FLY is a family of

phenethylamine Phenethylamine (PEA) is an organic compound, natural monoamine alkaloid, and trace amine, which acts as a central nervous system stimulant in humans. In the brain, phenethylamine regulates monoamine neurotransmission by binding to trace ami ...

and

benzofuran Benzofuran is the heterocyclic compound consisting of fused benzene and furan rings. This colourless liquid is a component of coal tar. Benzofuran is the structural nucleus (parent compound) of many related compounds with more complex stru ...

psychedelics possessing a benzodifuran or similar

ring system A ring system is a disc or torus orbiting an astronomical object that is composed of solid material such as dust, meteoroids, planetoids, moonlets, or stellar objects. Ring systems are best known as planetary rings, common components of sate ...

. The FLY drugs were so-named because of the resemblance of their

chemical structure A chemical structure of a molecule is a spatial arrangement of its atoms and their chemical bonds. Its determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target m ...

s to flying insects like

dragonflies A dragonfly is a flying insect belonging to the infraorder Anisoptera below the order Odonata. About 3,000 extant species of dragonflies are known. Most are tropical, with fewer species in temperate regions. Loss of wetland habitat threate ...

and

butterflies Butterflies are winged insects from the lepidopteran superfamily Papilionoidea, characterized by large, often brightly coloured wings that often fold together when at rest, and a conspicuous, fluttering flight. The oldest butterfly fossi ...

. They are analogues of 2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamines in which the 2- and 5-position

methoxy group In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula . On a benzene ring, the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the ''para'' position a ...

s have been cyclized into

furan Furan is a Heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic Ring (chemistry), ring with four carbon Atom, atoms and one oxygen atom. Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as f ...

and/or

tetrahydrofuran Tetrahydrofuran (THF), or oxolane, is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)4O. The compound is classified as heterocyclic compound, specifically a cyclic ether. It is a colorless, water- miscible organic liquid with low viscosity. It is ...

ring (The) Ring(s) may refer to: * Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry * To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell Arts, entertainment, and media Film and TV * ''The Ring'' (franchise), a ...

s. They may be 2C, DOx, 25-NB, or other FLY versions of psychedelic phenethylamines. Examples of different types of FLY drugs, in the case of the base psychedelic 2C-B, include 2C-B-FLY, 2C-B-DRAGONFLY, 2C-B-BUTTERFLY, and 2C-B-MOTH. BromoDragonFLY (DOB-DragonFLY) is known for its very high potency and its

toxicity Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacteria, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect o ...

overdose A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended. Retrieved on September 20, 2014.

. 2C-B-FLY was

Ann Shulgin Laura Ann Shulgin ( Gotlieb; March 22, 1931 – July 9, 2022) was an American author and the wife of chemist Alexander Shulgin, with whom she wrote ''PiHKAL'' and '' TiHKAL''. Life and career Laura Ann Gotlieb Detailed biography of Ann Shulgin ...

's favorite

research chemical Research chemicals are chemical substances which scientists use for medical and scientific research purposes. One characteristic of a research chemical is that it is for laboratory research use only; a research chemical is not intended for human ...

. According to

Alexander Shulgin Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American biochemist, broad researcher of synthetic psychoactive compounds, and author of works regarding these, who independently explored the organic chemistry and ph ...

, active doses or dose ranges of FLY drugs are 2.5 to 10mg orally for 2C-B-FLY, 1mg orally for DOB-FLY, and 100μg intramuscularly for Bromo-DragonFLY (but it is also orally active). Other sources provide dose ranges of 0.2 to 0.8mg orally for Bromo-DragonFLY, 1mg orally for DOB-FLY, and 10 to 18mg for 2C-B-FLY. Several of the FLY drugs have been shown to act as potent

serotonin Serotonin (), also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), is a monoamine neurotransmitter with a wide range of functions in both the central nervous system (CNS) and also peripheral tissues. It is involved in mood, cognition, reward, learning, ...

5-HT₂ receptor

agonist An agonist is a chemical that activates a Receptor (biochemistry), receptor to produce a biological response. Receptors are Cell (biology), cellular proteins whose activation causes the cell to modify what it is currently doing. In contrast, an R ...

List of FLY drugs

2C FLY drugs

* 2C-B-FLY * 2C-B-BUTTERFLY * 2C-B-DRAGONFLY * 2C-B-MOTH * 2CB-5-hemifly * 2C-C-FLY * 2C-I-FLY * 2C-D-FLY * 2C-E-FLY * 2C-EF-FLY * 2C-T-7-FLY

DOx FLY drugs

* Bromo-DragonFLY (DOB-Dragonfly; DOB-DFLY) * DOB-FLY (3C-B-FLY) * DOB-2-DRAGONFLY-5-BUTTERFLY * DOB-5-HEMIFLY (Bromo-Semi-FLY; B-SF) * DOB-MOTH * DOI-2-HEMIFLY * DOM-FLY * DOMOM-FLY *

DragonFLY A dragonfly is a flying insect belonging to the infraorder Anisoptera below the order Odonata. About 3,000 extant species of dragonflies are known. Most are tropical, with fewer species in temperate regions. Loss of wetland habitat threat ...

(DFLY) * FLY (DOH-FLY) * Semi-FLY * TFMFly

25-NB FLY drugs

* 2C-B-Fly-NBOMe (NBOMe-2CB-Fly) * 2C-B-DragonFLY-NBOH * 2C-B-FLY-NB2EtO5Cl

Other FLY drugs

* Mescaline-FLY (flyscaline)

References

External links

"FLY" - Isomer Design
{{Chemical classes of psychoactive drugs Alexander Shulgin FLY (psychedelics) Psychedelic phenethylamines