The 2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade was a

military parade A military parade is a formation of military personnels whose movement is restricted by close-order manoeuvering known as Drill team, drilling or marching. Large military parades are today held on major holidays and military events around the ...

that took place in

Moscow Moscow is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Russia by population, largest city of Russia, standing on the Moskva (river), Moskva River in Central Russia. It has a population estimated at over 13 million residents with ...

Red Square Red Square ( rus, Красная площадь, Krasnaya ploshchad', p=ˈkrasnəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ) is one of the oldest and largest town square, squares in Moscow, Russia. It is located in Moscow's historic centre, along the eastern walls of ...

on 24 June 2020 to commemorate the 75th

Diamond Jubilee A diamond jubilee celebrates the 60th anniversary of a significant event related to a person (e.g. accession to the throne or wedding, among others) or the 60th anniversary of an institution's founding. The term is also used for 75th annivers ...

of both the capitulation of

Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...

in the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

in 1945 and the historic

Moscow Victory Parade of 1945 The 1945 Moscow Victory Parade (), also known as the Parade of Victors (), was a victory parade held by the Soviet Armed Forces (with the Color Guard Company representing the First Polish Army) after the defeat of Nazi Germany. This, the longest ...

. For the first time since the collapse of the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

and the resumption of military parades in 1995, this is the first parade to be cancelled on a holiday itself. Originally scheduled to take place on May 9, the

Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin (fortification), Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Mosco ...

decided to postpone the parade to a later date amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the country. Close to 3.6 million Muscovites watched the live broadcast of the parade.

Events

Russian President

Vladimir Putin Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (born 7 October 1952) is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who has served as President of Russia since 2012, having previously served from 2000 to 2008. Putin also served as Prime Minister of Ru ...

delivered his seventeenth holiday address to the nation after the parade inspection presided over by Minister of Defense General of the Army

Sergey Shoygu Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu; , . (born 21 May 1955) is a Russian politician and military officer who has served as Secretary of the Security Council of Russia, secretary of the Security Council of Russia, Security Council since 2024. He served ...

, accompanied by the parade commander General of the Army

Oleg Salyukov Oleg Leonidovich Salyukov (; born 21 May 1955) is a Russian general of the army who has been a deputy secretary of the Security Council of Russia since 2025. Before that he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Ground Forces from 2014 to 20 ...

, Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces, who will be in the parade for the seventh consecutive year. The ceremonies honoured the 1945 parade, with the bands playing the

Jubilee Slow March "25 Years of the Red Army" The Jubilee Slow March "25 Years of the RKKA" (), was a Soviet inspection march composed by Semyon Tchernetsky in 1943. Gramophone record n. 265 from the repository of the indicates that the march was dedicated to the last Generalissimo of the Imp ...

at the outset of the inspection stage. Every year, for several days of Victory Day celebrations, a dress rehearsal of the Parade is held in the Armed Forces' Alabino Training Range in Moscow Oblast, which exactly repeats the holiday program itself. On this day, huge columns of military personnel, cadets and representatives of law enforcement agencies, legendary and modern military equipment take to the streets, and dozens of modern planes and helicopters appear in the skies above the federal capital. All actions of rehearsal participants are usually so coordinated that what is happening is called a mini-parade. For the first time, 20 samples of the latest armoured and aviation equipment, including the Kurganets-25 infantry fighting vehicles and the latest S-300V4 and S-350 air defense systems, took part in the parade which involved 1,250 bandsmen, an estimated 16,000 personnel in the ground column, 4,500 in the mobile column of around 250 plus vehicles (including historical vehicles from the Second World War), and 600 aircraft crew personnel of the 80-strong flypast.

Foreign troops

In addition to troops from the

Russian Armed Forces The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, commonly referred to as the Russian Armed Forces, are the military of Russia. They are organized into three service branches—the Russian Ground Forces, Ground Forces, Russian Navy, Navy, and Russi ...

, contingents from 20 foreign countries were also planned be on parade, groups from the

Commonwealth of Independent States The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional organization, regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia. It was formed following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. It covers an ar ...

(CIS), as well as contingents from

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

, the

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

and

Mongolia Mongolia is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south and southeast. It covers an area of , with a population of 3.5 million, making it the world's List of countries and dependencies by po ...

, returning after a 5 to 10-year hiatus. Parade groups from

Belarus Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Belarus spans an a ...

Egypt Egypt ( , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country spanning the Northeast Africa, northeast corner of Africa and Western Asia, southwest corner of Asia via the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to northe ...

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

, and

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI) and also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Iraq to the west, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Armenia to the northwest, the Caspian Sea to the north, Turkmenistan to the nort ...

were planned to be invited. Many of these plans however were scratched in light of the

COVID-19 pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic (also known as the coronavirus pandemic and COVID pandemic), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), began with an disease outbreak, outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in December ...

. The original contingent from Kyrgyzstan was supposed to be provided by the Honour Guard of the

National Guard of Kyrgyzstan The National Guard of Kyrgyzstan () is the National Guard of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. The national guard was founded on 9 December 1991, by order of President Askar Akayev. The troops took their first oath 20 July 1992. It ...

. However, this was scrapped after it became known that one of its members had become infected with the coronavirus. A contingent from the General Staff represented the country in their place. Days before the parade, it was reported that multiple members of the Belarusian contingent had become ill with the coronavirus. The Turkmen contingent consisted of two color guards (one carrying the

Flag of Turkmenistan The national flag of Turkmenistan () features a white crescent and five stars representing the five regions of the country and the Five Pillars of Islam. Placed upon a green field is a symbolic representation of the country's famous carpet indus ...

and the other carrying the combat flag of the 748th Infantry Regiment of the

206th Rifle Division The 206th Rifle Division was twice formed as an infantry division of the Red Army, first as part of the prewar buildup of forces. Its first formation in March 1941 was based on the last prewar ''shtat'' (table of organization and equipment) for rif ...

) riding in two GAZ-M20 ''Pobeda'' cars brought in from the Turkmen capital. After their appearance, the contingent were quarantined at a hospital in Turkmenabad. Other Red Army banners that were carried by foreign contingents included the banners of the 89th Rifle Division, the

8th Guards Motor Rifle Division The 8th Guards Motor Rifle Panfilov Division (; ) originally the 316th Rifle Division, is a motorized infantry division of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic. Formed as a Soviet Red Army division during World War II, it was dissolved in 20 ...

, the Zheleznyak Partisan Detachment, and three units who participated in the

Minsk Offensive The Minsk offensive () was part of the second phase of the Belorussian strategic offensive of the Red Army in summer 1944, commonly known as Operation Bagration. The Red Army encircled the German 4th Army (Wehrmacht), Fourth Army in the city of ...

Invited attendees

Summary

The first official invitations came during the

2019 G20 Osaka summit The 2019 G20 Osaka summit was the List of G20 summits, fourteenth meeting of the G20, held at the Intex Osaka, International Exhibition Center in Osaka. It was the first G20 summit hosted by Japan. Participating leaders File:Retrato oficial ...

, with invitations going to US President

Donald Trump Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who is the 47th president of the United States. A member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, he served as the 45 ...

, French president

Emmanuel Macron Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron (; born 21 December 1977) is a French politician who has served as President of France and Co-Prince of Andorra since 2017. He was Ministry of Economy and Finance (France), Minister of Economics, Industr ...

, German chancellor

Angela Merkel Angela Dorothea Merkel (; ; born 17 July 1954) is a German retired politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. She is the only woman to have held the office. She was Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and Leade ...

and Chinese leader

Xi Jinping Xi Jinping, pronounced (born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician who has been the general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (China), chairman of the Central Military Commission ...

. The invitation to President Trump was reiterated in a phone call with Putin later that year. However, President Trump would later decline the invitation in a diplomatic cable to Moscow, sending

National Security Advisor (United States) The assistant to the president for national security affairs (APNSA), commonly referred to as the national security advisor (NSA),The National Security Advisor and Staff: p. 1. is a senior aide in the Executive Office of the President, based at t ...

Robert O'Brien, to attend on his behalf.) In December 2019, an official invitation was sent to President

Recep Tayyip Erdogan Recep is a Turkish name deriving from the Arabic name Rajab. It may refer to: People Surname * Aziz Recep (born 1992), German-Greek footballer * Sibel Recep (born 1987), Swedish pop singer Given name * Recep Adanır (1929–2017), Turkish fo ...

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

by the Russian Embassy in

Ankara Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and List of national capitals by area, the largest capital by area in the world. Located in the Central Anatolia Region, central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5,290,822 in its urban center ( ...

. President Putin has also at various times invited multiple heads of state from the CIS and the

CSTO The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO, ) is an intergovernmental military alliance in Eurasia consisting of six post-Soviet states: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan. The Collective Security Treaty ha ...

. In January 2020, former Polish President

Lech Walesa Lech is an English word referring to lecherous Lascivious behavior is sexual behavior or conduct that is considered crude and offensive, or contrary to local moral or other standards of appropriate behavior. In this sense, "lascivious" is similar ...

expressed a willingness to come to Moscow for the parade if he received an invitation. In an interview with an Estonian news agency, Estonian Defence Minister

Jüri Luik Jüri Luik (born 17 August 1966) is an Estonian diplomat and politician. He has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs and Minister of Defence, and he has acted as Estonia's ambassador to Benelux, NATO, North America, and Russia. Early life Jür ...

alluded to the parade by saying that he would not recommend that President

Kersti Kaljulaid Kersti Kaljulaid (; born 30 December 1969) is an Estonia, Estonian politician who served as the fifth president of Estonia between 2016 and 2021, and was its first and only female head of state since the country declared independence in 1918. S ...

visit on such an occasion. United Nations General Assembly President

Tijjani Muhammad-Bande Tijjani Muhammad-Bande (born 7 December 1957) is a Nigerian diplomat, academic and political scientist who was the president of the United Nations General Assembly 74th session from 17 September 2019 to 15 September 2020. He previously served ...

said in an interview to ''

Sputnik Sputnik 1 (, , ''Satellite 1''), sometimes referred to as simply Sputnik, was the first artificial Earth satellite. It was launched into an elliptical low Earth orbit by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957 as part of the Soviet space progra ...

'' that he would be "honored" to attend the parade if invited. In early June 2020, despite having accepted the invitation earlier this year,

Prime Minister of Japan The is the head of government of Japan. The prime minister chairs the Cabinet of Japan and has the ability to select and dismiss its ministers of state. The prime minister also serves as the commander-in-chief of the Japan Self-Defense Force ...

Shinzo Abe Shinzo Abe (21 September 1954 – 8 July 2022) was a Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan and President of the Liberal Democratic Party (Liberal Democratic Party (Japan), LDP) from 2006 to 2007 and again from 2012 to 2020. ...

announced that he will skip the parade due to the

46th G7 summit The 46th G7 summit of the leaders of the Group of Seven was originally scheduled for June 10–12, 2020, at Camp David, United States. However, the summit was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Planned venue Attempt to hold summit at Trump ...

(which was itself rescheduled). As of 14 June 2020, a total of 31 foreign heads of state and government, along with 4 multilateral leaders, had accepted the invitation to this year's parade. However, following the rescheduling of the event to 24 June 2020, more than two-thirds of the leaders had withdrawn their invitation (mostly due to scheduling conflicts and

restrictions). The

Foreign Minister of Russia The minister of foreign affairs of the Russian Federation is a high-ranking Russian government official who heads the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia), ministry of foreign affairs of the Russian Federation. The foreign minister is one of th ...

Sergei Lavrov Sergey Viktorovich Lavrov (, ; born 21 March 1950) is a Russian diplomat who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2004. He is the longest-serving Russian foreign minister since Andrei Gromyko during the Soviet Union. Lavrov was b ...

said that 12 heads of state had confirmed their attendance to the rescheduled event.

Guest list

Original composition

Over 30 guests accepted the invitation to the 2020 parade. However, most of them had done this before the postponement (abide to the original 9 May schedule). The following names indicate leaders either who did not reconfirm their attendance to the rescheduled 24 June parade or leaders who reconfirmed but decided to cancel their attendance the week prior to the parade: *

Prime Minister of Armenia The prime minister of Armenia () is the head of government and most senior minister within the Government of Armenia, Armenian government, and is required by the constitution to "determine the main directions of policy of the Government, manage ...

Nikol Pashinyan Nikol Vovayi Pashinyan (born 1 June 1975) is an Armenian politician who is serving as the 16th and current Prime Minister of Armenia, prime minister of Armenia since 8 May 2018. A journalist by profession, Pashinyan founded his own newspaper in ...

(cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions) *

President of Austria The president of Austria () is the head of state of the Austria, Republic of Austria. The office of the president was established in 1920 by the Constituent National Assembly (Austria), Constituent National Assembly of the First Austrian Repu ...

Alexander Van der Bellen Alexander "Sascha" Van der Bellen (; born 18 January 1944), also referred to by the abbreviation VdB, is an Austrian politician serving as the president of Austria since 2017. He previously served as a professor of economics at the University ...

President of Azerbaijan The president of the Republic of Azerbaijan is the head of state of the Azerbaijan, Republic of Azerbaijan. The Constitution of Azerbaijan, Constitution states that the president is the embodiment of Executive (government), executive power, co ...

Ilham Aliyev Ilham Heydar Oghlu Aliyev (born 24 December 1961) is an Azerbaijani politician who has been the fourth president of Azerbaijan since 2003. He is also the leader of the New Azerbaijan Party since 2005. The son and second child of former Aze ...

(cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions) *

President of Bulgaria The president of the Republic of Bulgaria (, romanised: ''Prezident na Republika Bŭlgariya'') is the head of state of Bulgaria and the commander-in-chief of the Bulgarian Army. The official residence of the president is at Boyana Residence, S ...

Rumen Radev Rumen Georgiev Radev (, born 18 June 1963) is a Bulgarian politician and former major general who has been the President of Bulgaria since 2017. Radev previously served as higher commander of the Bulgarian Air Force. He won the 2016 Bulgarian p ...

President of Croatia The president of Croatia, officially the president of the Republic of Croatia (), is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the military and chief representative of the Republic of Croatia both within the country and abroad. The president ...

Zoran Milanović Zoran Milanović (; born 30 October 1966) is a Croatia, Croatian politician and the incumbent president of Croatia. First elected in 2020, he was re-elected in 2025 with 74% voter support. Prior to assuming the presidency, he was the prime min ...

(cancelled due to issues with plane) *

President of Cuba The president of Cuba (), officially the president of the Republic of Cuba (), is the head of state of Cuba. The office in its current form was established under the Constitution of 2019. The President is the second-highest office in Cuba and ...

Miguel Diaz-Canel --> Miguel is a given name and surname, the Portuguese and Spanish form of the Hebrew name Michael. It may refer to: Places * Pedro Miguel, a parish in the municipality of Horta and the island of Faial in the Azores Islands * São Miguel (disam ...

President of the Czech Republic The president of the Czech Republic, constitutionally defined as the President of the Republic (), is the head of state of the Czech Republic and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic. The presidency has largely bee ...

Miloš Zeman Miloš Zeman (; born 28 September 1944) is a Czech politician who served as the third president of the Czech Republic from 2013 to 2023. He also previously served as the prime minister of the Czech Republic from 1998 to 2002. As leader of the Cze ...

(cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions) *

President of Egypt The president of the Arab Republic of Egypt () is the executive head of state of Egypt and the de facto appointer of the official head of government under the Egyptian Constitution of 2014. Under the various iterations of the History of the Egypt ...

Abdel Fattah el-Sisi Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil El-Sisi (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has been serving as the sixth and current president of Egypt since 2014. After the 2011 Egyptian revolution and 201 ...

President of France The president of France, officially the president of the French Republic (), is the executive head of state of France, and the commander-in-chief of the French Armed Forces. As the presidency is the supreme magistracy of the country, the po ...

Prime Minister of India The prime minister of India (ISO 15919, ISO: ) is the head of government of the Republic of India. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen Union Council of Ministers, Council of Ministers, despite the president of ...

Narendra Modi Narendra Damodardas Modi (born 17 September 1950) is an Indian politician who has served as the Prime Minister of India, prime minister of India since 2014. Modi was the chief minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the Member of Par ...

Prime Minister of Israel The prime minister of Israel (, Hebrew abbreviations, Hebrew abbreviation: ; , ''Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma'') is the head of government and chief executive of the Israel, State of Israel. Israel is a parliamentary republic with a President of Isra ...

Benjamin Netanyahu Benjamin Netanyahu (born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician who has served as the prime minister of Israel since 2022, having previously held the office from 1996 to 1999 and from 2009 to 2021. Netanyahu is the longest-serving prime min ...

and Alternate Prime Minister

Benny Gantz Benjamin Gantz ( ; born 9 June 1959) is an Israeli politician and retired army general. He served as a Minister without portfolio#Israel, minister without portfolio from 2023 to 2024, as the Ministry of Defense (Israel), minister of defense bet ...

(cancelled due to the political situation in Israel) *

Prime Minister of Italy The prime minister of Italy, officially the president of the Council of Ministers (), is the head of government of the Italy, Italian Republic. The office of president of the Council of Ministers is established by articles 92–96 of the Co ...

Giuseppe Conte Giuseppe Conte (; born 8 August 1964) is an Italian jurist, academic, and politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy, prime minister of Italy from June 2018 to February 2021. He has been the president of the Five Star Movement (M5S) sin ...

(cancelled due to the

, and then COVID-19 restrictions) *

Grand Duke of Luxembourg The Grand Duke of Luxembourg is the head of state of Luxembourg. Luxembourg has been a grand duchy since 15 March 1815, when it was created from territory of the former Duchy of Luxembourg. It was in personal union with the United Kingdom of ...

Henri Henri is the French form of the masculine given name Henry, also in Estonian, Finnish, German and Luxembourgish. Bearers of the given name include: People French nobles * Henri I de Montmorency (1534–1614), Marshal and Constable of France * H ...

President of Mongolia The president of Mongolia is the executive head of state of Mongolia.Montsame NW Agency. ''Mongolina''. 2006, , p. 42 The current president is Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh. Political parties with representation in the State Great Khural nominate ...

Khaltmaagiin Battulga Khaltmaagiin Battulga ( ), also referred to as Battulga Khaltmaa (; born 3 March 1963), is a Mongolian politician and sambo wrestler who served as the 5th President of Mongolia from 2017 to 2021. He served as Member of the State Great Khural fr ...

(cancelled due to the

2020 Mongolian legislative election Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 24 June 2020. The result was a victory for the ruling Mongolian People's Party, which won 62 of the 76 seats, a slight decrease from the 65 it won in the 2016 elections. Electoral system The 76 me ...

, which was held on the same day) *

President of North Macedonia The president of the Republic of North Macedonia (; )In Macedonian, the feminine form of the position is ''Претседателка на Република Северна Македонија'', while in Albanian it is ''Presidentја е Rep ...

Stevo Pendarovski Stevo Pendarovski (, ; born 3 April 1963) is a Macedonian politician who served as the President of North Macedonia from 2019 to 2024. Early life and education Stevo Pendarovski was born on 3 April 1963 in Skopje. His family originates from Gal ...

President of Palestine The president of the State of Palestine () is the head of state of Palestine. Yasser Arafat became the first titular president of the State of Palestine in 1989, one year after the Palestinian Declaration of Independence. The title was origina ...

Mahmood Abbas Mahmoud Abbas (; born 15 November 1935), also known by the kunya Abu Mazen (, ), is a Palestinian politician who has been serving as the second president of Palestine and the Palestinian National Authority ( PNA) since 2005. He has also bee ...

(cancelled due to political situation in the

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

) *

President of Turkey The president of Turkey, officially the president of the Republic of Türkiye (), is the head of state and head of government of Turkey. The president directs the executive branch of the national government and is the commander-in-chief of the ...

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Jus ...

President of Turkmenistan The president of Turkmenistan (), officially the president and chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan, is the head of state and head of government of Turkmenistan. The president is also the supreme commander in chief of the Armed ...

Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow (born 29 June 1957) is a Turkmen politician and former dentist who is currently the chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan. He previously served as the second president of Turkmenistan from ...

(cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions he would have to take in relation to his 63rd birthday five days after the parade) *

National Security Advisor of the United States The assistant to the president for national security affairs (APNSA), commonly referred to as the national security advisor (NSA),The National Security Advisor and Staff: p. 1. is a senior aide in the Executive Office of the President, based at ...

Robert C. O'Brien Robert Charles O'Brien Jr. (born June 18, 1966) is an American attorney who was the twenty-seventh United States national security advisor from 2019 to 2021. He was the fourth and final person to hold the position during the first presidency of ...

President of Venezuela The president of Venezuela (), officially known as the president of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (), is the executive head of state and head of government of Venezuela. The president leads the National Executive of the Venezuelan go ...

Nicolas Maduro Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to: People Given name * Nicolas (given name) Mononym * Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer * Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer Surname Nicolas * Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–1774), ...

President of Vietnam The president of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam () is the head of state of Vietnam, elected by the National Assembly of Vietnam from its delegates. Since Vietnam is a one-party state, candidates for the post are nominated by the Central Commit ...

Nguyễn Phú Trọng Nguyễn Phú Trọng ( ; 14 April 194419 July 2024) was a Vietnamese politician and political theorist who served as general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam from 2011 until his death in 2024. As the head of the party's Secretaria ...

(cancelled due to COVID-19 restrictions) Among those who were also invited were

United States Secretary of Defense The United States secretary of defense (acronym: SecDef) is the head of the United States Department of Defense (DoD), the United States federal executive departments, executive department of the United States Armed Forces, U.S. Armed Forces, a ...

Mark Esper Mark Thomas Esper (born April 26, 1964) is an American politician and manufacturing/high-tech executive who served as the 27th United States secretary of defense from 2019 to 2020. A member of the Republican Party, he had previously served as ...

Final list

The following is a list of leaders who confirmed their attendance to the 24 June parade. The guest list includes 10

heads of state A head of state is the public persona of a sovereign state.#Foakes, Foakes, pp. 110–11 "

he head of state He or HE may refer to: Language * He (letter), the fifth letter of the Semitic abjads * He (pronoun), a pronoun in Modern English * He (kana), one of the Japanese kana (へ in hiragana and ヘ in katakana) * Ge (Cyrillic), a Cyrillic letter cal ...

being an embodiment of the State itself or representative of its international persona." The name given to the office of head of sta ...

and government of different

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

an and

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

n nations, among other heads of international organizations. Many foreign leaders who could not attend the 24 June parade sent their defense or foreign ministers as well as ambassadors to the parade in their place: *

President of Abkhazia The president of Abkhazia is the '' de facto'' head of state and head of government of the partially recognized Republic of Abkhazia, that is ''de jure'' part of Georgia. The position was created in 1994. Before the office of president was cr ...

Aslan Bzhania Aslan Georgievich Bzhania (; ka, ასლან გიორგის-ძე ბჟანია, tr; ; born 6 April 1964) is an Abkhaz politician who served as the fifth president of Abkhazia from 23 April 2020 until his resignation on 19 Nove ...

* Chief of Staff of the Algerian People's National Army Major General

Saïd Chengriha Saïd Chengriha (; born 1 August 1945) is a senior official in the Algerian People's National Army. He was the commander of the ground forces in September 2018 and was named acting chief of staff after the death of Ahmed Gaid Salah on 23 December ...

* Minister of Defence of Armenia

David Tonoyan David Edgari Tonoyan (Armenian:Դավիթ Էդգարի Տոնոյան; born 27 December 1967) is an Armenian political figure and former Defence Minister of Armenia, in office from 2018 to 2020. Biography Early life and career David Tonoya ...

* Minister of Defence of Azerbaijan Colonel General

Zakir Hasanov Zakir Asger oghlu Hasanov (; born 6 June 1959) is an Azerbaijani politician and colonel general who has been the Ministry of Defence (Azerbaijan), Minister of Defence of Azerbaijan since 2013. Early life and education He was born on 6 June 1959 ...

President of Belarus The president of the Republic of Belarus is the head of state of Belarus. The office was created in 1994 with the passing of the Constitution of Belarus by the Supreme Council of Belarus, Supreme Council. This replaced the office of Supreme_Counc ...

Aleksander Lukashenko * Serb Member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Milorad Dodik Milorad Dodik ( sr-Cyrl, Милорад Додик, ; born 12 March 1959) is a Bosnian Serb politician currently serving as the 8th president of Republika Srpska since 2022, a position he previously held from 2010 to 2018. He also served as ...

Minister of National Defense of the People's Republic of China The minister of national defense of the People's Republic of China is the head of the Ministry of National Defense (China), Ministry of National Defense and one of the top positions in the State Council of the People's Republic of China, State C ...

General

Wei Fenghe Wei Fenghe (; born February 1954) is a retired general ('' shang jiang'') in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) who served as commander of the PLA Rocket Force, formerly known as the Second Artillery Corps. From 2018 to 2023, he was the Ministe ...

* Czech Ambassador Vítězslav Pivoňka * Ambassador of

Ihab Nasr * French Ambassador Pierre Lévy * German Ambassador Géza Andreas von Geyr * Foreign Minister of Hungary

Péter Szijjártó Péter Szijjártó (; born 30 October 1978) is a Hungarian politician who has been Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Hungary), Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade since 2014. He previously served as Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade and ...

* Minister of Defence of India

Rajnath Singh Rajnath Singh (; born 10 July 1951) is an Indian politician and lecturer who is serving the Defence Minister of India since 20 May 2019. He was also the Deputy Leader of the House, Lok Sabha since 2014. He also served the Home Minister in th ...

* Minister of Defence of Indonesia Lieutenant General

Prabowo Subianto Prabowo Subianto Djojohadikusumo (born 17 October 1951) is an Indonesian politician, businessman, and former four-star Indonesian Army, army general who is serving as the eighth and current president of Indonesia since 2024. He was previously t ...

President of Kazakhstan The president of Kazakhstan, officially the president of the Republic of Kazakhstan is the executive head of state of the Kazakhstan and the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan. As the highest-ranking official ...

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev Kassym-Jomart Kemeluly Tokayev (born 17 May 1953) is a Kazakhstani politician and diplomat who has served as the second president of Kazakhstan since 2019. He previously served as Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, Prime Minister from 1999 to 2002 ...

President of Kyrgyzstan The president of Kyrgyzstan, officially the president of the Kyrgyz Republic, is the head of state and head of government of the Kyrgyzstan, Kyrgyz Republic. The president directs the executive branch of the Government of Kyrgyzstan, national g ...

Sooronbay Jeenbekov Sooronbay Sharip uulu Jeenbekov (born 16 November 1958) is a Kyrgyzstani politician who served as the fifth president of Kyrgyzstan from 2017 until his resignation in 2020, following a week of protests. Prior to that he served as the Prime Minist ...

President of Moldova The president of the Republic of Moldova () is the head of state of Moldova. The current president is Maia Sandu, who assumed office on 24 December 2020. Duties and functions The president "represents the State" and is "…the guarantor of n ...

Igor Dodon Igor Dodon (; born 18 February 1975) is a Moldovan politician who served as the 5th president of Moldova from 2016 to 2020. He currently serves as the leader of the Party of Socialists of the Republic of Moldova since 2024. He served as Ministry ...

* Commander-in-Chief of the

Myanmar Armed Forces The Tatmadaw, also known as the Sit-Tat, is the armed forces of Myanmar (formerly Burma). It is administered by the Ministry of Defence and composed of the Myanmar Army, the Myanmar Navy and the Myanmar Air Force. Auxiliary services includ ...

Senior General Colonel general is a military rank used in some armies. It is particularly associated with Germany, where historically general officer ranks were one grade lower than in the Commonwealth and the United States, and was a rank above full , but be ...

Min Aung Hlaing Min Aung Hlaing (born 3 July 1956) is a Burmese army general who has ruled Myanmar as the chairman of the State Administration Council, chairman of the State Administration Council (SAC) since seizing power in the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, Fe ...

President of Serbia The president of Serbia (), officially styled as President of the Republic (), is the head of state of Serbia. The current officeholder is Aleksandar Vučić, who was elected in 2017 and has held the role since 31 May 2017. According to the C ...

Aleksandar Vučić Aleksandar Vučić, (born 5 March 1970) is a Serbian politician serving as President of Serbia since 2017. A founding member of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), he previously served as President of the SNS from 2012 to 2023, Deputy Prim ...

President of South Ossetia The president of the Republic of South Ossetia (, ) is the ''de facto'' head of state of the International recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, partially recognized South Ossetia, Republic of South Ossetia that is ''de jure'' part of Geor ...

Anatoly Bibilov Anatoly Ilyich Bibilov (; , ; born 6 February 1970) is a South Ossetian military officer, was the fourth president of South Ossetia. He succeeded Leonid Tibilov as president on 21 April 2017 to 24 May 2022, following his election victory, but ...

President of Tajikistan The president of Tajikistan is the head of state of the Republic of Tajikistan. The president heads the executive branch of the country's government and is the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Tajikistan. History of the presidency ...

Emomali Rahmon Emomali Rahmon ( ; born 5 October 1952), born Emomali Sharipovich Rahmanov, is a Tajik politician who has served as the President of Tajikistan since 1994, having previously led the country as Chairman of the Supreme Assembly (Tajikistan), Su ...

* Minister of Defence of Turkmenistan Major General Begench Gundogdyev * Ambassador of USA John J. Sullivan *

President of Uzbekistan The president of the Republic of Uzbekistan () is the head of state and executive authority in Uzbekistan. The office of President was established in 1991, replacing the position of Chairperson of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzb ...

Shavkat Mirziyoyev Shavkat Miromonovich Mirziyoyev (born 24 July 1957) is an Uzbek politician who has served as President of Uzbekistan and Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Uzbekistan since 14 December 2016. Previously, Mirziyoyev led the gover ...

Minister of Foreign Affairs of Venezuela The following is a list of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela since 1830, when Venezuela achieved independence after the dissolution of Gran Colombia. The founding minister was Diego Bautista Urbaneja, who held multiple terms. The curren ...

Jorge Arreaza Jorge Alberto Arreaza Montserrat (Venezuelan ; born 6 June 1973) is a Venezuelan politician who has held several important positions in the administration of President Hugo Chávez and his successor Nicolás Maduro. From August 2017 to August ...

* Secretary General of CIS Sergei Lebedev * Secretary-General of the

Collective Security Treaty Organization The Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO, ) is an Intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental military alliance in Eurasia consisting of six post-Soviet states: Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Tajikistan. Th ...

Stanislav Zas Lieutenant General Stanislav Vasilievich Zas (, ; born 1964) is a Belarusian general and politician who is a former Secretary-General of the Collective Security Treaty Organization and was formerly the State Secretary of the Security Council of ...

* Chairman of the

Eurasian Economic Commission The Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) is the executive body of the Eurasian Economic Union responsible for implementing decisions, upholding the EEU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the Eurasian Economic Union. The main task of t ...

Mikhail Myasnikovich Mikhail Vladimirovich Myasnikovich (born 6 May 1950) is a Belarusians, Belarusian politician who was Prime Minister of Belarus from 2010 to 2014. He was the Chairman of the Board of the Eurasian Economic Commission from 2020 to 2024. Career ...

Other foreign guests included Serbian filmmaker and actor

Emir Kusturica Emir Kusturica ( sr-cyrl, Емир Кустурица, ; born 24 November 1954) is a Serbian film director, screenwriter, actor, film producer and musician. Kusturica has been an active filmmaker since the 1980s. He has competed at the Cannes ...

Preparation

Since November 2019, preparations for the parade had been ongoing at the unit level. Individual and unit practices were held in the various unit locations. In March 2020 the days of full parade rehearsal and practice run throughs at the training center at

Alabino Alabino () is a rural locality in the Moscow Oblast of Russia. With a population of over 600 people, it is part of the urban settlement of Selyatino. Until 2006, Alabino was part of the Petrovsky Rural District. One of the main attractions in the ...

Moscow Oblast Moscow Oblast (, , informally known as , ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). With a population of 8,524,665 (Russian Census (2021), 2021 Census) living in an area of , it is one of the most densely populate ...

formally commenced the national preparations for the diamond jubilee celebrations, with the ground and mobile columns first to take their practice rounds in front of the national and international press representatives. The

flypast ''FlyPast'' is an aircraft magazine, published monthly, edited by Tom Allett, Steve Beebee and Jamie Ewan. History and profile The magazine started as a bi-monthly edition in May/June 1981 and its first editor was the late Mike Twite. It is ow ...

segment of the parade began its preparations in early June just weeks before the main parade itself, first in Kubinka airfield and later on joining the Alabino run-through.

Timeline for preparatory activities in Moscow

* 24 March towards 14 April – beginning of parade practice runs in

(cut short due to the decision to postpone the parade, set to be resumed before the end of May) * 8 June up to 14 June – General practice run-through in the Alabino training field, including flypast * 17 and 18 June - evening parade practice run-throughs at Red Square * 20 June – the general parade practice run at 10 AM MST, including flypast

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

As the parade practice runs began on 24–25 March in Alabino, the

affected the preparations for the parade heavily. The Moscow city government proposed holding the parade without any spectators for the sake of public health, especially of the Second World War veterans and their families who were a big part of the audience in the past. Only select reporters and cameramen of Russian TV channels, as well as the press personnel of the Ministry of Defence, stayed there to cover the proceedings. Alternative proposals were also discussed, including the postponement of the parade to 24 June (anniversary of the

Moscow Victory Day Parade of 1945 The 1945 Moscow Victory Parade (), also known as the Parade of Victors (), was a victory parade held by the Soviet Armed Forces (with the Color Guard Company representing the First Polish Army) after the defeat of Nazi Germany. This, the longest a ...

), 2 September (

Victory over Japan Day Victory over Japan Day (also known as V-J Day, Victory in the Pacific Day, or V-P Day) is the day on which Surrender of Japan, Imperial Japan surrendered in World War II, in effect bringing the war End of World War II in Asia, to an end. The ...

), or 7 November in replacement of the Memorial Parade in honor of the anniversary of the

1941 October Revolution Parade The 1941 October Revolution Parade of November 7, 1941 was a parade in honor of the October Revolution 24 years earlier.Russia and later the Soviet Union adopted the Gregorian calendar after the October Revolution, so that the anniversary now f ...

. The former was sponsored in the

State Duma The State Duma is the lower house of the Federal Assembly (Russia), Federal Assembly of Russia, with the upper house being the Federation Council (Russia), Federation Council. It was established by the Constitution of Russia, Constitution of t ...

A Just Russia A, or a, is the first letter and the first vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, and others worldwide. Its name in English is '' a'' (pronounced ), plural ''aes''. It is similar in shape to the Ancient ...

leader

Sergey Mironov Sergey Mikhailovich Mironov (; born 14 February 1953) is a Russian politician. He served as Chairman of the Federation Council (Russia), Chairman of the Federation Council of Russia, Federation Council, the upper house of the Russian parliam ...

. 24 June was announced as the new date for the parade in a video conference on 26 May. Presidential Spokesman

Dmitry Peskov Dmitry Sergeyevich Peskov (, ; born 17 October 1967) is a Russian diplomat serving as the Kremlin Press Secretary, spokesman for President of Russia, Russian president Vladimir Putin since 2012.executive order In the United States, an executive order is a directive by the president of the United States that manages operations of the federal government. The legal or constitutional basis for executive orders has multiple sources. Article Two of the ...

was signed.

Postponement and replacement celebrations on 9 May

On 16 April 2020, President

announced the postponement of the Victory Day parade, which is supposed to be held on 9 May. The day before, representatives of Russian veterans associations asked Putin to postpone the celebrations to a later date. The Immortal Regiment march, which is supposed to be held on the same day, has also been postponed. On April 28, President Putin announced that an air military parade would be held on 9 May in Moscow as well as in other cities of Russia. Two days later, an official in the Western Military District announced that an air show would also be held at the Kubinka air base. Many veterans had their very own "personal parades", being organized at their homes by soldiers of local military units. On the morning of 9 May, Putin inspected a small parade of the

Kremlin Regiment The Kremlin Regiment (), also called the Presidential Regiment (), is a unique military regiment and part of the Russian Federal Protective Service (Russia), Federal Protective Service with the status of a special unit. The regiment ensures the s ...

of the

Federal Protective Service Federal Protective Service may refer to: *Federal Protective Service (United States), a U.S. security police force responsible for the security of buildings owned by the U.S. federal government *Federal Protective Service (Russia) The Federal G ...

at Cathedral Square of the

Moscow Kremlin The Moscow Kremlin (also the Kremlin) is a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia. Located in the centre of the country's capital city, the Moscow Kremlin comprises five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall along with the K ...

. He then went to the

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier A Tomb of the Unknown Soldier or Tomb of the Unknown Warrior is a monument dedicated to the services of an unknown soldier and the common memories of all soldiers killed in war. Such tombs are located in many nations and are usually high-profile na ...

to attend a wreath laying ceremony.

Full order of the 2020 parade

Bold indicates first appearance, ''italic'' indicates multiple appearances, ''Bold and italic'' indicate returning appearance, all indicated unless otherwise noted. * ''

General of the Army Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime. In countries that adopt the general officer fou ...

Sergey Shoigu Sergei Kuzhugetovich Shoigu; , . (born 21 May 1955) is a Russian politician and military officer who has served as secretary of the Security Council since 2024. He served as Minister of Defence of Russia from 2012 to 2024. Shoigu has served ...

, Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation'' (parade reviewing inspector) *''

, Commander-in-Chief of the

Russian Ground Forces The Russian Ground Forces (), also known as the Russian Army in English, are the Army, land forces of the Russian Armed Forces. The primary responsibilities of the Russian Ground Forces are the protection of the state borders, combat on land, ...

'' (parade commander)

Military bands

* Massed Military Bands of the Armed Forces under the direction of the Senior Director of Music of the

Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia The Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation serves as the official service of military bands in active service within the Russian Armed Forces and formerly the Soviet Armed Forces. It is part of the Military Band Servic ...

, Major General ''

Timofey Mayakin Major General Timofey Konstantinovich Mayakin (Russian: Тимофей Константинович Маякин; born on 21 March 1969) is a Russian military conductor who is currently serving as the Senior Director of Music of the Military Ban ...

'' * Corps of Drums of the

Moscow Military Music College The Valery Khalilov Moscow Suvorov Military Music College is one of the leading military music institutions in Russia. It is a separate branch of the Suvorov Military Schools in Russia, and the oldest of them all (opened 1937). History On Augu ...

– Led by the College Commandant, Colonel Alexander Gerasimov

Infantry column

* ''

154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment 154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment serves as the official honor guard regiment of the Russian Armed Forces and serves as the main honor guard unit of the armed forces, stationed in Moscow. Aside from being the honor guard ...

Colour Guard'' * ''1st Honour Guard Company of the 1st Honor Guard Battalion, 154th PICR'' – Led by Colonel Sergey Beassanov * ''Front standards and historical colours'' * ''Historical units'' ** Infantrymen ** Aviators ** Sailors ** Combat engineers ** Reconnaissance ** Border Troops of the NKVD (first appearance) **

Militiamen A militia ( ) is a military or paramilitary force that comprises civilian members, as opposed to a professional standing army of regular, full-time military personnel. Militias may be raised in times of need to support regular troops or serve ...

** Combined

Don Cossacks Don Cossacks (, ) or Donians (, ), are Cossacks who settled along the middle and lower Don River (Russia), Don. Historically, they lived within the former Don Cossack Host (, ), which was either an independent or an autonomous democratic rep ...

Company (first appearance) – Led by Head of the

All-Russian Cossack Society The All-Russian Cossack Society () is a government sponsored Cossack advocacy organization in the Russian Federation. It is responsible for the coordination of activities between the 11 registered Cossack hosts. In particular, it works in the spher ...

, Cossack General

Nikolai Doluda Nikolai Aleksandrovich Doluda (; ) is a Ukrainian-born Russian political figure and a deputy the 8th State Duma. In 1998 he held the position of Deputy Mayor of the city of Yeysk. In 2001, he started working at the administration of the Krasno ...

** Company of servicemen in the 1945 Victory Parade (first appearance) – Led by Lieutenant General Andrey Toporov * Foreign contingents on parade, in the order of their appearance ** '' Azerbaijani peacekeeping forces'' – Led by Major Samik Namedov ** '' Separate Regiment of Protection,

Armed Forces of Armenia The Armed Forces of the Republic of Armenia (, abbreviated ՀՀ ԶՈՒ, ''HH ZU''), sometimes referred to as the Armenian Army (), is the national military of Armenia. It consists of personnel branches under the General Staff of the Armenian Arme ...

'' – Led by Colonel Ashot Hakobyan ** ''

Honor Guard of the Armed Forces of Belarus Honour (Commonwealth English) or honor (American English; see spelling differences) is a quality of a person that is of both social teaching and personal ethos, that manifests itself as a code of conduct, and has various elements such as valo ...

'' – Led by First Lieutenant Vladislav Shepelevich ** '' Tri-Services Guard of Honour'' – Led by Colonel Anil Kumar from the

Sikh Light Infantry The Sikh Light Infantry is a light infantry regiment of the Indian Army.36th Air Assault Brigade,

Kazakh Airmobile Forces The Kazakh Air Assault Forces (; ) or the Airmobile Forces (; ) are the combined forces of air assault forces, airborne forces, armoured forces, artillery forces, and mechanized infantry branch of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan. It ...

'' – Led by Lieutenant Colonel Ulan Nurgaziyev ** ''

Military Institute of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic The Military Institute of the Armed Forces of the Kyrgyz Republic (, ) is the main military academy of the Kyrgyz Republic. which prepares highly qualified officers for the General Staff of Armed Forces. History In December 1941, the Odessa Mi ...

'' – Led by Colonel Bekkazy Tumenbaev ** '' Beijing Capital Garrison Honor Guard Battalion,

Central Theater Command The Central Theater Command is one of the five theater commands of the People's Liberation Army of China, and was founded on 1 February 2016. Its predecessors were the Beijing Military Region and Jinan Military Region. The International Inst ...

People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the military of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Republic of China (PRC). It consists of four Military branch, services—People's Liberation Army Ground Force, Ground Force, People's ...

'' – Led by Major General Bao Zemin and Senior Colonel Han Jie ** '' Honor Guard Company of the Moldovan National Army'' – Led by Captain Vitalie Josan ** '' 032 Military Unit,

Mongolian Armed Forces The Mongolian Armed Forces () is the collective name for the Mongolian military and the joint forces that comprise it. It is tasked with protecting the independence, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Mongolia. Defined as the peacetime co ...

'' – Led by Colonel Batdelger Hasherdene ** ''

Serbian Guards Unit The Guard of the Serbian Armed Forces () is an Guard of honour, honour guard unit of the Serbian Armed Forces under the direct command of the Serbian General Staff, General Staff. Besides ceremonial duties its main tasks include security and logis ...

'' – Led by Lieutenant Colonel Dragan Jakovljević ** ''Alumni Company of the Military Institute from the Honour Guard of the General Staff'' – Led by Lieutenant Colonel Fayzimuhammad Hafizzoda ** ''Color Guards of the

Independent Honor Guard Battalion of the Ministry of Defence of Turkmenistan The Independent Honor Guard Battalion of the Ministry of Defence of Turkmenistan (; ) is the official ceremonial unit of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan that serves as a guard of honour unit. The battalion guards the Independence Monument, Ashgab ...

'' ** Personnel of the Tashkent Military District of the Ministry of Defence of Uzbekistan (first appearance) – Led by Colonel Shokir Khairov * ''

Suvorov Military School The Suvorov Military Schools () are a type of boarding school in the former Soviet Union and in modern Russia and Belarus for boys of 10–17. Education in these schools focuses on military related subjects. The schools are named after Alexander ...

'' * ''

Nakhimov Naval School The Nakhimov Naval School () or Nakhimov School () is a form of military education for teenagers introduced in the Soviet Union and once also located in other cities. They are named after well-known Russian admiral Pavel Nakhimov. History The f ...

'' * '' Kronstadt Sea Cadet Corps'' * ''Moscow Young Army Patriotic Cadets Unit'' (''on behalf of the

Young Army Cadets National Movement The All-Russian Military Patriotic Social Movement "Young Army" () is a youth organization supported and funded by the Government of Russia through the Ministry of Defence (Russia), Ministry of Defence with a mission to train future personnel f ...

'') * Combined Regiment of the Russian Ground Forces ** ''

Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation The Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is a military academy in Moscow which provides graduate education for officers of the Russian Armed Forces. The full name reads: ''The Combined Academies Order of Lenin Order ...

'' ** ''

Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation The Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation named after Prince Alexander Nevsky () is a Russian military university operated by the Ministry of Defense of Russia (MOD). It is located on 14 Bol'shaya Sadovaya Stree ...

'' ** Grand Duke Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy (first appearance) ** ''Military Academy of the Armed Forces Air Defense Branch "Marshal Alexander Vasilevsky"'' ** '' Military Logistics Academy "General of the Army A. V. Khrulev"'' * Combined regiment of female cadets of Armed Forces educational institutions ** ''Female Cadets of the Ground Forces (Military University, Military Medical and Military Logistics Academy)'' ** ''Female Cadets of the Aerospace Forces (Air Force Academy)'' *Combined Regiment of the Russian Aerospace Forces ** '' Zhukovsky - Gagarin Air Force Academy'' ** ''Military Space Academy "Alexander Mozhaysky"'' *Combined Regiment of the Russian Navy **'' Baltic Naval Institute "Admiral Feodor Ushakov"'' ** '' Pacific Naval Institute "Admiral Sergei Makarov"'' (returning) ** '' 336th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade of the Baltic Fleet'' * ''

Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces The Peter the Great Military Academy of the Strategic Missile Forces is a military academy that serves personnel of the Strategic Missile Forces of the Russian Armed Forces. Since 2015, it has been located in the municipality of Balashikha in th ...

'' * Combined regiment of the

Russian Airborne Forces The Russian Airborne Forces () is the airborne separate combat arm of the Russian Armed Forces. It is a rapid response force and strategic reserve that is under the President of Russia, reporting directly to the Chief of the General Staff, and ...

** ''

Ryazan Guards Higher Airborne Command School The General V.F. Margelov Ryazan Guards Higher Airborne twice Red Banner Order of Suvorov Command School (RGVVDKU) () is a military educational institute of the Russian Ministry of Defense, situated in Ryazan, about southeast of Moscow. It was ...

"General of the Army

Vasily Margelov Vasily Filippovich Margelov (; ; – 4 March 1990) was a Red Army General of the army (USSR), General who was the commander of the Soviet Airborne Forces (VDV) from 1954 to 1959 and from 1961 to 1979. Margelov modernized the VDV and was a Hero o ...

"'' ** ''

331st Guards Airborne Regiment The 331st Guards Airborne Regiment is a formation of the Russian Airborne Troops. The regiment, a part of the 98th Guards Airborne Division, was considered to be one of Russia's elite units, but suffered large losses during the Russian invasion of ...

'', '' 98th Guards Airborne Division'' ** 104th Air Assault Regiment,

76th Guards Air Assault Division The 76th Guards Chernigov Red Banner Order of Suvorov Air Assault Division (; MUN 07264) is a division of the Russian Airborne Forces based in Pskov. The division traces its lineage back to the 76th Guards Rifle Division, formed in March 1943 f ...

(first appearance) *

Budyonny Military Academy of the Signal Corps The S. M. Budyonny Military Academy of the Signal Corps is a military university in Saint Petersburg, Russia, founded in 1919. The academy trains officers for service in the Signal Troops of the Russian Ground Forces. History * 1919 (8 Nove ...

(first appearance) * 45th Guards Berlin Engineering Brigade (first appearance) * ''34th and 38th Independent Railway Brigades of the

Russian Railway Troops Railway Troops of the Russian Armed Forces ()См. сведения о постоянных корреспондентах газеты «Красная звезда» в выходных данных на С. 2. каждого еженедель� ...

'' * ''

NBC Protection Military Academy The Marshal Semyon Timoshenko Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defense Military Academy () is a military university in Kostroma training officers for service in the Russian NBC Defense Troops of the Russian Ground Forces. It was established in ...

'' "Marshal Semyon Timoshenko" * ''

Civil Defense Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations The Civil Defence Academy of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia () is a state institution for the training of highly qualified specialists in the Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia), Ministry of Emergency Situations. As part of ...

'' * ''

Separate Operational Purpose Division The Separate Operational Purpose Division (ODON; ), formerly called OMSDON (a.k.a. '' Dzerzhinsky Division''), is a rapid deployment internal security division of the Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR and then ...

of the

National Guard Forces Command The National Guard Forces Command of the Russian Federation () is the operational gendarmerie component of the National Guard of Russia federal agency, created through a presidential decree on April 5, 2016. Functionally, it is a gendarmerie o ...

, Federal National Guard Troops Service of the Russian Federation "

Felix Dzerzhinsky Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky (; ; – 20 July 1926), nicknamed Iron Felix (), was a Soviet revolutionary and politician of Polish origin. From 1917 until his death in 1926, he led the first two Soviet secret police organizations, the Cheka a ...

"'' * '' Moscow Border Institute of the Border Service of the FSB of the Russian Federation "Moscow City Council''" * Combined regiment of the Greater Moscow units of the

1st Guards Tank Army The 1st Guards Tank Red Banner Army () is a tank army of the Russian Ground Forces (Military Unit Number 73621). The army traces its heritage back to the 1st Tank Army, formed twice in July 1942 and in January 1943 and converted into the 1st ...

Western Military District The Western Military District () was a Military districts of Russia, military district of Russia, in existence from 2010 until its abolishment as a unitary military command on February 26, 2024, succeeded by the newly reconstituted Moscow Mil ...

** ''

2nd Guards Tamanskaya Motor Rifle Division The 2nd Guards M. I. Kalinin Taman Motor Rifle Division is a Guards mechanised infantry division of the Russian Ground Forces. Its Military Unit Number is 23626. The 2nd Guards Motor Rifle Division was formed in 1941, seeing extensive combat ...

"Mikhail Kalinin"'' ** '' 4th Guards Kantermirskaya Tank Division "Yuri Andropov"'' * ''

Moscow Higher Military Command School The Moscow Higher Combined Arms Command School ''" Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR"'' (; abbreviated to MVOKU) is a higher military educational institution of the Russian Armed Forces. Alumni of the school have served with the Soviet Army and the Russi ...

"Supreme Soviet of Russia"''

Mobile column

* ''

T-34/85 The T-34 is a Soviet medium tank from World War II. When introduced, its 76.2 mm (3 in) tank gun was more powerful than many of its contemporaries, and its 60-degree sloped armour provided good protection against anti-tank weapons. ...

'' medium tank * ''

SU-100 The SU-100 ( Russian: самоходная установка-100, СУ-100 romanized: '' Samokhodnaya Ustanovka-''100) is a Soviet tank destroyer armed with the D-10S 100 mm anti-tank gun in a casemate superstructure. It was used extens ...

'' tank destroyer * '' GAZ-233114 "Tigr-M"'' infantry mobility vehicle (

45th Guards Independent Reconnaissance Brigade The 45th Separate Guards Order of Kutuzov, Order of Alexander Nevsky Spetsnaz Brigade (; Military Unit Number 28337) is the only spetsnaz unit of the Russian Airborne Forces (VDV), based near Moscow. It was formed in 1994 as the 45th Independent ...

) * '' GAZ-233114 "Tigr-M"'' with Arbalet-DM remote weapon station mounting a Kord heavy machine gun (

) * '' Kornet D/EM'' mobile ATGM system on the GAZ-233116 "Tigr-M" chassis (

) * Derivatsia-PVO Tracked, Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Artillery (SPAAA) Vehicle (first appearance) * ''BMP

Kurganets-25 The Kurganets-25 () is a tracked amphibious, 25-ton modular infantry fighting vehicle and armored personnel carrier being developed for the Russian Army. The Kurganets-25 is planned to evolve into various models, gradually replacing BMP, BMD, MT ...

'' IFV (27th Independent Guards "Sevastopol" Motorized Rifle Brigade) * ''

T-15 Armata The T-15 Armata (), with industrial designation "Object 149", is a Russian heavy infantry fighting vehicle first seen in public (initially with its turret covered) in 2015 during rehearsals for the Moscow Victory Day Parade. The T-15 concept of ...

'' heavy IFV (27th Independent Guards "Sevastopol" Motorized Rifle Brigade) (returning) * ''

BMP-2 The BMP-2 (''Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty'', , literally "combat machine/vehicle f theinfantry") is an amphibious infantry fighting vehicle introduced in the 1980s in the Soviet Union, following on from the BMP-1 of the 1960s. Development his ...

'' infantry fighting vehicle (27th Independent Guards "Sevastopol" Motorized Rifle Brigade) (returning) * ''

BMP-3 The BMP-3 is a Soviet and Russian infantry fighting vehicle, successor to the BMP-1 and BMP-2. The abbreviation BMP stands for ''Boevaya Mashina Pekhoty'' (, literally "infantry combat vehicle"). Production history The design of the BMP-3 ('' ...

'' infantry fighting vehicle (27th Independent Guards "Sevastopol" Motorized Rifle Brigade) * ''

T-14 The T-14 Armata (; industrial designation ) is a Russian fourth-generation main battle tank (MBT) based on the Armata Universal Combat Platform. The Russian Army initially planned to acquire 2,300 T-14s between 2015 and 2020. By 2018, product ...

'' main battle tank ( 2nd Guards "Tamanskaya" Motorized Rifle Division) * ''

BMPT Terminator The BMPT "Terminator" ( – Tank Support Fighting Vehicle) is an armored fighting vehicle (AFV), designed and manufactured by the Russian company Uralvagonzavod. This vehicle was designed for supporting tanks and other AFVs in urban areas. The ...

'' armored support combat vehicle ( 2nd Guards "Tamanskaya" Motorized Rifle Division) * ''

T-72 The T-72 is a family of Soviet Union, Soviet main battle tanks that entered production in 1973. The T-72 was a development based on the T-64 using thought and design of the previous Object 167M. About 25,000 T-72 tanks have been built, and refu ...

B3M (T-72B4)'' modernized main battle tank ( 2nd Guards "Tamanskaya" Motorized Rifle Division) * ''

T-80 The T-80 is a main battle tank (MBT) that was designed and manufactured in the former Soviet Union and manufactured in Russia. The T-80 is based on the T-64, while incorporating features from the later T-72 and changing the engine to a gas turbi ...

BVM'' modernized main battle tank ( 2nd Guards "Tamanskaya" Motorized Rifle Division) (returning) * ''

Т-90 The T-90 is a List of main battle tanks by generation#Third, third-generation Russian main battle tank developed from, and designed to replace the T-72. It uses a 125mm 2A46 125 mm gun, 2A46 smoothbore tank gun, main gun, the 1A45T fire-contr ...

M'' modernized main battle tank ( 2nd Guards "Tamanskaya" Motorized Rifle Division) (returning) * ''

BMD-4 The BMD-4 () is an amphibious infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) originating from post-Cold War Russia. Originally designated as the BMD-3M, the chassis of the BMD-4 is the same as that of the BMD-3 because it was developed on the same basis. This ...

M'' air-droppable IFV (

106th Guards Tula Airborne Division The 106th Guards Tula Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Airborne Division (; Military Unit Number, MUN 55599), more generally referred to as the Tula Division, is one of the four Airborne forces, airborne divisions of the Russian Airborne Troops, the ...

) * '' BTR-MDM "Rakushka"'' APC (

) * '' 2S19 Msta-S'' tracked self-propelled howitzer (236th Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment) * ''

BM-30 Smerch The BM-30 ''Smerch'' (, 'whirlwind'), 9K58 Smerch or 9A52-2 Smerch-M is a heavy Self-propelled artillery, self-propelled 300 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union to fire a full load of 12 solid-fuelled projectiles. The ...

'' mobile MRL system (112th Guards "Novorossiysk" MRL Brigade) * ''

9K720 Iskander The 9K720 Iskander (; NATO reporting name SS-26 Stone) is a Russian mobile short-range ballistic missile system. It has a range of . It was intended to replace the OTR-21 Tochka in the Russian military by 2020. The Iskander has several differ ...

-M'' mobile tactical ballistic missile system (112th Guards "Novorossiysk" MRL Brigade) * TOS-1 Buratino multiple rocket launcher and thermobaric weapon mounted on the T-72 tank chassis (20th NBC Protection Regiment) (first appearance) * '' Tor-M2U'' SAM complex on tracked chassis ( 6th Independent Tank Brigade) * ''

Buk-M2 The Buk (; "beech" (tree), ) is a family of self-propelled, medium-range surface-to-air missile systems developed by the Soviet Union and its successor state, the Russian Federation, and designed to counter cruise missiles, smart bombs and he ...

'' mobile tracked SAM system (6th Independent Tank Brigade) * ''

Pantsir-S1 The Pantsir () missile system is a family of self-propelled, medium-range surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft artillery systems. Three types of vehicles make up one system: a missile launcher, a radar truck and a command post. Starting with ...

'' mobile SAM system on wheeled chassis (93rd Guards Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment) *

S-350E Vityaz 50R6 The S-350 Vityaz () is a Russian medium-range surface-to-air missile system developed by GSKB Almaz-Antey. Its purpose is to replace the S-300 (missile)#S-300P, S-300PS. The system design traces its roots from the joint South Korean-Russian KM-SAM ...

mobile SAM system on wheeled chassis (93rd Guards Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment) (first appearance) * ''

S-400 Triumf The S-400 Triumf ( – Triumf; translation: Triumph; NATO reporting name: SA-21 Growler), previously known as the S-300 PMU-3, is a mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed in the 1990s by Russia's NPO Almaz as an upgrade to the ...

'' SAM launch system on 5P85SM2-01 transporter-erector launcher (93rd Guards Anti-Aircraft Rocket Regiment) * 3K60 Bal coastal defense mobile missile system on wheeled chassis (536th Independent Coastal Missile-Artillery Brigade) (first appearance) * '' Kamaz 53949 Typhoon-K'' light MRAP (

Russian Military Police The Military Police of Russia (, VP) is the uniformed law enforcement branch of the Russian Armed Forces, which is known by the official name of Military Police of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (), and it is operated by the Ministr ...

) * ''

Ural Typhoon Ural Typhoon is Russia's multi-functional, modular, Mine-Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicle family. The chassis consists of the car bonnet, frame, three-axle drive, bonneted frame and chassis. The Typhoon is part of Russia's large vehicle Typhoo ...

'' MRAP (Russian Military Police) * ''Patrul-A'' MRAP (

National Guard of Russia The Federal Service of Troops of National Guard of the Russian Federation (), officially known as the (),#Official website, Official website is a federal executive body which is responsible for law enforcement, internal security, counter-terro ...

) * ''Ural-VV'' MRAP (

) * ''

RS-24 Yars The RS-24 Yars (РС-24 Ярс – ракета стратегическая (strategic missile)-modification 24) also known as Topol-MR, NATO reporting name SS-29 or SS-27 Mod 2), is a Russian MIRV-equipped, thermonuclear armed intercontinen ...

'' ICBM on 15U175M wheeled transporter-erector launcher (54th Guards Rocket Division) * ''

VPK-7829 Bumerang The VPK-7829 Bumerang (, Boomerang) is a prototype modular amphibious wheeled infantry fighting vehicle and armored personnel carrier developed by Russian Military Industrial Company for the Russian army. In over 10 years since being unveiled, ...

'' wheeled APC

Air fly-past column

* ''

Mil Mi-26 The Mil Mi-26 (, NATO reporting name: Halo) is a Soviet/Russian heavy transport helicopter. Its product code is ''Izdeliye 90''. Operated by both military and civilian operators, it is the largest helicopter to have gone into serial product ...

'' * ''

Mil Mi-8 The Mil Mi-8 (, NATO reporting name: Hip) is a medium twin-turbine helicopter, originally designed by the Soviet Union, Soviet Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute, Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI) in the 1960s and introduced into the ...

'' * ''

Mil Mi-35 The Soviet and later Russian Mil Mi-24 helicopter has been produced in many variants, as described below. History In 1966, Soviet aircraft designer Mikhail Mil created a mock-up design of a new helicopter (derived from the Mil Mi-8) which was ...

'' * ''

Kamov Ka-52 The Kamov Ka-50 "Black Shark" (, English: kitefin shark), NATO reporting name Hokum A, is a Soviet/Russian single-seat attack helicopter with the distinctive coaxial rotor system of the Kamov design bureau. It was designed in the 1980s an ...

'' * '' Mil Mi-28N'' * ''

Beriev A-50 The Beriev A-50 (NATO reporting name: Mainstay) is a Soviet-origin airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft that is based on the Ilyushin Il-76 transport plane. Developed to replace the Tupolev Tu-126 "Moss", the A-50 first flew in ...

'' * ''

Ilyushin Il-76 The Ilyushin Il-76 (; NATO reporting name: Candid) is a multi-purpose, fixed-wing, four-engine turbofan strategic airlifter designed by the Soviet Union's Ilyushin design bureau as a commercial freighter in 1967, to replace the Antonov An-1 ...

'' * '' Tupolev Tu-95MS'' * ''

Tupolev Tu-160 The Tupolev Tu-160 (; NATO reporting name: Blackjack) is a supersonic, variable-sweep wing nuclear-capable heavy strategic bomber and airborne missile platform designed by the Tupolev Design Bureau in the Soviet Union in the 1970s. The aircra ...

'' * '' Tupolev Tu-22M3'' * ''

Ilyushin Il-78 The Ilyushin Il-78 (; NATO reporting name Midas) is a Soviet/Russian four-engined aerial refueling tanker based on the Il-76 strategic airlifter. Design and development The Soviet Union's first dedicated tanker aircraft were variants of pre ...

'' * ''

Mikoyan MiG-29 The Mikoyan MiG-29 (; NATO reporting name: Fulcrum) is a twin-engine fighter aircraft designed in the Soviet Union. Developed by the Mikoyan design bureau as an air superiority fighter during the 1970s, the MiG-29, along with the larger Suk ...

'' * ''

Sukhoi Su-24 The Sukhoi Su-24 (NATO reporting name: Fencer) is a supersonic, night fighter, all-weather tactical bomber developed in the Soviet Union. The aircraft has a variable-sweep wing, Twinjet, twin engines and a side-by-side seating arrangement for it ...

'' * ''

Mikoyan MiG-31 The Mikoyan MiG-31 (; NATO reporting name: Foxhound) is a supersonic interceptor aircraft developed for the Soviet Air Forces by the Mikoyan design bureau as a replacement for the earlier MiG-25 "Foxbat"; the MiG-31 is based on and shares de ...

K'' * ''

Sukhoi Su-57 The Sukhoi Su-57 (; NATO reporting name: Felon) is a twin-engine stealth multirole fighter aircraft developed by Sukhoi. It is the product of the PAK FA (, prospective aeronautical complex of front-line aviation) programme, which was in ...

'' * ''

Sukhoi Su-35 The Sukhoi Su-35 (-35; NATO reporting name: Flanker-E/M, occasionally nicknamed "Super Flanker") is the designation for two improved derivatives of the Sukhoi Su-27, Su-27 air-defence fighter. They are single-seat, twinjet, twin-engine, super ...

'' * ''

Sukhoi Su-34 The Sukhoi Su-34 (; NATO reporting name: Fullback) is a Soviet-origin Russian twin-engine, twin-seat, all-weather supersonic medium-range fighter-bomber/ strike aircraft. It first flew in 1990, intended for the Soviet Air Forces, and it enter ...

'' * ''

Sukhoi Su-30 The Sukhoi Su-30 (; NATO reporting name: Flanker-C/G/H) is a twin-engine, two-seat supermaneuverable fighter aircraft developed in the Soviet Union in the 1980s by Russia's Sukhoi Aviation Corporation. It is a multirole fighter for all-weath ...

'' * ''

SM'' from flight demonstration squadron

Russian Knights The Russian Knights () is an aerobatic demonstration team of the Russian Air Force. Originally formed on April 5, 1991 at the Kubinka Air Base as a team of six Sukhoi Su-27s, the team was the first to perform outside the Soviet Union in Septe ...

* ''

'' from flight demonstration squadron

Swifts Swift or SWIFT most commonly refers to: * SWIFT, an international organization facilitating transactions between banks ** SWIFT code * Swift (programming language) * Swift (bird), a family of birds It may also refer to: Organizations * SWIFT, a ...

* ''

Sukhoi Su-25 The Sukhoi Su-25 ''Grach'' ( ('' rook''); NATO reporting name: Frogfoot) is a subsonic, single-seat, twin-engine jet aircraft developed in the Soviet Union by Sukhoi. It was designed to provide close air support for Soviet Ground Forces. Th ...

Other parades

In Russia

As per tradition, 27 other Russian major cities (

Sevastopol Sevastopol ( ), sometimes written Sebastopol, is the largest city in Crimea and a major port on the Black Sea. Due to its strategic location and the navigability of the city's harbours, Sevastopol has been an important port and naval base th ...

and

Kerch Kerch, also known as Keriç or Kerich, is a city of regional significance on the Kerch Peninsula in the east of Crimea. It has a population of Founded 2,600 years ago as the Colonies in antiquity#Greek colonies, ancient Greek colony Pantik ...

in the disputed Crimea included) are expected to hold commemorative parades on the same day as Moscow's (some of them including flypasts and fleet reviews expected in

Kaliningrad Kaliningrad,. known as Königsberg; ; . until 1946, is the largest city and administrative centre of Kaliningrad Oblast, an Enclave and exclave, exclave of Russia between Lithuania and Poland ( west of the bulk of Russia), located on the Prego ...

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

Murmansk Murmansk () is a port city and the administrative center of Murmansk Oblast in the far Far North (Russia), northwest part of Russia. It is the world's largest city north of the Arctic Circle and sits on both slopes and banks of a modest fjord, Ko ...

Vladivostok Vladivostok ( ; , ) is the largest city and the administrative center of Primorsky Krai and the capital of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia. It is located around the Zolotoy Rog, Golden Horn Bay on the Sea of Japan, covering an area o ...

and

Astrakhan Astrakhan (, ) is the largest city and administrative centre of Astrakhan Oblast in southern Russia. The city lies on two banks of the Volga, in the upper part of the Volga Delta, on eleven islands of the Caspian Depression, from the Caspian Se ...

), and joint civil-military parades were hosted by over 20 other towns and cities nationwide, with three cities moving their parades to other dates in

Perm Krai Perm Krai (, ; ) is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (a Krais of Russia, krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm, Russia, Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Russian census, 2021 ...

Belgorod Oblast Belgorod Oblast () is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Belgorod. , the population is 1,540,486. History During the Princely ...

and

Oryol Oblast Oryol Oblast (), also known as Orlovshchina (), is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the types of inhabited localities in Russia, city of Oryol. Population: Geography It is loc ...

(the first of 12 to do so). The new dates for the parades there, respectively, are on 3 September (

), 12 July (Belgorod City Day), and 5 August (Oryol Liberation Day). The parade in Komi was set for 4 September on the occasion of the republic's 99th anniversary, which will be a kick-off towards the celebrations in 2021 of the republic's centennial jubilee year anniversary. The website Znak.com reported that at least 40 regions in Russia had cancelled their parades or held them without spectators due to the virus, where 30 major cities had cancelled their parade. Once more, marking a historic anniversary since the victory in Europe, for the second straight year the mobile column of the St. Petersburg parade on

Palace Square Palace Square ( rus, Дворцо́вая пло́щадь, r=Dvortsovaya Ploshchad, p=dvɐrˈtsovəjə ˈploɕːɪtʲ), connecting Nevsky Prospekt with Palace Bridge leading to Vasilievsky Island, is the central city square of St Petersb ...

, one of the biggest regional parades outside Moscow, displayed Soviet unit banners perpetuating the Second World War lineage and service of the formations that provided the vehicles (save for the Military Police, whose service banner was displayed). This happened for the first time in Yekaterinburg's 1905 Square during the mobile column segment. The Head of the Joint Operative Headquarters of the

Norwegian Armed Forces The Norwegian Armed Forces () are the armed forces responsible for the defence of Norway. It consists of five branches, the Norwegian Army, the Royal Norwegian Navy, which includes the Norwegian Coast Guard, Coast Guard, the Royal Norwegian Air ...

Rune Jakobsen led the delegation at the parade in

at the invitation of the Commander of the

Northern Fleet The Northern Fleet (, ''Severnyy flot'') is the Naval fleet, fleet of the Russian Navy in the Arctic. According to the Russian ministry of defence: "The Northern Fleet dates its history back to a squadron created in 1733 to protect the terri ...

. In early 2020, it was confirmed that foreign servicemen from the armed forces of

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a landlocked country primarily in Central Asia, with a European Kazakhstan, small portion in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the Kazakhstan–Russia border, north and west, China to th ...

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan, officially the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia lying in the Tian Shan and Pamir Mountains, Pamir mountain ranges. Bishkek is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Kyrgyzstan, largest city. Kyrgyz ...

Tajikistan Tajikistan, officially the Republic of Tajikistan, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Dushanbe is the capital city, capital and most populous city. Tajikistan borders Afghanistan to the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border, south, Uzbekistan to ...

and

Uzbekistan , image_flag = Flag of Uzbekistan.svg , image_coat = Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg , symbol_type = Emblem of Uzbekistan, Emblem , national_anthem = "State Anthem of Uzbekistan, State Anthem of the Republ ...

will take part in the parade in

Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg (, ; ), alternatively Romanization of Russian, romanized as Ekaterinburg and formerly known as Sverdlovsk ( ; 1924–1991), is a city and the administrative centre of Sverdlovsk Oblast and the Ural Federal District, Russia. The ci ...

, as well an 80-man contingent from

Armenia Armenia, officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part of the Caucasus region and is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia (country), Georgia to the north and Azerbaijan to ...

Rostov-on-Don Rostov-on-Don is a port city and the administrative centre of Rostov Oblast and the Southern Federal District of Russia. It lies in the southeastern part of the East European Plain on the Don River, from the Sea of Azov, directly north of t ...

, and a contingent from

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of ...

, plans which were later scrapped.

In other countries

Celebrations of the holiday were held in almost all the former republics of the Soviet Union in celebration of this milestone anniversary, including in the following cities: *

: 9 May (

Minsk Minsk (, ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative status in Belarus and is the administra ...

, Brest) *

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

: 9 May (

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

Odesa Odesa, also spelled Odessa, is the third most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city and List of hromadas of Ukraine, municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern ...

) *

: 7 May (Minor observances only in

Nur-Sultan Astana is the capital city of Kazakhstan. With a population of 1,423,726 within the city limits, it is the second-largest in the country after Almaty, which had been the capital until 1997. The city lies on the banks of the Ishim (river), Ishim ...

Almaty Almaty, formerly Alma-Ata, is the List of most populous cities in Kazakhstan, largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population exceeding two million residents within its metropolitan area. Located in the foothills of the Trans-Ili Alatau mountains ...

and

Baikonur Baikonur ( ; ) is a city in Kazakhstan on the northern bank of the Syr Darya river. It is currently leased and administered by the Russian Federation as an enclave until 2050. It was constructed to serve the Baikonur Cosmodrome with adminis ...

, also marking

Defender of the Fatherland Day Defender of the Fatherland Day ( ''Den' zashchitnika Otechestva''; ; ; ; ) is a holiday observed in Russia, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. It is celebrated on 23 February, except in Kazakhstan, where it is celebra ...

) *

: 9 May (

Bishkek Bishkek, formerly known as Pishpek (until 1926), and then Frunze (1926–1991), is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. Bishkek is situated near the Kazakhstan ...

) *

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the South Caucasus * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the southeastern United States Georgia may also refer to: People and fictional characters * Georgia (name), a list of pe ...

: 9 May (

Tbilisi Tbilisi ( ; ka, თბილისი, ), in some languages still known by its pre-1936 name Tiflis ( ), ( ka, ტფილისი, tr ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Georgia (country), largest city of Georgia ( ...

) *

: 9 May (

Yerevan Yerevan ( , , ; ; sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia, as well as one of the world's List of oldest continuously inhabited cities, oldest continuously inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerev ...

Gyumri Gyumri (, ) is an urban municipal community and the List of cities and towns in Armenia, second-largest city in Armenia, serving as the administrative center of Shirak Province in the northwestern part of the country. By the end of the 19th centur ...

) *

Azerbaijan Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a Boundaries between the continents, transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of West Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by ...

: 9 May (

Baku Baku (, ; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Azerbaijan, largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and in the Caucasus region. Baku is below sea level, which makes it the List of capital ci ...

) *

: 9 May (

Dushanbe Dushanbe is the Capital city, capital and largest city of Tajikistan. , Dushanbe had a population of 1,564,700, with this population being largely Tajiks, Tajik. Until 1929, the city was known in Russian as Dyushambe, and from 1929 to 1961 as St ...

) *

Turkmenistan Turkmenistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest and the Caspian Sea to the west. Ash ...

: 9 May (

Ashgabat Ashgabat (Turkmen language, Turkmen: ''Aşgabat'') is the capital city, capital and largest city of Turkmenistan. It lies between the Karakum Desert and the Kopet Dag, Kopetdag mountain range in Central Asia, approximately 50 km (30 ...

) *

Moldova Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova, is a Landlocked country, landlocked country in Eastern Europe, with an area of and population of 2.42 million. Moldova is bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south. ...

: 23 August (

Chișinău Chișinău ( , , ; formerly known as Kishinev) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Moldova, largest city of Moldova. The city is Moldova's main industrial and commercial centre, and is located in the middle of the coun ...

)

cancelled its Victory Day parade in Nur-Sultan on 12 March 2020 as preventive measures against the ongoing

. The

Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Artsakh ( ), officially the Republic of Artsakh or the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh ( ), was a list of states with limited recognition, breakaway state in the South Caucasus whose territory was internationally recognised as part of Azerbai ...

celebrated the day with a parade and other activities in

Stepanakert Stepanakert officially Khankendi is a city in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan. It was the capital city of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh prior to the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh, 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in ...

on 9 May, also celebrating the 28th anniversary of the

Capture of Shusha The capture of Shusha may refer to: * the Battle of Shusha (1992) * the Battle of Shusha (2020) The Battle of Shusha ( or ; ) was the final and decisive battle of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, fought between the armed forces of Azerbaijan ...

during the

First Nagorno-Karabakh War The First Nagorno-Karabakh War was an ethnic conflict, ethnic and territorial conflict that took place from February 1988 to May 1994, in the enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh in southwestern Azerbaijan, between the majority ethnic Armenians of Nag ...

. Due to the pandemic, only small celebrations were held, plus a flypast at Yerevan's

Mother Armenia Mother Armenia () is a female personification of Armenia. Her most public visual rendering is a monumental statue in Victory Park overlooking the capital city of Yerevan, Armenia. Mother Armenia statue in Yerevan The current statue replaced a m ...

monument in Armenia as a tribute to all who fought in both the Second World War and the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. In

, all formal parades were cancelled by order of Prime Minister

Denys Shmyhal Denys Anatoliiovych Shmyhal (, ; born 15 October 1975) is a Ukrainian politician and entrepreneur who has served as the 18th and current prime minister of Ukraine since 2020. Before his appointment as prime minister, Shmyhal was the governor ...

in light of the

COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In January 2020, the disease spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. The symptoms of COVID‑19 can vary but often include fever ...

. President Zelensky went on a working visit to the

Luhansk Oblast Luhansk Oblast (; ), also referred to as Luhanshchyna (), is the easternmost Administrative divisions of Ukraine, oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Luhansk. The oblast was established in 1938 and bore the n ...

where he visited an urban settlement that is divided by the border between Ukraine and

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

. In the settlement, he visited the memorial complex "Ukraine to the Liberators". He also visited the

Zakarpattia Oblast Zakarpattia Oblast (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпатська область), also referred to as simply Zakarpattia (Ukrainian language, Ukrainian: Закарпаття; Hungarian language, Hungarian: ''Kárpátalja'') or Transcar ...

, where he also laid flowers at the "Hill of Glory" memorial complex.

and

were the only nations in the

to hold diamond jubilee parades on 9 May. In

, the 75th anniversary of the victory in the war was celebrated with a military parade for the first time. The parade was held at a square in front of the

Halk Hakydasy Memorial Complex Halk Hakydasy Memorial Complex is a memorial complex to the honour of those killed in the Battle of Geok Tepe in 1881, in World War II, and in the 1948 Ashgabat earthquake. It is in the southwestern part of Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. History Cons ...

, with a special appearance by the banner of the 748th Infantry Regiment of the

of the

2nd Ukrainian Front The 2nd Ukrainian Front () was a front of the Red Army during the Second World War. History On October 20, 1943, the Steppe Front was renamed the 2nd Ukrainian Front. In mid-May 1944 Malinovsky took over the 2nd Ukrainian Front. During t ...

, which was brought into the capital from Moscow. When speaking on the decision to hold the parade in Minsk, President

Alexander Lukashenko Alexander Grigoryevich Lukashenko (also transliterated as Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Lukashenka; born 30 August 1954) is a Belarusian politician who has been the first and only president of Belarus since the office's establishment in 1994, making hi ...

described it as "an emotional, deeply ideological thing". There were reports that suggested university students were offered incentives (including academic and

dormitory A dormitory (originated from the Latin word ''dormitorium'', often abbreviated to dorm), also known as a hall of residence, a residence hall (often abbreviated to halls), or a hostel, is a building primarily providing sleeping and residential qu ...

bonuses for members of the

Belarusian Academy of Sciences The National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (NASB; ; , , ) is the national academy of Belarus. History Inbelkult - predecessor to the Academy The Academy has its origins in the Institute of Belarusian Culture (Inbelkult), a Belarusian acade ...

and recovered COVID-19 patients) to attend the parade.

Notes

External links

The official website (May Parade)

LIVE: Victory parade takes place on Moscow's Red Square (ENGLISH)

References

{{Moscow Victory Parade, state=expanded Moscow Victory Day Parades 2020 in military history 2020 in Moscow June 2020 in Russia

Moscow Victory Day Parade The Moscow Victory Day Parade () is an annual military parade of the Russian Armed Forces on Moscow's Red Square on 9 May during the Victory Day celebrations. The most important parade of those being held on 9 May is the one held on Moscow's Red ...

Articles containing video clips

Events

Foreign troops

Invited attendees

Summary

Guest list

Original composition

Final list

Preparation

Timeline for preparatory activities in Moscow

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Postponement and replacement celebrations on 9 May

Full order of the 2020 parade

Military bands

Infantry column

Mobile column

Air fly-past column

Other parades

In Russia

In other countries

See also

Notes

External links

References