Rhynchodeminae is a subfamily of

land planarians Geoplanidae is a family of flatworms known commonly as land planarians or land flatworms. These flatworms are mainly predators of other invertebrates, which they hunt, attack and capture using physical force and the adhesive and digestive proper ...

with a worldwide distribution.

Phylogeny and systematics

Based on morphological evidence, especially the presence of a single pair of eyes, the subfamily Rhynchodeminae initially encompassed only the species in the current tribe

Rhynchodemini Rhynchodemini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae Rhynchodeminae is a subfamily of land planarians with a worldwide distribution. Phylogeny and systematics Based on morphological evidence, especially the presence of ...

and was considered the sister group of subfamily

Microplaninae Microplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians. Description The subfamily Microplaninae was defined by Ogren and Kawakatsu (1988)Ogren, R. E. and Kawakatsu, M. (1988). ''Index to the species of the family Rhynchodemidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, ...

.Ogren, R. E. and Kawakatsu, M. (1988). ''Index to the species of the family Rhynchodemidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Rhynchodeminae.'' Bulletin of Fujis Women's College. 26: 39-91. The remaining tribes were considered closely related to the subfamily

Geoplaninae Geoplaninae is a subfamily of land planarians endemic to the Neotropical region. Members of this family are sometimes referred to as the Neotropical land planarians. However, one species, '' Obama nungara'' has been introduced in Europe. Descri ...

due to the presence of multiple eyes along the body. However, molecular studies revealed that this classification was artificial and that the Rhynchodeminae were closely related to

Caenoplaninae Caenoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae mostly found throughout the Australasian and Oceanian realms. Description The tribe Caenoplanini is defined as containing land planarians with multiple eyes along the bod ...

. Therefore, recent classification puts the former Rhynchodeminae as a tribe, Rynchodemini, inside an expanded subfamily Rhynchodeminae that also contains the tribes

Anzoplanini Anzoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae Rhynchodeminae is a subfamily of land planarians with a worldwide distribution. Phylogeny and systematics Based on morphological evidence, especially the presence of a ...

Caenoplanini Caenoplanini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae mostly found throughout the Australasian and Oceanian realms. Description The tribe Caenoplanini is defined as containing land planarians with multiple eyes along the bod ...

, Eudoxiatoplanini and

Pelmatoplanini Pelmatoplaninini is a tribe of land planarians in the subfamily Rhynchodeminae. Description The tribe Pelmatoplaninini is defined as containing land planarians with a narrow body with tapered anterior end. The eyes are numerous and clustered alo ...

. This group is supported by molecular phylogeny, but there are no known

synapomorphies In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to ...

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q11945659 Geoplanidae