This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

List of hardware

The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “electronic computing machine” (russian: электронная вычислительная машина).

Ministry of Radio Technology

Computer systems from the

Ministry of Radio Technology The Ministry of Radio Technology (Minradioprom; russian: Министерство радиопромышленности) was a government ministry Ministry or department (also less commonly used secretariat, office, or directorate) are designat ...

: * Agat (Агат) —

Apple II The Apple II (stylized as ) is an 8-bit home computer and one of the world's first highly successful mass-produced microcomputer products. It was designed primarily by Steve Wozniak; Jerry Manock developed the design of Apple II's foam-mold ...

clone *

ES EVM The ES EVM (russian: Единая система электронных вычислительных машин (ЕС ЭВМ), translit=Yedinaya sistema electronnykh vytchislitel'nykh mashin (ES EVM), "Unified System of Electronic Computers"), o ...

(ЕС ЭВМ),

IBM mainframe IBM mainframes are large computer systems produced by IBM since 1952. During the 1960s and 1970s, IBM dominated the large computer market. Current mainframe computers in IBM's line of business computers are developments of the basic design of t ...

clone * ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ),

IBM PC compatible IBM PC compatible computers are similar to the original IBM PC, XT, and AT, all from computer giant IBM, that are able to use the same software and expansion cards. Such computers were referred to as PC clones, IBM clones or IBM PC clones ...

* M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers *

Minsk Minsk ( be, Мінск ; russian: Минск) is the capital and the largest city of Belarus, located on the Svislach (Berezina), Svislach and the now subterranean Nyamiha, Niamiha rivers. As the capital, Minsk has a special administrative stat ...

(Минск) * Poisk ( Поиск) — IBM PC XT clone *

Setun Setun (russian: Сетунь) was a computer developed in 1958 at Moscow State University. It was built under the leadership of Sergei Sobolev and Nikolay Brusentsov. It was the most modern ternary computer, using the balanced ternary numeral ...

(Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer. * Strela (Стрела) * Ural (Урал) — mainframe series * Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)

Ministry of Instrument Making

Computer systems from the

Ministry of Instrument Making The Ministry of Instrument-Making, Automation Devices and Control Systems (Minpribor; russian: Министерство приборостроения, средств автоматизации и систем управления) was a government ...

: *

Aragats Mount Aragats ( hy, Արագած, ) is an isolated four-peaked volcano massif in Armenia. Its northern summit, at above sea level, is the highest point of the Lesser Caucasus and Armenia. It is also one of the highest points in the Armenian Hi ...

( Арагац) *

Iskra ''Iskra'' ( rus, Искра, , ''the Spark'') was a political newspaper of Russian socialist emigrants established as the official organ of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). History Due to political repression under Tsar Nic ...

(Искра) — common name for many computers with different architecture ** Iskra-1030 —

Intel 8086 The 8086 (also called iAPX 86) is a 16-bit microprocessor chip designed by Intel between early 1976 and June 8, 1978, when it was released. The Intel 8088, released July 1, 1979, is a slightly modified chip with an external 8-bit data bus (allow ...

XT clone * KVM-1 (КВМ-1) * SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were

PDP-11 The PDP-11 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) from 1970 into the 1990s, one of a set of products in the Programmed Data Processor (PDP) series. In total, around 600,000 PDP-11s of all models were so ...

clones, while some others were

HP 2100 The HP 2100 is a series of 16-bit minicomputers that were produced by Hewlett-Packard (HP) from the mid-1960s to early 1990s. Tens of thousands of machines in the series were sold over its twenty-five year lifetime, making HP the fourth largest m ...

, VAX or

Intel Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the devel ...

compatible

Ministry of the Electronics Industry

Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry: * Elektronika (Электроника) family ** DVK family (ДВК) —

clones ** Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer ** UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like **

Elektronika 60 The Electronika 60 (russian: Электроника 60) is a computer made in the Soviet Union by Elektronika in Voronezh. Overview Alone the ''Electronika 60'' is a rack-mounted computer with no built-in display or storage devices. It was u ...

, Elektronika 100 ** Elektronika 85 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11) ** Elektronika 85.1 — Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11) ** Elektronika D3-28 ** Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone

Soviet Academy of Sciences

* BESM (БЭСМ) — series of

mainframe A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterpris ...

s * Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone *

Elbrus Mount Elbrus ( rus, links=no, Эльбрус, r=Elbrus, p=ɪlʲˈbrus; kbd, Ӏуащхьэмахуэ, 'uaşhəmaxuə; krc, Минги тау, Mingi Taw) is the highest and most prominent peak in Russia and Europe. It is situated in the we ...

(Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series * Kronos (Кронос) * MESM (МЭСМ) — first Soviet Union computer (1950) *

M-1 M1, M01 or M-1 may refer to: Arts, entertainment & media * WD-M01 Turn A Gundam, a mecha from the anime ''Turn A Gundam'' * M-1 (rapper), one half of hip hop duo Dead Prez * Korg M1, a keyboard synthesizer * Leica M1, a 1959 35 mm camera mo ...

— one of the earliest stored program computers (1950-1951)

ZX Spectrum clones

* ATM Turbo * Dubna 48K - running at half the speed of the original *

Hobbit Hobbits are a fictional race of people in the novels of J. R. R. Tolkien. About half average human height, Tolkien presented hobbits as a variety of humanity, or close relatives thereof. Occasionally known as halflings in Tolkien's writings, ...

Pentagon In geometry, a pentagon (from the Greek language, Greek πέντε ''pente'' meaning ''five'' and γωνία ''gonia'' meaning ''angle'') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. The sum of the internal angles in a simple polygon, simple pentagon is ...

* Radon 'Z' *

Scorpion Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones. They have eight legs, and are easily recognized by a pair of grasping pincers and a narrow, segmented tail, often carried in a characteristic forward curve over the back and always endi ...

Other

* 5E** (5Э**) series - military computers ** 5E51 (5Э51) ** 5E53 (5Э53) ** 5E76 (5Э76) - IBM/360 clone, military version ** 5E92 (5Э92) ** 5E92b (5Э92б) * A series —

-compatible military computers *

Argon Argon is a chemical element with the symbol Ar and atomic number 18. It is in group 18 of the periodic table and is a noble gas. Argon is the third-most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere, at 0.934% (9340 ppmv). It is more than twice as a ...

— a series of military real-time computers * AS-6 (АС-6) - multiprocessor computing complex, name is Russian abbreviation for "Connection Equipment - 6" * Dnepr ( Днепр) * GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) - Hybrid Computer System * Irisha ( Ириша) * Juku (Юку) —

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and t ...

n school computer *

Kiev Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the seventh-most populous city in Europe. Ky ...

( Киев) * Korvet ( Корвет) *

Krista Krista is a female given name, a mostly North European ( Finland, Estonia and Sweden) variant of the male name Christian. The name Krista can be spelled with a "Ch", making it Christa. It means "Follower of Christ". People named Krista * Krista ...

( Криста) * Micro-80 (Микро-80) — experimental PC, based on 8080-compatible processor * Microsha ( Микроша) — modification of Radio-86RK * MIR, МИР ( :uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", :uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2") *

Nairi Nairi ( classical hy, Նայիրի, ''Nayiri'', reformed: Նաիրի, ''Nairi''; , also ''Na-'i-ru'') was the Akkadian name for a region inhabited by a particular group (possibly a confederation or league) of tribal principalities in the Armeni ...

(Наири) *

Orion-128 The Orion-128 (russian: Орион-128) is a DIY computer designed in Soviet Union. It was featured in the ''Radio'' magazine in 1990, other materials for the computer were published until 1996. It was the last Intel 8080-based DIY computer in Ru ...

(Орион-128) * Promin ( Проминь) * PS-2000, PS-3000 — multiprocessor supercomputers in the

1980s File:1980s replacement montage02.PNG, 420px, From left, clockwise: The first Space Shuttle, ''Columbia'', lifts off in 1981; US president Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev ease tensions between the two superpowers, leading to t ...

* Razdan ( Раздан) *

Radon Radon is a chemical element with the symbol Rn and atomic number 86. It is a radioactive, colourless, odourless, tasteless noble gas. It occurs naturally in minute quantities as an intermediate step in the normal radioactive decay chains through ...

— real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense * Radio-86RK — simplified and modified version of Micro-80 * Sneg (Снег) *

Specialist Specialist may refer to: Occupations * Specialist (rank), a military rank ** Specialist (Singapore) * Specialist (arena football) * Specialist degree, in academia * Specialty (medicine) * Designated market maker, in the American stock market * ...

(Специалист) * SVS * TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1) * TIA-MC-1 An arcade system * UM (УМ) * UT-88 * Vesna and Sneg — early mainframes

List of operating systems

*For Kronos ** Kronos *For BESM ** D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68) ** DISPAK (“Диспетчер Пакетов,” Dispatcher of the Packets) **

DUBNA Dubna ( rus, Дубна́, p=dʊbˈna) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia. It has a status of '' naukograd'' (i.e. town of science), being home to the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, an international nuclear physics research center and one ...

(“ДУБНА”) *For

** DOS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”) ** OS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”) * For SM EVM ** RAFOS (РАФОС), FOBOS (ФОБОС) and FODOS (ФОДОС) — RT-11 clones ** OSRV (ОСРВ) — RSX-11M clone, one of the most popular Soviet multi-user systems **

DEMOS Demos may refer to: Computing * DEMOS, a Soviet Unix-like operating system * DEMOS (ISP), the first internet service provider in the USSR * Demos Commander, an Orthodox File Manager for Unix-like systems * plural for Demo (computer programming ...

— BSD-based Unix-like; later was ported to x86 and some other architectures ** INMOS (ИНМОС, Инструментальная мобильная операционная система) *For 8-bit microcomputers **

MicroDOS CP/M, originally standing for Control Program/Monitor and later Control Program for Microcomputers, is a mass-market operating system created in 1974 for Intel 8080/ 85-based microcomputers by Gary Kildall of Digital Research, Inc. Initially ...

(МикроДОС) — CP/M 2.2 clone *For ZX Spectrum clones **

iS-DOS iS-DOS is a disk operating system (DOS) for Soviet/Russian ZX Spectrum clones. iS-DOS was developed in 1990 or 1991, by Iskra Soft, in Leningrad, Soviet Union, now Saint Petersburg, Russia. It handles floppy disks (double sided, double densit ...

, TASiS ** DNA-OS *For different platforms **

MISS Miss (pronounced ) is an English language honorific typically used for a girl, for an unmarried woman (when not using another title such as " Doctor" or " Dame"), or for a married woman retaining her maiden name. Originating in the 17th century, ...

(Multipurpose Interactive timeSharing System) -

ES1010,

ES1045, D3-28M, PC-compatible, etc. * MOS (operating system) - a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s

References

External links

Russian Virtual Computer MuseumMuseum of the USSR Computers history''Pioneers of Soviet Computing''Archive software and documentation for Soviet computers UK-NC, DVK and BK0010.
* {{DEFAULTSORT:Soviet computer systems Computing-related lists