FC Spartak Moscow

FC Spartak Moscow (, ) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and 10 Russian championships (a record jointly held with Zenit St Petersburg), it is the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups, 4 Russian Cups and one Russian Super Cup. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of UEFA Europa League, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup.

History

Foundation and early period (1883–1941)

In the early days of Soviet football, government agencies such as the police, army, and railroads created their own clubs. Many statesmen saw in the wins of their teams the superiority over the opponents patronising other teams. Almost all the teams had such kind of patrons; Dynamo Moscow aligned with the Militsiya, CSKA Moscow with the Red Army, and Spartak, created by a trade union public organization, was considered to be "the people's team".

The history of the football club and sports society "Spartak" originates from the Russian Gymnastics Society (), which was founded on 16 May 1883. The society was founded under the influence of the Pan-Slavic "Sokol movement" with the aim of promoting the "Sokolsk gymnastics" and then sports including fencing, wrestling, figure skating, skating, football, hockey, lawn tennis, boxing, skis, athletics, and cycling. In the RGO Sokol began to play football in the summer of 1897; the professional football section was founded in the spring of 1909. On 1 August 1920, the football team began to officially act under the name MCS, or Moscow Sports Club.

In 1923, the MCS, later named Krasnaya Presnya (Red Presnya), was formed by Ivan Artemyev and involved Nikolai Starostin, especially in its football team. Presnya is a district of Moscow renowned for the radical politics of its inhabitants; for example, it represented the centre of the Moscow uprising of 1905.

The team grew, building a stadium, supporting itself from ticket sales and playing matches across the Russian SFSR. As part of a 1926 reorganization of football in the Soviet Union, Starostin arranged for the club to be sponsored by the food workers union and the club moved to the 13,000 seat Tomsky Stadium, known as Pishcheviki. The team changed sponsors repeatedly over the following years as it competed with Dinamo Moscow, whose 35,000 seat Dynamo Stadium lay close by.

As a high-profile sportsman, Starostin came into close contact with Alexander Kosarev, secretary of the Komsomol (Communist Union of Youth) who already had a strong influence on sport and wanted to extend it. In November 1934, with funding from Promkooperatsiia, Kosarev employed Starostin and his brothers to develop his team to make it more powerful. Again the team changed its name, this time to "Spartak Moscow" (the name ''Spartak'' means "Spartacus", a gladiator who led an uprising against Ancient Rome).

The club founders, four Starostin brothers, played a big role in the formation of the team. The Starostins played for the red-whites in the 1930s but right before World War II they were subjected to repression as the leaders of the most hated team by the state authorities. Elder brother Nikolai Starostin wrote in his books that he had survived in the State Prison System due to his participation in football and with Spartak (after the political rehabilitation, in 1954, he would later return to the team as the squad's manager).

In 1935, Starostin proposed the name ''Spartak''. It was inspired by the Italian novel ''Spartaco'', written by Raffaello Giovagnoli, and means Spartacus ("Spartak" in Russian), a gladiator-slave who led a rebellion against Rome. Starostin is also credited with the creation of the Spartak logo. The same year, the club became a part of newly created Spartak sports society.

Czechoslovak manager Antonin Fivebr is credited as the first head coach of Spartak, though he worked as a consultant in several clubs simultaneously. In 1936, the Soviet Top League was established, where its first championship was won by Dynamo Moscow while Spartak won its second, which was held in the same calendar year. Before World War II, Spartak earned two more titles. In 1937, Spartak won the football tournament of Workers' Olympiad at Antwerp.

Post-war period (1945–1991)

During the 1950s, Spartak, together with Dynamo, dominated the Soviet Top League. When the Soviet national team won gold medals at the Melbourne Olympics, it consisted largely of Spartak players. Spartak captain Igor Netto was the captain of the national team from 1954 to 1963. In the 1960s, Spartak won two league titles, but by the mid-1960s, Spartak was no more regarded as a leading Soviet club. The club was even less successful in the 1970s and in 1976 Spartak was relegated into the lower league.

The following season in 1979, fans stayed with the team despite being relegated to the lower division, keeping the stadium full. Konstantin Beskov became the head coach. He had made his name playing for Spartak's main rivals, Dynamo Moscow). He introduced several young players, including Rinat Dasayev and Georgi Yartsev. Spartak returned the following season and won the title in 1979, beating Dynamo Kyiv.

On 20 October 1982, disaster struck during the UEFA Cup match between Spartak and Dutch club HFC Haarlem. Sixty-six people died in a crowd crush during the match, making it Russia's worst sporting disaster.

In 1989, Spartak won its last USSR Championship, rivals Dynamo Kyiv 2–1 in the closing round. Spartak's striker Valery Shmarov scored the "golden" free kick with almost no time left. The next season, Spartak reached the European Cup semi-final, consequently eliminating Napoli on penalties and Real Madrid (with 3–1 away victory), but losing to Marseille.

Modern period (1991–present)

Initial success (1991–2004)

A new page in the club's history began when the Soviet Union collapsed and its championship ceased to exist. In the newly created Russian league, Spartak, led by coach and president Oleg Romantsev, dominated and won all but one title between 1992 and 2001. Season after season the team also represented Russia in the Champions League.

Problems began in the new century, however. Several charismatic players ( Ilya Tsymbalar and Andrey Tikhonov among others) left the club as a result of conflict with Romantsev. Later, Romantsev sold his stock to oil magnate Andrei Chervichenko, who in 2003 became the club president. The two were soon embroiled in a row that would continue until Romantsev was sacked in 2003 with the club suffering several sub-par seasons until Chervichenko finally sold his stock in 2004. The new ownership made a number of front office changes with the aim of returning the team to the top of the Russian Premier League.

Spartak has been entitled to place a golden star on its badge since 2003 to commemorate winning five Russian championships in 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996 and 1997. They have won the championship another four times since 1997.

Title-less run (2004–2016)

In 2004, Leonid Fedun became the club's President and second-largest shareholder behind his business partner Vagit Alekperov.

In the 2005 season, Spartak, led by Aleksandrs Starkovs, finished second in the league to beat Lokomotiv Moscow, Zenit Saint Petersburg and Rubin Kazan to the last Champions League place. Following a mixed start to the 2006 season and public criticism from Dmitry Alenichev, the team's captain and one of its most experienced players, Starkovs left his position to Vladimir Fedotov.

In the 2012–13 season, Spartak qualified for the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League group stage and finished last after disappointing performances against FC Barcelona, Celtic and Benfica. In the league, Spartak finished in fourth place while in the cup it was eliminated in the round of 16 by FC Rostov 0–0 , completing a disappointing season.

Since 2013, the club have added another three stars as rules allowed teams to include titles won during the Soviet era.

The next 3 seasons (2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16) were somewhat similar as Spartak finished 6th, 6th and 5th accordingly while the club did not qualify for European Competitions.

Revival (2016–2022)

By the beginning of the 2016–17 season, under ex-Juventus manager Massimo Carrera, Spartak had acquired a squad consisting of foreign talents such as Quincy Promes, Fernando, Zé Luís, Lorenzo Melgarejo and Russians such as Denis Glushakov, Roman Zobnin and Ilya Kutepov. Spartak won the 2016–17 Russian Premier League with the squad, winning most derbies and ultimately finishing with a difference of 7 points.

The following season, Spartak participated in the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage. Despite suffering its greatest ever loss in a 7-0 result against Liverpool F.C. at Anfield, the club achieved considerable victories, including a 5-1 win against Sevilla FC.

Having finished second 2020-21 Russian Premier League under manager Domenico Tedesco, whose contract expired at the season's end, Spartak followed up with a successful run in the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League, now led by Rui Vitoria. Spartak topped its group, which included Napoli (which it defeated both home and away), Leicester City and Legia Warsaw. It was set to face RB Leipzig in the round of 16, but the club - along with all Russian club and national teams - was suspended from FIFA, UEFA and the ECA until further notice due to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and the clubs continued to play with themselves.

On 29 May 2022, in the final match of Paolo Vanoli (manager since December 2021), Spartak won the 2021–22 Russian Cup.We can confirm Paolo Vanoli made a difficult decision to resign from FC Spartak Moscow's head coach position

New ownership (2022–present)

On August 22, 2022, PJSC Lukoil Oil Company announced the acquisition of Spartak Moscow and Otkritie Arena. This occurred after numerous changes at the club, such as the appointment of Spanish specialist Guillermo Abascal as manager, his assistants Carlos Maria Valle Moreno and Vladimir Slišković, physical training coaches Fernando Perez Lopez and Alexander Zaichenko, and goalkeeper coach Vasily Kuznetsov. At 33 years of age, Abascal became the youngest manager in the club's history. It was also reported that Leonid Fedun has resigned as President of the club and member of the board of directors. Under his leadership of more than 18 years, he left behind a mixed legacy. The club had won only a single Russian league, cup and supercup. Second place in the league was achieved six times, and four times the club head reached the group stage of the Champions League. A stadium solely for the use of the club was built for the first time. On September 26, 2022 Alexander Matytsyn, first vice president of Lukoil, became chairman of the board of directors of FC Spartak. Lukoil's top managers Pavel Zhdanov, Ivan Maslyaev, and Yevgeny Khavkin joined the board of directors, as did Spartak's general director Yevgeny Melezhikov (left the club in the summer of 2023), academy president Sergei Rodionov, as well as independent directors Oleg Malyshev and Yusuf Alekperov. Englishman Paul Ashworth was appointed sporting director.
In December 2023, it was announced that the club was reviving a second team, closed in 2022 due to lack of funding. It will be entered in the second league.

Honours

Domestic competitions

*Soviet Top League/Russian Premier League
**Champions (22) (record): 1936 (autumn), 1938, 1939, 1952, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1962, 1969, 1979, 1987, 1989 / 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2016–17
**Runners-up (18): 1937, 1954, 1955, 1963, 1968, 1974, 1980, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1991, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011–12, 2020–21
*Soviet Cup/ Russian Cup
**Winners (14) (record): 1938, 1939, 1946, 1947, 1950, 1958, 1963, 1965, 1971, 1992, 1993–94, 1997–98, 2002–03, 2021–22
**Runners-up (7): 1948, 1952, 1957, 1972, 1981, 1995–96, 2005–06
* Russian Super Cup
**Winners: 2017
**Runners-up (4): 2004, 2006, 2007, 2022
* Soviet First League
**Champions: 1977
* USSR Federation Cup
**Winners: 1987

International

* Commonwealth of Independent States Cup
**Winners (6): 1993, 1994, 1995, 1999, 2000, 2001
**Runners-up: 1997, 1998, 2002

Non-official

*Match Premier Cup
**Winners: 2019, 2020, 2021
* Ciutat de Barcelona Trophy
**Winners: 1982
* Copa del Sol
**Winners: 2012

European record

Notable European campaigns

UEFA club competition record

UEFA coefficient

''Correct as of 21 May 2025.''

League history

Soviet Union

:

Russia

:
Notes

Top goalscorers

Nickname

The team is usually called "red-and-whites," but among the fans "The Meat" (, "Myaso") is a very popular nickname. The origins of the nickname belong to the days of the foundation of the club; in the 1920s, the team was renamed several times, from "Moscow Sports Club" to "Red Presnya" (after the name of one of the districts of Moscow) to "Pishcheviki" ("Food industry workers") to "Promkooperatsiya" ("Industrial cooperation") and finally to "Spartak Moscow" in 1935, and for many years the team was under patronage of one of the Moscow food factories that dealt with meat products.

One of the most popular slogans among both fans and players is: "Who are we? We're The Meat!" (? Мясо!", "Kto my? Myaso!")

Ownerships, kits and crests

FC Spartak Moscow's main colour is red.
In 2014, Nike unveiled kit inspired by the club's new home.

Owners, kit suppliers and shirt sponsors

Rival teams and friendships

At present, Spartak's archrival is CSKA Moscow, although this is a relatively recent rivalry that has only emerged after the collapse of the USSR. Seven of ten matches with the largest audience in Russian Premier League (including top three) were Spartak-CSKA derbies. Historically, the most celebrated rivalry is with Dynamo Moscow, a fiercely contested matchup which is Russia's oldest derby. Matches against Lokomotiv Moscow and Zenit Saint Petersburg attract thousands of people as well, almost always resulting in packed stadia. Upon the collapse of the Soviet Union, Spartak's rivalry with Dynamo Kyiv, one of the leaders of the USSR championship, was lost. Since Dynamo Kyiv now plays in the Ukrainian Premier League, both teams must qualify for UEFA tournaments to meet each other.

Since the mid-2000s the supporters of Spartak maintain brotherhood relations with Crvena Zvezda (Red Star Belgrade) and Olympiacos ultras – a friendship based on common Orthodox faith and same club colours.
Also fans of Spartak have generally friendly relationships with Torpedo Moscow supporters, and of supporters of Polish club Lech Poznań.

Stadium

Until 2014, Spartak had never had its own stadium, with the team historically playing in various Moscow stadia throughout its history, even once playing an exhibition match in Red Square. The team played home games at various Moscow stadiums – especially at the Locomotiv and Luzhniki stadiums. After the purchase of the club by Andrei Chervichenko in the early 2000s, several statements were made about the speedy construction of the stadium, but construction did not begin.

After a controlling stake in the club was bought by Leonid Fedun, real steps were taken to promote the stadium project, and in 2006, the Government of Moscow allocated land at Tushino Aeropol at a size of 28.3 hectares for the construction of the stadium. The project involved the main arena of 42,000 people with natural lawn, sports, and an entertainment hall for tennis, handball, basketball and volleyball for 12,000 spectators. The ceremony of laying the first stone took place on 2 June 2007.

In February 2013, it was announced that as a result of a sponsorship deal with Otkritie FC Bank ("Discovery"), the stadium will be called Otkritie Arena for 6 years. The opening match at the new stadium took place on 5 September 2014, when Spartak drew with the Serbian side Red Star Belgrade (1-1). The first competitive match took place on 14 September 2014, in which Spartak defeated Torpedo Moscow 3–1 in the 7th round of the championship.

Players

Current squad

Out on loan

Notable players

Had international caps for their respective countries, or held any club record. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Spartak. For further list, see List of FC Spartak Moscow players.

;Russia/USSR
* Dmitri Alenichev
* Dmitri Ananko
* Ari
* Zelimkhan Bakayev
* Nikita Bazhenov
* Vladimir Beschastnykh
* Artyom Bezrodny
* Diniyar Bilyaletdinov
* Denis Boyarintsev
* Viktor Bulatov
* Yevgeni Bushmanov
* Maksim Buznikin
* Vladimir Bystrov
* Stanislav Cherchesov
* Nikita Chernov
* Andrey Chernyshov
* Valery Chizhov
* Denis Davydov
* Daniil Denisov
* Maksim Demenko
* Soslan Dzhanayev
* Georgi Dzhikiya
* Artyom Dzyuba
* Vadim Evseev
* Aleksandr Filimonov
* Denis Glushakov
* Maksim Glushenkov
* Sergei Gorlukovich
* Vladimir Granat
* Maksim Grigoryev
* Oleg Ivanov
* Valeri Karpin
* Valery Kechinov
* Zaur Khapov
* Dmitri Khlestov
* Daniil Khlusevich
* Aleksandr Kokorin
* Dmitri Kombarov
* Aleksey Kosolapov
* Yuri Kovtun
* Fyodor Kudryashov
* Vasili Kulkov
* Ilya Kutepov
* Oleg Kuzmin
* Igor Lediakhov
* Ruslan Litvinov
* Yevgeni Makeyev
* Aleksandr Maksimenko
* Ramiz Mamedov
* Aleksandr Mostovoi
* Mukhsin Mukhamadiev
* Ruslan Nigmatullin
* Yuri Nikiforov
* Viktor Onopko
* Sergei Parshivlyuk
* Roman Pavlyuchenko
* Sergei Pesyakov
* Nikolai Pisarev
* Pavel Pogrebnyak
* Ilya Pomazun
* Dmitri Popov
* Danil Prutsev
* Andrey Pyatnitsky
* Dmitri Radchenko
* Rashid Rakhimov
* Aleksei Rebko
* Artyom Rebrov
* Ivan Saenko
* Aleksandr Samedov
* Aleksandr Selikhov
* Igor Shalimov
* Aleksandr Sheshukov
* Aleksandr Shirko
* Roman Shirokov
* Roman Shishkin
* Aleksandr Sobolev
* Dmitri Sychev
* Vladislav Ternavsky
* Andrey Tikhonov
* Yegor Titov

* Dmitri Torbinski
* Ilia Tsymbalar
* Andrey Yeshchenko
* Sergei Yuran
* Anton Zinkovsky
* Roman Zobnin
* Nikolay Abramov
* Vsevolod Bobrov
* Aleksandr Bubnov
* Fyodor Cherenkov
* Rinat Dasayev
* Yuri Gavrilov
* Anatoli Ilyin
* Anatoli Isayev
* Valentin Ivakin
* Vagiz Khidiyatullin
* Galimzyan Khusainov
* Anatoly Krutikov
* Gennady Logofet
* Evgenii Lovchev
* Eduard Malofeyev
* Vladimir Maslachenko
* Anatoli Maslyonkin
* Alexander Mirzoyan
* Gennady Morozov
* Igor Netto
* Aleksei Paramonov
* Viktor Pasulko
* Gennady Perepadenko
* Sergey Rodionov
* Oleg Romantsev
* Sergey Shavlo
* Valeri Shmarov
* Nikita Simonyan
* Yuri Susloparov
* Georgi Yartsev

;Europe
* Yura Movsisyan
* Aghvan Papikyan
* Aras Özbiliz
* Emanuel Pogatetz
* Martin Stranzl
* Vali Gasimov
* Emin Makhmudov
* Filip Ozobić
* Vasili Baranov
* Yegor Filipenko
* Artem Kontsevoy
* Miroslav Romaschenko
* Konstantin Kovalenko
* Raman Vasilyuk
* Valery Vyalichka
* Ivelin Popov
* Danijel Hrman
* Mario Pašalić
* Stipe Pletikosa
* Ognjen Vukojević
* Martin Jiránek
* Radoslav Kováč
* Alex Král
* Marek Suchý
* Tarmo Kink
* Roman Eremenko
* Valeri Abramidze
* Jano Ananidze
* Otar Khizaneishvili
* Giorgi Lomaia
* Kakhaber Mzhavanadze
* Kakhaber Tskhadadze
* Malik Fathi
* André Schürrle
* Serdar Tasci
* Szabolcs Sáfár
* Salvatore Bocchetti
* Andrejs Rubins
* Andrejs Štolcers
* Ignas Dedura
* Gintaras Staučė
* Christopher Martins

* Goran Maznov
* Igor Mitreski
* Serghei Covalciuc
* Alexandru Gațcan
* Oleg Reabciuk
* Nikola Drinčić
* Jorrit Hendrix
* Quincy Promes
* Guus Til
* Demy de Zeeuw
* Bolesław Habowski
* Wojciech Kowalewski
* Maciej Rybus
* Aiden McGeady
* Adrian Iencsi
* Florin Şoavă
* Gabriel Tamaş
* Srđan Babić
* Nikola Maksimović
* Marko Petković
* Nemanja Vidić
* Dušan Petković
* Mihajlo Pjanović
* Goran Trobok
* Miha Mevlja
* Kim Källström
* Jordan Larsson
* Andriy Dykan
* Oleksandr Hranovskyi
* Maksym Kalynychenko
* Oleh Naduda
* Serhiy Nahornyak
* Maksym Levytskyi
* Dmytro Parfenov
* Serhiy Pohodin
* Oleksandr Pomazun
* Yuriy Sak
* Eduard Tsykhmeystruk
* Dmytro Tyapushkin
* Vladyslav Vashchuk
;South and Central America
* Fernando Cavenaghi
* Tino Costa
* Juan Insaurralde
* Nicolás Pareja
* Clemente Rodríguez
* Marcos Rojo
* Luiz Adriano
* Alex
* Ayrton
* Alexandre Lopes
* Fernando
* Rômulo
* Russo
* Manfred Ugalde
* Shamar Nicholson
* Robert Scarlett
* Lucas Barrios
* Jesús Medina
* Lorenzo Melgarejo
* Myenty Abena
* Levi García
* Adam Wolanin

;Africa
* Jerry-Christian Tchuissé
* Zé Luís
* Théo Bongonda
* Lawrence Adjei
* Waris Majeed
* Quincy Owusu-Abeyie
* Abdelillah Bagui
* Sylvanus Nimely
* Emmanuel Emenike
* Victor Moses
* Keita Baldé
* Ali Ibra Kebe
* Fashion Sakala

;Asia
* Jafar Irismetov
* Oston Urunov

Staff

* Owner: Vagit Alekperov, Leonid Fedun
* Managing Director: Yevgeni Melezhikov
* Director of Sports: Francis Cagigao
* Caretaker head coach: Vladimir Slišković
* Assistant coach: Carlos Valle
* Goalkeeping coach: Vasili Kuznetsov
* Physical coach: Fernando Perez Lopez
* Reserves team head coach: Aleksei Lunin
* Reserves team assistant coach: Aleksei Melyoshin
* Reserves team goalkeeping coach: Vasili Kuznetsov

Coaches

References

Further reading

*
* Riordan, Jim (2008). ''Comrade Jim: The Spy Who Played for Spartak''. HarperCollins Oub Ltd. .

External links

*
*
Official fan page

Spartak stadium website

{{DEFAULTSORT:Spartak Moscow

Football clubs in Moscow
Spartak Moscow
Association football clubs established in 1922
1922 establishments in Russia
Soviet Top League clubs