inner parts of the amphibian's ear, which is protected from the entry of water and other foreign objects. A frog's ear drum wo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dorsum (anatomy)
Standard anatomical terms of location are used to unambiguously describe the anatomy of animals, including humans. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position provides a definition of what is at the front ("anterior"), behind ("posterior") and so on. As part of defining and describing terms, the body is described through the use of anatomical planes and anatomical axes. The meaning of terms that are used can change depending on whether an organism is bipedal or quadrupedal. Additionally, for some animals such as invertebrates, some terms may not have any meaning at all; for example, an animal that is radially symmetrical will have no anterior surface, but can still have a description that a part is close to the middle ("proximal") or further from the middle ("distal"). International organisations have determined vocabularies that are often used as standard vocabularies for subdisciplines of ana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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