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Events


Pre-1600

* 537Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cut off. * 986Louis V becomes the last Carolingian king of West Francia after the death of his father, Lothaire. * 1331 – Fall of Nicaea to the Ottoman Turks after a siege. * 1444Skanderbeg organizes a group of Albanian nobles to form the League of Lezhë. * 1458George of PodÄ›brady is chosen as the king of
Bohemia Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...
. * 1476Burgundian Wars: The Old Swiss Confederacy hands Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, a major defeat in the Battle of Grandson in Canton of Neuchâtel. * 1484 – The College of Arms is formally incorporated by
Royal Charter A royal charter is a formal grant issued by a monarch under royal prerogative as letters patent. Historically, they have been used to promulgate public laws, the most famous example being the English Magna Carta (great charter) of 1215, but ...
signed by King Richard III of England. * 1498Vasco da Gama's fleet visits the Island of Mozambique.


1601–1900

* 1657 – The Great Fire of Meireki begins in Edo (now
Tokyo Tokyo, officially the Tokyo Metropolis, is the capital of Japan, capital and List of cities in Japan, most populous city in Japan. With a population of over 14 million in the city proper in 2023, it is List of largest cities, one of the most ...
), Japan, causing more than 100,000 deaths before it exhausts itself three days later. * 1776
American Revolutionary War The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was the armed conflict that comprised the final eight years of the broader American Revolution, in which Am ...
: Patriot militia units attempt to prevent capture of supply ships in and around the Savannah River by a small fleet of the
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...
in the Battle of the Rice Boats. * 1791Claude Chappe demonstrates the first semaphore line near Paris. * 1797 – The
Bank of England The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the Kingdom of England, English Government's banker and debt manager, and still one ...
issues the first one-pound and two-pound
banknote A banknote or bank notealso called a bill (North American English) or simply a noteis a type of paper money that is made and distributed ("issued") by a bank of issue, payable to the bearer on demand. Banknotes were originally issued by commerc ...
s. * 1807 – The U.S. Congress passes the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, disallowing the importation of new slaves into the country. * 1811Argentine War of Independence: A royalist fleet defeats a small flotilla of revolutionary ships in the Battle of San Nicolás on the River Plate. * 1815 – Signing of the Kandyan Convention treaty by British invaders and the leaders of the Kingdom of Kandy. * 1836Texas Revolution: The Declaration of independence of the Republic of Texas from Mexico is adopted. * 1855Alexander II becomes Tsar of Russia. * 1859 – The two-day Great Slave Auction, once thought to be the largest such auction in
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
history, begins. * 1865East Cape War: The Völkner Incident in New Zealand. * 1867 – The U.S. Congress passes the first Reconstruction Act. * 1877 – Just two days before inauguration, the U.S. Congress declares Rutherford B. Hayes the winner of the 1876 U.S. presidential election even though Samuel J. Tilden had won the popular vote. * 1882
Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until Death and state funeral of Queen Victoria, her death in January 1901. Her reign of 63 year ...
narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Roderick Maclean in Windsor.


1901–present

* 1901United States Steel Corporation is founded as a result of a merger between Carnegie Steel Company and Federal Steel Company which became the first corporation in the world with a market capital over $1 billion. * 1901 – The U.S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment limiting the autonomy of
Cuba Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is an island country, comprising the island of Cuba (largest island), Isla de la Juventud, and List of islands of Cuba, 4,195 islands, islets and cays surrounding the main island. It is located where the ...
, as a condition of the withdrawal of American troops. * 1903 – In New York City the Martha Washington Hotel opens, becoming the first hotel exclusively for women. * 1917 – The enactment of the Jones–Shafroth Act grants Puerto Ricans United States citizenship. * 1919 – The first Communist International meets in Moscow. * 1932 – Finnish president P. E. Svinhufvud gives a radio speech, which four days later finally ends the Mäntsälä Rebellion and the far-right Lapua Movement that started it. * 1933 – The film '' King Kong'' premieres in Radio City Music Hall and RKO Roxy in
New York City New York, often called New York City (NYC), is the most populous city in the United States, located at the southern tip of New York State on one of the world's largest natural harbors. The city comprises five boroughs, each coextensive w ...
* 1937 – The Steel Workers Organizing Committee signs a collective bargaining agreement with U.S. Steel, leading to unionization of the United States
steel Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon that demonstrates improved mechanical properties compared to the pure form of iron. Due to steel's high Young's modulus, elastic modulus, Yield (engineering), yield strength, Fracture, fracture strength a ...
industry. * 1939Cardinal Eugenio Pacelli is elected Pope and takes the name Pius XII. * 1941
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
: First German military units enter Bulgaria after it joins the Axis Pact. * 1943 – World War II: During the Battle of the Bismarck Sea Allied aircraft defeated a Japanese attempt to ship troops to New Guinea. *
1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025 * January 2 – Luis ...
Captain James Gallagher lands his B-50 Superfortress '' Lucky Lady II'' in
Fort Worth, Texas Fort Worth is a city in the U.S. state of Texas and the county seat of Tarrant County, Texas, Tarrant County, covering nearly into Denton County, Texas, Denton, Johnson County, Texas, Johnson, Parker County, Texas, Parker, and Wise County, Te ...
, after completing the first non-stop around-the-world airplane flight in 94 hours and one minute. * 1955Norodom Sihanouk, king of Cambodia, abdicates the throne in favor of his father, Norodom Suramarit. * 1962 – In Burma, the army led by General Ne Win seizes power in a '' coup d'état''. * 1962 – Wilt Chamberlain sets the single-game scoring record in the
National Basketball Association The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada). The NBA is one of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Ca ...
by scoring 100 points. * 1965 – The US and Republic of Vietnam Air Force begin Operation Rolling Thunder, a sustained bombing campaign against North Vietnam. * 1968Baggeridge Colliery closes marking the end of over 300 years of
coal mining Coal mining is the process of resource extraction, extracting coal from the ground or from a mine. Coal is valued for its Energy value of coal, energy content and since the 1880s has been widely used to Electricity generation, generate electr ...
in the Black Country. * 1969 – In
Toulouse Toulouse (, ; ; ) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Haute-Garonne department and of the Occitania (administrative region), Occitania region. The city is on the banks of the Garonne, River Garonne, from ...
, France, the first test flight of the Anglo-French Concorde is conducted. * 1970Rhodesia declares itself a
republic A republic, based on the Latin phrase ''res publica'' ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a State (polity), state in which Power (social and political), political power rests with the public (people), typically through their Representat ...
, breaking its last links with the British crown. * 1972 – The Pioneer 10 space probe is launched from Cape Canaveral,
Florida Florida ( ; ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southeastern United States, Southeastern region of the United States. It borders the Gulf of Mexico to the west, Alabama to the northwest, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia to the north, the Atlantic ...
with a mission to explore the outer
planet A planet is a large, Hydrostatic equilibrium, rounded Astronomical object, astronomical body that is generally required to be in orbit around a star, stellar remnant, or brown dwarf, and is not one itself. The Solar System has eight planets b ...
s. * 1977
Libya Libya, officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It borders the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya border, the east, Sudan to Libya–Sudan border, the southeast, Chad to Chad–L ...
becomes the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya as the General People's Congress adopted the " Declaration on the Establishment of the Authority of the People". * 1978Czech Vladimír Remek becomes the first non-Russian or non-American to go into
space Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless ...
, when he is launched aboard Soyuz 28. * 1978 – The late iconic actor
Charlie Chaplin Sir Charles Spencer Chaplin (16 April 188925 December 1977) was an English comic actor, filmmaker, and composer who rose to fame in the era of silent film. He became a worldwide icon through his screen persona, the Tramp, and is considered o ...
's coffin is stolen from his grave in Switzerland. * 1983Compact discs and players are released for the first time in the United States and other markets. They had previously been available only in Japan. * 1986Aeroflot Flight F-77 crashes near Bugulma Airport, killing all 38 people aboard. * 1989 – Twelve European Community nations agree to ban the production of all
chlorofluorocarbon Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are fully or partly Halogenation, halogenated hydrocarbons that contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), chlorine (Cl), and fluorine (F). They are produced as volatility (chemistry), volat ...
s (CFCs) by the end of the century. * 1990Nelson Mandela is elected deputy president of the African National Congress. * 1991 – Establishment of Kuwait Democratic Forum, center-left political organization in
Kuwait Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia and the geopolitical region known as the Middle East. It is situated in the northern edge of the Arabian Peninsula at the head of the Persian Gulf, bordering Iraq to Iraq–Kuwait ...
. *1991 – Battle at Rumaila oil field brings an end to the 1991 Gulf War. * 1992 – Start of the war in Transnistria. * 1992 –
Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...
,
Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...
,
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...
,
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir Mountains, Pamir mountain ranges. Bishkek is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Kyrgyzstan, largest city. Kyrgyz ...
, Moldova,
San Marino San Marino, officially the Republic of San Marino, is a landlocked country in Southern Europe, completely surrounded by Italy. Located on the northeastern slopes of the Apennine Mountains, it is the larger of two European microstates, microsta ...
,
Tajikistan Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Dushanbe is the capital city, capital and most populous city. Tajikistan borders Afghanistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, south, Uzbekistan to ...
, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, all of which (except San Marino) were former Soviet republics, join the
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and internationa ...
. * 1995 – Researchers at
Fermilab Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), located in Batavia, Illinois, near Chicago, is a United States Department of Energy United States Department of Energy National Labs, national laboratory specializing in high-energy particle phys ...
announce the discovery of the top quark. *1995 – Space Shuttle ''Endeavour'' launches from the
Kennedy Space Center The John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC, originally known as the NASA Launch Operations Center), located on Merritt Island, Florida, is one of the NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) ten NASA facilities#List of field c ...
on STS-67, carrying the ASTRO-2 spacelab observatory. * 1998 – Data sent from the Galileo spacecraft indicates that
Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a Jupiter mass, mass more than 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined a ...
's moon Europa has a liquid ocean under a thick crust of ice. * 2002U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins, (ending on March 19 after killing 500 Taliban and al-Qaeda fighters, with 11 Western troop fatalities). *
2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and Its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
War in Iraq: Al-Qaeda carries out the Ashoura Massacre in
Iraq Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...
, killing 170 and wounding over 500. * 2006 – In
Monterrey Monterrey (, , abbreviated as MtY) is the capital and largest city of the northeastern Mexican state of Nuevo León. It is the ninth-largest city and the second largest metropolitan area, after Greater Mexico City. Located at the foothills of th ...
,
Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
, a man identified as Diego Santoy Riveroll committed a double murder against two children, followed by an attempted murder of his ex-partner, Erika. The incident is popularly known as the Cumbres case. * 2012 – A tornado outbreak occurs over a large section of the Southern United States and into the Ohio Valley region, resulting in 40 tornado-related fatalities. * 2017 – The elements
Moscovium Moscovium is a synthetic element, synthetic chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Mc and atomic number 115. It was first synthesized in 2003 by a joint team of Russian and American scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Resea ...
, Tennessine, and
Oganesson Oganesson is a synthetic element, synthetic chemical element; it has Chemical symbol, symbol Og and atomic number 118. It was first synthesized in 2002 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, near Moscow, Russia, by a joint ...
are officially added to the
periodic table The periodic table, also known as the periodic table of the elements, is an ordered arrangement of the chemical elements into rows (" periods") and columns (" groups"). It is an icon of chemistry and is widely used in physics and other s ...
at a conference in Moscow, Russia. * 2022 – Russian forces capture the city of Kherson during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which subsequently began the start of the Russian occupation and military-civilian administration in
Kherson Kherson (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian and , , ) is a port city in southern Ukraine that serves as the administrative centre of Kherson Oblast. Located by the Black Sea and on the Dnieper, Dnieper River, Kherson is the home to a major ship-bui ...
. Kherson is the only regional capital in Ukraine that Russia captured.


Births


Pre-1600

* 480Benedict of Nursia, Italian Christian saint (died 543 or 547) * 1316Robert II of Scotland (died 1390) * 1409Jean II, Duke of Alençon (died 1476) * 1432Countess Palatine Margaret of Mosbach, countess consort of Hanau (died 1457) * 1453Johannes Engel, German doctor, astronomer and astrologer (died 1512) * 1459Pope Adrian VI (died 1523) * 1481Franz von Sickingen, German knight (died 1523) * 1545Thomas Bodley, English diplomat and scholar, founded the Bodleian Library (died 1613) * 1577George Sandys, English traveller, colonist and poet (died 1644)


1601–1900

* 1628Cornelis Speelman, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (died 1684) * 1651Carlo Gimach, Maltese architect, engineer and poet (died 1730) * 1705William Murray, 1st Earl of Mansfield, Scottish lawyer, judge, and politician, Chancellor of the Exchequer (died 1793) * 1740Nicholas Pocock, English naval painter (died 1821) * 1760Camille Desmoulins, French journalist and politician (died 1794) * 1769DeWitt Clinton, American lawyer and politician, 6th Governor of New York (died 1828) * 1770Louis-Gabriel Suchet, French general (died 1826) * 1779Joel Roberts Poinsett, American physician and politician, 15th United States Secretary of War (died 1851) * 1793Sam Houston, American soldier and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Texas (died 1863) * 1800Yevgeny Baratynsky, Russian-Italian poet and philosopher (died 1844) * 1810Pope Leo XIII (died 1903) * 1816Alexander Bullock, American lawyer and politician, 26th
Governor of Massachusetts The governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the head of government of the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts. The governor is the chief executive, head of the state cabinet and the commander-in-chief of the commonw ...
(died 1882) * 1817János Arany, Hungarian journalist and poet (died 1882) * 1820Multatuli, Dutch writer (died 1887) *
1824 Events January–March * January 1 – John Stuart Mill begins publication of The Westminster Review. The first article is by William Johnson Fox * January 8 – After much controversy, Michael Faraday is finally elected as a member of th ...
BedÅ™ich Smetana, Czech pianist and composer (died 1884) * 1829Carl Schurz, German-American general, lawyer, and politician, 13th United States Secretary of the Interior (died 1906) * 1836Henry Billings Brown, American lawyer and judge (died 1913) * 1842Carl Jacobsen, Danish brewer, art collector, and philanthropist (died 1914) * 1846Marie Roze, French soprano (died 1926) * 1849Robert Means Thompson, American commander, lawyer, and businessman (died 1930) * 1859Sholem Aleichem, Ukrainian-American author and playwright (died 1916) * 1860Susanna M. Salter, American activist and politician (died 1961) * 1862John Jay Chapman, American lawyer, author, and poet (died 1933) * 1869Julien Félix, French military officer and aviator (died 1914) * 1876James A. Gilmore, American businessman and baseball executive (died 1947) * 1876 – Pope Pius XII (died 1958) * 1880René Vallon, French aviator (died 1911) *
1886 Events January * January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British rule in Burma, British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885. * January 5–January 9, 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson ...
Willis H. O'Brien, American animator and director (died 1962) * 1886 – Kurt Grelling, German logician and philosopher (died 1942) * 1900Kurt Weill, German-American pianist and composer (died 1950)


1901–present

* 1901Grete Hermann, German mathematician and philosopher (died 1984) * 1902Moe Berg, American baseball player and spy (died 1972) * 1902 – Edward Condon, American physicist and academic (died 1974) * 1904Dr. Seuss, American children's book writer, poet, and illustrator (died 1991) * 1905Marc Blitzstein, American composer and songwriter (died 1964) * 1905 – Geoffrey Grigson, English poet and critic (died 1985) * 1908Walter Bruch, German engineer (died 1990) * 1909
Mel Ott Melvin Thomas Ott (March 2, 1909 – November 21, 1958), nicknamed "Master Melvin", was an American professional baseball right fielder, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the New York Giants, from through . He batted left-handed ...
, American baseball player, manager, and sportscaster (died 1958) * 1912Henry Katzman, American pianist, composer, and painter (died 2001) * 1913Godfried Bomans, Dutch television host and author (died 1971) * 1913 – Mort Cooper, American baseball player (died 1958) * 1914Martin Ritt, American actor and film director (died 1990) * 1915John Burton, Australian public servant and diplomat, Australian High Commissioner to Ceylon (died 2010) * 1917Desi Arnaz, Cuban-American actor, singer, and producer (died 1986) * 1917 – David Goodis, American author and screenwriter (died 1967) * 1917 – Jim Konstanty, American baseball player and coach (died 1976) * 1919Jennifer Jones, American actress (died 2009) * 1919 – Eddie Lawrence, American actor, singer, and playwright (died 2014) * 1919 – Tamara Toumanova, Russian-American ballerina and actress (died 1996) * 1921Kazimierz Górski, Polish footballer and coach (died 2006) * 1921 – Ernst Haas, Austrian-American photographer and journalist (died 1986) * 1922Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, American saxophonist (died 1986) * 1922 – Bill Quackenbush, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (died 1999) * 1922 – Frances Spence, American computer programmer (died 2012) * 1923Basil Hume, English cardinal (died 1999) * 1923 – Robert H. Michel, American soldier and politician (died 2017) * 1923 – Dave Strack, American basketball player and coach (died 2014) * 1924Cal Abrams, American baseball player (died 1997) * 1924 – Renos Apostolidis, Greek philologist, author, and critic (died 2004) * 1926Bernard Agré, Ivorian cardinal (died 2014) * 1926 – Murray Rothbard, American economist and historian (died 1995) * 1927Roger Walkowiak, French cyclist and economist (died 2017) * 1930John Cullum, American actor and singer * 1930 – Emma Penella, Spanish actress (died 2007) * 1930 – Tom Wolfe, American journalist and author (died 2018) * 1931Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian lawyer and politician, the 8th and final leader of the
Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...
,
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; ; ) are awards administered by the Nobel Foundation and granted in accordance with the principle of "for the greatest benefit to humankind". The prizes were first awarded in 1901, marking the fifth anniversary of Alfred N ...
laureate (died 2022) * 1932Gun Hägglund, Swedish journalist and translator (died 2011) * 1933Leo Dillon, American illustrator (died 2012) * 1934Howard Cassady, American football player (died 2019) * 1934 – Dottie Rambo, American singer-songwriter (died 2008) *
1935 Events January * January 7 – Italian premier Benito Mussolini and French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval conclude an agreement, in which each power agrees not to oppose the other's colonial claims. * January 12 – Amelia Earhart ...
Gene Stallings, American football player and coach * 1936Haroon Ahmed, Pakistani-English engineer and academic * 1936 – John Tusa, Czech-English journalist and academic * 1937Abdelaziz Bouteflika, Algerian soldier and politician, 5th President of Algeria (died 2021) *
1938 Events January * January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
Clark Gesner, American author and composer (died 2002) * 1938 – Ricardo Lagos, Chilean economist, lawyer, and politician, 33rd
President of Chile The president of Chile (), officially the president of the Republic of Chile (), is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Chile. The president is responsible for both Government of Chile, government administration and s ...
* 1938 – Lawrence Payton, American singer-songwriter and producer (died 1997) * 1939Jan Howard Finder, American author and academic (died 2013) * 1940Billy McNeill, Scottish footballer (died 2019) * 1941John Cornell, Australian actor, director, and producer (died 2021) * 1941 – David Satcher, American admiral and physician, 16th Surgeon General of the United States * 1942John Irving, American novelist and screenwriter * 1942 – Claude Larose, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1942 – Mir-Hossein Mousavi, Iranian architect and politician, 79th Prime Minister of Iran * 1942 –
Lou Reed Lewis Allan Reed (March 2, 1942October 27, 2013) was an American musician and songwriter. He was the guitarist, singer, and principal songwriter for the rock band the Velvet Underground and had a solo career that spanned five decades. Althoug ...
, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor (died 2013) * 1942 – Derek Woodley, English footballer (died 2002) * 1943George Layton, English actor, director, and screenwriter * 1943 – Peter Straub, American author and poet (died 2022) * 1943 – Robert Williams, American painter and cartoonist * 1944 – Leif Segerstam, Finnish conductor and composer (died 2024) * 1945Derek Watkins, English trumpet player and composer (died 2013) * 1947John Dawkins, Australian politician * 1947 – Nelson Ned, Brazilian singer-songwriter (died 2014) * 1947 – Harry Redknapp, English footballer and manager * 1948Larry Carlton, American guitarist and songwriter * 1948 – Rory Gallagher, Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (died 1995) * 1948 – Jeff Kennett, Australian journalist and politician, 43rd Premier of Victoria * 1948 – Carmen Lawrence, Australian politician, 25th Premier of Western Australia * 1950Karen Carpenter, American singer (died 1983) * 1952Mark Evanier, American author and screenwriter * 1952 – Laraine Newman, American actress and comedian * 1953Russ Feingold, American lawyer and politician * 1953 – Kazuo Kitagawa, Japanese politician * 1954Ed Johnstone, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1955Dale Bozzio, American pop-rock singer-songwriter * 1955 – Jay Osmond, American singer, drummer, actor, and TV/film producer * 1955 – Ken Salazar, American lawyer and politician, 50th United States Secretary of the Interior * 1955 – Steve Small, Australian cricketer *
1956 Events January * January 1 – The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Anglo-Egyptian Condominium ends in Sudan after 57 years. * January 8 – Operation Auca: Five U.S. evangelical Christian Missionary, missionaries, Nate Saint, Roger Youderian, E ...
John Cowsill, American musician, songwriter, and producer * 1956 – Mark Evans, Australian rock bass player * 1957Mark Dean, American inventor and computer engineer * 1957 – Hossein Dehghan, Iranian general and politician, Iranian Minister of Defense * 1957 – Dito Tsintsadze, Georgian film director and screenwriter * 1958Kevin Curren, South African-American tennis player * 1958 – Ian Woosnam, English-Welsh golfer * 1959Larry Stewart, American singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1961Simone Young, Australian conductor, director, and composer * 1962
Jon Bon Jovi John Francis Bongiovi Jr. (born March 2, 1962), known professionally as Jon Bon Jovi, is an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and actor. He is best known as the founder and Lead vocalist, frontman of the rock band Bon Jovi, which was fo ...
, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, producer, and actor * 1962 – Paul Farrelly, English journalist and politician * 1962 – Tom Nordlie, Norwegian footballer and coach * 1962 – Brendan O'Connor, Australian politician, Australian Minister for Employment * 1962 – Raimo Summanen, Finnish ice hockey player and coach * 1962 – Gabriele Tarquini, Italian race car driver * 1963Anthony Albanese, Australian politician, 31st
Prime Minister of Australia The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister is the chair of the Cabinet of Australia and thus the head of the Australian Government, federal executive government. Under the pr ...
* 1963 – Alvin Youngblood Hart, American singer and guitarist * 1964Laird Hamilton, American surfer and actor * 1964 – Mike Von Erich, American wrestler (died 1987) * 1965Ron Gant, American baseball player and journalist * 1965 – Lembit Öpik, Northern Irish politician * 1966Ann Leckie, American author * 1966 – Simon Reevell, English lawyer and politician * 1968Daniel Craig, English actor and producer * 1970James Purnell, English politician, Secretary of State for Work and Pensions * 1970 – Ciriaco Sforza, Swiss footballer and manager * 1970 – Wibi Soerjadi, Dutch pianist and composer * 1971Roman ÄŒechmánek, Czech ice hockey player (died 2023) * 1971 – Dave Gorman, English comedian, author and television presenter * 1971 – Method Man, American rapper, record producer and actor * 1972Mauricio Pochettino, Argentinian footballer and manager * 1973Dejan Bodiroga, Serbian basketball player * 1973 – Trevor Sinclair, English footballer and manager * 1974Hayley Lewis, Australian swimmer and television host * 1975Daryl Gibson, New Zealand rugby player * 1977Dominique Canty, American basketball player and coach * 1977 – Chris Martin, English singer-songwriter (
Coldplay Coldplay are a British Rock music, rock band formed in London in 1997. They consist of vocalist and pianist Chris Martin, guitarist Jonny Buckland, bassist Guy Berryman, drummer and percussionist Will Champion, and manager Phil Harvey (band m ...
) * 1977 – Heather McComb, American actress * 1977 – Stephen Parry, English swimmer and sportscaster * 1977 – Andrew Strauss, South African-English cricketer * 1978Jim Chalmers, Australian politician * 1978 – Gabby Eigenmann, Filipino actor and singer * 1978 – Lee Hodges, English footballer and manager * 1978 – Sebastian Janikowski, Polish gridiron football player * 1978 – Tomáš Kaberle, Czech ice hockey player *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
Damien Duff, Irish footballer * 1979 – Jim Troughton, English cricketer * 1979 – Nicky Weaver, English footballer * 1980Chris Barker, English footballer and manager (died 2020) * 1980 – Rebel Wilson, Australian actress and screenwriter * 1981Lance Cade, American wrestler (died 2010) * 1981 – Bryce Dallas Howard, American actress * 1982Kevin Kurányi, German footballer * 1982 – Henrik Lundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player * 1982 – Joel Lundqvist, Swedish ice hockey player * 1982 – Ben Roethlisberger, American football player * 1982 – Corey Webster, American football player * 1983Deuce, American singer-songwriter and producer * 1983 – Lisandro López, Argentine footballer * 1983 – Jay McClement, Canadian ice hockey player * 1983 – Glen Perkins, American baseball player * 1983 – Ryan Shannon, American ice hockey player * 1984Jonathan Ericsson, Swedish ice hockey player * 1985Reggie Bush, American football player * 1985 – Robert Iler, American actor * 1985 – Suso Santana, Spanish footballer * 1986Jonathan D'Aversa, Canadian ice hockey player * 1986 – Jason Smith, American basketball player * 1987Jonas Jerebko, Swedish basketball player * 1988Édgar Andrade, Mexican footballer * 1988 – James Arthur, English singer-songwriter * 1988 – Laura Kaeppeler, American beauty queen, Miss America 2012 * 1988 – Matthew Mitcham, Australian diver * 1988 – Dexter Pittman, American basketball player * 1988 – Geert Arend Roorda, Dutch footballer * 1989Toby Alderweireld, Belgian footballer * 1989 – Alemão, Brazilian footballer * 1989 – Nathalie Emmanuel, English actress * 1989 – Marcel Hirscher, Austrian skier * 1989 – André Bernardes Santos, Portuguese footballer * 1989 – Shane Vereen, American football player * 1989 – Chris Woakes, English cricketer * 1990Rauno Alliku, Estonian footballer * 1990 – Malcolm Butler, American football player * 1990 –
Luke Combs Luke Albert Combs (born March 2, 1990) is an American country music, country singer. He was born in North Carolina and grew up there, performing as a child. After leaving college to pursue a career in music, he moved to Nashville, Tennessee, Nas ...
, American singer-songwriter * 1990 – Tiger Shroff, Indian actor * 1991Nick Franklin, American baseball player * 1992Charlie Coyle, American ice hockey player * 1993Nicolás Brussino, Argentine-Italian basketball player * 1993 – Adolis García, Cuban baseball player * 1995Miguel Andújar, Dominican baseball player * 1995 – Max Domi, Canadian ice hockey player * 1995 – Ange-Freddy Plumain, French footballer * 1997
Becky G Rebbeca Marie Gomez (born March 2, 1997), known professionally as Becky G, is an American singer and actress. Born and raised in Inglewood, California, she first gained recognition in 2011 for her cover version, cover versions of popular song ...
, American singer and actress * 1996Jin Longguo, Chinese singer based in South Korea * 1997Arike Ogunbowale, American basketball player * 1998Tua Tagovailoa, American football player *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
Isiah Pacheco, American football player * 2006Windy Zhan, Hong Kong singer and actress * 2016Prince Oscar, Duke of Skåne


Deaths


Pre-1600

* 274Mani, Persian prophet and founder of Manichaeism (born 216) * 672Chad of Mercia, English bishop and saint (born 634) * 968
William William is a masculine given name of Germanic languages, Germanic origin. It became popular in England after the Norman Conquest, Norman conquest in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle ...
, archbishop of Mainz (born 929) * 986Lothair, king of West Francia (born 941) * 1009Mokjong, king of Goryeo (born 980) * 1127Charles the Good,
Count Count (feminine: countess) is a historical title of nobility in certain European countries, varying in relative status, generally of middling rank in the hierarchy of nobility. Pine, L. G. ''Titles: How the King Became His Majesty''. New York: ...
of
Flanders Flanders ( or ; ) is the Dutch language, Dutch-speaking northern portion of Belgium and one of the communities, regions and language areas of Belgium. However, there are several overlapping definitions, including ones related to culture, la ...
(born 1084) * 1316Marjorie Bruce, Scottish daughter of
Robert the Bruce Robert I (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert led Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland during the First War of Scottish Independence against Kingdom of Eng ...
(born 1296) * 1333Wladyslaw I, king of Poland (born 1261) * 1589Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal and diplomat (born 1520)


1601–1900

* 1619Anne of Denmark, queen of Scotland (born 1574) * 1729Francesco Bianchini, Italian astronomer and philosopher (born 1662) * 1755Louis de Rouvroy, French duke and diplomat (born 1675) * 1791John Wesley, English cleric and theologian (born 1703) * 1793Carl Gustaf Pilo, Swedish-Danish painter and academic (born 1711) * 1797Horace Walpole, English historian and politician (born 1717) * 1829Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, Mexican revolutionary (born ca. 1773) * 1830Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring, German physician, anatomist, and anthropologist (born 1755) * 1835Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1768) * 1840Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers, German physician and astronomer (born 1758) * 1855Nicholas I, Russian emperor (born 1796) * 1864
Ulric Dahlgren Ulric Dahlgren (April 3, 1842 – March 2, 1864) was an American military officer who served as Colonel (United States), colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He was the son of Union Navy Rear Admiral John A. Dahlgren and ...
, American colonel (born 1842) * 1865Carl Sylvius Völkner, German-New Zealand priest and missionary (born 1819) * 1880John Benjamin Macneill, Irish engineer (born 1790) * 1895Berthe Morisot, French painter (born 1841) * 1895 – Isma'il Pasha, Egyptian politician (born 1830) * 1896Jubal Early, American general (born 1816)


1901–present

* 1921Champ Clark, American lawyer and politician, 41st Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (born 1850) * 1930D. H. Lawrence, English novelist, poet, playwright, and critic (born 1885) *
1938 Events January * January 1 – state-owned enterprise, State-owned railway networks are created by merger, in France (SNCF) and the Netherlands (Nederlandse Spoorwegen – NS). * January 20 – King Farouk of Egypt marries Saf ...
Ben Harney, American pianist and composer (born 1871) * 1939Howard Carter, English archaeologist and historian (born 1874) * 1943Gisela Januszewska, Austrian physician (born1867) * 1944Ida Maclean, British biochemist, the first woman admitted to the London Chemical Society (born 1877) * 1945Emily Carr, Canadian painter and author (born 1871) *
1946 1946 (Roman numerals, MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1946th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 946th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 20th centur ...
Fidél Pálffy, Hungarian politician, Hungarian Minister of Agriculture (born 1895) * 1946 – George E. Stewart, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1872) * 1947Frans Johan Louwrens Ghijsels, Dutch architect and urban planner (born 1882) *
1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2025 * January 2 – Luis ...
Sarojini Naidu, Indian poet and activist (born 1879) * 1953James Lightbody, American runner (born 1882) * 1957Selim Sırrı Tarcan, Turkish educator and politician (born 1874) * 1958Fred Merkle, American baseball player and manager (born 1888) * 1962
Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning wa ...
, Belgian mathematician and academic (born 1866) * 1967José Martínez Ruiz, Spanish author and critic (born 1873) * 1972Léo-Ernest Ouimet, Canadian director and producer (born 1877) * 1977Eugénie Brazier, French chef (born 1895) *
1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
Christy Ring, Irish hurler (born 1920) * 1982Philip K. Dick, American philosopher and author (born 1928) * 1987Randolph Scott, American actor and director (born 1898) * 1987 – Lolo Soetoro, Indonesian geographer and academic (born 1935) * 1991Serge Gainsbourg, French singer-songwriter, actor, and director (born 1928) * 1992Sandy Dennis, American actress (born 1937) * 1994Anita Morris, American actress, singer, and dancer (born 1943) *
1999 1999 was designated as the International Year of Older Persons. Events January * January 1 – The euro currency is established and the European Central Bank assumes its full powers. * January 3 – The Mars Polar Lander is launc ...
Dusty Springfield, English singer (born 1939) * 2000Sandra Schmirler, Canadian curler (born 1963) * 2003Hank Ballard, American singer-songwriter (born 1927) * 2003 – Malcolm Williamson, Australian pianist and composer (born 1931) *
2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and Its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
Cormac McAnallen, Irish footballer (born 1980) * 2004 – Mercedes McCambridge, American actress (born 1916) * 2004 – Marge Schott, American businesswoman (born 1928) * 2005Martin Denny, American pianist and composer (born 1911) * 2007Thomas S. Kleppe, American soldier and politician, 41st United States Secretary of the Interior (born 1919) * 2007 – Clem Labine, American baseball player (born 1926) * 2007 – Ivan Safronov, Russian colonel and journalist (born 1956) * 2007 – Henri Troyat, Russian-French historian and author (born 1911) * 2008Jeff Healey, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1966) *
2009 2009 was designated as the International Year of Astronomy by the United Nations to coincide with the 400th anniversary of Galileo Galilei's first known astronomical studies with a telescope and the publication of Astronomia Nova by Joha ...
João Bernardo Vieira, Bissau-Guinean politician, President of Guinea-Bissau (born 1939) * 2010Winston Churchill, English journalist and politician (born 1940) * 2012Lawrence Anthony, South African environmentalist, explorer, and author (born 1950) * 2012 – Van T. Barfoot, American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (born 1919) * 2012 – Norman St John-Stevas, English academic and politician, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (born 1929) * 2012 – James Q. Wilson, American political scientist and academic (born 1931) * 2013Peter Harvey, Australian journalist (born 1944) * 2013 – Giorgos Kolokithas, Greek basketball player (born 1945) * 2013 – Shabnam Shakeel, Pakistani poet and author (born 1942) *
2014 The year 2014 was marked by the surge of the Western African Ebola epidemic, West African Ebola epidemic, which began in 2013, becoming the List of Ebola outbreaks, most widespread outbreak of the Ebola, Ebola virus in human history, resul ...
Ryhor Baradulin, Belarusian poet and translator (born 1935) * 2015Dean Hess, American minister and colonel (born 1917) * 2015 – Dave Mackay, Scottish-English footballer and manager (born 1934) * 2015 – Mal Peet, English author and illustrator (born 1947) * 2016Benoît Lacroix, Canadian priest, historian, and philosopher (born 1915) * 2016 – Aubrey McClendon, American businessman (born 1959) * 2018Billy Herrington, American actor (born 1969) * 2018 – Lin Hu, Chinese lieutenant general (born 1927) * 2019Mike Oliver, British sociologist, disability rights activist (born 1945) * 2024Janice Burgess, American television executive, screenwriter, and producer (born 1952) * 2024 – Jaclyn Jose, Filipino actress (born 1963)


Holidays and observances

* Air Force Day (
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...
) * Baloch Culture Day ( Balochistan) *Christian feast day: ** Agnes of Bohemia ** Angela of the Cross ** Blessed Charles the Good, Count of Flanders ** Chad of Mercia (
Catholic Church The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...
, Anglican Communion,
Eastern Orthodox Church The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is List of Christian denominations by number of members, one of the three major doctrinal and ...
) ** John Maron ** March 2 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) *Feast of 'Alá (Loftiness), First day of the 19th month of the Baháʼí calendar (
Baháʼí Faith The Baháʼí Faith is a religion founded in the 19th century that teaches the Baháʼí Faith and the unity of religion, essential worth of all religions and Baháʼí Faith and the unity of humanity, the unity of all people. Established by ...
) and first day of the Baháʼí Nineteen Day Fast * National Read Across America Day (
United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...
) * Peasants' Day (
Myanmar Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar; and also referred to as Burma (the official English name until 1989), is a country in northwest Southeast Asia. It is the largest country by area in Mainland Southeast Asia and has ...
) * Texas Independence Day * Adwa Victory Day (
Ethiopia Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the east, Ken ...
)


References


External links


BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on March 2
{{months Days of March