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Murid
In Sufism, a (Arabic ) is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title , or . A or Sufi follower only becomes a when he makes a pledge () to a . The equivalent Persian term is . The initiation Initiation is a rite of passage marking entrance or acceptance into a group or society. It could also be a formal admission to adulthood in a community or one of its formal components. In an extended sense, it can also signify a transformatio ... process of a is known as () or . Before initiation, a is instructed by his guide, who must first accept the initiate as his disciple. Throughout the instruction period, the typically experiences waridates like visions and dreams during personal spiritual awrads and exercises. These visions are interpreted by the . A common practice among the early Sufi orders was to grant a or a robe to the upon the initiation or after he had progressed through a series ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warid (Sufism)
The wārid (plural: wāridāt) is the divine effect of and practice on the of and and in Islamic sufism. Presentation The is a result of in the Sufi tradition, and while the can be seen as an offering from the murid to Allah above the seven heavens, the can be seen as a retribution from the to the of the or . The access with his to transcendent knowledge and spiritual status. Blessings The have impacts on and depending upon their ability to receive them. This litany can cause absence with the flow of these on the . Kinds The is present in the practice of , and under different genres: Citations * Ahmad ibn Ajiba said: * Ibn Ata Allah al-Iskandari said: Misconducts Hazem Abu Ghazaleh said about Sufis' misconducts about the waridates: See also * Wird (Sufism), Wird References {{Authority control Sufism Spiritual practice Language and mysticism Arabic words and phrases Islamic belief and doctrine Islamic terminology ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wird (Sufism)
The wird (plural: awrād) is a regular litany and a mystical invocation practiced by , and in Islamic sufism. Presentation In Sufism, the murid's transformation and salvation is done by the practice of special disciplines such as performance of dhikr, remembrance of Allah and his prophet Muhammad, and wird as special invocations, and Quranic recitations, or doing Salah. The wird is then viewed as a devotion or liturgy specific to a particular Sufi order or Tariqa in which the substance is defined and based on dhikr and wird. Sufis designated specific times devoted to Allah and the specific dhikr recited on these occasions. An initiate murid is given the secret wird of the Sufi order upon completion of training, transferring the spiritual power of the silsila of transmission from the founder of the order and Muhammad, to the initiate. Taking wird is equivalent to full initiation into the Sufi tariqa. Benefits Wird is like a spiritual medication taken by the murid every ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muqarrab (Sufism)
The Muqarrab () is a major spiritual stage ( maqām) that the and (novices and followers of Sufism) reach in their ascetic quest within Islamic Sufism. Presentation Being close to God (''Allah'') is one of the main goals of worship (ibadah) and mysticism (Sufism) in the religion of Islam. This proximity accompanied by intimacy and modesty allows the Muslim to escape the idleness of the ghaflah and thus to reach the firmament of fanaa in which personal human attributes are diluted and dissolved in order to leave room for contemplation and the ishq accompanying the baqaa state which returns the Sufi to the commonality of mortal life while maintaining his radiant qalb in the state of yaqeen. Islamic ethics and deontology of this path of spiritual rapprochement must keep the murid in the wake of the rabbaniyya which does not aim to accomplish fantastic feats as much as it aspires to live hidayah and ma'rifa in a peaceful and moderate way. Approach and attraction The s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wasil (Sufism)
In Sufism, a ''wāṣil'' (; 'one who reaches') is a murid or salik who accomplished and finished crossing the path of ''sulūk''. Presentation The ''wāṣil'' is the sufi who has reached the spiritual stage where the divine Hijab is unveiled on his qalb. When the ''Hijab'' is unveiled on the qalb of the ''salik'' and the '' tajalli'' manifests itself before him, one speaks that the sufi has reached the maqam of the ''wuṣūl'' (). Indeed, the good niyyah of the ''murid'' to follow the mystical path of ''suluk'' introduces him into the phase of ''salik'' which hangs him on a spiritual cord which connects his ''qalb'' to divine mercy. Kinds The ''wāṣil'' is presented in sufism according to several qualities which are: * Siddiq *Wali *Al-Insān al-Kāmil * Rabbani * Majzoob * Muqarrab * See also *Talibe *Murid *Salik A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb ''salaka'' which means to travel or follow, related to ''sulūk'' "pathway". ''Sulūk'' here specifically ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Language
Persian ( ), also known by its endonym and exonym, endonym Farsi (, Fārsī ), is a Western Iranian languages, Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian languages, Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian languages, Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages. Persian is a pluricentric language predominantly spoken and used officially within Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan in three mutual intelligibility, mutually intelligible standard language, standard varieties, respectively Iranian Persian (officially known as ''Persian''), Dari, Dari Persian (officially known as ''Dari'' since 1964), and Tajik language, Tajiki Persian (officially known as ''Tajik'' since 1999).Siddikzoda, S. "Tajik Language: Farsi or not Farsi?" in ''Media Insight Central Asia #27'', August 2002. It is also spoken natively in the Tajik variety by a significant population within Uzbekistan, as well as within other regions with a Persianate society, Persianate history in the cultural sphere o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murshid
''Murshid'' () is Arabic for "guide" or "teacher", derived from the root ''r-sh-d'', with the basic meaning of having integrity, being sensible, mature. Particularly in Sufism it refers to a Spiritual director, spiritual guide. The term is frequently used in Sufi orders such as the Naqshbandiyya, Qadiriyya, Qādiriyya, Chishti Order, Chishtiya, Shadhiliya and Suhrawardiyya. The path of Sufism starts when a student (murid) takes an oath of allegiance or ''Bay'ah'' (''bai'ath'') with a spiritual guide (''murshid''). In speaking of this initiatory pact of allegiance, the Qur’ān (48:10) says: ''Verily they who pledge unto thee their allegiance pledge it unto none but God. The Hand of God is above their hands''.Cf. Martin Lings, ''What is Sufism'', Islamic Texts Society, Cambridge, p. 125. The murshid's role is to spiritually guide and verbally instruct the disciple on the Sufi path, but "only one who has himself reached the End of the path is a spiritual guide in the full sense of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Majzoob (Sufism)
In Sufism, the Majzoob or Majzub (, plural: مَجَاذِيبٌ ''majazib, majazeeb'') is a mystical station ( ḥāl) that the Muslim saint (wali) underwent in his journey within Islamic sufism to reach the posture ( maqām) of reacher ( wasil) and perfect man (al-Insān al-Kāmil). Presentation ''Majzoobs'' are such murids whose hearts ( qulub) are soaked, immersed and illuminated with anwar and asrar even before they engage in adhkar and awrad. They do not first engage in dhikr until God illumines their hearts and guides them from the very inception. After being illumined with divine lights, they engage in recitation and invocation which is not a hard task for them because in their state it is just as breathing is. Duncan Forbes said: John Thompson Platts said: Ra Gohar Shahi said: Muḥammad Fasī al-Dīn said: Since the ''Majzoob'' is a wasil who has approached and reached the pinnacle of Sufism, the Sufis ascribe all sorts of Karamat and powers to them, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sālik
A sālik is a follower of Sufism, from the verb ''salaka'' which means to travel or follow, related to ''sulūk'' "pathway". ''Sulūk'' here specifically refers to a spiritual path, i.e. the combination of the two "paths" that can be followed in religion, the exoteric path or shariah, and the esoteric path or haqiqa. The "path" metaphor is derived from the Qur'an: see sura 16, (An-Nahl, The Bees), ayat 69: :''faslukī subula rabbiki dhululan'' "and follow the ways of your Lord made easy or you, which uses the imperative of the verb ''salaka'' which means to follow or to travel. A ''sālik'' is also called murid when one becomes a disciple to one particular spiritual teacher (murshid) or a Sufi master. See also * Tariqa * Talibe * Murid In Sufism, a (Arabic ) is a novice committed to spiritual enlightenment by (traversing a path) under a spiritual guide, who may take the title , or . A or Sufi follower only becomes a when he makes a pledge () to a . The equivalen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mouride Brotherhood
The Mouride brotherhood (, ''aṭ-Ṭarīqat al-Murīdiyyah'' or simply , ''al-Murīdiyyah'') is a large ''tariqa'' (Sufi order) most prominent in Senegal and The Gambia with headquarters in the city of Touba, which is a holy city for the order. Adherents are called Mourides, from the Arabic word '' murīd'' (literally "one who desires"), a term used generally in Sufism to designate a disciple of a spiritual guide. The beliefs and practices of the Mourides constitute Mouridism. Mouride disciples call themselves ''taalibé'' in Wolof and must undergo a ritual of allegiance called ''njebbel'', as it is considered highly important to have a sheikh "spiritual guide" in order to become a Mouride. The Mouride brotherhood was founded in 1883 in Senegal by Amadou Bamba. The Mouride make up around 40 percent of the total population, and their influence over everyday life can be seen throughout Senegal. History Founding The Mouride brotherhood was founded in 1883 in Senegal by ''Shaykh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khirqa
The khirqa is the initiatory cloak of the Sufi chain of spirituality, with which esoteric knowledge and barakah is passed from the Murshid or the Sheikh, Shaikh to the aspirant murid. The khirqa initiates an aspirant into the silsilah, the chain or lineage of sheikhs that goes back to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. This chain serves as the channel through which barakah flows from the source of spiritual revelation to the being of the initiate. Subdivisions There are two kinds of this kind of transmission (tanakkul) of barakah through the khirqa: khirqa-yi irada and khirqa-yi tabarruk. Khirqa-yi irada is characterized by the passing of barakah to the aspirant from the singular sheikh to which they have pledged allegiance (bay'at). Khirqa-yi tabarruk, also known as the "frock of blessing", is characterized by the passing of barakah to the worthy aspirant from any sheikh that they have encountered. The silsilah chain created from the passing of the khirqa that confirms authenticity ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Murshid
''Murshid'' () is Arabic for "guide" or "teacher", derived from the root ''r-sh-d'', with the basic meaning of having integrity, being sensible, mature. Particularly in Sufism it refers to a Spiritual director, spiritual guide. The term is frequently used in Sufi orders such as the Naqshbandiyya, Qadiriyya, Qādiriyya, Chishti Order, Chishtiya, Shadhiliya and Suhrawardiyya. The path of Sufism starts when a student (murid) takes an oath of allegiance or ''Bay'ah'' (''bai'ath'') with a spiritual guide (''murshid''). In speaking of this initiatory pact of allegiance, the Qur’ān (48:10) says: ''Verily they who pledge unto thee their allegiance pledge it unto none but God. The Hand of God is above their hands''.Cf. Martin Lings, ''What is Sufism'', Islamic Texts Society, Cambridge, p. 125. The murshid's role is to spiritually guide and verbally instruct the disciple on the Sufi path, but "only one who has himself reached the End of the path is a spiritual guide in the full sense of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
