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Events


January–March

*
January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Jin Huaidi becomes emperor of China in succession to his father, Emperor Hui of Jin, Jin Huidi, despite a challenge from his uncle, Sima Ying. * 871 – Æthelred I, King of Wessex, Æthel ...
– Carolean Death March begins: A catastrophic retreat by a largely-Finnish
Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...
- Carolean army under the command of
Carl Gustaf Armfeldt Carl Gustaf Armfeldt (9 November 1666 – 24 October 1736) was a Swedish officer, general and friherre (baron) who took part in the Great Northern War. Early life Carl Gustaf Armfeldt was born in Swedish Ingria to lieutenant colonel Gustaf Armfel ...
across the Tydal mountains in a blizzard kills around 3,700 men and cripples a further 600 for life. * January 23 – The
Principality of Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (german: link=no, Fürstentum Liechtenstein), is a German-speaking microstate located in the Alps between Austria and Switzerland. Liechtenstein is a semi-constitutional monarchy ...
is created, within the Holy Roman Empire. *
February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, uniting the fortunes of those two states. *1451 – Sultan Mehmed II inherits the throne of the Ottoman Empire. *1488 – ...
(January 23 Old Style) – The Riksdag of the Estates recognizes Ulrika Eleonora's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as queen regnant of Sweden. *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
– The first Treaty of Stockholm is signed. *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
– Farrukhsiyar, the Mughal Emperor of India since 1713, is deposed by the Sayyid brothers, who install Rafi ud-Darajat in his place. In prison, Farrukhsiyar is strangled by assassins on April 19. * March 6 – A serious earthquake (estimated magnitude >7) in El Salvador results in large fractures, liquefaction zones, and a sulphuric gas leak. It destroys houses, churches and monasteries. * March 17 – The coronation of Ulrika Eleonora as Queen of Sweden takes place in Stockholm.


April–June

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
– The French army under James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick invades the Basque provinces of Spain, with 20,000 troops crossing into Navarre. * April 19 – In Louisiana (New France), Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville's brother Serigny arrives on a French man-of-war, bringing news that war had been declared between France and Spain (since December
1718 Events January – March * January 7 – In India, Sufi rebel leader Shah Inayat Shaheed from Sindh who had led attacks against the Mughal Empire, is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discus ...
). * April 25 –
Daniel Defoe Daniel Defoe (; born Daniel Foe; – 24 April 1731) was an English writer, trader, journalist, pamphleteer and spy. He is most famous for his novel ''Robinson Crusoe'', published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in its ...
publishes '' Robinson Crusoe''. * April 26 – King Philip V of Spain departs Madrid and leads 15,000 men of the Spanish Army into Navare to fight the French under Berwick. * May 14 – In Louisiana (New France), Bienville, from
Mobile Mobile may refer to: Places * Mobile, Alabama, a U.S. port city * Mobile County, Alabama * Mobile, Arizona, a small town near Phoenix, U.S. * Mobile, Newfoundland and Labrador Arts, entertainment, and media Music Groups and labels * Mobile ...
, captures Pensacola, but Pensacola is later recaptured by the Spanish, and again re-taken by Bienville."Le Moyne de Bienville, Jean-Baptiste", University of Toronto, 2000, webpag
biog-ca-Bienville
 * May 25 – An earthquake in Turkey damages İzmit and Istanbul, damaging some city walls and ruining mosques and palaces. * June 4 –
Battle of Ösel Island The Battle of Osel Island took place on May 24, 1719 (O.S.), during the Great Northern War. It was fought near the island of Saaremaa (Ösel). It led to a victory for the Russian captain Naum Senyavin Naum Akimovich Senyavin (''Наум Аки ...
: A Russian naval force defeats the Swedish fleet. * June 18 – Captain John Perry fixes Dagenham Breach. * June 10 – Battle of Glen Shiel: British forces defeat the Jacobites and their Spanish allies. *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
– Battle of Francavilla: The Austrians are defeated by the Spanish. * June 30 – French forces under the Duke of Berwick open the Siege of San Sebastian


July–September

* July 11 – Russia's Baltic Sea fleet is first spotted from the Swedish coast, starting the Russian Pillage of 1719–21 as part of the Great Northern War. * July 16 – The Carlsten fortress in Sweden surrenders to a Danish and Norwegian force after a siege of seven days. Colonel Henrich Danckwardt, who surrendered the fortress to Peter Tordenskjold after being away from it while it was still defensible, is beheaded on September 16. * August 13 – In the
Battle of Stäket The Battle of Stäket was a minor battle during the Great Northern War. A probing Russian force, circumventing Vaxholm Castle, attempted to pass through Baggensstäket, a very narrow passage in the Stockholm archipelago. After a counterattack ...
, Crown Prince
Frederick I of Sweden Frederick I ( sv, Fredrik I; 28 April 1676 – 5 April 1751) was prince consort of Sweden from 1718 to 1720, and King of Sweden from 1720 until his death and (as ''Frederick I'') also Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1730. He ascended the throne f ...
leads the successful defense of
Stockholm Stockholm () is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, largest city of Sweden as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people liv ...
from Russian Admiral Fyodor Apraksin's
Baltic Fleet , image = Great emblem of the Baltic fleet.svg , image_size = 150 , caption = Baltic Fleet Great ensign , dates = 18 May 1703 – present , country = , allegiance = (1703–1721) (1721–1917) (1917–1922) (1922–1991)(1991–present) ...
during the Russian Pillage. * August 19 – Siege of San Sebastian. The Spanish garrison surrenders to the Duke of Berwick. * August 20 – Princess Maria Josepha of Austria, at one time the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria's Habsburg Empire, marries Frederick Augustus, Elector of Saxony ten days after renouncing any claim to the Austrian throne. * September 3 – The three-story tall '' Opernhaus am Zwinger'', one of the largest opera houses in the world at the time, opens in Dresden by staging Antonio Lotti's ''Giovi in Argo''. * September 29 – Muhammad Shah is crowned as the 12th Mughal Emperor of India at Shahjahanabad (now Delhi), 12 days after the death of Shah Jahan II from tuberculosis.


October–December

* October 11 – Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda, the Spanish Governor-General of the Philippines, is assassinated in a bloody coup d'etat by supporters of the Archbishop of Manila, whom Bustamante had imprisoned. * October 14 – The British Army, under the command of Major General George Wade, invades and captures the forts of Vigo on the Atlantic coast of Spain. * October 21 – The
Red Canal Red Canal ( rus, Красный канал, r=Krasny kanal) was an eighteenth-century waterway in Saint Petersburg. Built between 1711 and 1719, it was part of a series of canals dug to improve the drainage of the marshy areas of the city. The can ...
is opened in the Russian capital, Saint Petersburg, after seven years of construction, at a ceremony in the presence of the Tsar
Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...
. * October 28 –
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
and Denmark sign an armistice, halting combat in the Great Northern War between them, with final terms agreed to in the Treaty of Frederiksborg on July 3, 1720. *
November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...
– In a treaty between Sweden and Hanover at the close of the Great Northern War, Sweden cedes the
Duchies of Bremen and Verden ), which is a public-law corporation established in 1865 succeeding the estates of the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (established in 1397), now providing the local fire insurance in the shown area and supporting with its surplusses cultural effor ...
(in northern Germany) to Hanover. * December 22 – Andrew Bradford publishes the ''American Weekly Mercury'', Pennsylvania's first newspaper.


Date unknown

* Prussia conducts Europe's first systematic census. * Miners in Falun,
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...
find the apparently petrified body of
Fet-Mats Israelsson Fet-Mats ("Fat Mats" real name: ''Mats Israelsson'') (died 1677) was a natural mummy found in Sweden in 1719. In 1719, miners in the Falun copper mine found an intact dead body in a water-filled, long-unused tunnel. When the body was put on di ...
(d.
1677 Events January–March * January 1 – Jean Racine's tragedy ''Phèdre'' is first performed, in Paris. * January 21 – The first medical publication in America (a pamphlet on smallpox) is produced in Boston. * February 15 ...
), in an unused part of the copper mine. * Raine's Foundation School, Bethnal Green (founded by Henry Raine), opens in Wapping, England. * James Figg opens one of the first indoor venues for combat sports, adjoining the City of Oxford tavern in Oxford Road, London.


Births


January

* January 1 –
Pierre-François Hugues d'Hancarville Pierre-François Hugues, Baron d'Hancarville ( Nancy 1719 – Padua 1805) was an art historian and historian of ideas. Biography Pierre Francois Hugues was born in 1719 at Nancy, France, the son of a bankrupt cloth-merchant. He himself later ad ...
, art historian and historian of ideas (d.
1805 After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created. * February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
) *
January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Empi ...
** Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat, French shipbuilder and merchant (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) **
Friedrich Christoph von Saldern Friedrich Christoph von Saldern (2 January 1719 – 14 March 1785) was a Prussian general and military writer. He proved his organizational mettle with the battlefield clean up after Liegnitz in 1760. At the Battle of Torgau he proved his tact ...
, German general (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
) *
January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
** Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, Catholic archbishop (d.
1802 Events January–March * January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they were at risk of destruction during the Ot ...
) ** Basil Feilding, 6th Earl of Denbigh, Earl in the Peerage of England (d.
1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
) **
Francisco José Freire Francisco José Freire () (3 January 1719 – 5 July 1773), Portuguese historian and philologist, was born in Lisbon. He belonged to the monastic society of St Philip Neri, and was a zealous member of the literary association known as the Academy ...
, Portuguese historian and philologist (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) *
January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
** Ivan Ivanovich Belsky, Russian painter (d.
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
) **
Guillaume de Barrême de Châteaufort Guillaume de Barrême de Châteaufort (6 January 1719, in Arles – 6 November 1775, in Arles), chevalier, was a French painter. He was descended from a converted Jewish family from Navarre which had moved to Arles under the doctor Salomon de la ...
, French painter (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) ** William Hammond, British hymnist (d.
1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
) ** Ignazio Marabitti, Italian artist (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) *
January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the be ...
–
Maria Dorothea Wagner Maria Dorothea Wagner (1719 - 1792) was a German painter and drafter. She was primarily a landscape artist, focusing on the landscape of Saxony. Life and work Maria Dorothea Wagner was born in 1719 in Weimar. Her father was a court painter for ...
, German painter (d.
1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * February ...
) *
January 14 Events Pre-1600 *1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. *1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 *1639 – The "Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, Fundamenta ...
–
Daniel Nettelbladt Daniel Nettelbladt (14 January 1719 in Rostock – 4 September 1791 in Halle) was a German jurist and philosopher. Nettelbladt studied theology and law at the universities of Rostock, Marburg and Halle Halle may refer to: Places Germany * Halle ...
, German jurist and philosopher (d.
1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...
) *
January 15 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. * 1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to settle the province of ...
– William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam, British peer (d.
1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Treaty of Westminster is signed between Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Kingdom of Hanover, controlled by King George II of Great Britain. *February 7 & ...
) * January 17 ** Maria van Antwerpen, soldier (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
) **
Samuel Enderby Samuel Enderby (17 January 171919 September 1797) was an English whale oil merchant, significant in the history of whaling in the United Kingdom. In the 18th century, he founded Samuel Enderby & Sons, a prominent shipping, whaling, and sealing co ...
, English whale oil merchant who sponsored Arctic exploration (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) **
Rajmundo Kunić Rajmund Kunić or Raimondo Cunich (January 17, 1719 – November 22, 1794) was a Latin and Greek humanist from Dubrovnik, Republic of Ragusa (modern-day Croatia). Biography Cunich was born in the Republic of Ragusa, in the small town of ...
, Croatian writer (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) ** Johann Elias Schlegel, German critic and poet (d.
1749 Events January–March * January 3 ** Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. ** The first issue of ''Berlingske'', Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, ...
) ** William Vernon, American merchant (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) *
January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
**
Benjamin Hinman Benjamin Hinman (22 January 1719 – 22 March 1810) was a surveyor, soldier and legislator. He participated in the Colonial and Revolutionary Wars and took part in the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Notably, he was present at Bernetz Brook ...
, surveyor, soldier, legislator (d.
1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * Janua ...
) ** Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge, British Earl (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) * January 23 – John Landen, English mathematician (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) *
January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dynasty ...
– Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia (d.
1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...
) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
–
Magnus Gottfried Lichtwer Magnus Gottfried Lichtwer (30 January 1719, in Wurzen – 7 July 1783, in Halberstadt) was a German fabulist. Biography His father of the same name was a jurist. The younger Lichtwer studied law at Leipzig and Wittenberg. His chief work is to ...
, German writer (d.
1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
)


February

*
February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of "Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: King ...
– Edward Coke, Viscount Coke, British politician (d.
1753 Events January–March * January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma. * January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning returns ...
) *
February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...
–
Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf (4 February 1719 at Schloss Gröben bei Ludwigsfelde, Landkreis Teltow, Brandenburg–14 December 1769 in Breslau, Silesia) was a Prussian state minister for Silesia and president of the Silesian chamber. He wa ...
, German politician (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) *
February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
–
Alberto Pullicino Alberto Pullicino (6 February 1719 – 1759), born Philiberto Pullicino, was a Maltese people, Maltese painter. The son of Giuseppe Pullicino and Angela Cantone, he was born in Valletta and probably lived there for his entire life. He mainly pain ...
, Maltese painter (d.
1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...
) * February 10 –
Clemente Sibiliato Clemente Sibiliato or Sibilato (10 February 1719 - 14 February 1795) was an Italian cleric, poet, and librarian. He was born in Bovolenta, near Padua. In a seminary of Padua, her entered religious order, and became a professor at the young age of 2 ...
, Italian cleric (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
–
Vasilije Božičković Trifun Vasilije Božičković, O.S.B.M. (or la, Basilius Bosicskovich, 1719–1785) was the last bishop of the Eparchy of Marča (1759–1777) and the first bishop of the Eparchy of Križevci from the erection in 1777 to his death in 1785. ...
, Eparch of Križevci (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
) *
February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I and Pope John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1322 – The central tower of Ely Cathedral falls on the night of 12th–13th. *1462 – The ...
** Samuel Finney, English miniature-painter (d.
1798 Events January–June * January – Eli Whitney contracts with the U.S. federal government for 10,000 muskets, which he produces with interchangeable parts. * January 4 – Constantine Hangerli enters Bucharest, as Prince of Wa ...
) ** Joseph Liesganig, Austrian astronomer and Jesuit (d.
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
) *
February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
–
David Doig David Doig FRSE LLD (1719–1800) was a Scottish educator, philologist and writer known for historical and philosophical works. He was Rector of Stirling High School from 1760 to 1800. Doig is also believed to have been the inventor of the tartan ...
, writer (d.
1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
** Wilhelm Sebastian von Belling, German general (d.
1779 Events January–March * January 11 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 11 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manip ...
) **
Jean Jacques Flipart Jean Jacques Flipart (1719 – 10 July 1782) was a French Engraving, engraver. Biography Flipart was born in Paris. His father was the engraver Jean Charles Flipart, under whom he received his initial training in the engraver's art. His bro ...
, Engraver from France (d.
1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establish ...
) ** Crown Prince Hyojang, crown prince of Joseon, son of king Yeongjo of Joseon (d.
1728 Events January–March * January 5 – The '' Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana'', the oldest university in Cuba, is founded in Havana. * January 9 – The coronation of Peter II as the Tsar of t ...
) * February 18 – Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger, German physician (d.
1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...
) *
February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the worship of pagan ...
– Arthur Blennerhassett, Anglo-Irish politician (d.
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
) *
February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawned by Norway to Scotland ...
** Joseph Bellamy, American pastor, author and educator (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) ** Charles Clarke, English numismatist (d.
1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow ...
) * February 22 –
Joshua Thomas Joshua Thomas (1719–1797) was a Welsh writer and Particular Baptist minister, known for his history of Welsh Baptists. Life He was the eldest son of Morgan Thomas of Tyhên in the parish of Caio, Carmarthenshire, where he was born on 22 Febr ...
, Historian of Welsh Baptists (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) *
February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
– Moses Mather, American clergyman (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
–
Alejandro González Velázquez Alejandro González Velázquez (27 February 1719 – 1772), was a Spanish late-Baroque architect and painter. Velázquez was born in Madrid into a family of artists; his father Pablo González Velázquez and brothers Luis González Velázquez, Lu ...
, Spanish architect and painter (d.
1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...
)


March

* March 1 –
Daniel Thurston Daniel Thurston (March 1, 1719, Bradford, Massachusetts - July 14, 1805, Bradford, Massachusetts), was an Officer during the American Revolution, a member of the Committee of Safety and a member of the committee drafting the Massachusetts State C ...
, American army officer (d.
1805 After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created. * February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
) * March 4 –
George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot (4 March 1719 – 11 May 1777) was twice the British President of the British East India Company. Life Pigot was the eldest son of Richard Pigot of Westminster, by his wife Frances, daughter of Peter Goode, a Hug ...
, British governor of Madras (d.
1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
) * March 6 **
João Carlos de Bragança, 2nd Duke of Lafões Dom João Carlos de Bragança e Ligne de Sousa Tavares Mascarenhas da Silva, 2nd Duke of Lafões, 4th Marquis of Arronches and 8th Count of Miranda do Corvo (Lisbon, 6 March 1719 – Lisbon, 10 November 1806) was a politician and a Portuguese nob ...
, Portuguese politician (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) * March 10 –
Pierre-Paul Lemercier de La Rivière de Saint-Médard Pierre-Paul Le Mercier de La Rivière (10 March 1719 – 27 November 1801) was a French colonial administrator and physiocrat economist. Mercier was a councilor at the Parliament of Paris, intendant at Martinique in the West Indies (1759-1764), an ...
, French economist (d.
1801 Events January–March * January 1 ** The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the abolition of the Parliament of I ...
) * March 13 –
John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden Field Marshal John Griffin Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, 1st Baron Braybrooke (13 March 1719 – 25 May 1797), (born Whitwell), KB, of Audley End in Essex, was a British nobleman and soldier. He served as a junior officer with the ...
, British nobleman and soldier (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * March 16 – Prince Georg Ludwig of Holstein-Gottorp, Prussian lieutenant-general, Imperial Russian field marshal (d.
1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The Royal Colony of North Carolina officially creates Meck ...
) * March 17 – Gabriel Podoski, Catholic archbishop (d.
1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
) * March 23 –
Anna Catharina Bischoff Anna Catharina Bischoff (23 March 1719 – 30 August 1787), also known as the "Lady (or mummy) of the Barfüsser Church" was the wife of the pastor Lucas Gernler. She gained popularity in 1975, when her mummified corpse was found in a shaft at th ...
, Lady (or mummy) of the Barfüsser Church (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) * March 26 –
Lubbert Jan van Eck Lubbert Jan baron van Eck (26 March 1719, Velp, Gelderland, Velp - 1 April 1765, Colombo) was the 31st Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch period in Ceylon. Van Eck was the son of Samuel van Eck (1691-1760) and Jacoba Wilhelmina Maria Couttis (c.1 ...
, Dutch noble (d.
1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...
) * March 29 – John Hawkins, English author and music historian (d.
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
) * March 30 – John Wentworth, American jurist, soldier, leader of the American Revolution in New Hampshire (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
)


April

* April 2 ** Vincenzo Legrenzo Ciampi, Italian composer (d.
1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick t ...
) **
Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim (2 April 1719 – 18 February 1803) was a German poet, commonly associated with the Enlightenment movement. Life Gleim was born at the small town of Ermsleben in the Principality of Halberstadt, then part of Prussia ...
, German poet (d.
1803 Events * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 5 – William Symington demonstrates his ...
) * April 3 ** Daniel Dupuy, American silversmith (d.
1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
) ** Thomas Grenville, Royal Navy officer killed in action in the War of the Austrian Succession (d.
1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II Coul ...
) *
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
– Mary Draper, American revolutionary character (d.
1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * Janua ...
) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
** Reza Qoli Mirza Afshar, prince of Persia (d.
1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II Coul ...
) ** Axel von Fersen the Elder, lantmarskalk or marshal of the diet (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) *
April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. *1139 – Ro ...
– Edmund Pery, 1st Viscount Pery, Irish politician, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) * April 9 –
Sir Edward Blackett, 4th Baronet Sir Edward Blackett, 4th Baronet (9 April 17193 February 1804) was a baronet and member of the British House of Commons for Northumberland. Blackett was the son of John Blackett of Newby Park (the second son of Sir Edward Blackett, 2nd Baronet) a ...
, British politician and barrister (d.
1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * Februar ...
) * April 11 – Jakob Friedrich Heusinger, German classical philologist (d.
1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Captain James Cook, with ships HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu then Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands of the Pacific Ocean, which he na ...
) *
April 13 Events Pre-1600 *1111 – Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. 1601–1900 *1612 – In one of the epic samurai ...
– John Breynton, Welsh missionary and minister (d.
1799 Events January–June * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...
) * April 16 **
Mathieu-Antoine Bouchaud Mathieu-Antoine Bouchaud (16 April 1719 – 1 February 1804) was an 18th-century French economist and lawyer who contributed to the '' Encyclopédie'' by Diderot and d'Alembert. Werke (Auswahl) *1773: ''Théorie des traités de commerce entr ...
, French economist and professor (d.
1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * Februar ...
) ** Tsugaru Nobuaki, Japanese Daimyo (d.
1744 Events January–March * January 6 – The Royal Navy ship ''Bacchus'' engages the Spanish Navy privateer ''Begona'', and sinks it; 90 of the 120 Spanish sailors die, but 30 of the crew are rescued. * January 24 – The Dag ...
) * April 17 **
Friedrich Hensing Friedrich Wilhelm Hensing (17 April 1719 – 9 November 1745), born in Giessen, was a German professor of medicine and anatomy at the University of Giessen. The phrenicocolic ligament is called Hensing's ligament after him. Life Hensing was a s ...
, German physician (d.
1745 Events January–March * January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bavaria ...
) **
Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut (17 April 1719 – 5 May 1791) was an 18th-century French historian and writer. Short biographie The son of a horse trader, Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut became Latin teacher at the École Militaire and published ...
, French writer (d.
1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...
) ** Christian Gottfried Krause, German composer (d.
1770 Events January– March * January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort. * February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Virgi ...
) * April 19 – William Banks, British politician (d.
1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, and restore the Mughal Empire to Shah Alam II. * January 16 – Siege of Pondi ...
) * April 22 –
Jacques Rochette de La Morlière Charles-Jacques-Louis-Auguste Rochette de La Morlière, called "Le Chevalier" , (22 April 1719 – 9 February 1785) was an 18th-century French playwright. Biography An unscrupulous schemer, La Morlière first sought the support of the party of ...
, French writer (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
) * April 24 – Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti, Italian-born English literary critic and author (d.
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
) * April 28 – Sir Edward Turner, 2nd Baronet, British politician (d.
1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * January 14 – Chr ...
)


May

* May 5 – Andrew Meikle, Scottish engineer (d.
1811 Events January–March * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana. * January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón Brid ...
) * May 6 – Jean Baptiste Christy de La Pallière, French Navy officer (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) *
May 8 Events Pre-1600 * 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin. * 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...
–
Nicholas Dias Abeysinghe Nicholas Dias Abeysinghe Amarasekere Maha Mudaliyar, ( Sinhala: නිකලස් ඩයස් අබේසිංහ අමරසේකර) (8 May 1719 - 10 May 1794) was a Ceylonese Dutch colonial administrator. He was appointed as the Maha Mud ...
, ceylonese Dutch colonial administrator (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) * May 17 –
Bjarni Pálsson Bjarni Pálsson (17 May 1719 - 8 September 1779) was an Icelandic doctor and naturalist. On 18 March 1760 he was named the first Director of Health in Iceland. Life Bjarni was born in Upsum at Eyjafjörður to Páll Bjarnason and Sigríður � ...
, Icelandic doctor (d.
1779 Events January–March * January 11 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 11 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manip ...
) * May 19 **
Johann von Fries Johann Graf von Fries (19 May 1719 in Mulhouse, France – 19 June 1785 in Bad Vöslau, Lower Austria) descended from a Swiss family of bankers. He was a counsellor, director of the imperial silk factories, industrialist and banker. His house in V ...
, counsellor, director of the imperial silk factories, industrialist, banker (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
) ** Charlotte of Monaco, Monegasque princess and nun (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) ** Matthew Patten, American judge (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) * May 20 –
Roger Newdigate Sir Roger Newdigate, 5th Baronet (30 May 1719 – 23 November 1806) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1742 and 1780. He was a collector of antiquities. Early life Newdigate was born in Arbury, Warwickshire, the ...
, English politician, antiquities collector (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) * May 22 ** Charles Howard, Viscount Morpeth, British politician (d.
1741 Events January–March * January 13 – Lanesborough, Massachusetts is created as a township. * February 13 – Sir Robert Walpole, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, popularizes the term "the balance of power" in a spe ...
) ** Julia von Mengden, Russian noble (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) ** Matsudaira Nobunao, daimyo of the middle Edo period; 2nd lord of Hamamatsu, later 1st lord of Yoshida (d.
1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...
) *
May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus La ...
– Eyre Massey, 1st Baron Clarina, Irish Baron (d.
1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic, having the only successful slave revolt ever. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * Februar ...
) *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
–
Henri-Joseph Dulaurens Henri Joseph Du Laurens (sometimes ''Laurens'' or ''Dulaurens'', original name Henri Joseph Laurent, 1719–1793 or 1797) was a French defrocking, unfrocked Trinitarian Order, trinitarian monk, satirical poet and novelist, born at Douai, the son of ...
, French writer (d.
1793 The French Republic introduced the French Revolutionary Calendar starting with the year I. Events January–June * January 7 – The Ebel riot occurs in Sweden. * January 9 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fl ...
) * May 29 –
Lorenzo De Caro Lorenzo de Caro (baptised 29 May 1719 – 2 December 1777) was an Italian painter, active in the late Baroque style in his native city of Naples. Biography Decaro's biographical information is sparse, and many canvases refer to painter of Neapol ...
, Italian painter (d.
1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
) * May 31 –
Robert Rutherfurd Sir Robert Rutherfurd (31 May 1719 – 13 February 1794) was a Scottish merchant who was made a Baron of the Russian Empire. Early life Rutherfurd was born on 31 May 1719. He was the fourth son of Sir John Rutherfurd of Rutherfurd and Edgerston, a ...
, Scottish merchant, Baron of the Russian Empire (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
)


June

* June 2 – Michel-Jean Sedaine, French dramatist and librettist (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * June 3 –
Louis Paul Abeille Louis Paul Abeille List of Fellows of the Royal Society A, B, C, FRS (3 June 1719 – 28 July 1807 Paris) was a French economist. He was Inspector General of Manufactures and Commerce in 1765, and Minister of Commerce and Industry (France), secr ...
, economist (d.
1807 Events January–March * January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. * January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...
) *
June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
–
Domenico Orsini d'Aragona Domenico Orsini d'Aragona (Naples, 5 June 1719 – Rome, 10 January 1789) was an Italian, Roman Catholic Cardinal. Biography He was born to Ferdinando Bernualdo Filippo Orsini, the 14th Duke of Gravina, and his second wife, Giacinta Marescotti ...
, Italian cardinal (d.
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
) * June 10 **
Michael Gottlieb Agnethler Michael Gottlieb Agnethler (10 June 1719 – 15 June 1752) was a German botanist and numismatist. Early life Michael Agnethler was born to an aristocratic Transylvanian Saxons, Transylvanian Saxon family of Sibiu, Hermannstadt (now Sibiu, Romani ...
, German botanist and numismatist (d.
1752 In the British Empire, it was the only leap year with 355 days, as September 3–13 were skipped when the Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – The British Empire (except Scotland, which h ...
) **
Francisco Mariano Nipho Francisco Mariano Nipho (1719 in Alcañiz – 1803 in Madrid) was a Spanish writer and journalist. Nicknamed the "freak of nature", he is regarded in Spain as one of the best journalists of all time. During the reign of Charles III Char ...
, Spanish writer (d.
1803 Events * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 5 – William Symington demonstrates his ...
) * June 11 – François-Charles de Velbrück, Roman Catholic bishop (d.
1784 Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Brit ...
) * June 17 –
Joshua Parry Joshua Parry (17 June 1719 – 6 September 1776) was a Welsh nonconformist minister and writer. Life Parry was born at Llangan, Pembrokeshire, on 17 June 1719 (O.S.); his parents died in his infancy. He was first taught by a private tutor at Haver ...
, Welsh nonconformist minister and writer (d.
1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January 1 ...
) * June 19 –
Sir Thomas Clavering, 7th Baronet Sir Thomas Clavering, 7th Baronet (19 June 1719 – 14 October 1794) was a British landowner and Member of Parliament. He was the son of Sir James Clavering, 6th Baronet and succeeded to the Baronetcy of Axwell and to the family estates on the ...
, British politician (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) *
June 28 Events Pre-1600 * 1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha of Mosul at the battle of Antioch. * 1360 – Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid king of Granada after killing his brother-in-law Ismail II. * 1461 – ...
– Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, French general, diplomat, statesman (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
)


July

* July 2 –
Josip Šišković Josip Šišković (in foreign sources: József Siskovics; Josef Siskowitz; Joseph Siskovich; 2 July 1719 – February 4, 1783) was a Habsburg senior military officer and official of Croatian origin, a member of the Šišković noble family residing ...
, Hapsburg military officer (d.
1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
) * July 7 **
William de Grey, 1st Baron Walsingham William de Grey, 1st Baron Walsingham PC KC (7 July 1719 – 9 May 1781), was a British lawyer, judge and politician. He served as Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas between 1771 and 1780. de Grey was the third son of Thomas de Grey, MP, o ...
, British lawyer, judge, politician (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
) ** Johann Karl von Herberstein, Austrian bishop (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) * July 11 –
Giuseppe Toaldo Giuseppe Toaldo (Pianezze, 11 November 1719 - Padua, 11 July 1797) was an Italian Catholic priest and physicist. Biography Giuseppe Toaldo was born in 1719 in Pianezza near Vicenza. In his fourteenth year he entered the seminary of Padua, in ...
, Italian physicist (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * July 16 **
William Walond Sr. William Walond (born Oxford, baptised 16 July 1719 – died Oxford, buried 21 August 1768) was an English composer and organist. Career After four years as Assistant Organist of Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, Walond graduated from Christ Church, ...
, English composer and organist (d.
1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...
) **
Gerrit Zegelaar Gerrit Zegelaar (born Loenen aan de Vecht 16 July 1719 – Wageningen 24 July 1794) was a Dutch painter. Zegelaar was born as son of the carpenter and alderman Hendrik Zegelaar and Johanna ter Bruggen. Gerrit was a deaf mute. He settled in Amste ...
, Dutch painter (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) * July 23 –
Frances Boscawen Frances Evelyn "Fanny" Boscawen (née Glanville) (23 July 1719 – 26 February 1805) was an English literary hostess, correspondent and member of the Blue Stockings Society. She was born Frances Evelyn Glanville on 23 July 1719 at St Clere, Kemsi ...
, English literary hostess; (d.
1805 After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created. * February 7 – King Anouvong become ...
) * July 25 – Chevalier de Johnstone, Jacobite Army officer (d.
1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
) * July 26 –
Elizabeth Pakenham, 1st Countess of Longford Elizabeth Pakenham, 1st Countess of Longford (26 July 1719 (baptised) – 27 January 1794), formerly Elizabeth Cuffe, was an Irish noblewoman. She was the wife of Thomas Pakenham, 1st Baron Longford, the mother of Edward Michael Pakenham, 2nd B ...
, English noblewoman (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) * July 29 – William Innes, British Member of Parliament (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
)


August

* August 4 – Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German and Russian mineralogist (d.
1767 Events January–March * January 1 – The first annual volume of ''The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators the ...
) * August 5 –
Robert Glynn Robert Glynn, afterwards Clobery (5 August 17196 February 1800) was an English physician, known as a generous eccentric. Life Glynn was the eldest and only surviving son of Robert Glynn of Brodes in Helland parish, near Bodmin, Cornwall, who ma ...
, British doctor (d.
1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
) * August 7 **
Francisco Fabián y Fuero Francisco Fabián y Fuero (7 August 1719, in Terzaga, Aragon – 3 August 1801, in Torrehermosa) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop. Biography He studied in Calatayud and Alcalá, and was at different times rector of the colleges of San Antoni ...
, Roman Catholic archbishop (d.
1801 Events January–March * January 1 ** The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the abolition of the Parliament of I ...
) ** Jabez Huntington, American businessman 1719–1786 (d.
1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...
) * August 10 –
Philip Thicknesse Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719 – 23 November 1792) was an English author, eccentric, and friend of the artist Thomas Gainsborough. He wrote several travel guides. Early life Philip Thicknesse was born in Staffordshire, England, son of John ...
, author (d.
1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * February ...
) *
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
– George Selwyn, British politician (d.
1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...
) * August 13 – Itakura Katsuzumi, Japanese samurai (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) * August 18 – Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor, Irish politician and peer (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
) * August 19 – Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec, French soldier, diplomat (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
) * August 20 ** James Bonner, American colonel (d.
1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris goes before the United States Congress to recommend establish ...
) **
Christian Mayer Christian Mayer may refer to: * Christian Mayer (astronomer) (1719–1783), Czech astronomer and teacher *Christian Mayer (skier) (born 1972), Austrian former alpine skier *Christian Mayer (Wisconsin politician) (1827–1910), Wisconsin manufacture ...
, Czech-German astronomer (d.
1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
) * August 23 – Pierre Poivre, French horticulturalist (d.
1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...
) * August 25 ** Louis-Alexandre de Cessart, French engineer (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) ** Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo, French painter (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) * August 26 –
Carlo Sebastiano Berardi Carlo Sebastiano Berardi (b. at Oneglia, Italy, 26 August 1719; d. 3 August 1768) was an Italian Roman Catholic priest and canon lawyer. Life Having studied theology at Savona under the Piarists, he was promoted to the priesthood and then began ...
, Italian jurist (d.
1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Rep ...
)


September

* September 3 – Ferdinand Zellbell the Younger, Swedish composer (d.
1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow ...
) * September 6 – Somerset Hamilton Butler, 1st Earl of Carrick (d.
1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Pla ...
) * September 11 – Tanuma Okitsugu, Japanese government official (d.
1788 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London. * January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
) * September 13 –
Étienne Ficquet Étienne Ficquet (13 September 1719 – 11 December 1794) was a French engraver. Ficquet was born in Paris in 1719, and was instructed by G. F. Schmidt and Le Bas. He acquired great reputation by a set of small portraits which he engraved of d ...
, engraver (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) * September 15 – Friedrich Christian Meuschen, German zoologist (d.
1811 Events January–March * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana. * January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón Brid ...
) *
September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". * 1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine Empi ...
**
Edward Kimber Edward Kimber (1719–1769) was an English novelist, journalist and compiler of reference works. Life He was son of Isaac Kimber; and in early life apprentice to a bookseller, John Noon of Cheapside. He made a living by compilation and editorial ...
, British writer (d.
1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture in ...
) ** James Smith, signatory to the United States Declaration of Independence (d.
1806 Events January–March * January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. * January 5 – The body of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state in the Painted Hall ...
) * September 21 ** Larcum Kendall, British watchmaker (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) ** Johann Friedrich Mayer, agriculturalist (d.
1798 Events January–June * January – Eli Whitney contracts with the U.S. federal government for 10,000 muskets, which he produces with interchangeable parts. * January 4 – Constantine Hangerli enters Bucharest, as Prince of Wa ...
) * September 24 – Florian Baucke, Jesuit missionary (d.
1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allow ...
) * September 27 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d.
1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...
) * September 30 – François Poulletier de la Salle, chemist and medical doctor (d.
1788 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London. * January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
)


October

* October 1 – John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley, British politician (d.
1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens across the River Severn in Eng ...
) * October 3 –
Paul Henry Ourry Captain Paul Henry Ourry (1719–1783) was a Royal Navy officer and British politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1763 to 1775. Early life Ourry was the second son of Louis Ourry, a Huguenot of Blois and his wife Anne Louise Beauvais, ...
, British Member of Parliament (d.
1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ratifies two October 8, ...
) * October 7 – Jacques Cazotte, French writer (d.
1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * February ...
) * October 9 –
Georg Mathias Fuchs Georg Mathias Fuchs (9 October 1719, in Regensburg – 5 April 1797, in Copenhagen) was a German-born Danish portrait and history painter. Biography His father was the custodian of the Trinitarian church in Regensburg. He spent six years appr ...
, German painter in Denmark (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * October 10 – Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick, English Earl (d.
1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as ''Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Bucking ...
) * October 12 –
Ignaz Franz Ignaz Franz (born 12 October 1719 in Protzan near Frankenstein; died 19 August 1790 in Breslau) was a German Catholic priest, theologian and composer of church hymns. Life Franz studied philosophy and theology at the University of Breslau. In ...
, German priest, hymnwriter (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) * October 13 –
Josef Ignaz Mildorfer Josef Ignaz Mildorfer (13 Oct 1719, Innsbruck – 8 Dec 1775, Vienna), was an Austrian painter. Biography Mildorfer was born in Innsbruck, and was initially trained by his father Michael Ignaz Mildorfer. He later apprenticed with Paul Troger. ...
, Austrian painter (d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
) * October 14 – John Holker, English Jacobite soldier, industrialist and commercial spy (d.
1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed, between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...
) * October 18 – Charles Bulkley, British minister (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * October 20 –
Gottfried Achenwall Gottfried Achenwall (20 October 1719 – 1 May 1772) was a German philosopher, historian, economist, jurist and statistician. He is counted among the inventors of statistics. Biography Achenwall was born in Elbing (Elbląg) in the Polish provi ...
, German philosopher, historian, economist, jurist, statistician (d.
1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...
) * October 23 – Peter Fenger, Danish merchant (d.
1774 Events January–March * January 21 – Mustafa III, List of Ottoman Sultans, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. * January 27 ** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and f ...
) * October 24 ** Jakob Gadolin, Finnish bishop (d.
1802 Events January–March * January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they were at risk of destruction during the Ot ...
) **
Pierre Sigorgne Abbé Pierre Sigorgne (24 October 1719 – 10 November 1809) was a French educator, science popularizer, abbot and theologian. He replaced some of the ideas of Descartes with those of Newton and published a book on Newton's ideas in 1747. Sigorgn ...
, French physicist (d.
1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...
) * October 25 – Edward Townshend, Anglican dean of Norwich (d.
1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ru ...
) * October 26 ** Sir William Codrington, 2nd Baronet, British Member of Parliament (d.
1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * February ...
) **
Hyacinthe Gaëtan de Lannion Hyacinthe Gaëtan de Lannion (1719–1762) was a French politician and administrator. From 1735 to 1762 he was the Governor of Vannes in Brittany, a hereditary post he inherited from his father Anne de Lannion along with the title Count of Lannion ...
, French politician (d.
1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick t ...
) * October 30 – Lazzaro Opizio Pallavicino, Italian priest (d.
1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the ''Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffries tr ...
)


November

* November 6 –
Louis-Antoine Caraccioli Marquis Louis-Antoine Caraccioli (6 November 1719 – 29 May 1803) was a prolific French writer, poet, historian, and biographer long considered an "enemy of Philosophy" because of his extensive writings as a religious apologist. Life Caraccioli ...
, French writer, poet and historian (d.
1803 Events * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 5 – William Symington demonstrates his ...
) *
November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1277 – The Treaty of Aberconwy, a humiliating settlement f ...
– Domenico Lorenzo Ponziani, Italian chess player (d.
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
) * November 14 **
Leopold Mozart Johann Georg Leopold Mozart (November 14, 1719 – May 28, 1787) was a German composer, violinist and theorist. He is best known today as the father and teacher of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and for his violin textbook ''Versuch einer gründlichen ...
, German/Austrian composer, father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) ** Franz Ludwig Wind, Swiss sculptor (d.
1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet ''What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election a ...
) * November 17 **
Marie Marguerite Bihéron Marie Marguerite Bihéron (17 November 1719 – 18 June 1795) (also known as Marie Catherine Bihéron) was a French anatomist, known for her medical illustrations and wax figure models. Biography Bihéron was the daughter of a French apothecary ...
, Medical illustrator (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) **
Francis Home Francis Home FRSE FRCPE (17 November 1719 in Eccles, Berwickshire – 15 February 1813) was a Scottish physician, and the first Professor of Materia Medica at the University of Edinburgh, known to make the first attempt to vaccinate against ...
, Scottish physician (d.
1813 Events January–March * January 18–January 23 – War of 1812: The Battle of Frenchtown is fought in modern-day Monroe, Michigan between the United States and a British and Native American alliance. * January 24 – T ...
) * November 22 – Johann Friedrich Reiffenstein, German artist (d.
1793 The French Republic introduced the French Revolutionary Calendar starting with the year I. Events January–June * January 7 – The Ebel riot occurs in Sweden. * January 9 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fl ...
) * November 23 ** Spranger Barry, British actor (d.
1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...
) ** Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf, German publisher and typographer (d.
1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United States ...
) **
Philip Wenman, 6th Viscount Wenman Philip Wenman, 6th Viscount Wenman (23 November 1719 – 16 August 1760), was a British landowner and politician. He was the elder son of Richard Wenman, 5th Viscount Wenman, and Susanna Wenman (née Wroughton, daughter of Seymour Wroughton of ...
, Irish Viscount (d.
1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the Fr ...
) * November 30 –
Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg ( – 8 February 1772) was Princess of Wales by marriage to Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son and heir apparent of King George II. She never became queen consort, as Frederick predeceased his father ...
, Princess of Wales (d.
1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Carolin ...
)


December

* December 8 –
Andrés Marcos Burriel Andrés Marcos Burriel y López (1719–1762) was a Spanish Jesuit historian, essayist, notable for editing Miguel Venegas' ''Empresas Apostólicas'' and publishing it using Venegas' name as '' Noticia de la California'' in 1757. Biography Andrés ...
, historian (d.
1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick t ...
) * December 13 – Thomas Gillespie, North Carolina planter (d.
1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Re ...
) * December 15 – Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d.
1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took p ...
) * December 18 –
William Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Harrington General William Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Harrington (18 December 1719 – 1 April 1779) was a British politician and soldier. The son of William Stanhope, 1st Earl of Harrington, he took up a military career and joined the Foot Guards in 1741, and ...
, British Army general (d.
1779 Events January–March * January 11 – British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 11 – Ching-Thang Khomba is crowned King of Manip ...
) * December 25 – George Campbell, figure of the Scottish Enlightenment (d.
1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...
) * December 26 –
Salvatore Maria di Blasi Salvatore Maria Di Blasi (26 December 1719 – 28 April 1814) was an Italian Benedictine monk, scholar, and librarian. Biography He was born in Palermo to an aristocratic family. His brother was the erudite Giovanni Evangelista di Blasi. Salvato ...
, Italian priest (d.
1814 Events January * January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine. * January 3 ** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French garrison s ...
) * December 27 – John Phillips, American academic (d.
1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the Central England temperature, CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Uni ...
) * December 28 – Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French diplomat (d.
1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for ...
) * ''date unknown'' ** William Bradford, American revolutionary and printer (d.
1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Country ...
) ** Dominic Serres, French-born painter (d.
1793 The French Republic introduced the French Revolutionary Calendar starting with the year I. Events January–June * January 7 – The Ebel riot occurs in Sweden. * January 9 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fl ...
) ** Thomas Sheridan, Irish actor (d.
1788 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London. * January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...
) **
Thomas Elfe Thomas Elfe (1719–1775) was a Colonial history of the United States, colonial period furniture craftsman in Charleston, South Carolina, that was an English immigrant. His working career spanned almost thirty years from about 1746 to 1775. ...
, successful colonial period furniture craftsman in
Charleston, South Carolina Charleston is the largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston metropolitan area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint o ...
(d.
1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement being the April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's now-legendary ride. The Second Continental Congress t ...
)


Deaths


January

*
January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...
– William Munroe, Scottish soldier (b.
1625 Events January–March * January 17 – Led by the Duke of Soubise, the Huguenots launch a second rebellion against King Louis XIII, with a surprise naval assault on a French fleet being prepared in Blavet. * February 3 – ...
) *
January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...
– Jacob Toorenvliet, Dutch painter (b.
1640 Events January–March * January 6 – The Siege of Salses ends almost six months after it had started on June 9, 1639, with the French defenders surrendering to the Spanish attackers. * January 17 – A naval battle over ...
) * January 5 **
Carlo Berlingeri Carlo Berlingeri (1643–1719) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Archbishop of Santa Severina (1679–1719). ''(in Latin)'' Biography Carlo Berlingeri was born in Cotrone, Italy in 1643 and ordained a priest on 9 December 1668. On 27 N ...
, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Santa Severina (b.
1639 Events January–March * January 14 – Connecticut's first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. * January 19 – Hämeenlinna ( sv, Tavastehus) is granted privileges, after it separates from the Vanaja parish, ...
) ** Thomas Hay, 7th Earl of Kinnoull, Scottish peer and Conservative politician (b.
1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...
) **
Philibert Vigier Philibert Vigier (21 January 1636 – 5 January 1719) was a French sculptor. He was born in Moulins, Allier, Moulins in 1636. His brother Étienne Vigier also was a sculptor. The best-known works by Philibert Vigier were made for the Gardens of V ...
, French sculptor (b.
1636 Events January–March * January 1 – Anthony van Diemen takes office as Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), and will serve until his death in 1645. * January 18 – ''The Duke's Mistress'', the last ...
) *
January 6 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will eve ...
– Richard Hoare, banker, founder of C. Hoare & Co. (b.
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
) * January 11 –
Mizoguchi Shigemoto was the 5th ''daimyō'' of Shibata Domain in Echigo Province, Japan (modern-day Niigata Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Hōki-no-kami,'' and his Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Mizoguchi Shigemoto was the eldes ...
, Japanese daimyō (b.
1680 Events January–March * January 2 – King Amangkurat II of Mataram (located on the island of Java, part of modern-day Indonesia), invites Trunajaya, who had led a failed rebellion against him until his surrender on December ...
) *
January 16 Events Pre-1600 * 27 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus is granted the title Augustus by the Roman Senate, marking the beginning of the Roman Empire. * 378 – General Siyaj K'ak' conquers Tikal, enlarging the domain of King Spear ...
–
Petar Kanavelić Pietro Canavelli (in Italian, his personal spelling; known as Petar Kanavelić in Croatian; 27 December 1637 – 16 January 1719) was a Croatian writer who wrote poems in Croatian and Italian. He is regarded as one of the greatest Croatian writers ...
, Venetian writer (b.
1637 Events January–March * January 5 – Pierre Corneille's tragicomedy ''Le Cid'' is first performed, in Paris, France. * January 16 – The siege of Nagpur ends in what is now the Maharashtra state of India, as Kok Shah, the ...
) * January 17 – Sophie Amalie Moth, royal mistress of King Christian V of Denmark (b.
1654 Events January–March * January 6– In India, Jaswant Singh of Marwar (in what is now the state of Rajasthan) is elevated to the title of Maharaja by Emperor Shah Jahan. * January 11– In the Battle of Río Bueno in sout ...
) * January 18 – Samuel Garth, British writer (b.
1661 Events January–March * January 6 – The Fifth Monarchists, led by Thomas Venner, unsuccessfully attempt to seize control of London; George Monck's regiment defeats them. * January 29 – The Rokeby baronets, a British ...
) * January 19 – Joachim Tielke, German musical instrument maker (b.
1641 Events January–March * January 4 – The stratovolcano Mount Parker in the Philippines) has a major eruption. * January 18 – Pau Claris proclaims the Catalan Republic. * February 16 – King Charles I of England giv ...
) *
January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Constantine is crowned as co-emperor (''Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated by the Danelaw Vi ...
** William Paterson, Scottish trader and banker (b.
1658 Events January–March * January 13 – Edward Sexby, who had plotted against Oliver Cromwell, dies in the Tower of London. * January 30 – The " March Across the Belts" (''Tåget över Bält''), Sweden's use of winter ...
) **
James Winstanley James Winstanley ( 1667 – 22 January 1719) was a British lawyer and Tory politician. Born around 1667, James was the only son of Clement Winstanley of Braunstone Hall and his wife Catherine, the daughter of Sir Francis Willoughby of Wollaton Hal ...
, English Member of Parliament (b.
1667 Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's derelic ...
) * January 26 – Tikhon Streshnev, Russian noble (b.
1644 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1644). Events January–March * January 22 – The Royalist Oxford Parliament is first assembled by King ...
) *
January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to becom ...
–
Ferdinando d'Adda Ferdinando d'Adda (27 August 1649 – 27 January 1719) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal, bishop and diplomat. As a member of the family of the counts of Adda, he was a kinsman of Pope Innocent XI, who conferred upon him the titular abbacy of a fam ...
, Italian Catholic cardinal (b.
1650 Events January–March * January 7 – Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, dies after a reign of more than 63 years. The area is now part of the northeastern German state of Saxony-Anhalt. * January 18 – Cardinal Jules Ma ...
)


February

*
February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1579 – The Archdiocese of Manila is made a diocese by a papal bull with Domingo de Salazar being its first bishop. 1601–1900 * 1685 – James II of England and VII of Scotland is proclaimed King upon the death of ...
–
Köprülüzade Numan Pasha Köprülüzade Numan Pasha ( sq, Numan Pasha Kypriljoti; 1670–1719) was an Ottoman statesman who was the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire between June and August 1710. He was a member of the influential Köprülü family, as well as a ''dama ...
, Ottoman Grand Vizier (b.
1670 Events January–March * January 17 – Raphael Levy, a Jewish resident of the city of Metz in France is burned at the stake after having been accused of the September 25 abduction and ritual murder of a small child who had disa ...
) * February 12 – Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, Swedish general (b.
1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...
) *
February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Louis ...
– Carl Philipp, Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum, Prussian field Marshal (b.
1650 Events January–March * January 7 – Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, dies after a reign of more than 63 years. The area is now part of the northeastern German state of Saxony-Anhalt. * January 18 – Cardinal Jules Ma ...
) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Tiberi ...
–
Bernardino Belluzzi Bernardino Belluzzi (27 October 1642 – 15 February 1719) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Camerino (1702–1719) ''(in Latin)'' and Bishop of Montefeltro (1678–1702). ''(in Latin)'' Biography Bernardino Belluzzi was born i ...
, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Camerino (b.
1642 Events January–March * January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. * February 5 – The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England ...
) *
February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the worship of pagan ...
** Georg Heinrich von Görtz, German politician (b.
1668 Events January–March * January 23 – The Triple Alliance (1668), Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between Kingdom of England, England, Sweden and the Dutch Republic, United Provinces of the Netherlands. * February 13 &ndash ...
) **
Ryer Jacobse Schermerhorn Ryer Jacobse Schermerhorn (June 23, 1652 – February 19, 1719) was a merchant, politician and judge in provincial New York. He was the progenitor of the Schenectady branch of the Schermerhorn family. Early life Schermerhorn was born on June 23, ...
, merchant (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
) * February 22 –
Pakubuwono I of Mataram Pakubuwono I (also as Pakubuwana I, before his reign was known as Pangeran Puger), uncle of Amangkurat III of Mataram was a combatant for the succession of the Mataram dynasty, both as a co-belligerent during the Trunajaya rebellion (from 1677 t ...
, Sultan of Mataram (b.
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
) *
February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
– Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg, German Lutheran clergy (b.
1682 Events January–March * January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months. * January 12 – Scottish minister James Ren ...
) *
February 25 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Roman emperor Hadrian adopts Antoninus Pius as his son, effectively making him his successor. * 628 – Khosrow II, the last great Shah of the Sasanian Empire (Iran), is overthrown by his son Kavadh II. ...
– Giovanni Maria Casini, Italian composer (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
) *
February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantinople ...
– Johann Ernst, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (b.
1664 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral exactly once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+50(L)+10(X)+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1664). Events January–March * January 5 – In the Battle of Surat in India, the Maratha leader, Chhat ...
) *
February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople closes. *1525 – Aztec king Cuauhtémoc is executed on ...
– Boris Sheremetev, Russian noble (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
)


March

* March 1 – Richard Ingoldesby, British Army officer, lieutenant governor of New York and New Jersey (b.
1617 Events January–June * February 27 – The Treaty of Stolbovo ends the Ingrian War between Sweden and Russia. Sweden gains Ingria and Kexholm. * April 14 – Second Battle of Playa Honda: The Spanish navy defeats a Dutch f ...
) * March 3 –
Jacques-Louis de Valon Jacques Louis Valon, Marquis de Mimeure (19 November 1659, Dijon – 3 March 1719) was a French soldier and poet. Menin to Louis, Dauphin of France (1661–1711), he entered on a military career and became lieutenant général. Louis XIV of Franc ...
, French poet (b.
1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...
) *
March 7 Events Pre-1600 * 161 – Marcus Aurelius and L. Commodus (who changes his name to Lucius Verus) become joint emperors of Rome on the death of Antoninus Pius. * 1138 – Konrad III von Hohenstaufen was elected king of Germany at Cob ...
** Thomas Butler, 6th Viscount Ikerrin, Irish viscount (b.
1683 Events January–March * January 5 – The Brandenburger Gold Coast, Brandenburger—African Company, of the German state of Brandenburg, signs a treaty with representatives of the Ahanta people, Ahanta tribe (in what is now Ghan ...
) **
Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius Heinrich Bernhard Rupp (or Ruppius) (born 22 August 1688 in Giessen, died 7 March 1719 in Jena) was a German botanist. He first studied Medicine in 1704 and met then Johann Jacob Dillenius (1684-1747). He first studied in Iena in 1711, then in Leid ...
, German botanist (b.
1688 Events January–March * January 2 – Fleeing from the Spanish Navy, French pirate Raveneau de Lussan and his 70 men arrive on the west coast of Nicaragua, sink their boats, and make a difficult 10 day march to the city of Oco ...
) **
Steven Jacobsz Vennekool Steven Jacobsz Vennekool (1660–1719) was an 18th-century architect from the Northern Netherlands. He was born and died in Amsterdam. He was an assistant to Jacob van Campen, along with Pieter Post, Arent van 's Gravesande, Bartholomeus D ...
, Dutch architect (b.
1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...
) * March 9 –
Peeter van Bredael Pieter van Bredael or Peeter van Bredael (1629–1719) was a Flemish painter specializing in market scenes and village feasts set in Italianate landscapes or contemporary, usually, urban environments. Life Pieter van Bredael was born in Antwe ...
, Flemish painter (b.
1629 Events January–March * January 7– Henry Frederick, Hereditary Prince of the Palatinate, the 15-year-old son of the German Palatinate elector, Frederick V, drowns in an accident while sailing to Amsterdam. * January 19&nd ...
) * March 10 – Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, French architect (b.
1679 Events January–June * January 24 – King Charles II of England dissolves the "Cavalier Parliament", after nearly 18 years. * February 3 – Moroccan troops from Fez are killed, along with their commander Moussa ben Ahmed be ...
) *
March 12 Events Pre-1600 * 538 – Vitiges, king of the Ostrogoths ends his siege of Rome and retreats to Ravenna, leaving the city to the victorious Byzantine general, Belisarius. * 1088 – Election of Urban II as the 159th Pope of the Cat ...
– Giuseppe Antonio Torricelli, Italian artist (b.
1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...
) * March 13 –
Johann Friedrich Böttger Johann Friedrich Böttger (also Böttcher or Böttiger; 4 February 1682 – 13 March 1719) was a German alchemist. Böttger was born in Schleiz and died in Dresden. He is normally credited with being the first European to discover the secret of th ...
, Saxon alchemist (b.
1682 Events January–March * January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months. * January 12 – Scottish minister James Ren ...
) *
March 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1074 – Battle of Mogyoród: Dukes Géza and Ladislaus defeat their cousin Solomon, King of Hungary, forcing him to flee to Hungary's western borderland. * 1590 – Battle of Ivry: Henry of Navarre and the Huguen ...
–
Mary Hamilton "Mary Hamilton", or "The Fower Maries" ("The Four Marys"), is a common name for a well-known sixteenth-century ballad from Scotland based on an apparently fictional incident about a lady-in-waiting to a Queen of Scotland. It is Child Ballad 1 ...
, executed Russian lady-in-waiting (b.
1684 Events January–March * January 5 – King Charles II of England gives the title Duke of St Albans to Charles Beauclerk, his illegitimate son by Nell Gwyn. * January 15 (January 5 O.S.) - To demonstrate that the River Thames, froz ...
) * March 17 –
Isaac de Larrey Isaac de Larrey, Sieur of Grandchamp and Courménil, born, according to some biographers 7 September 1638 in Lintot, near Bolbec and according to the majority, in Montivilliers, 25 January 1639 – 17 March 1719) was a French historian. To fre ...
, French historian (b.
1638 Events January–March * January 4 – **A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet. **A fleet of 80 ...
) * March 19 ** Isaac Addington, functionary of the colonial government of Massachusetts (b.
1645 Events January–March * January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the ''Directory for Public Worship'' in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not ...
) **
Giambattista Spínola Jr. Giambattista Spinola Jr. (1646–1719) was the nephew of Giambattista Spinola (seniore) and like his uncle a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. At various times he served as a papal legate in such places as Bologna Bologna (, , ; egl, ...
, Roman Catholic cardinal (b.
1646 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+5(V)+1(I) = 1646). Events January–March * January 5 – The English House of Commons approves a bill to provide for Ireland ...
)


April

*
April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – ...
– Thomas Powys, English politician and judge; (b.
1649 Events January–March * January 4 – In England, the Rump Parliament passes an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice, to try Charles I for high treason. * January 17 – The Second Ormonde Peace concludes an allian ...
) *
April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The second Fatimid invasion of Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah, sets out from Raqqada at the head of his a ...
– Edward Colston, politician (b.
1670 Events January–March * January 17 – Raphael Levy, a Jewish resident of the city of Metz in France is burned at the stake after having been accused of the September 25 abduction and ritual murder of a small child who had disa ...
) * April 7 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French priest, education reformer, saint in the Catholic Church (b.
1651 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles II is crowned King of Scots at Scone ( his first crowning). * January 24 – Parliament of Boroa in Chile: Spanish and Mapuche authorities meet at Boroa, renewing the fragile ...
) * April 14 – Giovanni Tommaso Rovetta, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Hvar (b.
1632 Events January–March * January – The Holland's Leguer, a brothel in London, is closed after having been besieged for a month. * February 22 – Galileo's ''Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems'' is pub ...
) * April 15 – Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, mistress and later secret wife of King Louis XIV of France (b.
1635 Events January–March * January 23 – 1635 Capture of Tortuga: The Spanish Navy captures the Caribbean island of Tortuga off of the coast of Haiti after a three-day battle against the English and French Navy. * January 25 ...
) * April 16 –
Ketevan of Kakheti Ketevan the Martyr ( ka, ქეთევან წამებული, tr) (c. 1560 – September 13, 1624) was a queen consort of Kakheti, a kingdom in eastern Georgia. She was regent of Kakheti during the minority of her son Teimuraz I of ...
, princess (batonishvili) of eastern Georgia (b.
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
) * April 19 **
Gabriel-Philippe de La Hire Gabriel-Philippe de La Hire (25 July 1677 – 4 June 1719) was a French scientist, son of the astronomer Philippe de la Hire, who also contributed to astronomy but made some contributions to medicine and other sciences as well. La Hire (or Philip ...
, French scientist (b.
1677 Events January–March * January 1 – Jean Racine's tragedy ''Phèdre'' is first performed, in Paris. * January 21 – The first medical publication in America (a pamphlet on smallpox) is produced in Boston. * February 15 ...
) ** Peter Petrovich, Russian Tsarevich, heir to the Russian throne from February 1718 to his death in 1719 (b.
1715 Events For dates within Great Britain and the British Empire, as well as in the Russian Empire, the "old style" Julian calendar was used in 1715, and can be converted to the "new style" Gregorian calendar (adopted in the British Empire i ...
) *
April 21 Events Pre-1600 *753 BC – Romulus founds Rome ( traditional date). * 43 BC – Battle of Mutina: Mark Antony is again defeated in battle by Aulus Hirtius, who is killed. Antony fails to capture Mutina and Decimus Brutus is murdered ...
**
Sir Thomas Cave, 3rd Baronet Sir Thomas Cave, 3rd Baronet DL (19 April 1681 – 21 April 1719) of Stanford Hall, Leicestershire was a British Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1711 to 1719. Cave was the eldest son of Sir Roger Cave, 2nd Baronet and his f ...
, British politician (b.
1681 Events January–March * January 1 – Prince Muhammad Akbar, son of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, initiates a civil war in India. With the support of troops from the Rajput states, Akbar declares himself the new Mughal Emperor ...
) ** Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b.
1640 Events January–March * January 6 – The Siege of Salses ends almost six months after it had started on June 9, 1639, with the French defenders surrendering to the Spanish attackers. * January 17 – A naval battle over ...
) * April 24 –
Hyacinthe Robillard d'Avrigny Hyacinthe Robillard d'Avrigny (1675, Caen – 24 April 1719) was a French Jesuit , image = Ihs-logo.svg , image_size = 175px , caption = ChristogramOfficial seal of the Jesuits , abbreviation = SJ ...
, Jesuit (b.
1675 Events January–March * January 5 – Franco-Dutch War – Battle of Turckheim: The French defeat Austria and Brandenburg. * January 29 – John Sassamon, an English-educated Native Americans in the United States, Nati ...
) *
April 27 Events Pre-1600 * 247 – Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome with a celebration of the ''ludi saeculares''. * 395 – Emperor Arcadius marries Aelia Eudoxia, daughter of the Frankish general Flavius Bauto. She becomes one of ...
–
Laurentius Christophori Hornæus Laurentius Christophori Hornaeus or also known as Lars Christophri Hornæus (1645 – April 27, 1719), was a priest of the Church of Sweden. He was the parish vicar of Torsåker and Ytterlännäs, Sweden, and known for his role during the Torsåke ...
, Swedish witch hunter (b.
1645 Events January–March * January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the ''Directory for Public Worship'' in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not ...
) * April 28 – Farrukhsiyar,
Mughal Mughal or Moghul may refer to: Related to the Mughal Empire * Mughal Empire of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries * Mughal dynasty * Mughal emperors * Mughal people, a social group of Central and South Asia * Mughal architecture * Mug ...
Emperor (b.
1685 Events January–March * January 6 – American-born British citizen Elihu Yale, for whom Yale University in the U.S. is named, completes his term as the first leader of the Madras Presidency in India, administering the colony ...
)


May

* May 3 – Pierre Le Gros the Younger, sculptor from France (b.
1666 This is the first year to be designated as an ''Annus mirabilis'', in John Dryden's 1667 poem so titled, celebrating England's failure to be beaten either by the Dutch or by fire. It is the only year to contain each Roman numeral once in de ...
) * May 5 –
Prince Yeollyeong Prince Yeollyeong (; June 13, 1699 – October 2, 1719) was the sixth son of King Sukjong of Joseon. His name was Yi Hwon () while his birth name was "Insu" (); the prince's courtesy name was "Munsuk" () and he acquired the title "Prince Yeollyeo ...
, Korean prince (b.
1699 Events January–March * January 5 – A violent Java earthquake damages the city of Batavia on the Indonesian island of Java, killing at least 28 people * January 20 – The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size ...
) * May 7 – Sebastiano Bombelli, Italian painter (b.
1635 Events January–March * January 23 – 1635 Capture of Tortuga: The Spanish Navy captures the Caribbean island of Tortuga off of the coast of Haiti after a three-day battle against the English and French Navy. * January 25 ...
) * May 13 ** Richard Dyott, English politician; (b.
1667 Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's derelic ...
) ** John Lenton, English composer, violinist, and singer (b.
1657 Events January–March * January 8 – Miles Sindercombe and his group of disaffected Levellers are betrayed, in their attempt to assassinate Oliver Cromwell, by blowing up the Palace of Whitehall in London, and arrested. * Febru ...
) * May 21 –
Pierre Poiret Pierre Poiret Naudé (15 April 1646 – 21 May 1719) was a prominent French mystic and Christian philosopher. He was born in Metz and died in Rijnsburg. Life and accomplishments After the early death of his parents, he supported himself by ...
, French philosopher and mystic (b.
1646 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+5(V)+1(I) = 1646). Events January–March * January 5 – The English House of Commons approves a bill to provide for Ireland ...
) * May 23 **
Gerhard Treschow Gerhard Treschow (c.1659 – 23 May 1719) was a Danish-Norwegian merchant and industrial pioneer. Treschow was an important industrial pioneer who founded several companies in Christiania and he was one of the first Norwegians to produce large ...
, Norwegian businessman (b.
1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...
) **
Lucia Wijbrants Lucia Wijbrants or Wybrants (October 21, 1638 in Amsterdam – May 23, 1719 in Utrecht) was the daughter of Johannes Wijbrants, a silk merchant, whose ancestors had moved from Stavoren to Antwerp. After 1585 when Antwerp was occupied by the Spani ...
, Dutch artist (b.
1638 Events January–March * January 4 – **A naval battle takes place in the Indian Ocean off of the coast of Goa at South India as a Netherlands fleet commanded by Admiral Adam Westerwolt decimates the Portuguese fleet. **A fleet of 80 ...
) *
May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &ndash ...
– Thomas Newport, 1st Baron Torrington, British politician and baron (b.
1655 Events January–March * January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan. * January 7 – Pope Innocent X, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States, dies after more than 10 years of rule. * Febr ...
) * May 29 **
Joseph de Jouvancy Joseph de Jouvancy (also Jouvency; Latinised Josephus Juvencius) (14 September 1643 – 29 May 1719 Rome ) was a French poet, pedagogue, philologist, and historian. Life Jouvancy was born in Paris on 14 September 1643. At the age of sixteen he ...
, French historian (b.
1643 Events January–March * January 21 – Abel Tasman sights the island of Tonga. * February 6 – Abel Tasman sights the Fiji Islands. * March 13 – First English Civil War: First Battle of Middlewich – Roundheads ...
) **
Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Baronet Sir Alexander Seton of Pitmedden, 1st Baronet, Lord Pitmedden (c. 1639 – 29 May 1719) was a Scottish advocate, a Senator of the College of Justice, a Lord of Justiciary, and a Commissioner. Early life Seton was the youngest son of John S ...
, Scottish baronet (b.
1639 Events January–March * January 14 – Connecticut's first constitution, the Fundamental Orders, is adopted. * January 19 – Hämeenlinna ( sv, Tavastehus) is granted privileges, after it separates from the Vanaja parish, ...
) **
Abraham Trommius Abrahamus Trommius (August 23, 1633 — May 29, 1719), also known as Abraham Trom, was a Dutch pastor and Reformed theologian. He belonged to the Dutch Reformed Church. He is known for his concordance to the Bible, nicknamed ''De Trommius''. Car ...
, Dutch theologian (b.
1633 Events January–March * January 20 – Galileo Galilei, having been summoned to Rome on orders of Pope Urban VIII, leaves for Florence for his journey. His carriage is halted at Ponte a Centino at the border of Tuscany, where ...
) * May 31 – Edmund Dunch, English politician (b.
1657 Events January–March * January 8 – Miles Sindercombe and his group of disaffected Levellers are betrayed, in their attempt to assassinate Oliver Cromwell, by blowing up the Palace of Whitehall in London, and arrested. * Febru ...
)


June

* June 2 –
Charles Le Goux de La Berchère Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "f ...
, French prelate (b.
1647 Events January–March * January 2 – Chinese bandit leader Zhang Xianzhong, who has ruled the Sichuan province since 1644, is killed at Xichong by a Qing archer after having been betrayed one of his officers, Liu Jinzhong. ...
) *
June 5 Events Pre-1600 *1257 – Kraków, in Poland, receives city rights. *1283 – Battle of the Gulf of Naples: Roger of Lauria, admiral to King Peter III of Aragon, destroys the Neapolitan fleet and captures Charles II of Naples, Charles ...
–
Jean-Baptiste Delaveyne Dom Jean-Baptiste Delaveyne, O.S.B., (1653-1719)L'aventure d'un homme:Jean- ...
, French monk, priest and religious founder (b.
1653 Events January–March * January 3 – By the Coonan Cross Oath, the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage. * January– The Swiss Peasant War begins after magistrates meeting at Lucerne ...
) *
June 6 Events Pre-1600 * 913 – Constantine VII, the eight-year-old illegitimate son of Leo VI the Wise, becomes nominal ruler of the Byzantine Empire under the regency of a seven-man council headed by Patriarch Nicholas Mystikos, appointed b ...
**
Louis Ellies Dupin Louis Ellies du Pin or Dupin (17 June 1657 – 6 June 1719) was a French ecclesiastical historian, who was responsible for the ''Nouvelle bibliothèque des auteurs ecclésiastiques''. Childhood and education Dupin was born at Paris, coming from a ...
, French historian and theologian (b.
1657 Events January–March * January 8 – Miles Sindercombe and his group of disaffected Levellers are betrayed, in their attempt to assassinate Oliver Cromwell, by blowing up the Palace of Whitehall in London, and arrested. * Febru ...
) ** Rafi ud-Darajat, 10th Mughal Emperor (b.
1699 Events January–March * January 5 – A violent Java earthquake damages the city of Batavia on the Indonesian island of Java, killing at least 28 people * January 20 – The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size ...
) * June 7 – John Addenbrooke, English doctor and benefactor (b.
1680 Events January–March * January 2 – King Amangkurat II of Mataram (located on the island of Java, part of modern-day Indonesia), invites Trunajaya, who had led a failed rebellion against him until his surrender on December ...
) * June 17 **
Fitzherbert Adams Fitzherbert Adams D.D. (1651 – 17 June 1719) was a man of learning, and benefactor of the University of Oxford. Adams was educated at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he took his Master's degree on 4 June 1675, that of Bachelor of Divinity on ...
, Academic administrator, clergyman, and benefactor (b.
1651 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles II is crowned King of Scots at Scone ( his first crowning). * January 24 – Parliament of Boroa in Chile: Spanish and Mapuche authorities meet at Boroa, renewing the fragile ...
) ** Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright and politician (b.
1672 Events January–March * January 2 – After the government of England is unable to pay the nation's debts, King Charles II decrees the Stop of the Exchequer, the suspension of payments for one year "upon any warrant, secur ...
) * June 19 ** Howell Davis, Welsh pirate (b.
1690 Events January–March * January 2 – The Ottoman Empire defeats Serbian rebels and Austrian troops in battle at Kaçanik Gorge, prompting more than 30,000 Serb refugees to flee northward from Kosovo, Macedonia and Sandžak to the Aus ...
) ** Thomas Meredyth, Irish soldier and politician (b.
1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...
) *
June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius' battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, starting ...
–
Willem Kerricx Willem Kerricx or Willem Kerricx the Elder (2 July 1652, in Dendermonde – 20 June 1719, in Antwerp) was a Flemish sculptor active in Antwerp.
, Flemish sculptor (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
) *
June 21 Events Pre-1600 * 533 – A Byzantine expeditionary fleet under Belisarius sails from Constantinople to attack the Vandals in Africa, via Greece and Sicily (approximate date). * 1307 – Külüg Khan is enthroned as Khagan of the Mo ...
**
Jules Louis Bolé, marquis de Chamlay Jules-Louis Bolé de Chamlay (1650–1719) was a French soldier and diplomat. He was born in a noble family; his father was procureur of the Paris Parlement. Chamlay had a classical education, and the fought in the French army during the Franco-D ...
, French diplomat (b.
1650 Events January–March * January 7 – Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, dies after a reign of more than 63 years. The area is now part of the northeastern German state of Saxony-Anhalt. * January 18 – Cardinal Jules Ma ...
) **
Domingo de Valencia Domingo de Valencia (1647 – 21 Jun 1719) was a Roman Catholic prelate who was appointed as Bishop of Nueva Caceres (1718).1647 Events January–March * January 2 – Chinese bandit leader Zhang Xianzhong, who has ruled the Sichuan province since 1644, is killed at Xichong by a Qing archer after having been betrayed one of his officers, Liu Jinzhong. ...
) *
June 23 Events Pre-1600 * 229 – Sun Quan proclaims himself emperor of Eastern Wu. * 1266 – War of Saint Sabas: In the Battle of Trapani, the Venetians defeat a larger Genoese fleet, capturing all its ships. * 1280 – The Spanish Re ...
– Christopher Wandesford, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer, Member of Parliament (b.
1684 Events January–March * January 5 – King Charles II of England gives the title Duke of St Albans to Charles Beauclerk, his illegitimate son by Nell Gwyn. * January 15 (January 5 O.S.) - To demonstrate that the River Thames, froz ...
) * June 26 – Frederick William I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (b.
1682 Events January–March * January 7 – The Republic of Genoa forbids the unauthorized printing of newspapers and all handwritten newssheets; the ban is lifted after three months. * January 12 – Scottish minister James Ren ...
)


July

* July 5 – Samuel Schotten, German rabbi (b.
1644 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1644). Events January–March * January 22 – The Royalist Oxford Parliament is first assembled by King ...
) * July 16 **
James Keill James Keill (27 March 1673 – 16 July 1719) was a Scottish physician, philosopher, medical writer and translator. He was an early proponent of mathematical methods in physiology. Life Born in Edinburgh on 27 March 1673 the son of Sarah Cockburn ...
, Scottish physician, philosopher, medical writer and translator (b.
1673 Events January–March * January 22 – Impostor Mary Carleton is hanged at Newgate Prison in London, for multiple thefts and returning from penal transportation. * February 10 – Molière's ''comédie-ballet'' ''The Imagi ...
) ** Johann Ulrich Kraus, Illustrator, engraver and publisher (b.
1655 Events January–March * January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan. * January 7 – Pope Innocent X, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States, dies after more than 10 years of rule. * Febr ...
) ** Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, English general (b.
1641 Events January–March * January 4 – The stratovolcano Mount Parker in the Philippines) has a major eruption. * January 18 – Pau Claris proclaims the Catalan Republic. * February 16 – King Charles I of England giv ...
) * July 17 – Elinor James, British pamphleteer (b.
1644 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1644). Events January–March * January 22 – The Royalist Oxford Parliament is first assembled by King ...
) * July 19 –
Anna Katharina Block Anna Katharina Block (1642–1719) was a German Baroque flower painter. Biography She was born Anna Katharina Fischer in Nuremberg. According to Houbraken she was the daughter of the flower painter Johann Thomas Fischer who taught her to paint.< ...
, German Baroque (b.
1642 Events January–March * January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. * February 5 – The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England ...
) * July 21 ** Robert Clicquot, French pipeorgan builder (b.
1645 Events January–March * January 3 – The Long Parliament adopts the ''Directory for Public Worship'' in England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland, replacing the Book of Common Prayer (1559). Holy Days (other than Sundays) are not ...
) **
Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Berry (born Marie Louise Élisabeth, Mademoiselle d'Orléans; 20 August 1695 – 21 July 1719) was Duchess of Berry by marriage to the French prince Charles, Duke of Berry. She is known affectionately by the mo ...
, French princess (b.
1695 It was also a particularly cold and wet year. Contemporary records claim that wine froze in the glasses in the Palace of Versailles. Events January–March * January 7 (December 28, 1694 O.S.) – The United Kingdom's last joint monarch ...
) * July 22 ** Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford, English lawyer and politician (b.
1649 Events January–March * January 4 – In England, the Rump Parliament passes an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice, to try Charles I for high treason. * January 17 – The Second Ormonde Peace concludes an allian ...
) ** Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, Italian painter and engraver (b.
1654 Events January–March * January 6– In India, Jaswant Singh of Marwar (in what is now the state of Rajasthan) is elevated to the title of Maharaja by Emperor Shah Jahan. * January 11– In the Battle of Río Bueno in sout ...
) * July 27 – Cornelis de Graeff II., Lords of Purmerland and Ilpendam (b.
1671 Events January–March * January 1 – The Criminal Ordinance of 1670, the first attempt at a uniform code of criminal procedure in France, goes into effect after having been passed on August 26, 1670. * January 5 – The B ...
) * July 28 – Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (b.
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
) * July 30 –
Giambattista Felice Zappi Giambattista Felice Zappi (1667 – 30 July 1719) was an Italian poet. Biography A native of Imola, he studied there and then in Bologna, where he graduated at only 13 under Ulisse Giuseppe Gozzadini, bishop of Imola and later cardinal. In 1687 h ...
, poet from Italy (b.
1667 Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's derelic ...
)


August

*
August 2 Events Pre-1600 *338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean. *216 BC – The Carthaginian arm ...
– Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Polish prince (b.
1669 Events January–March * January 2 – Pirate Henry Morgan of Wales holds a meeting of his captains on board his ship, the former Royal Navy frigate ''Oxford'', and an explosion in the ship's gunpowder supply kills 200 of his crew ...
) * August 3 –
Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths (also spelled Greiffenklau and Vollrads) (1652–1719) was the Prince-Bishop of Würzburg from 1699 to 1719. Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths was born in Amorbach on 13 February 1652, the ...
, Prince-Bishop of Wurzburg (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
) * August 5 – Date Tsunamura, Japanese daimyō at the center of the Date Sōdō (b.
1659 Events January–March * January 14 – In the Battle of the Lines of Elvas, fought near the small city of Elvas in Portugal during the Portuguese Restoration War, the Spanish Army under the command of Luis Méndez de Haro suff ...
) * August 7 – Richard Farington, English politician (b.
1644 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1644). Events January–March * January 22 – The Royalist Oxford Parliament is first assembled by King ...
) * August 8 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German painter (b.
1667 Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's derelic ...
) * August 9 – Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton, English and Scottish politician (b.
1649 Events January–March * January 4 – In England, the Rump Parliament passes an ordinance to set up a High Court of Justice, to try Charles I for high treason. * January 17 – The Second Ormonde Peace concludes an allian ...
) *
August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and founde ...
– Leonard Goffiné, German Catholic priest and writer (b.
1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...
) *
August 14 Events Pre-1600 * 74 BC – A group of officials, led by the Western Han minister Huo Guang, present articles of impeachment against the new emperor, Liu He, to the imperial regent, Empress Dowager Shangguan. The articles, enumerating t ...
– Alexander Grant, Scottish army officer (b.
1674 Events January–March * January 2 – The French West India Company is dissolved after less than 10 years. * January 7 – In the Chinese Empire, General Wu Sangui leads troops into the Giuzhou province, and soon takes cont ...
) * August 18 –
Heinrich von Cocceji Heinrich Freiherr von Cocceji (25 March 1644 – 18 August 1719) was a German jurist from Bremen. He studied in Leiden and Oxford and was appointed professor of law at Heidelberg (1672) and in Utrecht (1688). Named ''Geheimrat'' and marquis, he ...
, Dutch scholar (b.
1644 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+(-1(I)+5(V)) = 1644). Events January–March * January 22 – The Royalist Oxford Parliament is first assembled by King ...
) * August 19 –
Carl Hildebrand von Canstein Carl or Karl Hildebrand von Canstein (4 August 1667 – 19 August 1719), Baron or Count of Canstein, was a German aristocrat who founded the Canstein Bible Institute (german: Cansteinsche Bibelanstalt) in Halle, Brandenburg-Prussia, the firs ...
, German theologian, jurist and writer (b.
1667 Events January–March * January 11 – Aurangzeb, monarch of the Mughal Empire, orders the removal of Rao Karan Singh as Maharaja of the Bikaner State (part of the modern-day Rajasthan state of India) because of Karan's derelic ...
) * August 30 – Daniel Cronström, Swedish architect (b.
1655 Events January–March * January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan. * January 7 – Pope Innocent X, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States, dies after more than 10 years of rule. * Febr ...
)


September

* September 7 – John Harris, English writer, scientist, Anglican priest (b.
1666 This is the first year to be designated as an ''Annus mirabilis'', in John Dryden's 1667 poem so titled, celebrating England's failure to be beaten either by the Dutch or by fire. It is the only year to contain each Roman numeral once in de ...
) * September 8 – Carlo Cignani, Italian painter (b.
1628 Events January–March * January 19 – (26 Jumada al-Awwal 1037 A.H.) The reign of Salef-ud-din Muhammad Shahryar as the Mughal Emperor, Shahryar Mirza, comes to an end a little more than two months after the November 7 dea ...
) * September 16 – Henrich Danckwardt, Swedish military personnel (b.
1670 Events January–March * January 17 – Raphael Levy, a Jewish resident of the city of Metz in France is burned at the stake after having been accused of the September 25 abduction and ritual murder of a small child who had disa ...
) * September 18 ** Shah Jahan II, Mughal emperor (b.
1696 Events January–March * January 21 – The Great Recoinage of 1696, Recoinage Act, passed by the Parliament of England to pull counterfeit silver coins out of circulation, becomes law.James E. Thorold Rogers, ''The First Nine Y ...
) **
Johannes Jacobus Rau Johann Jakob Rau Latinized as Johannes Jacobus Rau (with the variants Rouw or Ravius) (1668 – 18 September 1719) was a Dutch surgeon and anatomist who made advances in lithotomy or the treatment of urinary stones. Rau was born in Baden-Baden, to ...
, German physician (b.
1668 Events January–March * January 23 – The Triple Alliance (1668), Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between Kingdom of England, England, Sweden and the Dutch Republic, United Provinces of the Netherlands. * February 13 &ndash ...
) * September 19 ** Frans Anneessens, leader of a Brussels guild, decapitated for involvement in uprisings (b.
1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...
) ** Jan Weenix, Dutch painter (b.
1642 Events January–March * January 4 – First English Civil War: Charles I attempts to arrest six leading members of the Long Parliament, but they escape. * February 5 – The Bishops Exclusion Act is passed in England ...
) * September 21 –
Johann Heinrich Acker Johann Heinrich Acker (12 August 1647 – 21 September 1719) was a German writer. He sometimes wrote under the name of Melissander. He was taught in his native city of Naumburg and at the regional school of Pforta (Schulpforta). Beginning in 16 ...
, German historian (b.
1647 Events January–March * January 2 – Chinese bandit leader Zhang Xianzhong, who has ruled the Sichuan province since 1644, is killed at Xichong by a Qing archer after having been betrayed one of his officers, Liu Jinzhong. ...
) * September 22 ** Magdalena Sibylla of Holstein-Gottorp, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp (b.
1631 Events January–March * January 23 – Thirty Years' War: Sweden and France sign the Treaty of Bärwalde, a military alliance in which France provides funds for the Swedish army invading northern Germany. * February 5 &ndash ...
) ** Hans Schack, 2nd Count of Schackenborg, Danish nobleman (b.
1676 Events January–March * January 29 – Feodor III of Russia, Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia. * January 31 – Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, the oldest institution of higher education in Central America, is fo ...
) * September 25 – Michel Félibien, French historian and writer (b.
1665 Events January–March * January 5 – The ''Journal des sçavans'' begins publication of the first scientific journal in France. * February 15 – Molière's comedy '' Dom Juan ou le Festin de pierre'', based on the Spanis ...
) * September 27 – George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b.
1662 Events January–March * January 4 – Dziaddin Mukarram Shah becomes the new Sultan of Kedah, an independent kingdom on the Malay Peninsula, upon the death of his father, Sultan Muhyiddin Mansur. * January 10 – At the ...
) * September 29 – Jean Orry, French economist (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
)


October

* October 1 – Margaret Hughes, British actress (b.
1630 Events January–March * January 2 – A shoemaker in Turin is found to have the first case of bubonic plague there as the plague of 1630 begins spreading through Italy. * January 5 – A team of Portuguese military advisers ...
) * October 3 – Johann Gregor Thalnitscher, Carniolan lawyer, scholar of ancient inscriptions, chronicler, historian (b.
1655 Events January–March * January 5 – Emperor Go-Sai ascends to the throne of Japan. * January 7 – Pope Innocent X, leader of the Roman Catholic Church and the Papal States, dies after more than 10 years of rule. * Febr ...
) * October 7 –
Pierre Remond de Montmort Pierre Remond de Montmort was a French mathematician. He was born in Paris on 27 October 1678 and died there on 7 October 1719. His name was originally just Pierre Remond. His father pressured him to study law, but he rebelled and travelled to E ...
, French mathematician (b.
1678 Events January–March * January 10 – England and the Dutch Republic sign a mutual defense treaty in order to fight against France. * January 27 – The first fire engine company (in what will become the United States) goe ...
) * October 9 – Charles Louis Bretagne de La Trémoille, French noble (b.
1683 Events January–March * January 5 – The Brandenburger Gold Coast, Brandenburger—African Company, of the German state of Brandenburg, signs a treaty with representatives of the Ahanta people, Ahanta tribe (in what is now Ghan ...
) * October 11 ** Samuel Jones, English Dissenter and tutor (b.
1681 Events January–March * January 1 – Prince Muhammad Akbar, son of the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, initiates a civil war in India. With the support of troops from the Rajput states, Akbar declares himself the new Mughal Emperor ...
) ** Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda, Spanish Field Marshal (b.
1663 Events January–March * January 10 – The Royal African Company is granted a Royal Charter by Charles II of England. * January 23 – The Treaty of Ghilajharighat is signed in India between representatives of the Mughal ...
) * October 14 –
Arnold Houbraken Arnold Houbraken (28 March 1660 – 14 October 1719) was a Dutch painter and writer from Dordrecht, now remembered mainly as a biographer of Dutch Golden Age painters. Life Houbraken was sent first to learn ''threadtwisting'' (Twyndraat) fr ...
, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b.
1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...
) *
October 15 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – Following the death of Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, Edgar the Ætheling is proclaimed King of England by the Witan; he is never crowned, and concedes power to William the Conqueror two months later. * 1211 ...
– Jan Mortel, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b.
1652 Events January–March * January 8 – Michiel de Ruyter marries the widow Anna van Gelder and plans retirement, but months later becomes a vice-commodore in the First Anglo-Dutch War. * February 4 – At Edinburgh, the parl ...
) * October 25 – Catharina Wallenstedt, Swedish writer and courtier (b. 1627) * October 26 – Laurens van der Meulen, Flemish sculptor (b.
1643 Events January–March * January 21 – Abel Tasman sights the island of Tonga. * February 6 – Abel Tasman sights the Fiji Islands. * March 13 – First English Civil War: First Battle of Middlewich – Roundheads ...
) * October 27 –
François Baert François Baert (25 August 1651 – 27 October 1719) was a Jesuit hagiographer, one of the Bollandists, from the Spanish Netherlands. Born in Ypres on 25 August 1651, Baert entered the Society of Jesus at the novitiate of Mechlin, 28 September 1 ...
, Belgian hagiographer (b.
1651 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles II is crowned King of Scots at Scone ( his first crowning). * January 24 – Parliament of Boroa in Chile: Spanish and Mapuche authorities meet at Boroa, renewing the fragile ...
) * October 28 ** Jean Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes, French-Canadian explorer and soldier (b.
1668 Events January–March * January 23 – The Triple Alliance (1668), Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between Kingdom of England, England, Sweden and the Dutch Republic, United Provinces of the Netherlands. * February 13 &ndash ...
) **
Martinus Nellius Martinus Nellius (1621 – 1719) was a Dutch Golden Age still life painter. Biography According to the RKD it is unknown where he was born, but he is first registered in Leiden in 1674 and from 1676 in The Hague, where he later died.
, Dutch Golden Age painter (b.
1621 Events January–March * January 12 – Şehzade Mehmed, the 15-year old half-brother of Ottoman Sultan Osman II, is put to death by hanging on Osman's orders. Before dying, Mehmed prays aloud that Osman's reign as Sultan be rui ...
)


November

* November 2 –
Georg Johann Mattarnovi Georg Johann Mattarnovi (russian: Георг Иванович Маттарнови, ''Georg Ivanovich Mattarnovi''; died 2 November 1719) was a German Baroque architect and sculptor, notable for his work in Saint Petersburg.V.K. Dmitriyev А ...
, German architect (b.
1677 Events January–March * January 1 – Jean Racine's tragedy ''Phèdre'' is first performed, in Paris. * January 21 – The first medical publication in America (a pamphlet on smallpox) is produced in Boston. * February 15 ...
) * November 3 –
Jan Claesz Rietschoof Jan Claesz Rietschoof (1651–1719) was a Dutch Golden Age painter of seascapes. Biography According to Houbraken he learned painting first from Abraham Liedts, and later from the renowned seascape painter Ludolf Bakhuizen.