Coccosteina is an

extinct Extinction is the termination of an organism by the death of its Endling, last member. A taxon may become Functional extinction, functionally extinct before the death of its last member if it loses the capacity to Reproduction, reproduce and ...

infraorder Order () is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between Family_(biology), family and Class_(biology), class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classific ...

placoderm Placoderms (from Ancient Greek πλάξ 'plax'', ''plakos'''Plate (animal anatomy), plate' and δέρμα 'derma'''skin') are vertebrate animals of the class (biology), class Placodermi, an extinct group of prehistoric fish known from Pal ...

s, armored fish most diverse during the

Devonian The Devonian ( ) is a period (geology), geologic period and system (stratigraphy), system of the Paleozoic era (geology), era during the Phanerozoic eon (geology), eon, spanning 60.3 million years from the end of the preceding Silurian per ...

.Heintz., Anatol, 1932, The structure of ''Dinichthys'', a contribution to your knowledge of the Arthrodira: In:
The Bashford Dean Memorial Volume Archaic Fishes
'', edited by Gudger, E. W., article IV, The American Museum of Natural History, 224pp. However, the term is no longer in use, as modern

cladistic Cladistics ( ; from Ancient Greek 'branch') is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The evidence for hypothesized relationships is ...

al methods have produced alternative

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ...

trees of

Brachythoraci Brachythoraci is an extinct suborder of arthrodire placoderms, armored fish most diverse during the Devonian. Phylogeny Arthrodira is divided into three main groups: the paraphyletic Actinolepida and Phlyctaenii, and then the monophyletic Brac ...

with new subdivisions.

Systematics

* Basal

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

'' Maideria'' * Basal genus ''

Xiangshuiosteus ''Xiangshuiosteus wui'' is an extinct monospecific genus of brachythoracid arthrodire placoderm from the Late Emsian stage of the Early Devonian epoch, discovered in Wuding County of Yunnan province, China. It has recently been reassessed as a ...

'' *

Superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

Buchanosteoidea **

Family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Buchanosteidae Buchanosteidae is a family of arthrodire placoderms that lived from the Early to Middle Devonian.White, E. I. (1952). Australian arthrodires. ''Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Geology)'' 1: 249–304. Fossils appear in various s ...

* Superfamily Gemuendenaspoidea ** Family Gemuendenaspidae * Superfamily Homosteoidea ** Family

Homostiidae Homostiidae (alternatively spelled Homosteidae) is a family (biology), family of flattened arthrodire placoderms from the Early Devonian, Early to Middle Devonian. Fossils appear in various strata in Europe, Russia, Morocco, Australia, Canada and ...

* Superfamily Brachydeiroidea ** Family Brachydeiridae ** Family Leptosteidae * Superfamily

Coccosteoidea Coccosteoidea is an extinct superfamily of arthrodire placoderms that lived during the Devonian period. Phylogeny Eubrachythoraci is divided into the sister clades Pachyosteomorphi and Coccosteomorphi, the latter of which can be further sub-d ...

** Family Pholidosteidae ** Family

Coccosteidae Coccosteidae is a family (biology), family of arthrodire placoderms from the Early to Late Devonian. Fossils appear in various strata in Europe, North America and China. Phylogeny Coccosteidae belongs to the larger clade Coccosteomorphi, which ...

** Family Plourdosteidae ** Family Torosteidae ** Family Incisoscutidae ** Family Camuropiscidae * Superfamily Dinichthyloidea ** Family Hadrosteidae ** Family

Dinichthyidae ''Dinichthys'' (from , 'terrible' and 'fish') is an extinct monospecific genus of large marine arthrodire placoderm from the Late Devonian (Famennian stage) measuring around long. Fossils were recovered from the Ohio Shale Formation along ...

** Family Trematosteidae ** Family Rhachiosteidae ** Family Titanichthyidae ** Family

Bungartiidae ''Bungartius'' is an extinct genus of arthrodire ("joint-necked") fish from the Late Devonian period of Ohio. It is the sole member of the family Bungartiidae, related to the giant ''Titanichthys''. The first specimen of ''Bungartius'' was recov ...

** Family

Selenosteidae Selenosteidae is an extinct family of small to large-sized arthrodire placoderms from the Late Devonian. With the exception of the Chinese '' Phymosteus'', selenosteids lived in shallow seas in what is now Eastern North America (the Cleveland S ...

** Family Mylostomatidae

References

Arthrodires Vertebrate infraorders {{Placoderm-stub