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First Balkan War
The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Bulgaria, Bulgaria, Kingdom of Serbia, Serbia, Kingdom of Greece, Greece and Kingdom of Montenegro, Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire. The Balkan states' combined armies overcame the initially numerically inferior (significantly superior by the end of the conflict) and strategically disadvantaged Ottoman armies, achieving rapid success. The war was a comprehensive and unmitigated disaster for the Ottomans, who lost 83% of their European territories and 69% of their European population.''Balkan Savaşları ve Balkan Savaşları'nda Bulgaristan'' Süleyman Uslu As a result of the war, the League captured and partitioned al ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kosovska Mitrovica
Mitrovica (Albanian language, Albanian Definiteness, indefinite Albanian morphology#Nouns (declension), form: ''Mitrovicë''; sr-Cyrl, Митровица, Mitrovica), also referred to as Kosovska Mitrovica ( sr-Cyrl, Косовска Митровица, Kosovska Mitrovica; Albanian language, Albanian: ''Mitrovica e Kosovës'') and South Mitrovica (; sr-Cyrl, Јужна Митровица, Južna Mitrovica), is a city in northern Kosovo and administrative center of the District of Mitrovica. In 2013, the city was split into two municipalities, South Mitrovica and North Mitrovica. Settled from Gazivoda Lake, Ujmani/Gazivoda Lake, on the confluence of the rivers Ibar (river), Ibër, Sitnica, Sitnicë, Lushta, and Trepça, the city is surrounded by the mountains of Kopaonik, Rogozna, Mokna, and Çyçavica. According to the 2024 Census, the two municipalities had 72,662 inhabitants of which 64,742 reside in south and 7,920 in north. The history of Mitrovica is rooted in antiquity, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stiliyan Kovachev
Stiliyan Kovachev (; 26 February 1860 in Yanbolu ( Yambol) – 11 July 1939 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian general. During the First Balkan War he commanded the Rodopi Detachment and later 4th Army. He was a Minister of Defense for short time in the beginning of the Second Balkan War in the government of Stoyan Danev (1913). Biography Stiliyan Kovachev was born on 26 February in Yanbolu ( Yambol), then under Ottoman rule. He received his elementary education in Yanbolu and in İslimiye ( Sliven). Since early age he entered the Yambol Revolutionary Committee where he assisted Dimitar Drazhev helping for the correspondence of the committee. When the April Uprising broke out the ''cheta'' of Drazhev joined the squad of Ilarion Dragostinov and Stoil Voyvoda. During battle to the north of Sliven, Georgi Drazhev was captured by the Turks and hanged on 29 June 1876, but Kovachev managed to escape the gallows. After the Liberation of Bulgaria the 18-year-old Kovachev continued his educ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peter I Of Serbia
Peter I (; – 16 August 1921) was King of Serbia from 15 June 1903 to 1 December 1918. On 1 December 1918, he became King of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and he held that title until his death three years later. Since he was the king of Serbia during a period of great Serbian military success, he was remembered by Serbians as King Peter the Liberator and also as the Old King. Peter was the fifth child and third son of Alexander Karađorđević, Prince of Serbia, and his wife, Persida Nenadović. Prince Alexander was forced to abdicate in 1858, and Peter lived with his family in exile. He fought with the French Foreign Legion in the Franco-Prussian War. He joined as a volunteer under the alias Peter Mrkonjić ( sr-Cyrl, Петар Мркоњић, Petar Mrkonjić) in the Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) against the Ottoman Empire. In 1883, Prince Peter married Princess Ljubica, daughter of King Nicholas I of Montenegro. Ljubica became known as Princess Zorka upon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantinos Damianos
Konstantinos Damianos (, 1853–1915) was a senior Hellenic Army officer who fought in the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913. He was born in Athens in about 1853, and graduated from the Hellenic Military Academy on 7 February 1878 as an artillery adjutant. He fought in the Epirus front of the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 with the rank of major. In 1911, he was named CO of the 3rd Infantry Division at Missolonghi, which he also commanded during the Balkan Wars, with the rank of major general. In 1914 he was promoted to lieutenant general and assigned the command of the newly constituted IV Army Corps at Kavala. He was suspended from active service on 4 April 1915 and died in Athens Athens ( ) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities and towns in Greece, largest city of Greece. A significant coastal urban area in the Mediterranean, Athens is also the capital of the Attica (region), Attica region and is the southe ... on 23 September 1915. References 1850s births 191 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dimitrios Matthaiopoulos
Dimitrios Matthaiopoulos (, 1861–1923) was a senior Hellenic Army officer who participated in the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913. Biography He was born in Piraeus in 1861, entered the Hellenic Military Academy and was commissioned as an Engineer officer on 24 March 1881. He participated in the Greco-Turkish War of 1897. Between 1900 and 1910 Matthaiopoulos taught military engineering and fortification works at the Hellenic Military Academy. Between 1910 and 1912, as colonel, he supervised the construction of fortifications around on the Greco-Ottoman border in Thessaly. During the mobilization before the outbreak of the First Balkan War, Matthaiopoulos was placed as CO of the 5th Infantry Division, newly formed from reservists. During the war, he was tasked with covering the left flank of the Army of Thessaly through his division's advance into Western Macedonia. His division, however, was attacked by superior Ottoman troops and driven back at the Battle of Sorovich, on 22–24 O ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Konstantinos Sapountzakis
Konstantinos Sapountzakis (; 1846–1931) was a Hellenic Army officer. He is notable as the first head of the Hellenic Army General Staff and as the first commander of the Army of Epirus during the First Balkan War. Early career The son of Lieutenant General Vasileios Sapountzakis, he was born in Nafplio in about 1846. He entered the Hellenic Army Academy, graduating as an artillery adjutant in 1865. He became a second lieutenant on 9 May 1867, a lieutenant in 1873, captain II class in 1878, captain I class in 1880, major in 1882, lieutenant colonel in 1890, and full colonel in 1896. In 1867 he returned to Crete and with his father and fought in the ongoing Cretan Revolt (1866–1869), Cretan uprising. Following the failure of the revolt, he was sent for studies abroad, in Germany, Britain and France. He was appointed professor of military technology at the Army Academy, as well as tutor and aide de camp to Constantine I of Greece, Crown Prince Constantine. At the outbreak of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolaos Delagrammatikas
Nikolaos Delagrammatikas (, born 1853) was a senior Hellenic Army officer who fought in the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 and the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913. He was born in Chalkis in about 1853, and enlisted in the Hellenic Army as an NCO. In 1878, as a sergeant, he fought in the cross-border incursion into Ottoman territory that resulted in the battle of Gribovo, and again in the border skirmishes of 1886, this time as a Second Lieutenant. During the 1897 war he was a captain, and distinguished himself through his bravery in the Battle of Velestino, earning a field promotion. On the outbreak of the First Balkan War, he commanded the 7th Infantry Regiment within the Army of Thessaly. Following the capture of Thessaloniki, he led a mixed force of regular and irregular forces to the capture of the island of Chios, which he accomplished against strong opposition by the Ottoman garrison. After the capture of Chios, he and his men were transferred to the Epirus sector, where he led o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ioannis Damianos
Ioannis Damianos (, 1861–1920) was a senior Greek Navy officer who fought in the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913. He was born on 31 January 1861 in Hydra. He served in the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 and in the Balkan Wars of 1912–13 as head of the Ionian Sea The Ionian Sea (, ; or , ; , ) is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, ... squadron and later as head of the cruiser squadron. He also repeatedly held the post of Minister for Naval Affairs. He retired from service on 20 October 1917 and died on 12 June 1920. References 1861 births 1920 deaths Hellenic Navy admirals Greek military personnel of the Balkan Wars Greek military personnel of the Greco-Turkish War (1897) Ministers of naval affairs of Greece {{Greece-mil-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pavlos Kountouriotis
Pavlos Kountouriotis (; 9 April 1855 – 22 August 1935) was a Greek admiral who served during the Balkan Wars, was regent of Greece, and the first president of the Second Hellenic Republic. In total he served four times as head of the Greek state, the most times in the history of the seat. Early life Pavlos Kountouriotis was born on the island of Hydra to Theodoros Kountouriotis, Consul and Member of the Greek Parliament and Loukia Negreponte. From his father's side he descended from the Kountouriotis, an Arvanite Hydriot family originally from the village of Kountoura, in the Megarid. Pavlos used Arvanitika frequently as well, and his personal secretary wrote about him that whenever he traveled to Hydra he preferred to use only Arvanitika. He was the grandson of Georgios, a shipowner who like many members of his family, participated in the Greek War of Independence and served as Prime Minister of Greece under King Otto. From his mother's side he was descended from the Negr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Panagiotis Danglis
Panagiotis Danglis (; – 9 March 1924) was a Greek military officer and politician. He is particularly notable for inventing the Schneider-Danglis mountain gun, his service as chief of staff in the Balkan Wars, and participation in the Triumvirate of the Provisional Government of National Defence during the First World War. Life Origin and early life Panagiotis Danglis was born in Atalanti on 17 November 1853, where his father was serving in an infantry battalion. His family was of Souliot origin, speaking the Soulotic dialect of Albanian at home, and had a long and distinguished history: Panagiotis was named after his grandfather, Giotis Danglis, a Souliot chieftain who had begun serving under Napoleon during the second French occupation of the Ionian Islands, and had become a general during the Greek War of Independence. His son, Georgios Danglis (1809–1896), was born in exile in Corfu, entered the Hellenic Army in 1828 in time to fight in the last campaigns of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constantine I Of Greece
Constantine I (, Romanization, romanized: ''Konstantínos I''; – 11 January 1923) was King of Greece from 18 March 1913 to 11 June 1917 and again from 19 December 1920 to 27 September 1922. He was commander-in-chief of the Hellenic Army during the unsuccessful Greco-Turkish War (1897), Greco-Turkish War of 1897 and led the Greek forces during the successful Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, in which Greece expanded to include Thessaloniki, doubling in area and population. The eldest son of George I of Greece, he succeeded to the throne following his father's assassination in 1913. Constantine's disagreement with Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over whether Greece should enter World War I led to the National Schism. Under Allied duress, the country was essentially split between the pro-Venizelos North and the royalist South, ushering in a protracted civil war. He forced Venizelos to resign twice, but in 1917 Constantine left Greece, after threats by the Allies of World War I, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eleftherios Venizelos
Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos (, ; – 18 March 1936) was a Cretan State, Cretan Greeks, Greek statesman and prominent leader of the Greek national liberation movement. As the leader of the Liberal Party (Greece), Liberal Party, Venizelos served as prime minister of Greece for over 12 years, spanning eight terms from 1910 to 1933. He first made his mark on the international stage with his leading role in securing the autonomy of the Cretan State, and later in the island's Enosis, union with Kingdom of Greece, Greece. In 1909, he was invited to Athens to resolve the Goudi coup, political deadlock and became Prime Minister. He initiated constitutional and economic reforms that set the basis for the modernization of Greek society and reorganized both the Greek Army and the Greek Navy in preparation for future conflicts. Before the Balkan Wars of 1912–1913, Venizelos' catalytic role helped Greece to gain entrance to the Balkan League, an alliance of the Balkan states against th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
