503 BC 5 (five) is a number, numeral and digit. It is the natural number, and cardinal number, following 4 and preceding 6, and is a prime number. It has attained significance throughout history in part because typical humans have five digits on each ...

Roman consul A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic ( to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the second-highest level of the '' cursus honorum'' (an ascending sequence of public offices to which polit ...

Agrippa Menenius Lanatus Agrippa Menenius Lanatus (died 493 BC) was a consul of the Roman Republic in 503 BC, with Publius Postumius Tubertus. He was victorious over the Sabines and was awarded a triumph which he celebrated on 4 April, 503 BC. According to Livy, he al ...

triumph The Roman triumph ( Latin triumphus) was a celebration for a victorious military commander in ancient Rome. For later imitations, in life or in art, see Trionfo. Numerous later uses of the term, up to the present, are derived directly or indirec ...

Sabines The Sabines (; lat, Sabini; it, Sabini, all exonyms) were an Italic people who lived in the central Apennine Mountains of the ancient Italian Peninsula, also inhabiting Latium north of the Anio before the founding of Rome. The Sabines di ...

190 Year 190 (Roman numerals, CXC) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Aurelius and Sura (or, less frequently, year 943 ''Ab ...

Dong Zhuo Dong Zhuo () (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a Chinese military general, politician, and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty The Han dynasty (, ; ) was an imperial dynasty of China (202 BC – 9 AD, 25� ...

Luoyang Luoyang is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River (Henan), Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province. Governed as a prefecture-level city, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the east, Pingdingshan to the ...

611 __NOTOC__ Year 611 ( DCXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 611 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era ...

Calakmul Calakmul (; also Kalakmul and other less frequent variants) is a Maya archaeological site in the Mexican state of Campeche, deep in the jungles of the greater Petén Basin region. It is from the Guatemalan border. Calakmul was one of the larg ...

Palenque Palenque (; Yucatec Maya: ), also anciently known in the Itza Language as Lakamhaʼ ("Big Water or Big Waters"), was a Maya city state in southern Mexico that perished in the 8th century. The Palenque ruins date from ca. 226 BC to ca. 799 AD. Af ...

801 __NOTOC__ Year 801 ( DCCCI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Emperor Charlemagne formally cedes Nordalbian territory (modern-day Schleswig-Ho ...

Louis the Pious Louis the Pious (german: Ludwig der Fromme; french: Louis le Pieux; 16 April 778 – 20 June 840), also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aqui ...

Barcelona Barcelona ( , , ) is a city on the coast of northeastern Spain. It is the capital and largest city of the autonomous community of Catalonia, as well as the second most populous municipality of Spain. With a population of 1.6 million within ...

Moors The term Moor, derived from the ancient Mauri, is an exonym first used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Malta during the Middle Ages. Moors are not a distinct o ...

1268 Year 1268 ( MCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By topic War and politics * February 18 – Battle of Rakvere: The Livonian Order is defeated by Dovmont ...

Michael VIII Palaiologos Michael VIII Palaiologos or Palaeologus ( el, Μιχαὴλ Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, Mikhaēl Doukas Angelos Komnēnos Palaiologos; 1224 – 11 December 1282) reigned as the co-emperor of the Empire ...

1423 Year 1423 ( MCDXXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * April 27 – Hussite Wars – Battle of Hořice: The Taborites decisively beat ...

Doge A doge ( , ; plural dogi or doges) was an elected lord and head of state in several Italian city-states, notably Venice and Genoa, during the medieval and renaissance periods. Such states are referred to as "crowned republics". Etymology The ...

Tommaso Mocenigo Tommaso Mocenigo (1343–1423) was ''doge'' (chief magistrate) of the Republic of Venice from 1414 until his death. Biography He commanded the crusading fleet in the expedition to Nicopolis in 1396 and also won battles against the Genoese ...

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephe ...

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

Battle of Gallipoli (1416) The Battle of Gallipoli occurred on 29 May 1416 between a squadron of the Venetian navy and the fleet of the Ottoman Empire off the Ottoman naval base of Gallipoli. The battle was the main episode of a brief conflict between the two powers, r ...

1581 1581 ( MDLXXXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) in the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. Events ...

Francis Drake Sir Francis Drake ( – 28 January 1596) was an English explorer, sea captain, privateer, slave trader, naval officer, and politician. Drake is best known for his circumnavigation of the world in a single expedition, from 1577 to 1580 ...

Elizabeth I Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603. Elizabeth was the last of the five House of Tudor monarchs and is sometimes referred to as the "Virgin Queen". Eli ...

circumnavigation Circumnavigation is the complete navigation around an entire island, continent, or astronomical body (e.g. a planet or moon). This article focuses on the circumnavigation of Earth. The first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth was the Magel ...

1609 Events January–June * January – The Basque witch trials begin. * January 15 – One of the world's first newspapers, ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung'', begins publication in Wolfenbüttel (Holy Roman Empire). * January ...

Moriscos Moriscos (, ; pt, mouriscos ; Spanish for "Moorish") were former Muslims and their descendants whom the Roman Catholic church and the Spanish Crown commanded to convert to Christianity or face compulsory exile after Spain outlawed the open ...

Kingdom of Valencia Kingdom commonly refers to: * A monarchy ruled by a king or queen * Kingdom (biology), a category in biological taxonomy Kingdom may also refer to: Arts and media Television * ''Kingdom'' (British TV series), a 2007 British television drama s ...

1660 Events January–March * January 1 ** At daybreak, English Army Colonel George Monck, with two brigades of troops from his Scottish occupational force, fords the River Tweed at Coldstream in Scotland to cross the border into England ...

Declaration of Breda The Declaration of Breda (dated 4 April 1660) was a proclamation by Charles II of England in which he promised a general pardon for crimes committed during the English Civil War and the Interregnum for all those who recognized Charles as the ...

Charles II of Great Britain Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651, and King of England, Scotland and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child o ...

English Civil War The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists led by Charles I ("Cavaliers"), mainly over the manner of Kingdom of England, England's governanc ...

Interregnum An interregnum (plural interregna or interregnums) is a period of discontinuity or "gap" in a government, organization, or social order. Archetypally, it was the period of time between the reign of one monarch and the next (coming from Latin '' ...

1796 Events January–March * January 16 – The first Dutch (and general) elections are held for the National Assembly of the Batavian Republic. (The next Dutch general elections are held in 1888.) * February 1 – The capital ...

Georges Cuvier Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (; 23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology". Cuvier was a major figure in na ...

paleontological Paleontology (), also spelled palaeontology or palæontology, is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present). It includes the study of fossi ...

1814 Events January * January 1 – War of the Sixth Coalition – The Royal Prussian Army led by Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher crosses the Rhine. * January 3 ** War of the Sixth Coalition – Siege of Cattaro: French garriso ...

Napoleon II , house = Bonaparte , father = Napoleon I, Emperor of the French , mother = Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma , birth_date = , birth_place = Tuileries Palace, Paris, French Empire ...

Emperor of the French Emperor of the French (French: ''Empereur des Français'') was the title of the monarch and supreme ruler of the First and the Second French Empires. Details A title and office used by the House of Bonaparte starting when Napoleon was pro ...

1818 Events January–March * January 1 ** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire. ** Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein'' is published anonymously in London. * January 2 – ...

United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...

Second Continental Congress The Second Continental Congress was a late-18th-century meeting of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies that united in support of the American Revolutionary War. The Congress was creating a new country it first named " United Colonies" and in ...

flag of the United States The national flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the ''American flag'' or the ''U.S. flag'', consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the ca ...

1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...

William Henry Harrison William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest pres ...

pneumonia Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli. Symptoms typically include some combination of productive or dry cough, chest pain, fever, and difficulty breathing. The severi ...

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...

John Tyler John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States, serving from 1841 to 1845, after briefly holding office as the tenth vice president of the United States, vice president in 1841. He was elected v ...

1865 Events January–March * January 4 – The New York Stock Exchange opens its first permanent headquarters at 10-12 Broad near Wall Street, in New York City. * January 13 – American Civil War : Second Battle of Fort Fisher ...

American Civil War The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by state ...

Union Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Un ...

Richmond, Virginia (Thus do we reach the stars) , image_map = , mapsize = 250 px , map_caption = Location within Virginia , pushpin_map = Virginia#USA , pushpin_label = Richmond , pushpin_m ...

Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation thro ...

1866 Events January–March * January 1 ** Fisk University, a historically black university, is established in Nashville, Tennessee. ** The last issue of the abolitionist magazine ''The Liberator'' is published. * January 6 – Ottoman troo ...

Alexander II of Russia Alexander II ( rus, Алекса́ндр II Никола́евич, Aleksándr II Nikoláyevich, p=ɐlʲɪˈksandr ftɐˈroj nʲɪkɐˈlajɪvʲɪtɕ; 29 April 181813 March 1881) was Emperor of Russia, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Fin ...

Dmitry Karakozov Dmitry Vladimirovich Karakozov (russian: Дми́трий Влади́мирович Карако́зов; – ) was a Russian political activist and the first revolutionary in the Russian Empire to make an attempt on the life of a tsar. His ...

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

1887 Events January–March * January 11 – Louis Pasteur's anti-rabies treatment is defended in the Académie Nationale de Médecine, by Dr. Joseph Grancher. * January 20 ** The United States Senate allows the Navy to lease Pearl Har ...

Argonia, Kansas Argonia is a city in Sumner County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 456. History Argonia was founded in 1881. It was named for the ship ''Argo'' in Greek mythology. In 1887, Susanna M. Salter bec ...

Susanna M. Salter Susanna Madora Salter (; March 2, 1860 – March 17, 1961) was an American politician and activist. She served as mayor of Argonia, Kansas, becoming the first woman elected to serve as mayor in the United States and one of the first women to ...

1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony is ...

Kangra Valley Kangra Valley is a river valley situated in the Western Himalayas.Kangra,

McLeod Ganj McLeod Ganj, also spelt McLeodganj, (pronounced ''Mc-loud-gunj'') is a suburb of Dharamshala in the Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, India. It is known as "Little Lhasa" or "Dhasa" (a short form of Dharamshala used mainly by Tibetans) because ...

and

Dharamshala Dharamshala (; also spelled Dharamsala) is the winter capital of Himachal Pradesh, India. It serves as administrative headquarters of the Kangra district after being relocated from Kangra, a city located away from Dharamshala, in 1855. T ...

. *

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

–

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

: Greek aviator

Emmanouil Argyropoulos Emmanouil Argyropoulos ( el, Εμμανουήλ Αργυρόπουλος; 1889 – 4 April 1913) was a Greek pioneer aviator of the early 20th century. Apart from being the first Greek aviator who performed a flight over his homeland, he also be ...

becomes the first pilot to die in the

Hellenic Air Force , colours = , colours_label = , march = , mascot = , anniversaries = 8 November , equipment = , equipment_label ...

when his plane crashes. *

1925 Events January * January 1 ** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria. * January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the It ...

– The

Schutzstaffel The ''Schutzstaffel'' (SS; also stylized as ''ᛋᛋ'' with Armanen runes; ; "Protection Squadron") was a major paramilitary organization under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany, and later throughout German-occupied Europe d ...

(SS) is founded under Adolf Hitler's

Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported t ...

in

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

. *

1933 Events January * January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. * January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...

–

U.S. Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage o ...

airship An airship or dirigible balloon is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can navigate through the air under its own power. Aerostats gain their lift from a lifting gas that is less dense than the surrounding air. In early ...

is wrecked off the

New Jersey New Jersey is a U.S. state, state in the Mid-Atlantic States, Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern United States, Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York (state), New York; on the ea ...

coast due to severe weather. *

1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in No ...

–

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great power ...

: First bombardment of oil refineries in Bucharest by Anglo-American forces kills 3000 civilians. *

1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. Januar ...

– World War II:

United States Army The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare, land military branch, service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight Uniformed services of the United States, U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army o ...

troops liberate

Ohrdruf forced labor camp Ohrdruf was a German forced labor and concentration camp located near Ohrdruf, south of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany. It was part of the Buchenwald concentration camp network. Operation Created in November 1944 near the town of Ohrdruf, sou ...

in Germany. * 1945 – World War II: United States Army troops capture Kassel. * 1945 – World War II: Soviet

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army (Russian language, Russian: Рабо́че-крестья́нская Кра́сная армия),) often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist R ...

troops liberate

Hungary Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croa ...

from

German occupation German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were wholly or partly occupied and civil-occupied (including puppet governments) by the military forces and the government of Nazi Germany at various times between 193 ...

and occupy the country themselves. * 1946 – Greek judge and archeologist

Panagiotis Poulitsas Panagiotis Poulitsas (Greek: Παναγιώτης Πουλίτσας) was a Greek judge and archeologist who briefly served as interim Prime Minister of Greece from 4 April 1946 to 18 April 1946. He was born in Geraki, Laconia on 9 September 1 ...

is appointed Prime Minister of Greece in the midst of the

Greek Civil War The Greek Civil War ( el, ο Eμφύλιος �όλεμος ''o Emfýlios'' 'Pólemos'' "the Civil War") took place from 1946 to 1949. It was mainly fought against the established Kingdom of Greece, which was supported by the United Kingdom ...

. *

1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022. * January 2 – ...

– Cold War: Twelve nations sign the

North Atlantic Treaty The North Atlantic Treaty, also referred to as the Washington Treaty, is the treaty that forms the legal basis of, and is implemented by, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The treaty was signed in Washington, D.C., on 4 April 194 ...

creating the

North Atlantic Treaty Organization The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

. * 1958 – The

CND The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) is an organisation that advocates unilateral nuclear disarmament by the United Kingdom, international nuclear disarmament and tighter international arms regulation through agreements such as the Nu ...

peace symbol A number of peace symbols have been used many ways in various cultures and contexts. The dove and olive branch was used symbolically by early Christians and then eventually became a secular peace symbol, popularized by a ''Dove'' lithograph by ...

is displayed in public for the first time in

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

. *

1960 It is also known as the " Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * J ...

–

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

agrees to grant independence to the

Mali Federation The Mali Federation ( ar, اتحاد مالي) was a federation in West Africa linking the French colonies of Senegal and the Sudanese Republic (or French Sudan) for two months in 1960. It was founded on 4 April 1959 as a territory with self-r ...

, a union of

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣� ...

and

French Sudan French (french: français(e), link=no) may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to France ** French language, which originated in France, and its various dialects and accents ** French people, a nation and ethnic group identified with France ...

. *

1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...

–

Bye Bye Birdie ''Bye Bye Birdie'' is a stage musical with music by Charles Strouse and lyrics by Lee Adams, based upon a book by Michael Stewart. Originally titled ''Let's Go Steady'', ''Bye Bye Birdie'' is set in 1958. The short story "Dream Man", author ...

, a musical romantic comedy film directed by

George Sidney George Sidney (October 4, 1916May 5, 2002) was an American film director and producer who worked primarily at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. His work includes cult classics '' Bye Bye Birdie'' (1963) and ''Viva Las Vegas'' (1964). With an extensive backgr ...

, was released. *

1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarc ...

–

The Beatles The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960, that comprised John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. They are regarded as the most influential band of all time and were integral to the developm ...

occupy the top five positions on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 pop chart. *

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...

–

Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...

delivers his " Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence" speech in New York City's

Riverside Church Riverside Church is an interdenominational church in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, on the block bounded by Riverside Drive, Claremont Avenue, 120th Street and 122nd Street near Columbia University's Mornin ...

. *

1968 The year was highlighted by Protests of 1968, protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechos ...

– Martin Luther King Jr. is

assassinated Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...

by

James Earl Ray James Earl Ray (March 10, 1928 – April 23, 1998) was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1968. After this Ray was on the run and was cap ...

at a

motel A motel, also known as a motor hotel, motor inn or motor lodge, is a hotel designed for motorists, usually having each room entered directly from the parking area for motor vehicles rather than through a central lobby. Entering dictionaries ...

in

Memphis, Tennessee Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is the County seat, seat of Shelby County, Tennessee, Shelby County in the southwest part of the state; it is situated along the Mississippi River. With a population of 633,104 at the 2020 Uni ...

. * 1968 – Apollo program:

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research. NASA was established in 1958, succeedi ...

launches

Apollo 6 Apollo 6 (April 4, 1968), also known as AS-502, was the third and final uncrewed flight in the United States' Apollo Program and the second test of the Saturn V launch vehicle. It qualified the Saturn V to be used on crewed missions, as happen ...

. *

1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 ** Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...

– Dr.

Denton Cooley Denton Arthur Cooley (August 22, 1920 – November 18, 2016) was an American heart and cardiothoracic surgeon famous for performing the first implantation of a total artificial heart. Cooley was also the founder and surgeon in-chief of The ...

implants Implant can refer to: Medicine *Implant (medicine), or specifically: ** Brain implant **Breast implant ** Buttock implant **Cochlear implant **Contraceptive implant **Dental implant ** Fetal tissue implant **Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ...

the first temporary

artificial heart An artificial heart is a device that replaces the heart. Artificial hearts are typically used to bridge the time to heart transplantation, or to permanently replace the heart in the case that a heart transplant (from a deceased human or, exper ...

. *

1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...

– The Twin Towers of the

World Trade Center World Trade Centers are sites recognized by the World Trade Centers Association. World Trade Center may refer to: Buildings * List of World Trade Centers * World Trade Center (2001–present), a building complex that includes five skyscrapers, a ...

in New York City are officially dedicated. * 1973 – A

Lockheed C-141 Starlifter The Lockheed C-141 Starlifter is a retired military strategic airlifter that served with the Military Air Transport Service (MATS), its successor organization the Military Airlift Command (MAC), and finally the Air Mobility Command (AMC) of th ...

, dubbed the ''

Hanoi Taxi ''Hanoi Taxi'' is a Lockheed C-141 Starlifter strategic airlift aircraft (serial number 66-0177) that was in service with the United States Air Force and became famous for bringing back the first returned prisoners of war in Operation Homecom ...

'', makes the last flight of

Operation Homecoming Operation Homecoming was the return of 591 American prisoners of war (POWs) held by North Vietnam following the Paris Peace Accords that ended U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Operation On January 27, 1973, Henry Kissinger (then assistant ...

. *

1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...

–

Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational corporation, multinational technology company, technology corporation producing Software, computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at th ...

is founded as a partnership between

Bill Gates William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate and philanthropist. He is a co-founder of Microsoft, along with his late childhood friend Paul Allen. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions ...

and

Paul Allen Paul Gardner Allen (January 21, 1953 – October 15, 2018) was an American business magnate, computer programmer, researcher, investor, and philanthropist. He co-founded Microsoft Corporation with childhood friend Bill Gates in 1975, which h ...

in Albuquerque, New Mexico. * 1975 –

Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by #Names, other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vie ...

: A United States Air Force

Lockheed C-5A Galaxy The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is a large military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed, and now maintained and upgraded by its successor, Lockheed Martin. It provides the United States Air Force (USAF) with a heavy intercontinental-ran ...

transporting orphans, crashes near

Saigon , population_density_km2 = 4,292 , population_density_metro_km2 = 697.2 , population_demonym = Saigonese , blank_name = GRP (Nominal) , blank_info = 2019 , blank1_name = – Total , blank1_ ...

, South Vietnam shortly after takeoff, killing 172 people. *

1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrati ...

–

Southern Airways Flight 242 Southern Airways Flight 242 was a flight from Muscle Shoals, Alabama, to Atlanta, Georgia, with a stop in Huntsville, Alabama. On April 4, 1977, it executed a forced landing on Georgia State Route 381 in New Hope, Paulding County, Georgia, Unit ...

crashes in

New Hope, Paulding County, Georgia New Hope is an unincorporated community in Paulding County, Georgia, United States. Once considered a rural destination, New Hope is now an exurb of Atlanta, located at the crossroads of Dallas-Acworth Highway and East Paulding Drive/Old Carters ...

, killing 72. *

1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...

– Prime Minister

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Zulfikar (or Zulfiqar) Ali Bhutto ( ur, , sd, ذوالفقار علي ڀٽو; 5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979), also known as Quaid-e-Awam ("the People's Leader"), was a Pakistani barrister, politician and statesman who served as the four ...

of Pakistan is executed. *

1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major off ...

–

Iran–Iraq War The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988. It began with the Iraqi invasion of Iran and lasted for almost eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Counci ...

: The

Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force , patron = , motto = , "Skyhigh is my place" , colours = Ultramarine blue , colours_label = , march = , mascot ...

mounts an attack on H-3 Airbase and destroys about 50 Iraqi aircraft. *

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...

–

Space Shuttle program The Space Shuttle program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. I ...

: Space Shuttle ''

Challenger Challenger, Challengers, or The Challengers may refer to: Entertainment Comics and manga * Challenger (character), comic book character * ''Challengers'' (manga), manga by Hinako Takanaga Film and TV * ''The Challengers'' (TV series), a 1979 ...

'' makes its maiden voyage into space on

STS-6 STS-6 was the sixth NASA Space Shuttle mission and the maiden flight of the . Launched from Kennedy Space Center on April 4, 1983, the mission deployed the first Tracking and Data Relay Satellite, TDRS-1, into orbit, before landing at Edwards ...

. *

1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...

– President Ronald Reagan calls for an international ban on

chemical weapon A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as ...

s. * 1988 –

Governor A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...

Evan Mecham Evan Mecham ( ; May 12, 1924 – February 21, 2008) was an American businessman and the 17th governor of Arizona, serving from January 5, 1987, until his impeachment conviction on April 4, 1988. A decorated veteran of World War II, Mecham was a ...

of

Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a U.S. state, state in the Southwestern United States. It is the list of U.S. states and territories by area, 6th largest and the list of U.S. states and territories by population, 14 ...

is convicted in his

impeachment Impeachment is the process by which a legislative body or other legally constituted tribunal initiates charges against a public official for misconduct. It may be understood as a unique process involving both political and legal elements. I ...

trial and removed from office. *

1990 File:1990 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1990 FIFA World Cup is played in Italy; The Human Genome Project is launched; Voyager I takes the famous Pale Blue Dot image- speaking on the fragility of Humankind, humanity on Earth, Astroph ...

– The current

flag of Hong Kong The flag of Hong Kong, officially the regional flag of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, depicts a white stylised five-petal Hong Kong orchid tree (''Bauhinia blakeana'') flower in the centre of a ...

is adopted for post-colonial Hong Kong during the Third Session of the Seventh

National People's Congress The National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (NPC; ), or simply the National People's Congress, is constitutionally the supreme state authority and the national legislature of the People's Republic of China. With 2,9 ...

. *

1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...

– Senator

John Heinz Henry John Heinz III (October 23, 1938 – April 4, 1991) was an American businessman and Republican politician from Pennsylvania. Heinz represented the Pittsburgh suburbs in the United States House of Representatives from 1971 to 1977 and ...

of

Pennsylvania Pennsylvania (; (Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Ma ...

and six others are killed when a helicopter collides with their airplane over an elementary school in

Merion, Pennsylvania Merion Station, also known as Merion, is an unincorporated community in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. It borders Philadelphia to its west and is one of the communities that make up the Philadelphia Main Line. Merion Station is part of Lower M ...

. * 1991 – Forty-one people are

taken hostage Taken may refer to: People * Floris Takens (1940-2010), Dutch mathematician Arts, entertainment, and media ''Taken'' film and television franchise * ''Taken'' (franchise), a trilogy of action films starring Liam Neeson ** ''Taken'' (film), th ...

inside a Good Guys! Electronics store in

Sacramento ) , image_map = Sacramento County California Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Sacramento Highlighted.svg , mapsize = 250x200px , map_caption = Location within Sacramento ...

,

California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...

. 3 of the hostage takers and 3 hostages are killed *

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...

– Three people are killed when

KLM Cityhopper Flight 433 KLM Cityhopper Flight 433 was a Saab 340B, registered as PH-KSH, which crashed during an emergency landing on 4 April 1994 and killing 3 occupants, including the captain. Flight 433 was a routine scheduled passenger flight, flight from Amsterdam ...

crashes at

Amsterdam Airport Schiphol Amsterdam Airport Schiphol , known informally as Schiphol Airport ( nl, Luchthaven Schiphol, ), is the main international airport of the Netherlands. It is located southwest of Amsterdam, in the municipality of Haarlemmermeer in the province ...

. *

1996 File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 800, causing the plane to crash and killing everyone on b ...

–

Comet Hyakutake Comet Hyakutake (, formally designated C/1996 B2) is a comet, discovered on 31 January 1996, that passed very close to Earth in March of that year. It was dubbed the Great Comet of 1996; its passage near the Earth was one of the closest com ...

is imaged by the USA Asteroid Orbiter

Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous ''Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous – Shoemaker'' (''NEAR Shoemaker''), renamed after its 1996 launch in honor of planetary scientist Eugene Merle Shoemaker, Eugene Shoemaker, was a Robotic spacecraft, robotic space probe designed by the Johns ...

. *

2002 File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains independence from Indonesia and ...

– The

MPLA The People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola ( pt, Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola, Abbreviation, abbr. MPLA), for some years called the People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola – Labour Party (), is an Angolan left-wi ...

government of Angola and

UNITA The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola ( pt, União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola, abbr. UNITA) is the second-largest political party in Angola. Founded in 1966, UNITA fought alongside the Popular Movement for ...

rebels sign a peace treaty ending the

Angolan Civil War The Angolan Civil War ( pt, Guerra Civil Angolana) was a civil war in Angola, beginning in 1975 and continuing, with interludes, until 2002. The war immediately began after Angola became independent from Portugal in November 1975. The war wa ...

. *

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; 2009 Iran ...

–

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

announces its return to full participation of its military forces within

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO, ; french: Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, ), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 30 member states – 28 European and two No ...

. *

2010 File:2010 Events Collage New.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2010 Chile earthquake was one of the strongest recorded in history; The Eruption of Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland disrupts air travel in Europe; A scene from the opening ceremony of ...

– A magnitude 7.2 earthquake hits south of the Mexico-USA border, killing two and damaging buildings across the two countries. *

2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...

– More than 70 people are killed in a

building collapse Structural integrity and failure is an aspect of engineering that deals with the ability of a structure to support a designed structural load (weight, force, etc.) without breaking and includes the study of past structural failures in order to ...

in

Thane Thane (; also known as Thana, the official name until 1996) is a metropolitan city in Maharashtra, India. It is situated in the north-eastern portion of the Salsette Island. Thane city is entirely within Thane taluka, one of the seven talu ...

,

India India, officially the Republic of India ( Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the ...

. *

2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...

– Syria conducts an air strike on

Khan Shaykhun Khan Shaykhun ( ar, خَان شَيْخُون, Ḵān Šayḵūn), sometimes spelled Khan Sheikhoun or Khan Shikhoun, is a town in the Maarrat al-Nu'man District, within the southern Idlib Governorate of northwestern Syria. Khan Shaykhun is locate ...

using

chemical weapons A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans. According to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), this can be any chemical compound intended as ...

, killing 89 civilians. *

2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...

– China holds a

national day of mourning A national day of mourning is a day or days marked by mourning and memorial activities observed among the majority of a country's populace. They are designated by the national government. Such days include those marking the death or funeral of ...

for martyrs who died in the fight against the novel coronavirus disease outbreak.

Births

Pre-1600

*

188 Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The deno ...

–

Caracalla Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (born Lucius Septimius Bassianus, 4 April 188 – 8 April 217), better known by his nickname "Caracalla" () was Roman emperor from 198 to 217. He was a member of the Severan dynasty, the elder son of Emperor ...

, Roman emperor (d. 217) *

1436 Year 1436 ( MCDXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 11 – Eric of Pomerania is deposed from the Swedish throne for the second t ...

–

Amalia of Saxony, Duchess of Bavaria Amalia of Saxony (4 April 1436 – 19 November 1501) was a princess of Saxony and by marriage Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut. Life Amalia was born in Meissen. She was the oldest of the children of the elector Frederick II of Saxony (1412–1464) ...

-Landshut (d. 1501) *

1490 Year 1490 ( MCDXC) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * January 4 – Anne of Brittany announces that all those who ally themselves with the ...

–

Vojtěch I of Pernstein Vojtěch (Czech pronunciation: ) or Vojtech is a, respectively, Czech and Slovak given name of Slavic origin. It is composed of two parts: ''voj'' – "troops"/"war(rior)" and ''těch'' – "consolator"/"rejoicing man". So, the name could be interp ...

, Bohemian nobleman (d. 1534) *

1492 Year 1492 ( MCDXCII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. 1492 is considered to be a significant year in the history of the West, Europe, Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Spain, and the ...

–

Ambrosius Blarer Ambrosius Blarer (sometimes Ambrosius Blaurer; April 4, 1492 – December 6, 1564) was an influential Protestant reformer in southern Germany and north-eastern Switzerland. Early life Ambrosius Blarer was born 1492 into a leading family of Konst ...

, German-Swiss theologian and reformer (d. 1564) *

1572 Year 1572 ( MDLXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 16 – Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is tried for treason, for his part ...

–

William Strachey William Strachey (4 April 1572 – buried 21 June 1621) was an English writer whose works are among the primary sources for the early history of the English colonisation of North America. He is best remembered today as the eye-witness reporter o ...

, English author (d. 1621) *

1586 Events * January 18 – The 7.9 Tenshō earthquake strikes the Chubu region of Japan, triggering a tsunami and causing at least 8,000 deaths. * June 16 – The deposed and imprisoned Mary, Queen of Scots, recognizes Philip II of ...

–

Richard Saltonstall Sir Richard Saltonstall (baptised Halifax, England 4 April 1586 – October 1661) led a group of English settlers up the Charles River to settle in what is now Watertown, Massachusetts in 1630. He was a nephew of the Lord Mayor of London ...

, English diplomat (d. 1661) *

1593 Events January–December * January – Siege of Pyongyang (1593): A Japanese invasion is defeated in Pyongyang by a combined force of Korean and Ming troops. * January 18 – Siamese King Naresuan, in combat on elephant back, ...

–

Edward Nicholas Sir Edward Nicholas (4 April 15931669) was an English officeholder and politician who served as Secretary of State to Charles I and Charles II. He also sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1629. He served as secretary ...

, English soldier and politician,

Secretary of State for the Southern Department The Secretary of State for the Southern Department was a position in the cabinet of the government of the Kingdom of Great Britain up to 1782, when the Southern Department became the Home Office. History Before 1782, the responsibilities of ...

(d. 1669)

1601–1900

*

1640 Events January–March * January 6 – The Siege of Salses ends almost six months after it had started on June 9, 1639, with the French defenders surrendering to the Spanish attackers. * January 17 – Action of 12–17 Janu ...

–

Gaspar Sanz Francisco Bartolomé Sanz Celma (April 4, 1640 (baptized) – 1710), better known as Gaspar Sanz, was a Spanish composer, guitarist, and priest born to a wealthy family in Calanda in the comarca of Bajo Aragón, Spain. He studied music, theolog ...

, Spanish guitarist, composer, and priest (d. 1710) *

1646 It is one of eight years (CE) to contain each Roman numeral once (1000(M)+500(D)+100(C)+(-10(X)+50(L))+5(V)+1(I) = 1646). Events January–March * January 5 – The English House of Commons approves a bill to provide for Ireland ...

–

Antoine Galland Antoine Galland (; 4 April 1646 – 17 February 1715) was a French orientalist and archaeologist, most famous as the first European translator of ''One Thousand and One Nights'', which he called '' Les mille et une nuits''. His version of the ta ...

, French orientalist and archaeologist (d. 1715) *

1648 1648 has been suggested as possibly the last year in which the overall human population declined, coming towards the end of a broader period of global instability which included the collapse of the Ming dynasty and the Thirty Years' War, t ...

–

Grinling Gibbons Grinling Gibbons (4 April 1648 – 3 August 1721) was an Anglo-Dutch sculptor and wood carver known for his work in England, including Windsor Castle and Hampton Court Palace, St Paul's Cathedral and other London churches, Petworth House and other ...

, Dutch-English sculptor (d. 1721) *

1676 Events January–March * January 29 – Feodor III becomes Tsar of Russia. * January 31 – Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, the oldest institution of higher education in Central America, is founded. * January &ndas ...

–

Giuseppe Maria Orlandini Giuseppe Maria Orlandini (4 April 167624 October 1760) was an Italian baroque composer particularly known for his more than 40 operas and intermezzos. Highly regarded by music historians of his day like Francesco Saverio Quadrio, Jean-Benjamin d ...

, Italian composer (d. 1760) *

1688 Events January–March * January 2 – Fleeing from the Spanish Navy, French pirate Raveneau de Lussan and his 70 men arrive on the west coast of Nicaragua, sink their boats, and make a difficult 10 day march to the city of ...

–

Joseph-Nicolas Delisle Joseph-Nicolas Delisle (; 4 April 1688 – 11 September 1768) was a French astronomer and cartographer. Life Joseph was born in Paris, one of the 11 sons of Claude Delisle (1644–1720). Like many of his brothers, among them Guillaume Delisle, ...

, French astronomer and cartographer (d. 1768) *

1718 Events January – March * January 7 – In India, Sufi rebel leader Shah Inayat Shaheed from Sindh who had led attacks against the Mughal Empire, is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discuss ...

–

Benjamin Kennicott Benjamin Kennicott (4 April 171818 September 1783) was an English churchman and Hebrew scholar. Life Kennicott was born at Totnes, Devon where he attended Totnes Grammar School. He succeeded his father as master of a charity school, but the ...

, English theologian and scholar (d. 1783) *

1752 In the British Empire, it was the only leap year with 355 days, as September 3–13 were skipped when the Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 – The British Empire (except Scotland, which h ...

–

Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli (; 4 April 1752 – 5 May 1837) was an Italian composer, chiefly of opera. Life Early career Zingarelli was born in Naples, where he studied (from the age of 7) at the Santa Maria di Loreto Conservatory under Fena ...

, Italian composer (d. 1837) *

1760 Events January–March * January 9 – Battle of Barari Ghat: Afghan forces defeat the Marathas. * January 22 – Seven Years' War – Battle of Wandiwash, India: British general Sir Eyre Coote is victorious over the ...

–

Juan Manuel Olivares Juan Manuel Hermenegildo de la Luz Olivares (April 4, 1760 – March 1, 1797) was a Venezuelan composer from the Colonial era. Olivares was born in Caracas. As a child, he studied under Don Ambrosio Carreño. In 1784, he began teaching in ...

, Venezuelan organist and composer (d. 1797) *

1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Britain enters the Seven Years' War against Spain and Naples. * January 5 – Empress Elisabeth of Russia dies, and is succeeded by her nephew Peter III. Peter, an admirer of Frederick ...

–

Stephen Storace Stephen John Seymour Storace (4 April 1762 – 19 March 1796) was an English composer of the Classical era, known primarily for his operas. His sister was the famous opera singer Nancy Storace. He was born in London in the Parish of St Marylebo ...

, English actor and composer (d. 1796) *

1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Caro ...

–

Nachman of Breslov Nachman of Breslov ( he, רַבִּי נַחְמָן מִבְּרֶסְלֶב ''Rabbī'' ''Naḥmān mīBreslev''), also known as Reb Nachman of Bratslav, Reb Nachman Breslover ( yi, רבי נחמן ברעסלאווער ''Rebe Nakhmen Breslover'' ...

, Ukrainian founder of the Breslov Hasidic movement (d. 1810) *

1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to allo ...

–

Edward Hicks Edward Hicks (April 4, 1780 – August 23, 1849) was an American folk painter and distinguished religious minister of the Society of Friends (aka "Quakers"). He became a Quaker icon because of his paintings. Biography Early life Edwar ...

, American minister and painter (d. 1849) *

1785 Events January–March * January 1 – The first issue of the '' Daily Universal Register'', later known as '' The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 – Frenchman Jean-Pierre Blanchard and American John Jeffrie ...

–

Bettina von Arnim Bettina von Arnim (the Countess of Arnim) (4 April 178520 January 1859), born Elisabeth Catharina Ludovica Magdalena Brentano, was a German writer and novelist. Bettina (or Bettine) Brentano was a writer, publisher, composer, singer, visual art ...

, German author, illustrator, and composer (d. 1859) *

1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * Februar ...

–

Thaddeus Stevens Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792August 11, 1868) was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Pennsylvania, one of the leaders of the Radical Republican faction of the Republican Party during the 1860s. A fierce opponent of sla ...

, American lawyer and politician (d. 1868) *

1802 Events January–March * January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they were at risk of destruction during the Ot ...

–

Dorothea Dix Dorothea Lynde Dix (April 4, 1802July 17, 1887) was an American advocate on behalf of the indigent mentally ill who, through a vigorous and sustained program of lobbying state legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first g ...

, American nurse and activist (d. 1887) *

1818 Events January–March * January 1 ** Battle of Koregaon: Troops of the British East India Company score a decisive victory over the Maratha Empire. ** Mary Shelley's ''Frankenstein'' is published anonymously in London. * January 2 – ...

–

Thomas Mayne Reid Thomas Mayne Reid (4 April 1818 – 22 October 1883) was an Irish-American novelist, who fought in the Mexican-American War (1846–1848). His many works on American life describe colonial policy in the American colonies, the horrors of slave ...

, Irish-American author and poet (d. 1883) *

1819 Events January–March * January 2 – The Panic of 1819, the first major peacetime financial crisis in the United States, begins. * January 25 – Thomas Jefferson founds the University of Virginia. * January 29 – ...

–

Maria II of Portugal , image = Queen Maria II by John Simpson.jpg , caption = Portrait by John Simpson, 1835 , succession = Queen of Portugal , reign = , predecessor = Pedro IV , successor = Miguel I , reg-type = Regents , regent ...

(d. 1853) *

1821 Events January–March * January 21 – Peter I Island in the Antarctic is first sighted, by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen. * January 28 – Alexander Island, the largest in Antarctica, is first discovered by Fabian Gottlieb von B ...

–

Linus Yale Jr. Linus Yale Jr. (April 4, 1821 – December 25, 1868) was an American mechanical engineer, manufacturer, and co-founder with Henry R. Towne of the Yale Lock Manufacturing Company, which became the premier manufacturer of locks in the United ...

, American engineer and businessman (d. 1868) *

1826 Events January–March * January 15 – The French newspaper '' Le Figaro'' begins publication in Paris, initially as a weekly. * January 30 – The Menai Suspension Bridge, built by engineer Thomas Telford, is opened between the island ...

–

Zénobe Gramme Zénobe Théophile Gramme (4 April 1826 – 20 January 1901) was a Belgian electrical engineer. He was born at Jehay-Bodegnée on 4 April 1826, the sixth child of Mathieu-Joseph Gramme, and died at Bois-Colombes on 20 January 1901. He invented ...

, Belgian engineer, invented the

Gramme machine A Gramme machine, Gramme ring, Gramme magneto, or Gramme dynamo is an electrical generator that produces direct current, named for its Belgian inventor, Zénobe Gramme, and was built as either a dynamo or a magneto. It was the first generator to p ...

(d. 1901) *

1829 Events January–March * January 19 – August Klingemann's adaptation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's '' Faust'' premieres in Braunschweig. * February 27 – Battle of Tarqui: Troops of Gran Colombia and Peru battle to a draw. * ...

–

Owen Suffolk Owen Hargrave Suffolk (4 April 1829 – ? ) was an Australian bushranger, poet, confidence-man and author of ''Days of Crime and Years of Suffering'' (1867). Early life Owen Henry Suffolk was born on 4 April 1829 in comfortable circumstances in ...

, Australian bushranger, poet, confidence-man and author (d. ?) *

1835 Events January–March * January 7 – anchors off the Chonos Archipelago on her second voyage, with Charles Darwin on board as naturalist. * January 8 – The United States public debt contracts to zero, for the only time in history ...

–

John Hughlings Jackson John Hughlings Jackson, FRS (4 April 1835 – 7 October 1911) was an English neurologist. He is best known for his research on epilepsy. Biography He was born at Providence Green, Green Hammerton, near Harrogate, Yorkshire, the youngest ...

, English physician and neurologist (d. 1911) *

1842 Events January–March * January ** Michael Alexander takes office, as the first appointee to the Anglican-German Bishopric in Jerusalem. ** American medical student William E. Clarke of Berkshire Medical College becomes the first pe ...

–

Édouard Lucas __NOTOC__ François Édouard Anatole Lucas (; 4 April 1842 – 3 October 1891) was a French mathematician. Lucas is known for his study of the Fibonacci sequence. The related Lucas sequences and Lucas numbers are named after him. Biography Lu ...

, French mathematician and theorist (d. 1891) *

1843 Events January–March * January ** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel '' Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States. ** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...

–

William Henry Jackson William Henry Jackson (April 4, 1843 – June 30, 1942) was an American photographer, Civil War veteran, painter, and an explorer famous for his images of the American West. He was a great-great nephew of Samuel Wilson, the progenitor of Am ...

, American painter and photographer (d. 1942) *

1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway's bridge, over the Venetian Lagoon between ...

–

Comte de Lautréamont Comte de Lautréamont () was the ''Pen name, nom de plume'' of Isidore Lucien Ducasse (4 April 1846 – 24 November 1870), a French language, French poet born in Uruguay. His only works, ''Les Chants de Maldoror'' and ''Poésies'', had a majo ...

, Uruguayan-French poet and educator (d. 1870) *

1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...

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James Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy James Henry Mussen Campbell, 1st Baron Glenavy (4 April 1851 – 22 March 1931) was an Irish lawyer, politician in the British Parliament and later in the Oireachtas of the Irish Free State. He was also Lord Chancellor of Ireland. Barrister ...

, Irish lawyer and politician (d. 1931) *

1853 Events January–March * January 6 – Florida Governor Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the University of Florida. * January 8 – Taiping Re ...

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Remy de Gourmont Remy de Gourmont (4 April 1858 – 27 September 1915) was a French symbolist poet, novelist, and influential critic. He was widely read in his era, and an important influence on Blaise Cendrars and Georges Bataille. The spelling ''Rémy'' de G ...

, French poet, novelist, and critic (d. 1915) *

1868 Events January–March * January 2 – British Expedition to Abyssinia: Robert Napier leads an expedition to free captive British officials and missionaries. * January 3 – The 15-year-old Mutsuhito, Emperor Meiji of Ja ...

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Philippa Fawcett Philippa Garrett Fawcett (4 April 1868 – 10 June 1948) was an English mathematician and educationalist. She was the first woman to obtain the top score in the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos exams. She taught at Newnham College, Cambridge, and at ...

, English mathematician and educator (d. 1948) *

1869 Events January–March * January 3 – Abdur Rahman Khan is defeated at Tinah Khan, and exiled from Afghanistan. * January 5 – Scotland's oldest professional football team, Kilmarnock F.C., is founded. * January 20 &ndash ...

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Mary Colter Mary may refer to: People * Mary (name), a feminine given name (includes a list of people with the name) Religious contexts * New Testament people named Mary, overview article linking to many of those below * Mary, mother of Jesus, also ca ...

, American architect, designed the

Desert View Watchtower Desert View Watchtower, also known as the Indian Watchtower at Desert View, is a -high stone building located on the South Rim of the Grand Canyon within Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona, United States. The tower is located at Desert View, m ...

(d. 1958) *

1875 Events January–March * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of th ...

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Pierre Monteux Pierre Benjamin Monteux (; 4 April 18751 July 1964) was a French (later American) conducting, conductor. After violin and viola studies, and a decade as an orchestral player and occasional conductor, he began to receive regular conducting enga ...

, Sephardic Jewish French-American viola player and conductor (d. 1964) *

1876 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Reichsbank opens in Berlin. ** The Bass Brewery Red Triangle becomes the world's first registered trademark symbol. * February 2 – The National League, National League of Professional Ba ...

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Maurice de Vlaminck Maurice de Vlaminck (4 April 1876 – 11 October 1958) was a French painter. Along with André Derain and Henri Matisse, he is considered one of the principal figures in the Fauve movement, a group of modern artists who from 1904 to 1908 ...

, French painter and poet (d. 1958) *

1878 Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle ...

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Walter Conrad Arensberg Walter Conrad Arensberg (April 4, 1878 – January 29, 1954) was an American art collector, critic and poet. His father was part owner and president of a crucible steel company. He majored in English and philosophy at Harvard University. With his ...

, American art collector, critic and poet (d. 1954) * 1878 –

Stylianos Lykoudis Stylianos Lykoudis ( el, Στυλιανός Λυκούδης, 1878-1958) was a Royal Hellenic Navy rear admiral, best known for his long service as head of the Navy's Lighthouse Service (Υπηρεσία Φάρων). He was also a scholar and histo ...

, Greek admiral and historian (d. 1958) *

1879 Events January–March * January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold, for the first time since the American Civil War. * January 11 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins. * Janu ...

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Gustav Goßler Gustav Ludwig Goßler (4 April 1879 in Hamburg – 4 April 1940 in Hamburg) was a German rower who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He was part of the German boat Germania Ruder Club, Hamburg Der Hamburger und Germania Ruder Club (DHu ...

, German rower (d. 1940) *

1884 Events January–March * January 4 – The Fabian Society is founded in London. * January 5 – Gilbert and Sullivan's '' Princess Ida'' premières at the Savoy Theatre, London. * January 18 – Dr. William Price att ...

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James Alberione James Alberione, SSP ( it, Giacomo) (4 April 1884 – 26 November 1971), was an Italian Catholic priest, and the founder of the Society of St. Paul, of the Daughters of St. Paul, of the Pious Disciples of the Divine Master, of the Sisters of Jesu ...

, Italian priest, founded the

Society of St. Paul The Society of Saint Paul ( la, Societas a Sancto Paulo Apostolo) abbreviated SSP and also known as the Paulines, is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of Pontifical Right for men founded on 20 August 1914 at Alba, Piedmont in Italy by G ...

(d. 1971) * 1884 –

Isoroku Yamamoto was a Marshal Admiral of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and the commander-in-chief of the Combined Fleet during World War II until he was killed. Yamamoto held several important posts in the IJN, and undertook many of its changes and reor ...

, Japanese admiral (d. 1943) *

1886 Events January–March * January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, following its conquest in the Third Anglo-Burmese War of November 1885. * January 5– 9 – Robert Louis Stevenson's novella ''Strange ...

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Frank Luther Mott Frank Luther Mott (April 4, 1886 – October 23, 1964) was an American historian and journalist, who won the 1939 Pulitzer Prize for History for Volumes II and III of his series, ''A History of American Magazines''. Early life and education Mott ...

, American historian and journalist (d. 1964) *

1888 In Germany, 1888 is known as the Year of the Three Emperors. Currently, it is the year that, when written in Roman numerals, has the most digits (13). The next year that also has 13 digits is the year 2388. The record will be surpassed as late ...

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Tris Speaker Tristram Edgar Speaker (April 4, 1888 – December 8, 1958), nicknamed "the Gray Eagle", was an American professional baseball player. Considered one of the greatest players in the history of Major League Baseball (MLB), he compiled a career bat ...

, American baseball player and manager (d. 1958) * 1888 –

Zdzisław Żygulski, Sr. Zdzisław may refer to: People * Zdzisław (given name), a Slavic male given name Places * Zdzisław, Lubusz Voivodeship Zdzisław (german: Unruhsau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Babimost, within Zielona Góra County, L ...

, Polish historian and academic (d. 1975) *

1889 Events January–March * January 1 ** The total solar eclipse of January 1, 1889 is seen over parts of California and Nevada. ** Paiute spiritual leader Wovoka experiences a vision, leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in th ...

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Makhanlal Chaturvedi Pandit Makhanlal Chaturvedi (4 April 1889 – 30 January 1968), also called Pandit ji, was an Indian poet, writer, essayist, playwright and a journalist who is particularly remembered for his participation in India's national struggle for indepe ...

, Indian journalist, poet, and playwright (d. 1968) *

1892 Events January–March * January 1 – Ellis Island begins accommodating immigrants to the United States. * February 1 - The historic Enterprise Bar and Grill was established in Rico, Colorado. * February 27 – Rudolf Diesel applies f ...

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Italo Mus Italo Mus (4 April 1892 – 15 May 1967) was an Italian painter. Early years and family Italo Mus was born in Chaméran, in the municipality of Châtillon to parents from the Aosta Valley. His mother Martine Vallaise was from a noble fam ...

, Italian painter (d. 1967) * 1892 –

Edith Södergran Edith Irene Södergran (4 April 1892 – 24 June 1923) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish poet. One of the first modernists within Swedish-language literature, her influences came from French Symbolism, German expressionism, and Russian fu ...

, Swedish-Finnish poet (d. 1923) *

1895 Events January–March * January 5 – Dreyfus affair: French officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his army rank, and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island. * January 12 – The National Trust for Places of Histor ...

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Arthur Murray Arthur Murray (born Moses Teichman, April 4, 1895 – March 3, 1991) was an American ballroom dancer and businessman, whose name is most often associated with the dance studio chain that bears his name. Early life and start in dance Arthur Mur ...

, American dancer and educator (d. 1991) *

1896 Events January–March * January 2 – The Jameson Raid comes to an end, as Jameson surrenders to the Boers. * January 4 – Utah is admitted as the 45th U.S. state. * January 5 – An Austrian newspaper reports that Wil ...

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Robert E. Sherwood Robert Emmet Sherwood (April 4, 1896 – November 14, 1955) was an American playwright and screenwriter. He is the author of ''Waterloo Bridge (play), Waterloo Bridge, Idiot's Delight (play), Idiot's Delight, Abe Lincoln in Illinois (play), Abe ...

, American playwright and screenwriter (d. 1955) *

1897 Events January–March * January 2 – The International Alpha Omicron Pi sorority is founded, in New York City. * January 4 – A British force is ambushed by Chief Ologbosere, son-in-law of the ruler. This leads to a punit ...

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Pierre Fresnay Pierre Fresnay (4 April 1897 – 9 January 1975) was a French stage and film actor. Biography Born Pierre Jules Louis Laudenbach, he was encouraged by his uncle, actor Claude Garry, to pursue a career in theater and film. He joined the company a ...

, French actor and screenwriter (d. 1975) *

1898 Events January–March * January 1 – New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York as the world's second largest. The city is geographically divided into five boroughs: Manhattan, B ...

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Agnes Ayres Agnes Ayres (born Agnes Henkel; April 4, 1896 – December 25, 1940) was an American actress who rose to fame during the silent film era. She was known for her role as Lady Diana Mayo in '' The Sheik'' opposite Rudolph Valentino. Career Ayres b ...

, American actress (d. 1940) *

1899 Events January 1899 * January 1 ** Spanish rule ends in Cuba, concluding 400 years of the Spanish Empire in the Americas. ** Queens and Staten Island become administratively part of New York City. * January 2 – **Bolivia sets up a ...

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Hillel Oppenheimer Hillel Oppenheimer ( he, הלל אופנהיימר, born Heinz Reinhard Oppenheimer; 4 April 1899 – 15 June 1971), was an Israeli professor of botany. Biography Hillel Oppenheimer was born in Berlin, Germany. His father was Franz Oppenheimer, ...

, German-Israeli botanist and academic (d. 1971)

1901–present

*

1902 Events January * January 1 ** The Nurses Registration Act 1901 comes into effect in New Zealand, making it the first country in the world to require state registration of nurses. On January 10, Ellen Dougherty becomes the world's ...

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Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin Marie Louise Lévêque de Vilmorin (4 April 1902 – 26 December 1969) was a French novelist, poet and journalist. Vilmorin was best known as a writer of delicate but mordant tales, often set in aristocratic or artistic milieu. Early life Born ...

, French journalist and author (d. 1969) * 1902 –

Stanley G. Weinbaum Stanley Grauman Weinbaum (April 4, 1902 – December 14, 1935) was an American science fiction writer. His first story, "A Martian Odyssey", was published to great acclaim in July 1934; the alien Tweel was arguably the first character to satisf ...

, American author and poet (d. 1935) *

1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia (Shostakovich's 11th Symphony is ...

– Eugène Bozza, French composer and conductor (d. 1991) * 1905 – Erika Nõva, Estonian architect and engineer (d. 1987) *1906 – Bea Benaderet, Turkish-Irish-American television, radio, and voice actress (d. 1968) * 1906 – John Cameron Swayze, American journalist (d. 1995) *1907 – Robert Askin, Australian sergeant and politician, 32nd Premier of New South Wales (d. 1981) *1910 – Đặng Văn Ngữ, Vietnamese physician and academic (d. 1967) *

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

– Dave Brown (rugby league, born 1913), Dave Brown, Australian rugby league player (d. 1974) * 1913 – Rosemary Lane (actress), Rosemary Lane, American actress and singer (d. 1974) * 1913 – Frances Langford, American actress and singer (d. 2005) * 1913 – Jules Léger, Canadian lawyer and politician, 21st Governor General of Canada (d. 1980) * 1913 – Muddy Waters, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1983) *1914 – Richard Coogan, American actor (d. 2014) * 1914 – Marguerite Duras, French novelist, screenwriter, and director (d. 1996) * 1914 – David W. Goodall, Australian ecologist and botanist (d. 2018) *1915 – Louis Archambault, Canadian sculptor (d. 2003) *1916 – Nikola Ljubičić, Serbian general and politician, 10th List of Presidents of Serbia, President of Serbia (d. 2005) * 1916 – Mickey Owen, American baseball player and coach (d. 2005) * 1916 – David White (actor), David White, American actor (d. 1990) *1918 – George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe, English soldier and politician, Leader of the House of Lords (d. 2007) *1920 – Ignatius IV of Antioch, Greek patriarch (d. 2012) *1921 – Orunamamu, American-Canadian author and educator (d. 2014) * 1921 – Elizabeth Wilson, American actress (d. 2015) *1922 – Elmer Bernstein, American composer and conductor (d. 2004) *1923 – Peter Vaughan, English actor (d. 2016) * 1923 – Gene Reynolds, American actor, director, producer and screenwriter (d. 2020) *1924 – Bob Christie (racing driver), Bob Christie, American race car driver (d. 2009) * 1924 – Gil Hodges, American baseball player and manager (d. 1972) *

1925 Events January * January 1 ** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria. * January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the It ...

– Dettmar Cramer, German footballer and manager (d. 2015) * 1925 – Frank Truitt, American basketball player and coach (d. 2014) * 1925 – Claude Wagner, Canadian lawyer, judge, and politician (d. 1979) * 1925 – Emmett Williams, American poet and author (d. 2007) * 1926 – Ronnie Masterson, Irish actress (d. 2014) *1927 – Joe Orlando, Italian-American author and illustrator (d. 1998) *1928 – Maya Angelou, American memoirist and poet (d. 2014) * 1928 – Jimmy Logan, Scottish actor, director, and producer (d. 2001) * 1928 – Monty Norman, English singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2022) *1929 – Humbert Allen Astredo, American actor (d. 2016) *1930 – Netty Herawaty, Indonesian actress (d. 1989) *1931 – James Dickens, English politician (d. 2013) * 1931 – Bobby Ray Inman, American admiral and intelligence officer * 1931 – Catherine Tizard, New Zealand politician, 16th List of Governors-General of New Zealand, Governor-General of New Zealand (d. 2021) *1932 – Clive Davis, American record producer, founded Arista Records and J Records * 1932 – Richard Lugar, American lieutenant and politician, 44th List of mayors of Indianapolis, Mayor of Indianapolis (d. 2019) * 1932 – Anthony Perkins, American actor (d. 1992) * 1932 – Johanna Reiss, Dutch-American author * 1932 – Andrei Tarkovsky, Russian director and producer (d. 1986) *

1933 Events January * January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. * January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...

– Bill France Jr., American businessman (d. 2007) * 1933 – Brian Hewson, English runner * 1933 – Bapu Nadkarni, Indian cricketer (d. 2020) *1934 – Helen Hanft, American actress (d. 2013) * 1934 – Kronid Lyubarsky, Russian journalist and activist (d. 1996) *1935 – Geoff Braybrooke, English-New Zealand soldier and politician (d. 2013) * 1935 – Kenneth Mars, American actor and comedian (d. 2011) * 1935 – Trevor Griffiths, English playwright and educator *1938 – A. Bartlett Giamatti, American businessman and academic (d. 1989) *1939 – JoAnne Carner, American golfer * 1939 – Darlene Hooley, American educator and politician * 1939 – Hugh Masekela, South African trumpeter, flugelhornist, cornetist, composer, and singer (d. 2018) *1940 – Richard Attwood, English race car driver * 1940 – Sharon Sheeley, American singer-songwriter (d. 2002) *1941 – Zia Uddin, Bangladeshi Islamic scholar and politician *1942 – Jim Fregosi, American baseball player and manager (d. 2014) * 1942 – Kitty Kelley, American journalist and biographer * 1942 – Elizabeth Levy, American author *

1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in No ...

– Magda Aelvoet, Belgian politician * 1944 – Mary Kenny, Irish journalist, author, and playwright * 1944 – Bob McDill, American country music songwriter * 1944 – Craig T. Nelson, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter * 1944 – Nelson Prudêncio, Brazilian triple jumper and educator (d. 2012) * 1944 – Toktamış Ateş, Turkish academician, political commentator, columnist and writer (d. 2013) *

1945 1945 marked the end of World War II and the fall of Nazi Germany and the Empire of Japan. It is also the only year in which nuclear weapons have been used in combat. Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. Januar ...

– Daniel Cohn-Bendit, French-German educator and politician * 1945 – Caroline McWilliams, American actress (d. 2010) * 1946 – Colin Coates, Australian speed skater * 1946 – Dave Hill, English guitarist * 1946 – Katsuaki Satō, Japanese martial artist and coach * 1946 – György Spiró, Hungarian author and playwright * 1946 – Bubba Wyche, American football player and coach *1947 – Wiranto, Indonesian general and politician * 1947 – Ray Fosse, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2021) * 1947 – Eliseo Soriano, Filipino minister and television host (d. 2021) *1948 – Abdullah Öcalan, Turkish activist * 1948 – Berry Oakley, American bass player (d. 1972) * 1948 – Richard Parsons (businessman), Richard Parsons, American lawyer and businessman * 1948 – Dan Simmons, American author * 1948 – Derek Thompson (actor), Derek Thompson, Northern Irish actor * 1948 – Pick Withers, English drummer *

1949 Events January * January 1 – A United Nations-sponsored ceasefire brings an end to the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947. The war results in a stalemate and the division of Kashmir, which still continues as of 2022. * January 2 – ...

– Junior Braithwaite, Jamaican-American singer (d. 1999) * 1949 – Litsa Diamanti, Greek singer * 1949 – Shing-Tung Yau, Chinese-American mathematician and academic *1950 – Christine Lahti, American actress and director *1951 – John Hannah (American football), John Hannah, American football player and coach *1952 – Rosemarie Ackermann, German high jumper * 1952 – Pat Burns, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2010) * 1952 – Gregg Hansford, Australian race car driver and motorcycle racer (d. 1995) * 1952 – Cherie Lunghi, English actress and dancer * 1952 – Karen Magnussen, Canadian figure skater and coach * 1952 – Gary Moore, Northern Irish singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 2011) * 1952 – Villy Søvndal, Danish educator and politician, List of Danish foreign ministers, Danish Minister of Foreign Affairs *1953 – Robert Bertrand, Canadian politician * 1953 – Henry Fotheringham, South African cricketer * 1953 – Simcha Jacobovici, Canadian director, producer, journalist, and author * 1953 – Sammy Wilson (politician), Sammy Wilson, Northern Irish politician, 31st Lord Mayor of Belfast * 1953 – Chen Yi (composer), Chen Yi, Chinese violinist and composer *1956 – Evelyn Hart, Canadian ballerina * 1956 – Tom Herr, American baseball player and manager * 1956 – David E. Kelley, American screenwriter and producer *1957 – Paul Downton, English cricketer * 1957 – Aki Kaurismäki, Finnish director, producer, and screenwriter * 1957 – Graeme Kelling, Scottish guitarist (d. 2004) * 1957 – Nobuyoshi Kuwano, Japanese singer and trumpet player * 1958 – Peter Baltes, German bass player * 1958 – Cazuza, Brazilian singer-songwriter (d. 1990) * 1958 – Rodney Eade, Australian footballer and coach *1959 – Phil Morris (actor), Phil Morris, American actor and screenwriter *

1960 It is also known as the " Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * J ...

– Jonathan Agnew, English cricketer and sportscaster * 1960 – Jane Eaglen, English soprano * 1960 – Godknows Igali, Nigerian diplomat, civil servant and technocrat * 1960 – Hugo Weaving, Nigerian-Australian actor and producer *1961 – Hildi Santo-Tomas, American interior decorator *1962 – Craig Adams (musician), Craig Adams, English bass player and songwriter * 1962 – Kailasho Devi, Indian social worker and politician *

1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...

– A. Michael Baldwin, American actor, producer, and screenwriter * 1963 – Jack Del Rio, American football player and coach * 1963 – Dale Hawerchuk, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2020) * 1963 – Jane McDonald, English singer and broadcaster * 1963 – Graham Norton, Irish actor and talk show host *

1964 Events January * January 1 – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. * January 5 - In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the fifteenth century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarc ...

– Branco (footballer), Branco, Brazilian footballer and coach * 1964 – Dr. Chud, American drummer and singer * 1964 – Anthony Clark (actor), Anthony Clark, American actor * 1964 – David Cross, American actor, producer, and screenwriter * 1964 – Paul Parker (footballer), Paul Parker, England international footballer and TV pundit * 1964 – Đặng Thân, Vietnamese writer and poet *1965 – Vinny Burns, English guitarist and producer * 1965 – Robert Downey Jr., American actor, producer, and screenwriter *1966 – Nancy McKeon, American actress * 1966 – Mike Starr (musician), Mike Starr, American bass player (d. 2011) * 1966 – Christos Tsekos (basketball), Christos Tsekos, Greek basketball player *

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...

– Edith Masai, Kenyan-German runner * 1967 – George Mavrotas, Greek water polo player and politician *

1968 The year was highlighted by Protests of 1968, protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechos ...

– Jesús Rollán, Spanish water polo player (d. 2006) *

1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 ** Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...

– Piotr Anderszewski, Polish pianist and composer * 1969 – Karren Brady, English journalist and businesswoman *1970 – Georgios Amanatidis, Greek footballer and manager * 1970 – Dimitris Basis, Greek singer * 1970 – Greg Garcia (producer), Greg Garcia, American director, producer, and screenwriter * 1970 – Barry Pepper, Canadian actor and producer * 1970 – Jason Stoltenberg, Australian tennis player * 1970 – Josh Todd (musician), Josh Todd, American singer-songwriter and actor * 1970 – Yelena Yelesina, Russian high jumper *1971 – Yanic Perreault, Canadian ice hockey player and coach * 1971 – Malik Yusef, American actor, producer, and poet * 1971 – John Zandig, American wrestler and promoter *1972 – Jim Dymock, Australian rugby league player and coach * 1972 – Jill Scott (singer), Jill Scott, American singer-songwriter and actress * 1972 – Magnus Sveningsson, Swedish bass player *

1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...

– Chris Banks (American football), Chris Banks, American football player (d. 2014) * 1973 – David Blaine, American magician and producer * 1973 – Loris Capirossi, Italian motorcycle racer * 1973 – Peter Hoekstra (footballer), Peter Hoekstra, Dutch footballer and coach * 1973 – Chris McCormack (triathlete), Chris McCormack, Australian triathlete and coach * 1973 – Kelly Price, American singer-songwriter *

1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...

– Delphine Arnault, French businesswoman * 1975 – Thobias Fredriksson, Swedish skier * 1975 – Joyce Giraud, Puerto Rican television actress and producer, Miss Puerto Rico, Miss Puerto Rico 1994 * 1975 – Pamela Ribon, American actress, screenwriter, and author * 1975 – Miranda Lee Richards, American singer-songwriter * 1975 – Scott Rolen, American baseball player * 1975 – Kevin Weekes, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster *1976 – Nathan Blacklock, Australian rugby player * 1976 – Sébastien Enjolras, French race car driver (d. 1997) * 1976 – Emerson Ferreira da Rosa, Brazilian footballer * 1976 – James Roday, American actor, director, and screenwriter *

1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrati ...

– Stephan Bonnar, American mixed martial artist * 1977 – Keith Bulluck, American football player and sportscaster * 1977 – Adam Dutkiewicz, American guitarist, songwriter, and producer * 1977 – Stephen Mulhern, English magician and television host * 1977 – Omarr Smith, American football player and coach *1978 – Jason Ellison, American baseball player and scout * 1978 – Alan Mahon, Irish footballer *

1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...

– Heath Ledger, Australian actor (d. 2008) * 1979 – Roberto Luongo, Canadian ice hockey player * 1979 – Natasha Lyonne, American actress * 1979 – Andy McKee, American guitarist * 1979 – Maksim Opalev, Russian canoeist *1980 – Johnny Borrell, English singer-songwriter and guitarist * 1980 – Trevor Moore (comedian), Trevor Moore, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2021) * 1980 – Eric Steinbach, American football player * 1980 – Björn Wirdheim, Swedish race car driver *

1981 Events January * January 1 ** Greece enters the European Economic Community, predecessor of the European Union. ** Palau becomes a self-governing territory. * January 10 – Salvadoran Civil War: The FMLN launches its first major off ...

– Currensy, American rapper * 1981 – Eduardo Luís Carloto, Brazilian footballer * 1981 – Casey Daigle, American baseball player * 1981 – Anna Pyatykh, Russian triple jumper * 1981 – Ned Vizzini, American author and screenwriter (d. 2013) *1982 – Justin Cook, American voice actor and producer * 1982 – Magnus Lindgren (chef), Magnus Lindgren, Swedish chef (d. 2012) *

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...

– Evgeny Artyukhin, Russian ice hockey player * 1983 – Eric Andre, American comedian * 1983 – Ben Gordon, American basketball player * 1983 – Doug Lynch (ice hockey), Doug Lynch, Canadian ice hockey player * 1983 – Natalie Pike, Scottish-English model and actress * 1983 – Amanda Righetti, American actress *

1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...

– Sean May, American basketball player * 1984 – Arkady Vyatchanin, Russian swimmer *1985 – Rudy Fernández (basketball), Rudy Fernández, Spanish basketball player * 1985 – Dudi Sela, Israeli tennis player * 1985 – Ricardo Vilar, Brazilian footballer *1986 – Eunhyuk, South Korean singer-songwriter and dancer * 1986 – Cameron Barker, Canadian ice hockey player * 1986 – Maurice Manificat, French skier * 1986 – Aiden McGeady, Scottish-born Irish footballer * 1986 – Alexander Tettey, Norwegian footballer *1987 – Sami Khedira, German footballer * 1987 – McDonald Mariga, Kenyan footballer * 1987 – Cameron Maybin, American baseball player * 1987 – Marcos Vellidis, Greek footballer * 1987 – Sarah Gadon, Canadian actress * 1988 – Frank Fielding, English footballer *1989 – Vurnon Anita, Dutch footballer * 1989 – Steven Finn, English cricketer * 1989 – Chris Herd, Australian footballer *

1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...

– Yui Koike, Japanese singer and actress *1991 – Asia Muhammad, American tennis player * 1991 – Justin O'Neill, Australian rugby league player * 1991 – Jamie Lynn Spears, American actress and singer * 1991 – Marlon Stöckinger, Filipino race car driver *1992 – Lucy May Barker, English actress and singer * 1992 – Christina Metaxa, Cypriot singer-songwriter * 1992 – Ricky Dillon, American youtuber and singer *1993 – Samir Carruthers, English footballer * 1993 – Frank Kaminsky, American basketball player *

1994 File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which sank in the Baltic Sea; Nelson Ma ...

– Shunsuke Nishikawa, Japanese actor * 1994 – Risako Sugaya, Japanese singer and actress *

1996 File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 800, causing the plane to crash and killing everyone on b ...

– Austin Mahone, American singer-songwriter and actor

Deaths

Pre-1600

* 397 – Ambrose, Roman archbishop and saint (b. 338) * 636 – Isidore of Seville, Spanish archbishop and saint (b. 560) * 814 – Plato of Sakkoudion, Byzantine monk and saint (b. 735) * 896 – Pope Formosus, Formosus, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 816) * 911 (year), 911 – Liu Yin (Southern Han), Liu Yin, Chinese warlord and governor (b. 874) * 931 – Kong Xun, Chinese official and governor (b. 884) * 968 – Abu Firas al-Hamdani, Arab prince and poet (b. 932) * 991 – Reginold of Eichstätt, Reginold, bishop of Eichstätt *1284 – Alfonso X of Castile, Alfonso X, king of Castile and León (b. 1221) *1292 – Pope Nicholas IV, Nicholas IV, pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1227) *1406 – Robert III of Scotland, Robert III, king of Scotland (b.1337) *1483 – Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex (b. c. 1405) *1536 – Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach (b. 1460) *1538 – Elena Glinskaya, Grand Princess and regent of Russia *1588 – Frederick II of Denmark, Frederick II, king of Denmark and Norway (b. 1534) *1596 – Philip II, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (b. 1533)

1601–1900

*

1609 Events January–June * January – The Basque witch trials begin. * January 15 – One of the world's first newspapers, ''Avisa Relation oder Zeitung'', begins publication in Wolfenbüttel (Holy Roman Empire). * January ...

– Carolus Clusius, Flemish botanist, mycologist, and academic (b. 1526) *1617 – John Napier, Scottish mathematician, physicist, and astronomer (b. 1550) *1643 – Simon Episcopius, Dutch theologian and academic (b. 1583) *1661 – Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven, Scottish field marshal (b. 1580) *1743 – Daniel Neal, English historian and author (b. 1678) *1761 – Théodore Gardelle, Swiss painter (b. 1722) *1766 – John Taylor (classical scholar), John Taylor, English librarian and scholar (b. 1704) *1774 – Oliver Goldsmith, Irish novelist, playwright and poet (b. 1728) *

1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * February 18 – Thomas Holcroft produces the comedy '' The Road to Ruin'' in London. * Februar ...

– James Sykes (Continental Congress), James Sykes, American lawyer and politician (b. 1725) *1807 – Jérôme Lalande, French astronomer and academic (b. 1732) *1817 – André Masséna, French general (b. 1758) *

1841 Events January–March * January 20 – Charles Elliot of the United Kingdom, and Qishan of the Qing dynasty, agree to the Convention of Chuenpi. * January 26 – Britain occupies Hong Kong. Later in the year, the first census of the i ...

–

William Henry Harrison William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest pres ...

, American general and politician, 9th

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the Federal government of the United States#Executive branch, executive branch of the Federal gove ...

(b. 1773) *

1846 Events January–March * January 5 – The United States House of Representatives votes to stop sharing the Oregon Country with the United Kingdom. * January 13 – The Milan–Venice railway's bridge, over the Venetian Lagoon between ...

– Solomon Sibley, American lawyer and politician, 1st List of mayors of Detroit, Mayor of Detroit (b. 1769) *1861 – John McLean, American jurist and politician, 6th United States Postmaster General (b. 1785) *1863 – Ludwig Emil Grimm, German painter and engraver (b. 1790) *1864 – Joseph Pitty Couthouy, American commander and paleontologist (b. 1808) *1870 – Heinrich Gustav Magnus, German chemist and physicist (b. 1802) *1874 – Charles Ernest Beulé, French archaeologist and politician (b. 1826) *

1875 Events January–March * January 1 – The Midland Railway of England abolishes the Second Class passenger category, leaving First Class and Third Class. Other British railway companies follow Midland's lead during the rest of th ...

– Karl Mauch, German geographer and explorer (b. 1837) *

1878 Events January–March * January 5 – Russo-Turkish War – Battle of Shipka Pass IV: Russian and Bulgarian forces defeat the Ottoman Empire. * January 9 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy. * January 17 – Battle ...

– Richard M. Brewer, American criminal (b. 1850) *

1879 Events January–March * January 1 – The Specie Resumption Act takes effect. The United States Note is valued the same as gold, for the first time since the American Civil War. * January 11 – The Anglo-Zulu War begins. * Janu ...

– Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist and meteorologist (b. 1803) *1883 – Peter Cooper, American businessman and philanthropist, founded Cooper Union (b. 1791) *1890 – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, Canadian lawyer and politician, 1st Premier of Quebec (b. 1820) * 1890 – Edmond Hébert, French geologist and academic (b. 1812)

1901–present

*1912 – Charles Brantley Aycock, American lawyer and politician, 50th Governor of North Carolina (b. 1859) * 1912 – Isaac K. Funk, American minister, lexicographer, and publisher, co-founded Funk & Wagnalls (b. 1839) *

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

–

Emmanouil Argyropoulos Emmanouil Argyropoulos ( el, Εμμανουήλ Αργυρόπουλος; 1889 – 4 April 1913) was a Greek pioneer aviator of the early 20th century. Apart from being the first Greek aviator who performed a flight over his homeland, he also be ...

, Greek pioneer aviator (b. 1889) * 1913 – Konstantinos Manos, Greek politician, poet, soldier and sportsman (b. 1869) *1919 – William Crookes, English chemist and physicist (b. 1832) * 1919 – Jacinta and Francisco Marto, Francisco Marto, Portuguese saint (b. 1908) *1923 – John Venn, English mathematician and philosopher, created the Venn diagram (b. 1834) *1928 – Konstantinos Maleas, Greek painter (b. 1879) *1929 – Karl Benz, German engineer and businessman, founded Mercedes-Benz (b. 1844) *1931 – André Michelin, French businessman, co-founded the Michelin, Michelin Tyre Company (b. 1853) *1932 – Wilhelm Ostwald, Latvian-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1853) *

1933 Events January * January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand. * January 17 – The United States Congress votes in favour of Philippines independence, against the wis ...

– Elizabeth Bacon Custer, American author and educator (b. 1842) *

1944 Events Below, the events of World War II have the "WWII" prefix. January * January 2 – WWII: ** Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in No ...

– Morris H. Whitehouse, American architect (b. 1878) *1951 – George Albert Smith, American religious leader, 8th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1870) *1953 – Carol II of Romania (b. 1893) *1957 – E. Herbert Norman, Canadian historian and diplomat (b. 1909) * 1958 – Johnny Stompanato, American soldier and bodyguard (b. 1925) *1961 – Harald Riipalu, Estonian military commander (b. 1912) * 1961 – Simion Stoilow, Romanian mathematician and academic (b. 1873) *

1963 Events January * January 1 – Bogle–Chandler case: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation scientist Dr. Gilbert Bogle and Mrs. Margaret Chandler are found dead (presumed poisoned), in bushland near the Lane Co ...

– Oskari Tokoi, Finnish socialist and the Chairman of the Senate of Finland (b. 1873) *

1967 Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 5 ** Spain and Romania sign an agreement in Paris, establ ...

– Al Lewis (lyricist), Al Lewis, American songwriter (b. 1901) * 1967 – Héctor Scarone, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1898) *

1968 The year was highlighted by Protests of 1968, protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechos ...

–

Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...

, American minister and activist, Nobel Peace Prize, Nobel Prize laureate (

assassinated Assassination is the murder of a prominent or important person, such as a head of state, head of government, politician, world leader, member of a royal family or CEO. The murder of a celebrity, activist, or artist, though they may not have ...

) (b. 1929) *1972 – Adam Clayton Powell Jr., American pastor and politician (b. 1908) * 1972 – Stefan Wolpe, German-American composer and academic (b. 1902) *1976 – Harry Nyquist, Swedish engineer and theorist (b. 1889) *

1977 Events January * January 8 – Three bombs explode in Moscow within 37 minutes, killing seven. The bombings are attributed to an Armenian separatist group. * January 10 – Mount Nyiragongo erupts in eastern Zaire (now the Democrati ...

– Andrey Dikiy, Ukrainian-American journalist, historian, and politician (b. 1893) *

1979 Events January * January 1 ** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...

–

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Zulfikar (or Zulfiqar) Ali Bhutto ( ur, , sd, ذوالفقار علي ڀٽو; 5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979), also known as Quaid-e-Awam ("the People's Leader"), was a Pakistani barrister, politician and statesman who served as the four ...

, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 4th President of Pakistan (b. 1928) * 1979 – Edgar Buchanan, American actor (b. 1903) *1980 – Red Sovine, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1917) *

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to TCP/IP is officially completed (this is considered to be the beginning ...

– Gloria Swanson, American actress (b. 1899) * 1983 – Bernard Vukas, Croatian football player, played for 1953 FIFA's "Rest of the World" team against England at Wembley (b. 1927) *

1984 Events January * January 1 – The Bornean Sultanate of Brunei gains full independence from the United Kingdom, having become a British protectorate in 1888. * January 7 – Brunei becomes the sixth member of the Association of Southeast As ...

– Oleg Antonov (aircraft designer), Oleg Antonov, Russian-Ukrainian engineer and businessman, founded Antonov (b. 1906) *1985 – Kate Roberts (author), Kate Roberts, Welsh author and activist (b. 1891) *1987 – C. L. Moore, American author and academic (b. 1911) * 1987 – Chögyam Trungpa, Tibetan guru, poet, and scholar (b. 1939) * 1987 – Sachchidananda Vatsyayan, Indian journalist and author (b. 1911) *

1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...

– Edmund Adamkiewicz, German footballer (b. 1920) * 1991 – Max Frisch, Swiss playwright and novelist (b. 1911) * 1991 – H. John Heinz III, American soldier and politician (b. 1938) * 1991 – Graham Ingels, American illustrator (b. 1915) *1992 – Yvette Brind'Amour, Canadian actress and director (b. 1918) * 1992 – Jack Hamilton (footballer, born 1928), Jack Hamilton, Australian footballer (b. 1928) * 1992 – Arthur Russell (musician), Arthur Russell, American singer-songwriter and cellist (b. 1951) *1993 – Alfred Mosher Butts, American game designer, invented Scrabble (b. 1899) * 1993 – Douglas Leopold, Canadian radio and television host (b. 1947) *1995 – Kenny Everett, English radio and television host (b. 1944) * 1995 – Priscilla Lane, American actress (b. 1915) *

1996 File:1996 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: A bomb explodes at Centennial Olympic Park in Atlanta, set off by a radical anti-abortionist; The center fuel tank explodes on TWA Flight 800, causing the plane to crash and killing everyone on b ...

– Barney Ewell, American runner and long jumper (b. 1918) * 1996 – Boone Guyton, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1913) *1997 – Leo Picard, German-Israeli geologist and academic (b. 1900) * 1997 – Alparslan Türkeş, Turkish colonel and politician, 39th List of Deputy Prime Ministers of Turkey, Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey (b. 1917) *1999 – Lucille Lortel, American actress, artistic director and producer (b. 1900) * 1999 – Early Wynn, American baseball player and sportscaster (b. 1920) *2001 – Liisi Oterma, Finnish astronomer (b. 1915) * 2001 – Ed Roth, American illustrator and engineer (b. 1932) * 2001 – Maury Van Vliet, American-Canadian academic (b. 1913) *2003 – Anthony Caruso (actor), Anthony Caruso, American actor (b. 1916) *2004 – Briek Schotte, Belgian cyclist and coach (b. 1919) *2005 – Edward Bronfman, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1924) *2007 – Bob Clark, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1941) * 2007 – Karen Spärck Jones, English computer scientist and academic (b. 1935) *2008 – Francis Tucker, South African race car driver (b. 1923) *

2009 File:2009 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The vertical stabilizer of Air France Flight 447 is pulled out from the Atlantic Ocean; Barack Obama becomes the first African American to become President of the United States; 2009 Iran ...

– Maxine Cooper, American actress, activist and photographer (b. 1924) *2011 – Scott Columbus, American drummer (b. 1956) * 2011 – Juliano Mer-Khamis, Israeli actor, director, and activist (b. 1958) *2012 – A. Dean Byrd, American psychologist and academic (b. 1948) * 2012 – Dimitris Christoulas, Greek pensioner who committed suicide in public (b. 1935) * 2012 – Anne Karin Elstad, Norwegian author and educator (b. 1938) * 2012 – Claude Miller, French director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1942) * 2012 – Dubravko Pavličić, Croatian footballer (b. 1967) * 2012 – Roberto Rexach Benítez, Puerto Rican academic and politician, 10th President of the Senate of Puerto Rico (b. 1929) *

2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...

– Bengt Blomgren, Swedish actor, director, and screenwriter (b. 1923) * 2013 – Roger Ebert, American journalist, critic, and screenwriter (b. 1942) * 2013 – Carmine Infantino, American illustrator (b. 1925) * 2013 – Tommy Tycho, Hungarian-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1928) * 2013 – Ian Walsh (rugby league), Ian Walsh, Australian rugby player and coach (b. 1933) * 2013 – Noboru Yamaguchi (author), Noboru Yamaguchi, Japanese author (b. 1972) *2014 – İsmet Atlı, Turkish wrestler and trainer (b. 1931) * 2014 – Wayne Henderson (musician), Wayne Henderson, American trombonist and producer (b. 1939) * 2014 – Kumba Ialá, Bissau-Guinean soldier and politician, List of heads of state of Guinea-Bissau, President of Guinea-Bissau (b. 1953) * 2014 – Margo MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician (b. 1943) * 2014 – Curtis Bill Pepper, American journalist and author (b. 1917) * 2014 – Muhammad Qutb, Egyptian author and academic (b. 1919) *2015 – Jamaluddin Jarjis, Malaysian engineer and politician (b. 1951) * 2015 – Elmer Lach, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918) * 2015 – Donald N. Levine, American sociologist and academic (b. 1931) * 2015 – Klaus Rifbjerg, Danish author and poet (b. 1931) *2016 – Chus Lampreave, Spanish actress (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

* Children's Day (Hong Kong, Taiwan) * Christian Calendar of saints, feast day: ** Benedict the Moor ** Gaetano Catanoso ** Isidore of Seville **

Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. (born Michael King Jr.; January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist, one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 1968 ...

(Episcopal Church (USA)) ** Reginald Heber (Anglican Church of Canada) ** Tigernach of Clones ** Plato of Sakkoudion ** April 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) * Independence Day (Senegal), Independence Day, celebrates the independence of

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣� ...

from France (1960). * Peace Day (Angola) * One of the possible days for Qingming Festival.

References

External links

BBC: On This Day
*
Historical Events on April 4
{{months Days of the year April