The following article is a list of Indian scientists spanning from Ancient to Modern India, who have had a major impact in the field of science and technology. Susruta

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Ancient India (Pre 300 BCE)

* Lagadha, astronomer, author of one of the oldest known treatises on astrology (around late 2nd millennium BCE and early 1st millennium BCE) *

Baudhayana The (Sanskrit: बौधायन सूत्रस् ) are a group of Vedic Sanskrit texts which cover dharma, daily ritual, mathematics and is one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from th ...

, mathematician, author of oldest surviving texts of Indian mathematics (around 1st millennium BCE) *

Atreya Atreya or Atreyas (आत्रेय) Rishi, or Atreya Punarvasu, was a descendant of Atri, one of the great Hindu sages (rishis) whose accomplishments are detailed in the Puranas. Sage Atreya was a renowned scholar of Ayurveda, and a school of ...

, physician, one of founding father of ayurveda (around 6th century BCE) * Jivaka, physician, widely regarded as a model healer in the Eastern world during ancient times (5th century BCE) *

Sushruta Suśruta (, ) is the listed author of the '' Suśruta Saṃhiāa'' (''Suśruta's Compendium''), considered to be one of the most important surviving ancient treatises on medicine. It is also considered a foundational text of Ayurveda. The treat ...

, father of plastic surgery, author of Sushruta Samhita which is one of the most important ancient medical treatise (600–500 BCE) * Panini, father of linguistics (600–400 BCE) *

Bogar Bogar, Bhogar, or Boganathar was a Tamil Shaivite Siddhar. He was a disciple of Kalangi Nathar. He was born in Vaigavur near Palani Hills. He received his education from his mother and his grand father described in several traditions and texts. ...

, Alchemist (550-300 BCE) *

Charaka Charaka was one of the principal contributors to Ayurveda, a system of medicine and lifestyle developed in ancient India. He is known as a physician who edited the medical treatise entitled ''Charaka Samhita'', one of the foundational texts of ...

, physician (400–300 BCE) * Kanada, natural scientist and philosopher who founded the Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy which talks about atomism.(Unclear; 600–200 BCE) *

Shalihotra Shalihotra was a veterinarian and writer. His work, the ''Shalihotra Samhita'', is an early Indian treatise on veterinary medicine (hippiatrics), likely composed in the 3rd century BCE. Shalihotra was the son of a sage named ''Hayagosha''. He is ...

, veterinarian (3rd century BCE)

Classical period (300 BCE–500 CE)

Pingala Acharya Pingala (; c. 3rd2nd century BCE) was an ancient Indian poet and mathematician, and the author of the ' (), also called the ''Pingala-sutras'' (), the earliest known treatise on Sanskrit prosody. The ' is a work of eight chapters in the ...

, mathematician and linguist (3rd–2nd century BCE) *

Chanakya Chanakya (ISO 15919, ISO: ', चाणक्य, ), according to legendary narratives preserved in various traditions dating from the 4th to 11th century CE, was a Brahmin who assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya, Chandragup ...

, polymath (375–283 BCE) *

Nagarjuna (metallurgist) Nāgārjuna () () is considered one of the most important Buddhism philosophers. In some traditions, the name "Nāgārjuna" is known as an Indian metallurgist and alchemist in 10th-century. History There are conflicting traditions of Nagarjuna as ...

, alchemist and philosopher (150-250 CE) *

Aryabhata Aryabhata ( ISO: ) or Aryabhata I (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the '' Āryabhaṭīya'' (which mentions that in 3600 ' ...

, mathematician and astronomer, author of

Aryabhatiya ''Aryabhatiya'' (IAST: ') or ''Aryabhatiyam'' ('), a Indian astronomy, Sanskrit astronomical treatise, is the ''Masterpiece, magnum opus'' and only known surviving work of the 5th century Indian mathematics, Indian mathematician Aryabhata. Philos ...

(476–550 CE) *

Dignāga Dignāga (also known as ''Diṅnāga'', ) was an Indian Buddhist philosopher and logician. He is credited as one of the Buddhism, Buddhist founders of Indian logic (''hetu vidyā'') and Buddhist atomism, atomism. Dignāga's work laid the grou ...

, logician (c. 480 – c. 540 CE) *

Dharmakīrti Dharmakīrti (fl. ;), was an influential Indian Buddhist philosopher who worked at Nālandā.Tom Tillemans (2011)Dharmakirti Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy He was one of the key scholars of epistemology (pramāṇa) in Buddhist philos ...

, logician (c. 600–670 CE;

Early medieval period (500–1000 CE)

* Varahamihira, astronomer (5th–6th century CE) *

Vagbhata Vāgbhaṭa (वाग्भट) was one of the most influential writers of Ayurveda. Several works are associated with his name as author, principally the Ashtāṅgasaṅgraha (अष्टाङ्गसंग्रह) and the Ashtāngahrid ...

, physician (6th century CE) *

Brahmagupta Brahmagupta ( – ) was an Indian Indian mathematics, mathematician and Indian astronomy, astronomer. He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the ''Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta'' (BSS, "correctly established Siddhanta, do ...

, mathematician and astronomer (598–688 CE) * Bhaskara I, mathematician and astronomer (600–680 CE) *

Haridatta Haridatta (c. 683 CE) was an astronomer-mathematician of Kerala, India, who is believed to be the promulgator of the Parahita system of astronomical computations. This system of computations is widely popular in Kerala and Tamil Nadu. According ...

, astronomer (6th century CE) *

Lalla Lalla ( 720–790 CE) was an Indian Indian mathematics, mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer who belonged to a family of astronomers. Lalla was the son of Trivikrama Bhatta and the grandson of Śâmba."Lalla." Complete Dictionary of Scientif ...

, astronomer and astrologer (720–790 CE) *

Madhava-kara Madhava (or Madhava-kara) was a 7th-century or early 8th-century Indian Ayurveda practitioner who wrote the ''Rug-vinischaya'', also known as the ''Madhava Nidana'', which soon assumed a position of authority. In the 79 chapters of this book, he l ...

, physician (7th–8th century CE) *

Virasena Acharya Virasena (792-853 CE), also spelt as Veerasena, was a Digambara monk and belonged to the lineage of Acharya Kundakunda. He was an Indian mathematician and Jain philosopher and scholar. He was also known as a famous orator and an accom ...

, logician and mathematician (792-853 CE) *

Gautama Siddha Gautama Siddha, (fl. 8th century) astronomer, astrologer and compiler of Indian descent, known for leading the compilation of the '' Treatise on Astrology of the Kaiyuan Era'' during the Tang dynasty. He was born in Chang'an, and his family was or ...

, astrologer, astronomer and compiler in Tang Dynasty, introduced 0 and Indian numerals in China (8th century CE) *

Shankaranarayana Shankaranarayana is a village in Kundapura taluk of Udupi district in the state of Karnataka in India.It is situated in midst of coconut and arecanut plantations along with forests adjoining western ghats. Earlier this village was called as Go ...

, astronomer and astrologist (840–900 CE) *

Mahavira Mahavira (Devanagari: महावीर, ), also known as Vardhamana (Devanagari: वर्धमान, ), was the 24th ''Tirthankara'' (Supreme Preacher and Ford Maker) of Jainism. Although the dates and most historical details of his lif ...

, mathematician (9th century CE) *

Halayudha Halāyudha (Sanskrit: हलायुध) wrote the ', a commentary on Pingala's ''Chandaḥśāstra'', was an Indian Mathematician and poet who lived and worked in the 10th century. The '' Chandaḥśāstra'' by the Indian lyricist Piṅgala ...

, mathematician (10th century CE) *

Aryabhata II Āryabhaṭa (c. 920 – c. 1000) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer, and the author of the ''Maha-Siddhanta''. The numeral II is given to him to distinguish him from the earlier and more influential Āryabhaṭa I. Scholars are ...

, mathematician and astronomer (920–1000 CE) *

Manjula Manjula (Sanskrit: मंजुला) is a Hindu and Sanskrit female given name, which means, "melodious". Notable people named Manjula * Manjula (Kannada actress) (1954–1986), Indian actress * Manjula Chellur (born 1955), Indian doctor an ...

, astronomer (Born 932 CE) *

Utpala Utpala in Sanskrit is a neuter noun with two meanings, both given by ''Amarakosha, '' (a lexicon of circa. 400 AD). The first meaning is ''Nymphaea nouchali'', the "blue lotus", also known as ''kuvalaya'' in Sanskrit. The second meaning of ''utp ...

, astronomer (9th–10th CE) * Vijayanandi, astronomer (940–1010 CE) *

Somadeva Suri Somadeva Suri was a south Indian Jain monk of the 10th century CE (fl. 959–66, possibly born in Bengal region about 920), author of a work known as "Upasakadyayana" "chapter on lay followers (''upasakas'')", a central work of Digambara ''shrava ...

, mechanical device maker (fl. 959–66, possibly born in Bengal region about 920)

Late medieval period (1000–1500 CE)

Bhoja Bhoja was the Paramara dynasty, Paramara king of Malwa from 1010 until his death in 1055. He ruled from Dhara (city), Dhara (modern Dhar), and Military career of Bhoja, fought wars with nearly all his neighbours in attempts to extend his king ...

, polymath, astronomer, alchemist, mathematician, architect, inventor (1000-1070 CE) * Sripati, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1019–1066 CE) * Brahmadeva, mathematician and astronomer (1060–1130 CE) * Satananda, astronomer (1068–1099 CE) * Bhaskara II, mathematician and astronomer (1114–1185 CE) *

Śārṅgadeva __NOTOC__ Śārṅgadeva (1175–1247), also spelled Sharngadeva or Sarnga Deva, was a 13th-century Indian musicologist who authored ''Sangita Ratnakara'' – a Sanskrit text on music and drama. It is considered to be the authoritative treatise ...

, musicologist and mathematician (1175-1247) *

Suryadeva Yajvan Suryadeva (1191 – at least 1248 CE) was a Sanskrit-language writer on astrology and astronomy ('' jyotisha'')) from the Chola kingdom of southern India. He wrote commentaries on several notable works including the ''Aryabhatiya'' and the '' Lagh ...

, astronomer and astrologer (1191– at least 1248 CE) *

Govinda Bhattathiri Govinda Bhaṭṭathiri (also known as Govinda Bhattathiri of Thalakkulam or Thalkkulathur) ( 1237 – 1295) (p.15) was an Indian astrologer and astronomer who flourished in Kerala during the thirteenth century BCE, CE. Govinda Bhaṭṭatir ...

, astronomer and astrologer (1237–1295 CE) * Gangesha Upadhyaya, logician, founder of navya nyaya school (first half of the 14th century) *

Narayana Pandita (mathematician) Nārāyaṇa Paṇḍita () (1340–1400) was an Indian mathematician. Plofker writes that his texts were the most significant Sanskrit mathematics treatises after those of Bhaskara II, other than the Kerala school. He wrote the '' Ganita Kaum ...

, mathematician (1340-1400 CE) *

Madhava of Sangamagrama Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (Mādhavan) Availabl/ref> () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who is considered to be the founder of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in the Late Middle Ages. Madhava made pioneering contributio ...

, mathematician and astronomer, founded Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics (1340–1425 CE) *

Mahendra Suri Mahendra () is a Sanskrit compound word deriving from ''mahā'' (great) and ''indra'' (the title of the king of the devas) from Hinduism. It has been used in compound royal styles. History and politics Royalty * Mahendra or Mahinda – ...

, astronomer, wrote the Yantraraja, the first Indian treatise on the astrolabe (1340–1400 CE) *

Parameshvara Nambudiri Vatasseri Parameshvara Nambudiri ( 1380–1460) was a major Indian mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama. He was also an astrologer. Parameshvara was a proponent of ob ...

, astronomer (1380–1460 CE) *

Makaranda Makaranda or Makarandācārya or Makaranda Anandakanda () was an astronomer, calendrist, and Hindu astrologer who lived in Kāśī (Varanasi) and wrote an astronomical work called the Makaranda sāriṇī (मकरन्द सारिणी) wh ...

, astronomer (fl. 1438-1478) *

Nilakantha Somayaji Keļallur Nīlakaṇṭha Somayāji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehens ...

, astronomer (1444–1544 CE) *

Damodara Vatasseri Damodara Nambudiri was an astronomer-mathematician of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics who flourished during the fifteenth century CE. He was a son of Paramesvara (1360–1425) who developed the ''drigganita'' system of a ...

, astronomer (15th century CE) *

Raghunatha Siromani Raghunatha Shiromani (, IAST: Raghunātha Śiromaṇi) () was an Indian philosopher and logician. He was the head ( The Chancellor ) of the Ancient Mithila University also known as Mithila Vidyapeeth. He was born in a brahmin family at Nabad ...

, logician (1475–1550) *

Keshava of Nandigrama Keshava (IAST: Keśava, fl. 1496–1507) was an astrologer and astronomer ('' jyotishi'' or ''daivajña'') from Nandigrama in present-day western India. Biography Keshava flourished around 1496–1507. He lived at Nandigrama in western India. ...

, astrologer and astronomer (1496–1507)

Early modern period (1500–1800 CE)

* Jyesthadeva, astronomer (1500–1575 CE) *

Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri (AD 1500–1610) was a mathematician and astronomer from Kerala, South India. Jyestadevan Namboodiri was born in Paaragottu Mana near Thrikkandiyoor and Aalathur on the banks of river Nila River, Nila. Vata ...

, mathematician and astronomer (1500–1610 CE) *

Shankara Variyar Sankara Variyar (; .) was an astronomer-mathematician of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. His family were employed as temple-assistants in the temple at near modern Ottapalam. Mathematical lineage He was taught mainly by Nilakan ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1500–1560 CE) *

Gaṇeśa Daivajna Gaṇeśa Daivajna (born c. 1507, 1520-1554) was a sixteenth century astronomer, astrologer, and mathematician from western India who wrote books on methods to predict eclipses, planetary conjunctions, positions, and make calculations for calenda ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1520-1554 CE) * Achyutha Pisharadi, Sanskrit linguist, astronomer, astrologer and mathematician (1550–1621 CE) *

Kṛṣṇa Daivajña Kṛṣṇa Daivajña was a 16th-17th century Indian astrologer-astronomer-mathematician from Varanasi patronized by the Mughal Emperors, Mughal Emperor Jahangir. As a mathematician Kṛṣṇa Daivajña is best known for his elaborate commentary ...

, mathematicians (16th - 17th century) *

Nilakantha Daivajna Nila-kantha (IAST: Nīlakaṇṭha) was a 16th-century astrologer and astronomer ('' jyotishi'' or ''daivajña'') and Sanskrit writer from the Mughal Empire of present-day India. He was a royal astrologer to emperor Akbar, and contributed to ''T ...

, astronomer and astrologer (6th century CE) *

Munishvara Munishvara or Munīśvara Viśvarūpa (born 1603) was an Indian mathematician who wrote several commentaries including one on astronomy, the ''Siddhanta Sarvabhauma'' (1646), which included descriptions of astronomical instruments such as the ' ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1603 - 1670) *

Kamalakara Kamalakara (1616 – 1700) was an Indian astronomer and mathematician, came from a learned family of scholars from Golagrama, a village situated in Maharashtra State near Partha-puri (Pathari) on the northern bank of the river Godāvarī. His ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1616–1700 CE) *

Puthumana Somayaji Puthumana Somayaji (c.1660–1740) was a 17th-century astronomer-mathematician from Kerala, India. He was born into the Puthumana or Puthuvana (in Sanskrit, Nutanagriha or Nuthanvipina) family of Sivapuram (identified as present day Thrissur). Th ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1660–1740 CE) *

Jagannatha Samrat Paṇḍita Jagannātha Samrāṭ (1652–1744) was an Indian astronomer and mathematician who served in the court of Jai Singh II of Amber, and was also his guru. Jagannātha, whose father's name was Gaṇeśa, and grandfather's Viṭṭhala wa ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1652–1744 CE) *

Sawai Jai Singh Sawai Jai Singh II (3 November 1688 – 21 September 1743), was the 30th Kachwaha Rajput ruler of the Kingdom of Amber, who later founded the fortified city of Jaipur and made it his capital. He became the ruler of Amber at the age of 11, after ...

, ruler and astronomer, commissioned Jantar Mantar observatory (1688–1743 CE) *

Sankara Varman Sankara Varman (1774–1839) was an astronomer-mathematician belonging to the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He is best known as the author of Sadratnamala, a treatise on astronomy and mathematics, composed in 1819. Sankara Varman i ...

, astronomer and mathematician (1774–1839 CE)

19th century CE

Radhanath Sikdar Radhanath Sikdar (; 5 October 1813 – 17 May 1870), was an Indian mathematician and social reformer. He is best known for being the first person to calculate the height of Mount Everest, in 1852. He was a member of Henry Derozio's Young Benga ...

, mathematician, calculated height of Mt. Everest (1813–1870 CE) * Gode Venkata Juggarow, astronomer (1817–1856 CE) *

Pathani Samanta Pathani Samanta better known as Mahamahopadhyaya Chandrasekhara Singha Harichandana Mahapatra Samanta, was an Indian astronomer, mathematician and scholar who measured the distance from the Earth to the Sun with a bamboo pipe, and traditional in ...

, astronomer (1835–1904 CE) *

Jagdish Chandra Bose Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose (; ; 30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a polymath with interests in biology, physics and writing science fiction. He was a pioneer in the investigation of radio microwave optics, made significant contributions ...

, polymath, father of radio science (1858–1937 CE) *

Sir M. Visvesvaraya Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya (Moːkśguṇam Viśveśvarayya; 15 September 1861 – 12/14 April 1962), also referred to by his initials, MV, was an Indian civil engineer, administrator, and statesman, who served as the 19th Dewan of Mysore ...

, civil engineer and statesman (1861–1962 CE) *

Prafulla Chandra Ray Sir Prafulla Chandra Ray (also spelled Prafulla Chandra Roy; ''Prôphullô Côndrô Rāẏ''; 2 August 1861 – 16 June 1944) was an Indian chemist, educationist, historian, industrialist and philanthropist. He established the first moder ...

, chemist (1861–1944 CE) * Shankar Abaji Bhise, invented type setting machine (1867–1935 CE) * Indumadhab Mallick, polymath, inventor of icmic cooker (1869–1917 CE) *

Upendranath Brahmachari Rai Bahadur Sir Upendranath Brahmachari ; 19 December 1873 – 6 February 1946) was a prominent Indian physician and scientist. In 1922, he synthesised urea-stibamine (carbostibamide) and demonstrated its effectiveness in treating kala-azar ( ...

, physician (1873–1946 CE) synthesised urea-stibamine (carbostibamide) for the treatment of Kala-azar

visceral leishmaniasis Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar (Hindi: kālā āzār, "black sickness") or "black fever", is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and, without proper diagnosis and treatment, is associated with high fatality. Leishmaniasi ...

* Shiv Ram Kashyap, botanist (1882–1934 CE) *

Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia Darashaw Nosherwan Wadia FRS (23 October 1883 – 15 June 1969) was a pioneering geologist in India and among the first Indian scientists to work in the Geological Survey of India. He is remembered for his work on the stratigraphy of the ...

, geologist (1883–1969 CE) *

Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje Pandurang Sadashiv Khankhoje (7 November 1884 – 22 January 1967) was an Indian revolutionary, scholar, agricultural scientist and Statesman who was among the founding fathers of the Ghadar Party. Early life Khankhoje was born in November 188 ...

, scholar and agronomist (1884–1967 CE) * M. O. P. Iyengar, botanist and phycologist (1886–1963 CE) * Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (C. V. Raman), physicist (1888–1970 CE) *

Srinivasa Ramanujan Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar (22 December 188726 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician. Often regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time, though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial con ...

, mathematician (1887–1920 CE) * Satya Churn Law, naturalist and ornithologist (1888–1984 CE) *

Sisir Kumar Mitra Sisir Kumar Mitra (or ''Shishirkumar Mitra'') MBE, FNI, FASB, FIAS, FRS (24 October 1890 – 13 August 1963) was an Indian physicist. Early life and education Mitra was born in his father's hometown of Konnagar, a suburb of Kolkata (the ...

, radio and atmospheric physicist (1890–1963 CE) *

Birbal Sahni Birbal Sahni FRS (14 November 1891 – 10 April 1949) was an Indian paleobotanist who studied the fossils of the Indian subcontinent. He also took an interest in geology and archaeology. He founded what is now the Birbal Sahni Institute of Pal ...

, paleobotanist (1891–1949 CE) *

Gopalswamy Doraiswamy Naidu G. D. Naidu (Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu) (23 March 1893 – 4 January 1974) was an Indian inventor and engineer who is referred to as the "Thomas Edison, Edison of India" and "the wealth creator of Coimbatore". He is credited with the manufa ...

, inventor (1893-1974 CE) *

K. R. Ramanathan Kalpathi Ramakrishna Ramanathan (28 February 189331 December 1984) was an Indian physicist and meteorologist. He was the first director of the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad. From 1954 to 1957, Ramanathan was President of the Internat ...

, physicist and meteorologist (1893–1984 CE) * K. Ananda Rau, mathematician (1893–1966 CE) *

Meghnad Saha Meghnad Saha (6 October 1893 – 16 February 1956) was an Indian astrophysicist and politician who helped devise the theory of Thermal ionization, thermal ionisation. His Saha ionization equation, Saha ionisation equation allowed astronomers to ...

, astrophysicist (1893–1956 CE) *

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis OBE, FNA, FASc, FRS (29 June 1893 – 28 June 1972) was an Indian scientist and statistician. He is best remembered for the Mahalanobis distance, a statistical measure, and for being one of the members of the fi ...

, statistician (1893–1972 CE) *

Jnan Chandra Ghosh Sir Jnan Chandra Ghosh or Jnanendra Chandra Ghosh (4 September 1894 – 21 January 1959) was an Indian chemist best known for his contribution to the development of scientific research, industrial development and technology education in In ...

, chemist (1894–1959 CE) *

Nikhil Ranjan Sen Nikhil Ranjan Sen (23 May 1894 – 13 January 1963) was an Indian-Bengali scientist who was a pioneer in the field of general relativity and called the father of applied mathematics in India. He received his PhD from Humboldt University of Berli ...

, mathematical physicist (1894-1963 CE) *

Satyendra Nath Bose Satyendra Nath Bose (; 1 January 1894 – 4 February 1974) was an Indian theoretical physicist and mathematician. He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, in developing the foundation for Bose–Einstein statist ...

, theoretical physicist, father of God Particle (1894–1974 CE) *

Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Sir Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar (21 February 1894 – 1 January 1955) was an Indian colloid chemist, academic and scientific administrator. The first director-general of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Bhatnagar is revered ...

, colloid chemist (1894–1955 CE) *

Yellapragada Subbarow Yellapragada Subba Rao (12 January 18958 August 1948) was an Indian American biochemist who discovered the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an energy source in the cell, developed methotrexate for the treatment of cancer and led th ...

, biochemist (1895–1948 CE) *

Sunder Lal Hora Sunder Lal Hora (22 May 1896 – 8 December 1955) was an Indian ichthyologist known for his biogeographic theory on the affinities of Western Ghats and Indomalayan fish forms. Life Hora was born at Hafizabad in the Punjab (modern da ...

, ichthyologist (1896–1955 CE) *

Salim Ali Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali (12 November 1896 – 20 June 1987) was an Indian ornithologist and naturalist. Sometimes referred to as the "Birdman of India", Salim Ali was the first Indian to conduct systematic bird surveys across India and wrot ...

, ornithologist and naturalist (1896–1987 CE) *

Janaki Ammal Edavalath Kakkat Janaki Ammal (formally known as Janaki Ammal) (4 November 1897 – 7 February 1984) was an Indian botanist who worked on plant breeding, cytogenetics and phytogeography. Her most notable work involved studies on sugarcane and ...

, botanist (1897–1984 CE) * K.S. Krishnan, physicist (1898–1961 CE) * M. S. Krishnan, geologist (1898–1970 CE) *

Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao Prof. Kotcherlakota Rangadhama Rao (9 September 1898 – 20 June 1972) was an Indian physicist in the field of Spectroscopy. Rangadhama Rao is best known for his work on spectroscopy, his role in the development of Nuclear Quadrupole Resonanc ...

, physicist (1898–1972 CE)

Early 20th century CE

* Kedareswar Banerjee, crystallographer (1900–1975 CE) * L. A. Ramdas, physicist and meteorologist (1900–1979 CE) *

Raj Chandra Bose Raj Chandra Bose (or Basu) (19 June 1901 – 31 October 1987) was an Indian American mathematician and statistician best known for his work in design theory, finite geometry and the theory of error-correcting codes in which the class of BCH c ...

, mathematician (1901-1987 CE) *

Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai (5 April 1901 – 31 August 1950) was an Indian mathematician specialising in number theory. His contribution to Waring's problem was described in 1950 by K. S. Chandrasekharan as "almost certainly his best ...

, mathematician (1901–1950 CE) * Panchanan Maheshwari, botanist, invented test-tube fertilisation technique of Angiosperms (1904–1966 CE) *

Kailas Nath Kaul Kailas Nath Kaul (1905–1983) was an Indian botanist, naturalist, agricultural scientist, horticulturist, herbalist, plant collector and herpetologist, and a world authority on Arecaceae. He founded India's National Botanical Research Institu ...

, agronomist (1905–1983 CE) *

Benjamin Peary Pal Benjamin Peary Pal or B. P. Pal FRS (26 May 1906 – 14 September 1989) was an Indian plant breeder and agronomist who served as a director of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute in Delhi and as the first Director General of the Indian ...

, agronomist (1906–1989 CE) *

Daulat Singh Kothari Daulat Singh Kothari (6 July 1906 – 4 February 1993) was an Indian scientist and educationist. Early life and education Daulat Singh Kothari was born in the princely state of Udaipur in Rajputana on 6 July 1906. Kothari was the son on of a ...

, physicist (1906–1993 CE) *

Vishnu Vasudev Narlikar Vishnu Vasudev Narlikar (26 September 1908 – 1 April 1991) was an Indian physicist specializing in general relativity. He is considered "the doyen of General Relativity in India." The Centre for Theoretical Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia has ...

, physicist (1908–1991 CE) *

Homi Jehangir Bhabha Homi Jehangir Bhabha, FNI, FASc, FRS (30 October 1909 – 24 January 1966) was an Indian nuclear physicist who is widely credited as the "father of the Indian nuclear programme". He was the founding director and professor of physics at the ...

, nuclear physicist, father of Indian nuclear programme (1909–1966 CE) * Nautam Bhatt, physicist (1909–2005 CE) * P.R. Pisharoty, physicist and meteorologist (1909–2002 CE) *

Suri Bhagavantam Suri Bhagavantam (, ; 14 October 1909 – 6 February 1989) was an Indian scientist and administrator. He was Vice chancellor of Osmania University and Director of Indian Institute of Science and Defence Research and Development Organisation. E ...

, physicist (1909–1989 CE) *

Sarvadaman Chowla Sarvadaman D. S. Chowla (22 October 1907 – 10 December 1995) was an English-American mathematician, specializing in number theory. Early life He was born in London, since his father, Gopal Chowla, a professor of mathematics in Lahore, was then ...

. mathematician (1907-1995) *

Subramanyan Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (; 19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian-American theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to the scientific knowledge about the structure of stars, stellar evolution and black holes. He wa ...

, theoretical physicist, known for Chandrasekhar Limit (1910–1995 CE) * Kamala Sohonie, biochemist (1911–1998 CE) * A. S. Rao, physicist (1914–2003 CE) * Matthew Pothen Thekaekara, Jesuit priest who published the Thekaekara spectrum (1914–1974 AD) *

Sambhu Nath De Sambhunath De ; (1 February 1915 – 15 April 1985) was an Indian medical scientist and researcher, who discovered the cholera toxin, the ''animal model of cholera'', and successfully demonstrated the method of transmission of cholera pathoge ...

, pathlogist (1915–1985 CE) * Asima Chatterjee, chemist (1917–2006 CE) * M. S. Balakrishnan, phycologist (1917–1990 CE) *

Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan Waman Dattatreya Patwardhan (30 January 1917 – 27 July 2007) was an IOFS officer, nuclear chemist, defence scientist and an expert in the science of Explosives engineering. He was the founder director of the Explosives Research and Developm ...

, nuclear chemist (1917–2007 CE) *

Anna Mani Anna Mani (23 August 1918 – 16 August 2001) was an Indian physicist and meteorologist. She retired as the deputy director general of the Indian Meteorological Department and also served as a visiting professor at the Raman Research Institute. ...

, physicist and meteorologist (1918–2001 CE) *

Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya (P.C.Vaidya; 23 May 1918 – 12 March 2010), was an Indian physicist and mathematician, renowned for his instrumental work in the general theory of relativity. Apart from his scientific career, he was also an education ...

, physicist and mathematician (1918–2010 CE) * Shya Chitaley, paleobotanist (1918–2013 CE) * V. S. Huzurbazar, statistician (1919–1991 CE) *

Vikram Sarabhai Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai (12 August 1919 – 30 December 1971) was an Indian physicist and astronomer who initiated space research and helped to develop nuclear power in India. Often regarded as the "''Father of Indian space program''", Sar ...

, physicist and astronomer, established Physical Research Laboratory (1919–1971 CE) *

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao Prof. Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (10 September 1920 – 22 August 2023) was an Indian-American mathematician and statistician. He was professor emeritus at Pennsylvania State University and research professor at the University at Buffalo. Rao ...

, mathematical statistician (1920–2023) *

K. S. Chandrasekharan Komaravolu Chandrasekharan (21 November 1920 – 13 April 2017) was a professor at ETH Zurich and a founding faculty member of School of Mathematics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR). He is known for his work in number theory an ...

, mathematician (1920–2017 CE) *

Satish Dhawan Satish Dhawan (25 September 1920 – 3 January 2002) was an Indian mathematician and aerospace engineer. He served as the chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from 1972 to 1984 and is often regarded as the father ...

, aerospace engineer (1920–2002 CE) * Siva Brata Bhattacherjee, X-ray crystallographer (1921–2003 CE) * Vasudeva Krishnamurthy, algologist (1921–2014 CE) * G. N. Ramachandran, biophysicist (1922–2001 CE) *

Har Gobind Khorana Har Gobind Khorana (9 January 1922 – 9 November 2011) was an Indian-American biochemist. While on the faculty of the University of Wisconsin–Madison, he shared the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Marshall W. Nirenberg and ...

, biochemist (1922–2011 CE) *

Yelavarthy Nayudamma Yelavarthy Nayudamma (10 September 1922 – 23 June 1985) was an Indian chemical engineer and a scientist who served as the Director General of Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Vice Chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delh ...

, chemical engineer (1922–1985 CE) * Amal Kumar Raychaudhuri, theoretical physicist (1923–2005 CE) * B. V. Sreekantan, astrophysicist (1923–2019 CE) *

Homi Sethna Homi Nusserwanji Sethna (24 August 1923 – 5 September 2010) was an Indian nuclear scientist and a chemical engineer, gaining international fame as the Chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission (India) during the time when the first nucl ...

, nuclear physicist and chemist (1923–2010 CE) *

Harish-Chandra Harish-Chandra (né Harishchandra) FRS (11 October 1923 – 16 October 1983) was an Indian-American mathematician and physicist who did fundamental work in representation theory, especially harmonic analysis on semisimple Lie groups. Early ...

, mathematician and physicist (1923–1983 CE) * Ranjan Roy Daniel, physicist (1923–2005 CE) *

M. S. Swaminathan Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan (7 August 1925 – 28 September 2023) was an Indian geneticist and plant breeder, administrator and humanitarian. Swaminathan was a global leader of the green revolution. He has been called the main architect of ...

, agronomist (1925–2023 CE) *

Nitya Anand Nitya Anand (1 January 1925 – 27 January 2024) was an Indian medicinal chemist who was the director of Central Drug Research Institute in Lucknow from 1974 to 1984. In 2005, Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission (IPC) appointed him chairman of its ...

, medicinal chemist (1925–2024 CE) *

Raja Ramanna Raja Ramanna (28 January 1925 – 24 September 2004) was an Indian nuclear physicist. He was the director of India and weapons of mass destruction, India's nuclear program in the late 1960s and early 1970s, which culminated in Smiling Buddha ...

, nuclear physicist (1925–2004 CE) *

Narinder Singh Kapany Narinder Singh Kapany (31 October 1926 – 4 December 2020) was an Indian-American physicist and a pioneer in the field of fiber optics. Notably, Kapany is known for coining and popularising the term "fiber optics".. ''Fortune'' named him one ...

, physicist (1926–2020 CE) *

Syed Zahoor Qasim Sayed Zahoor Qasim (31 December 1926 – 20 October 2015) was an Indian marine biologist. Qasim helped lead India's exploration to Antarctica and guided the other seven expeditions from 1981 to 1988. He was a Member of the Planning Commission of ...

, marine biologist (1926–2015 CE) * Samarendra Nath Biswas, theoretical physicist (1926–2005 CE) *

Yash Pal Yash Pal (26 November 1926 – 24 July 2017) was an Indian scientist, educator and educationist. He was known for his contributions to the study of cosmic rays, as well as for being an institution-builder. In his later years, he became one of ...

, space scientist (1926–2017 CE) *

Gopinath Kartha Gopinath Kartha (26 January 1927 – 18 June 1984) was a crystallographer of Indian origin. In 1967, he determined the molecular structure of the enzyme ribonuclease. Early life and education Gopinath Kartha was born in Cherthala, near Alappuz ...

, crystallographer (1927–1984 CE) * Purnima Sinha, physicist (1927–2015 CE) * Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman, metallurgist (1927–2009 CE) *

Vainu Bappu Manali Kallat Vainu Bappu (10 August 1927 – 19 August 1982) was an Indian astronomer and president of the International Astronomical Union. Bappu helped to establish several astronomical institutions in India, including the Vainu Bappu Ob ...

, astronomer (1927–1982 CE) *

M. G. K. Menon Mambillikalathil Govind Kumar Menon (28 August 1928 – 22 November 2016) also known as M. G. K. Menon, was an Indian physicist and policy maker who served as the Chairperson of the Indian Space Research Organisation in 1972 and also ser ...

, physicist (1928–2016 CE) *

U. Aswathanarayana Uppugunduri Aswathanarayana (1 July 1928 - 6 March 2016) was the Honorary Director of the Mahadevan International Centre for Water Resources Management, India. He is counted among the doyens of geology in independent India and revered as a lead ...

, geologist (1928–2016 CE) * Asoke Nath Mitra, theoretical physicist (1929–2022 CE) *

Arvind Joshi Arvind Joshi (1936 29 January 2021) was an Indian film and theatre actor, playwright and director known for his work in Gujarati theatre and Gujarati cinema. He was the father of actors Manasi Joshi Roy and Sharman Joshi. Biography He was bor ...

, computational linguist (1929–2017 CE) *

Amar Bose Amar Gopal Bose (November 2, 1929 – July 12, 2013) was an American entrepreneur and academic. An electrical engineer and sound engineer, he was a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for over 45 years. He was also the found ...

, electrical engineer (1929–2013 CE) *

Govind Swarup Govind Swarup (March 23, 1929 – September 7, 2020) was a pioneer in radio astronomy. In addition to research contributions in multiple areas of astronomy and astrophysics, he was a driving force behind the building of "ingenious, innovative ...

, radioastronomer (1929–2020 CE) *

Kookal Ramunni Krishnan Kookal Ramunni Krishnan (KR Krishnan) (1929–28 December 1999) born in Kerala, was an Indian physician. He was the former director of Southport Regional Spinal Injuries Centre in Southport, United Kingdom, a lecturer in the department of ne ...

, physician (1929–1999 CE) * Krityunjai Prasad Sinha, theoretical physicist (1929–2023 CE) *

Shrinivas Kulkarni Shrinivas Ramchandra Kulkarni (born 4 October 1956) is a US-based astronomer born and raised in India. He is a professor of astronomy and planetary science at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech), and was the director of the Caltech ...

, mathematician (1930–2012 CE) *

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam ( ; 15 October 193127 July 2015) was an Indian aerospace scientist and statesman who served as the president of India from 2002 to 2007. Born and raised in a Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, Kala ...

, aerospace engineer, missile man of India (1931–2015 CE) *

E. C. George Sudarshan Ennackal Chandy George Sudarshan (also known as E. C. G. Sudarshan; 16 September 1931 – 13 May 2018) was an Indian Americans, Indian American theoretical physicist and a professor at the University of Texas. Prof.Sudarshan has been credite ...

, theoretical physicist (1931–2018 CE) * Manilal Bhaumik, physicist (1931–present CE) *

Nilamber Pant Nilamber Pant (born 25 July 1931) is an Indian space scientist, a former member of the ''Space Commission of India'' and a pioneer of satellite based communication and broadcasting in India. He served at the Satish Dhawan Space Centre and the I ...

, space scientist (1931–present CE) * P. K. Iyengar, nuclear physicist (1931–2011 CE) *

Surindar Kumar Trehan Surindar Kumar Trehan (S.K. Trehan) was an Indian mathematician who specialised in non-linear stability in magnetohydrodynamics. He was awarded in 1976 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology Shanti or Shanthi may refer to ...

, mathematician (1931–2004 CE) * C. S. Seshadri, mathematician (1932–2020 CE) *

Ganeshan Venkataraman Ganeshan Venkataraman is an Indian condensed matter physicist, writer and a former vice chancellor of the Sri Sathya Sai University. An elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, and the Indian Academy of Sciences, Venkataraman is a ...

, condensed matter physicist (1932–present CE) * M. S. Narasimhan, mathematician (1932–2021 CE) *

Obaid Siddiqi Obaid Siddiqi Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (7 January 1932 – 26 July 2013) was an Indian National Research Professor and the Founder-Director of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) National Center for Biological Science ...

, biologist (1932–2013 CE) * Ratan Lal Brahmachary, biochemist (1932–2018 CE) * Udipi Ramachandra Rao, space scientist (1932–2017 CE) *

Daya-Nand Verma Daya-Nand Verma (25 June 1933, Varanasi – 10 June 2012, Mumbai) was a mathematician at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research during the period 1968-1993. The construction of Verma modules appears in his Ph.D. thesis as a student of Nathan ...

, mathematician (1933–2012 CE) *

Amartya Sen Amartya Kumar Sen (; born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher. Sen has taught and worked in England and the United States since 1972. In 1998, Sen received the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his contributions ...

, economist and philosopher (1933–present CE) * Vasant Ranchhod Gowarikar, meteorologist (1933–2015 CE) *

Roddam Narasimha Roddam Narasimha Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (20 July 193314 December 2020) was an Indian aerospace scientist and fluid dynamics, fluid dynamicist. He was a professor of Aerospace Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science (1962–1999) ...

, aerospace scientist and fluid dynamicist (1934–2020 CE) * Ajoy Ghose, mining engineer (1934–2019 CE) * C. N. R. Rao, chemist (1934–present CE) * Gandikota V. Rao, atmospheric scientist (1934–2004 CE) * Subramania Ranganathan, bioorganic chemist (1934–2016 CE) * S. Pancharatnam, optical physicist (1934–1969 CE) *

Animesh Chakravorty Animesh Chakravorty (born 30 June 1935) is an Indian inorganic chemist. Biography Born in Mymensingh city (now in Bangladesh), Chakravorty had his school education there and later in Kolkata after the family moved there in 1948. He received ...

, chemist (1935–present CE) * Vinod Johri, astrophysicist (1935–2015 CE) * E. S. Raja Gopal, condensed matter physicist (1936–2018 CE) * Jasbir Singh Bajaj, physician and diabetologist (1936–2019 CE) *

Rajagopala Chidambaram Rajagopala Chidambaram (11 November 1936 – 4 January 2025) was an Indian physicist who is known for his integral role in India's nuclear weapons program; he coordinated test preparation for the Pokhran-I (1974) and Pokhran-II (1998). C ...

, nuclear physicist (1936–2025 CE) *

Yusuf Hamied Yusuf Khwaja Hamied (born 25 July 1936) is an Indian scientist, billionaire businessman and the chairman of Cipla, a generic pharmaceuticals company founded by his father Khwaja Abdul Hamied in 1935. He is also an elected fellow of the Indian ...

, pharmaceutical scientist, (1936–present CE) *

Dronamraju Krishna Rao Dronamraju Krishna Rao (14 January 1937 – 3 December 2020) was an Indian-born geneticist and president of the Foundation for Genetic Research in Houston, Texas. He was born in Pithapuram, in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. One focus of h ...

, geneticist (1937–2020 CE) *

B. L. K. Somayajulu Bhamidipati Lakshmidhara Kanakadri Somayajulu (1937-2016) is an Indian geochemist and a Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR Emeritus Scientist at Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad. He is known for his studies on ancient and ...

, geochemist (1937–2016 CE) * Jogesh Pati, theoretical physicist (1937–present CE) *

Raj Reddy Dabbala Rajagopal "Raj" Reddy (born 13 June 1937) is an Indian-American computer scientist and a winner of the Turing Award. He is one of the early pioneers of artificial intelligence and has served on the faculty of Stanford and Carnegie Mel ...

, computer scientist (1937–present CE) *

Raghavan Narasimhan Raghavan Narasimhan (August 31, 1937 – October 3, 2015) was an Indian mathematician at the University of Chicago who worked on real and complex manifolds and who solved the Levi problem for complex manifolds. Early life and education He ...

, mathematician, solved Levi problem for complex manifolds (1937–2015 CE) * Subhash Mukhopadhyay, physician (1937–1981 CE) *

Ganapathi Thanikaimoni Ganapathi Thanikaimoni (1 January 1938 – 5 September 1986), often referred to as Thanikaimoni, was an Indian palynologist. Early life and education Born on New Year's Day, 1938 in Madras, India, Thani received the Master of Science degre ...

, palynologist (1938–1986 CE) * A. P. Balachandran, theoretical physicist (1938–present CE) * Chanchal Kumar Majumdar, condensed matter physicist (1938–2000 CE) *

Govindarajan Padmanabhan Govindarajan Padmanaban (born 20 March 1938, in Madras) is an Indian biochemist and biotechnologist. He was the former director of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), and presently serves as honorary professor in the department of biochemis ...

, biochemist and biotechnologist (1938–present CE) *

Jayant Narlikar Jayant Vishnu Narlikar (19 July 1938 – 20 May 2025) was an Indian astrophysicist who performed research on alternative cosmology. He was also an author who wrote textbooks on cosmology, popular science books, and science fiction novels and ...

, astrophysicist (1938–present CE) * Shipra Guha-Mukherjee, botanist (1938–2007 CE) *

Ajoy Ghatak Ajoy Kumar Ghatak is an Indian physicist and author of physics textbooks. Ghatak has written over 170 research papers and more than 20 books. His undergraduate textbook on ''Optics'' has been translated to Chinese and Persian and his monograph ...

, physicist (1939–present CE) * Dadaji Ramaji Khobragade, agronomist (1939–2018 CE) *

V. K. Aatre Vasudev Kalkunte Aatre (born 1939) is an Indian scientist and former head of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India's premier defence research and development organization. In that capacity, he also served as the Scient ...

, electrical engineer (1939–present CE) * K. R. K. Easwaran, molecular biophysicist (1939–present CE) * M. L. Madan, biotechnologist (1939–present CE) * Narasimhaiengar Mukunda, theoretical physicist (1939–present CE) * Surendra Nath Pandeya, medicinal and organic chemist (1939–2012 CE) * Ramamurti Rajaraman, theoretical physicist (1939–present CE) *

Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan (24 October 1940 – 25 April 2025) was an Indian space scientist who headed the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from 1994 to 2003. Until his death, he was Chancellor of Central University of Rajasthan a ...

, space scientist (1940–present CE) *

Sujoy K. Guha Sujoy Kumar Guha is an Indian biomedical engineer. He was born in Patna, India, 20 June 1940.Darshan Ranganathan Darshan Ranganathan (4 June 1941 – 4 June 2001) was an organic chemist from India who was known for her work in bio-organic chemistry, including "pioneering work in protein folding." She was also recognized for her work in " supramolecular as ...

, organic chemist (1941–2001 CE) *

M. S. Raghunathan Madabusi Santanam Raghunathan FRS is an Indian mathematician. He is currently a Distinguished Professor of Mathematics at the Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences (CEBS) in Mumbai, India. Previously, he was the Head of the National Centre ...

, mathematician (1941–present CE) * Nambi Narayanan, aerospace engineer (1941–present CE) *

T. V. Ramakrishnan Tiruppattur Venkatachalamurti Ramakrishnan FRS (born 14 August 1941) is an Indian theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to condensed matter physics. He served as thDAE Homi Bhabha Chair Professorin the Department of Physics at B ...

, theoretical physicist (1941–present CE) *

Madhav Gadgil Madhav Dhananjaya Gadgil (born 24 May 1942) is an Indian ecologist, academic, writer, columnist and the founder of the ''Centre for Ecological Sciences'', a research forum under the aegis of the Indian Institute of Science. He is a former membe ...

, ecologist (1942–present CE) * Patcha Ramachandra Rao, metallurgist (1942–2010 CE) * Probir Roy, particle physicist (1942–present CE) * Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni, mathematician, known for Kulkarni-Nomizu product (1942–present CE) *

Shivram Bhoje Shivram Baburao Bhoje (born 9 April 1942) is a distinguished Indian nuclear scientist who worked in the field of fast-breeder nuclear reactor technology for forty years in the design, construction, operation, and research and development. The In ...

, nuclear physicist (1942–present CE) * Subhendu Guha, photovoltaicist (1942–present CE) *

Sam Pitroda Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda, popularly known as Sam Pitroda (Born, November 16, 1942), is an Indian official, telecommunications engineer, and entrepreneur. He was born in Titlagarh, in the eastern Indian state of Odisha, into a Gujarati f ...

, telecommunication engineer (1942–present CE) * Aditi Pant, oceanographer (1943–present CE) * G Madhavan Nair, space scientist (1943–present CE) *

Anil Kakodkar Anil Kakodkar, (born 11 November 1943) is an Indian nuclear power, nuclear physicist and mechanical engineer. He was the chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India and the Secretary to the Government of India, he was the Director of ...

, nuclear physicist (1943–present CE) *

Raghunath Anant Mashelkar Raghunath Anant Mashelkar FTWAS FNA FASc FRS FREng FRSC (born 1 January 1943), also known as Ramesh Mashelkar, is an Indian chemical engineer who is a former Director General of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). He ...

, chemical engineer (1943–present CE) * V. Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist (1943–present CE) * Abhay Bhushan, computer scientist (1944–present CE) *

Avinash Kak Avinash C. Kak (born 1944) is a professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University who has conducted pioneering research in several areas of information processing. His most noteworthy contributions deal with algorithms, lang ...

, computer scientist (1944–present CE) * Jagdish Shukla, meteorologist (1944–present CE) *

Naresh Dadhich Naresh Dadhich (born September 1, 1944) is a theoretical physicist, formerly at Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA). He was also the director of IUCAA until August 31, 2009. He held the M.A. Ansari Chair in Theoretical ...

, theoretical physicist (1944–present CE) * Phoolan Prasad, mathematician (1944–present CE) *

S. A. Hussain Syed Abdulla Hussain (13 August 1944 – 30 December 2009) was an Indian ornithologist. He is best known for the work he undertook at the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) along with Salim Ali. A species of frog ''Nyctibatrachus hussaini'' fr ...

, ornitholohist (1944–2009 CE) * Tej P Singh, biophysicist (1944–present CE) * Vijay Kumar Kapahi, astrophysicist (1944–1999 CE) * K. N. Shankara, space scientist (1945–2017 CE) *

Prem Chand Pandey Prem Chand Pandey is an Indian space scientist, planetary scientist, and academic in the fields of satellite oceanography, remote sensing, atmospheric science, the Antarctic and climate change, and also he is the founding director of the Nation ...

, planetary scientist (1945–present CE) * Subhash Chandra Lakhotia, cytogeneticst (1945–present CE) * Ranajit Chakraborty, geneticist (1946–2018 CE) *

Srikumar Banerjee Dr. Srikumar Banerjee (25 April 1946 – 23 May 2021) was an Indian metallurgical engineer. He retired as the chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission of India (AECI) and the secretary of Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) on 30 April 2012. Pri ...

, metallurgical engineer (1946–2021 CE) * Sudipta Sengupta, structural geologist (1946–present CE) *

Vijay P. Bhatkar Vijay Pandurang Bhatkar is an Indian computer scientist, IT leader and educationalist. He is best known as the architect of India's National Initiative in Supercomputing where he led the development of Param supercomputers. He is a Padma Shri, ...

, computer scientist (1946–present CE) * A. Sivathanu Pillai, aerospace engineer (1947–present CE) * Dattatreyudu Nori, radiation oncologist (1947–present CE) *

Mathukumalli Vidyasagar Mathukumalli Vidyasagar (born 29 September 1947) is a leading control theorist and a Fellow of Royal Society. He is currently a Distinguished Professor in Electrical Engineering at IIT Hyderabad. Previously he was the Cecil & Ida Green (II ...

, control theorist (1947–present CE) *

Prem Shanker Goel Prem Shanker Goel (born 20 April 1947) is an Indian space scientist, former secretary at the Department of Ocean Development, Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India and a former director of Indian Space Research Organization. He was ho ...

, space scientist (1947–present CE) *

Sushanta Kumar Dattagupta Sushanta Kumar Dattagupta, known better as Sushanta Dattagupta, is an Indian condensed matter physicist. He was Director of the S N Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences Kolkata between 1999 and 2005 and then he was appointed Program Co-o ...

, condensed matter physicist (1947–present CE) * Archana Bhattacharyya, physicist (1948–present CE) *

K. S. R. Krishna Raju K. S. R. Krishna Raju (11 March 1948 – 22 July 2002) was an Indian ornithologist who worked extensively in the Eastern Ghats of Vishakapatnam. He conducted multiple avifaunal surveys, ringed birds and collaborated with other ornithologists i ...

, ornithologist (1948–2002 CE) * M. R. S. Rao, biologist (1948–2023 CE) * Predhiman Krishan Kaw, plasma physicist (1948–2017 CE) * Thirumalachari Ramasami, leather scientist (1948–present CE) *

Abhay Ashtekar Abhay Vasant Ashtekar (born 5 July 1949) is an Indian theoretical physicist who created Ashtekar variables and is one of the founders of loop quantum gravity and its subfield loop quantum cosmology. Ashtekar has also written a number of descr ...

, theoritical physicist (1949–present CE) *

Jyeshtharaj Joshi Jyeshtharaj Bhalchandra Joshi is an Indian chemical engineer, nuclear scientist, consultant and professor, widely known for his innovations in nuclear reactor designs and generally regarded as a respected teacher. He is the DAE-Homi Bhabha Cha ...

, chemist and nuclear physicist (1949–present CE) * K. Radhakrishnan, space scientist (1949–present CE) *

Sulabha K. Kulkarni Sulabha Kashinath Kulkarni (born 1 June 1949) is an Indian physicist, whose research spans the areas of Nanotechnology, Materials Science, and Surface Science. She is currently a visiting faculty member at Indian Institute of Science Educatio ...

, nanotechnologist (1949–present CE) *

V. K. Saraswat Vijay Kumar Saraswat is an Indian scientist who formerly served as the Director General of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and the Chief Scientific Advisor to the Indian Minister of Defence. He retired as the Director Ge ...

, aeronautic engineer (1949–present CE) *

Lilabati Bhattacharjee Lilabati Bhattacharjee (née Ray) was a mineralogist, crystallographer and a physicist. She studied with the scientist Satyendra Nath Bose, and completed her MSc in physics from the University College of Science and Technology (commonly known a ...

, mineralogist and crystallographer (unknown) * Ram Chet Chaudhary, agronomist (unknown) * Radha Balakrishnan, theoretical physicist (unknown)

Late 20th century CE

* Gomatam Ravi, quantum physicist (1950–present CE) *

Jitendra Nath Goswami Jitendranath Goswami (born 18 November 1950) is an Indian scientist from Jorhat, Assam. He was the chief scientist of Chandrayaan-1, and was also the developer of this project. He served as a director of Physical Research Laboratory situated at ...

, astrophysicist (1950–present CE) * Kamanio Chattopadhyay, materials engineer (1950–present CE) * Sankar K. Pal, computer scientist (1950–present CE) * Chitra Mandal, biologist (1951–present CE) * Daya Shankar Kulshreshtha, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE) * H. R. Krishnamurthy, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE) *

Himmatrao Bawaskar Himmatrao Saluba Bawaskar is an Indian physician from Buldhana, Maharashtra. He is known for his research on treatment for scorpion stings. Much of his work has been published in the British medical journal ''The Lancet''. He has also conducted ...

, physician (1951–present CE) * Indrani Bose, theoretical physicist (1951–present CE) *

Swapan Chattopadhyay Swapan Chattopadhyay (born December 26, 1951) is an Indian American physicist who received his PhD from the University of California (Berkeley) in 1982. Chattopadhyay is part-time Faculty at University of California at Berkeley, adjunct profe ...

, physicist (1951–present CE) * Amitava Raychaudhuri, particle physicist (1952–present CE) * G. R. Desiraju, structural chemist (1952–present CE) *

A. S. Kiran Kumar Aluru Seelin Kiran Kumar (born 22 October 1952) is an Indian space scientist and former chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation, having assumed office on 14 January 2015. He is credited with the development of key scientific instrume ...

, space scientist (1952–present CE) *

Bikas Chakrabarti Bikas Kanta Chakrabarti (born 14 December 1952 in Kolkata (erstwhile Calcutta) is an Indian physicist. At present he is INSA Scientist (Physics) at the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics & Visiting Professor (Economics) at the Indian Statist ...

, physicist (1952–present CE) * N. Sasidharan, botanist (1952–present CE) * Rohini Godbole, physicist (1952–2024 CE) *

Salim Yusuf Salim Yusuf (born 26 November 1952) is an Indian-born Canadian physician, the Marion W. Burke Chair in Cardiovascular Disease at McMaster University Medical School. He is a cardiologist and epidemiologist, and is well known for his cardiology- ...

, physician (1952–present CE) * Samir K. Brahmachari, biophysicist (1952–present CE) *

Venkatraman Ramakrishnan Venkatraman Ramakrishnan (born 1952) is a British-American structural biologist. He shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada Yonath for research on the structure and function of ribosomes. Since 1999, he has w ...

, structural biologist (1952–present CE) * Vidya Arankalle, virologist (1952–present CE) *

Amar Gupta Amar Gupta (born 1953) is an Indian computer scientist based in the United States. Gupta has worked in academics, private companies, and international organizations in positions that involved analysis and leveraging of opportunities at the inter ...

, computer scientist (1953–present CE) *

Ghanshyam Swarup Ghanshyam Swarup (born 1953) is an Indian molecular biologist, a J. C. Bose National Fellow and the head of the ''Ghanshyam Swarup Research Group'' of the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology. He is known for his studies on glaucoma and th ...

, molecular biologist (1953–present CE) *

Michael Lobo Michael Lobo (born 12 September 1953) is an Indian scientist, writer, and genealogist. He is the author of three self-published books on the Catholic community in Mangalore, India. Early life and education Michael Lobo was born in Mangalore, ...

, genealogist (1953–present CE) * S. K. Shivakumar, space communications engineer (1953–2019 CE) * Shobhona Sharma, molecular biologist (1953–present CE) * Veena Parnaik, cell biologist (1953–present CE) * Biman Bagchi, chemist (1954–present CE) * C. K. Raju, polymath (1954–present CE) * Ravindra Kumar Sinha, biologist (1954–present CE) * Harsh Vardhan Batra, biotechnologist (1955–present CE) *

Ashoke Sen Ashoke Sen FRS (; born 1956) is an Indian theoretical physicist and distinguished professor at the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences (ICTS), Bangalore. A former distinguished professor at the Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Pra ...

, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE) * Gaiti Hasan, molecular biologist (1956–present CE) *

Narendra Karmarkar Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born 1956) is an Indian mathematician. He developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher. He invented one of the first probably polynomial time algorithms for linear programming, w ...

, mathematician, developed Karmakar algorithm (1956–present CE) *

, astronomer (1956–present CE) *

Sunil Mukhi Sunil Mukhi is an Indian theoretical physicist working in the areas of string theory, quantum field theory and particle physics. Currently he is adjunct professor at the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences of the Tata Institute of Fu ...

, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE) *

Varun Sahni Varun Bhisham Sahni (born 29 March 1956) is an Indian theoretical physicist, astrophysicist and a Distinguished Professor at the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics. Known for his research on cosmology, Sahni is an elected fell ...

, theoretical physicist (1956–present CE) *

K. Sivan Kailasavadivu Sivan (born 14 April 1957) is an Indian aerospace engineer who served as the secretary of the Department of Space and chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Space Commission. He has previously served as th ...

, aerospace engineer (1957–present CE) *

Thanu Padmanabhan Thanu Padmanabhan (10 March 1957 – 17 September 2021) was an Indian theoretical physicist and cosmologist whose research spanned a wide variety of topics in gravitation, structure formation in the universe and quantum gravity. He published ...

, theoretical physicist (1957–2021 CE) *

Mylswamy Annadurai Mylswamy Annadurai is an Indian scientist working as vice president for Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, Chairman, Board of Governors, National Design and Research Forum. He is often dubbed as the "Moon Man of India". Before ...

, aerospace engineer (1958–present CE) * Nagendra Kumar Singh, agronomist (1958–present CE) *

Pamposh Bhat Pamposh Bhat (born 19 September 1958) is a New Delhi–based environmentalist and award-winning writer. Education and career Bhat studied at St. Joseph's Convent at Bhopal and attended the University of Bhopal (now Barkatullah University) wh ...

, environmentalist (1958–present CE) *

Santanu Bhattacharya Santanu Bhattacharya (born 1958) is an Indian Chemical Biologist and former Professor at the Indian Institute of Science and former Director of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata (IACS Kolkata). At, present he is the ...

, chemical biologist (1958–present CE) * Vinod K. Singh, chemist (1959–present CE) *

Debasish Ghose Debasish Ghose (born 16 May 1960) is a professor at Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science. He is believed to have initiated work on cooperative control in India, having pioneered research on Intelligent control and mult ...

, robotics engineer (1960–present CE) * Biswarup Mukhopadhyaya, high-energy physicist (1960–present CE) * Ram Rajasekharan, biologist (1960–present CE) * Madan Rao, condensed matter and biological physicist (1960–present CE) *

Bharat Ratra Bharat Vishnu Ratra (born 26 January 1960) is an Indian-American physicist, theoretical cosmologist and astroparticle physicist who is currently a university distinguished professor of physics at Kansas State University. He is known for his w ...

, cosmologist and astroparticle physicist (1960–present CE) * K. Sridhar, physicist (1961–present CE) *

Lov Grover Lov Kumar Grover (born 1961) is an Indian-Americans, American computer scientist. He is the originator of the Grover's algorithm, Grover database search algorithm used in quantum computing. Grover's 1996 algorithm won renown as the second majo ...

, computer scientist (1961–present CE) * P. Kunhikrishnan, space scientist (1961–present CE) * Tapan Misra, digital hardware engineer (1961–present CE) *

Kalpana Chawla Kalpana Chawla (March 17, 1962 – February 1, 2003) was an American astronaut and aerospace engineer who was the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space. Chawla expressed an interest in aerospace engineering from an early age and took engi ...

, astronaut and aerospace engineer (1962–2003 CE) *

Rajeev Motwani Rajeev Motwani (Hindi: राजीव मोटवानी , 24 March 1962 – 5 June 2009) was an Indian-American professor of computer science at Stanford University whose research focused on theoretical computer science. He was a special a ...

, theoretical computer scientist (1962–2009 CE) * Shekhar C. Mande, computational biologist (1962–present CE) * Uddhab Bharali, inventor, invented pomegrante de-seeder (1962–present CE) *

Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava Gajendra Pal Singh Raghava is an Indian bio-informatician and head of computational biology at the Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology. Personal Early years and education Raghava was born in village Nagla Karan, Bulandshahr dist ...

, bioinformatician (1963–present CE) *

Sandip Trivedi Sandip Trivedi (; born 1963) is an Indian theoretical physicist working at Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR) at Mumbai, India, where had been the director. He is well known for his contributions to string theory, in particular find ...

, theoretical physicist (1963–present CE) * VA Shiva Ayyadurai, systems biologist (1963–present CE) *

S. Somanath Dr. Sreedhara Panicker Somanath (born July 1963) is an Indian Aerospace engineering, aerospace engineer served as the Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation, chairman of the ISRO, Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). Under hi ...

, aerospace engineer (1963–present CE) *

Upinder Singh Bhalla Upinder Singh Bhalla (born 1963) is an Indian computational neuroscientist, academic and a professor at National Centre for Biological Sciences of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. He is known for his studies on neuronal and Synaptics, ...

, computational neuroscientist (1963–present CE) * Charusita Chakravarty, chemist (1964–2016 CE) * Abhik Ghosh, inorganic chemist (1964–present CE) * Usha Kulshreshtha, theoretical physicist (1964–present CE) * Manjula Reddy, bacterial geneticist (1965–present CE) * Arun K. Pati, quantum physicist (1966–present CE) *

Manindra Agrawal Manindra Agrawal (born 20 May 1966) is an Indian computer scientist and director of Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He is also a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Ka ...

, computer scientist (1966–present CE) * G. K. Ananthasuresh, quantum physicist (1967–present CE) *

Giridhar Madras Giridhar Madras is an Indian chemical engineer. He is currently a senior professor in the department of chemical engineering at the Indian institute of technology Hyderabad. He was a professor at the Indian Institute of Science. He is a recipien ...

, mechanical engineer (1967–present CE) * Rajesh Gopakumar, theoretical physicist (1967–present CE) * Shubha Tole, neuroscientist (1967–present CE) *

Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay (born 1968) is an Indian scientist specializing in computational biology. A professor at the Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, she is a Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize winner in Engineering Science for 2010, IInfosy ...

, computational biologist (1968–present CE) *

Ramesh Raskar Ramesh Raskar is a Massachusetts Institute of Technology associate professor and head of the MIT Media Lab's Camera Culture research group. Previously he worked as a senior research scientist at Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) ...

, computer scientist (1970–present CE) *

Hari Balakrishnan Hari Balakrishnan is the Fujitsu Professor of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at MIT, and the Co-founder and CTO at Cambridge Mobile Telematics. Early life and care ...

, computer scientist (1971–present CE) * G. Naresh Patwari, chemist (1972–present CE) *

Shiraz Minwalla Shiraz Naval Minwalla (born 2 January 1972) is an Indian theoretical physics, theoretical physicist and string theory, string theorist. He is a faculty member in the Department of Theoretical Physics at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, M ...

, theoretical physicist (1972–present CE) * Subramanian Anantha Ramakrishna, optical and condensed matter physicist (1972–present CE) * Aloke Paul, chemical engineer (1973–present CE) * Ambarish Ghosh, materials scientist (1973–present CE) *

Kewal Krishan Kewal Krishan (10 October 1923 – 30 June 2008) was a medical practitioner and politician in Punjab, India. He was the Speaker of the Punjab Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) from 2002 to 2007. He was first elected as an Indian National Con ...

, forensic anthropologist (1973–present CE) *

Rajeev Kumar Varshney Rajeev Kumar Varshney (born 13 July 1973) is an Indian agricultural scientist who focuses on bioinformatics, biotechnology, climate change, computational biology, and genomics. He is a professor at Murdoch University, where he is also associat ...

, agronomist and geneticist (1973–present CE) *

Manjul Bhargava Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds A ...

, mathematician (1974–present CE) * Yamuna Krishnan, organic chemist (1974–present CE) *

Ritu Karidhal Ritu Karidhal Srivastava is an Indian scientist and aerospace engineer working in the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). She was a Deputy Operations Director to India's Mars orbital mission, Mangalyaan. Giving tribute to her excellence ...

, aerospace engineer (1975–present CE) * Nishith Gupta, molecular biologist (1977–present CE) * Pragya D. Yadav, virologist (1978–present CE) * Akhilesh K. Gaharwar, biomedical engineer (1982–present CE) *

Pranav Mistry Pranav Mistry (born 14 May 1981) is an Indian computer scientist and inventor. He is the former President and CEO of STAR Labs (Samsung Technology & Advanced Research Labs). He is currently the founder and CEO of TWO, an Artificial Reality star ...

, computer scientist, invented Samsung's SixthSense (1984–present CE) *

Tathagat Avatar Tulsi Tathagat Avatar Tulsi (born 9 September 1987) is an Indian physicist who is best known as a child prodigy. He completed high school at the age of 9 years, earned a BSc degree at the age of 11 years, and a MSc degree at the age of 12 years from ...

, physicist (1987–present CE) * Praveen Kumar Gorakavi, polymath (1989–present CE) * Alex James, computer scientist (unknown) * Bola Vithal Shetty, chemist (unknown) * Dipan Ghosh, theoretical physicist (unknown) *

Gursaran Talwar Gursaran Prasad ("Pran") Talwar (born 2 October 1926) is an Indian medical researcher who is known for developing vaccines and immunocontraceptions. His discovery of a unique strain of bacterium, eponymously named '' Mycobacterium indicus pranii ...

, physician (unknown) *

Kavita Shah Kavita Shah is a vocalist and composer from New York, NY. She has been hailed by NPR for possessing an “amazing dexterity with musical languages”. Early years Shah's family is of Gujarati origin, and her parents are originally from Mumb ...

, biotechnologist (unknown) * K. N. Ganeshaiah, agronomist (unknown) * Anita Mahadevan-Jansen, biomedical engineer (unknown) * Mirza Faizan, aerospace scientist (unknown) * Maneesha S. Inamdar, biologist (unknown) * Nandini Harinath, aerospace engineer (unknown) *

Padmanabhan Balaram Padmanabhan Balaram is an Indian biochemist and a former director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore, India. He is a recipient of the third highest Indian civilian honour of Padma Bhushan (2014) as well as the TWAS Prize (1994). He ...

, biochemist (unknown) * Rashna Bhandari, biologist (unknown) * Rama Govindarajan, fluid dynamicist (unknown) * Rohini Balakrishnan, bioacousticist (unknown) *

Seema Bhatnagar Seema Bhatnagar (born: Seema Srivastava) is an Indian scientist, working in the field of anticancer drug discovery. She primarily works on synthetic chemistry approaches for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs in breast cancer. Education S ...

, synthetic chemist (unknown) * Shoba Sivasankar, geneticist (unknown) * Siva S. Banda, aerospace engineer (unknown) * Sivaram Murthy, computer scientist (unknown) *

Subhash Kak Subhash Kak is an Indian-American computer scientist and historical revisionist. He is the Regents Professor of Computer Science Department at Oklahoma State University–Stillwater, an honorary visiting professor of engineering at Jawaharla ...

, computer scientist (unknown) *

Subrata Roy Subrata Roy (10 June 1948 – 14 November 2023) was an Indian businessman who founded the business conglomerate Sahara India Pariwar in 1978. Sahara India Pariwar operated a vast number of businesses, such as Aamby Valley City, Sahara Movi ...

, fluid dynamicist (unknown) *

Somak Raychaudhury Somak Raychaudhury () is an Indian astrophysicist. He is the Vice-Chancellor at Ashoka University and was the Director of the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune. He is on leave from Presidency University, Ko ...

, astrophysicist (unknown) * Ashish Vaswani, Computer scientist (1986–present CE) * Sudhir Kumar Vempati, high-energy physicist (unknown) *

Suchitra Sebastian Suchitra Sebastian is a condensed matter physicist at Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge. She is known for her discoveries of exotic quantum phenomena that emerge in complex materials. In particular, she is known for the discovery of ...

, condensed matter physicist (unknown) *

Ujjwal Maulik Ujjwal Maulik is an Indian computer scientist and educator. He is a professor and former head of the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. He has worked in many countries including ...

, computer scientist (1965–present CE) * Uma Ramakrishnan, molecular ecologist (unknown) *

Umesh Waghmare Umesh Waghmare is an Indian physicist, and presently a Professor in the Theoretical Sciences Unit at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. Research in his Materials Theory Group is fundamentally based on computer simulation ...

, physicist (unknown) * R.K. Kotnala, scientist (1982–present CE)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian scientists *