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Papyrus 74
Papyrus 74 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by 𝔓74, is a copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic epistles with lacunae. The manuscript paleographically had been assigned to the 7th century. Description ; Contents The surviving texts are verses: Acts 1:2–28:31 †; James 1:1–5:20 †; 1 Peter 1:1–2, 7–8, 13, 19–20, 25; 2:6–7, 11–12, 18, 24; 3:4–5; 2 Peter 2:21; 3:4, 11, 16; 1 John 1:1, 6; 2:1–2, 7, 13–14, 18–19, 25–26; 3:1–2, 8, 14, 19–20; 4:1, 6–7, 12, 18–19; 5:3–4, 9–10, 17; 2 John 1, 6–7, 13; 3 John 6, 12; Jude 3, 7, 11–12, 16, 24. ; Text Despite the late date, it is an important manuscript and excellent witness for the book of Acts. The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland ascribed it as a "strict text", and placed it in Category I. : Acts 12:25 it reads εξ Ιερουσαλημ (''from Jerusalem'') along wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bodmer Papyri
The Dishna Papers, also often known as the Bodmer Papyri, are a group of twenty-two papyri discovered in Dishna, Egypt in 1952. Later, they were purchased by Martin Bodmer and deposited at the Bodmer Library in Switzerland. The papyri contain segments from the Old and New Testaments, early Christian literature, Homer, and Menander. The oldest, P66 dates to . Most of the papyri are kept at the Bodmer Library, in Cologny, Switzerland outside Geneva. In 2007, the Vatican Library acquired Bodmer Papyrus 14–15 (known as P75 and as the Mater Verbi ( Hanna)) Papyrus. Since the papers are held not only at the Bodmer Library, but also at the Vatican, Oslo, Barcelona, and other locations, many scholars have preferred the term ''Dishna Papers'' since the mid-2010s.Lundhaug, Hugo. ‘The Dishna Papers and the Nag Hammadi Codices: The Remains of a Single Monastic Library?’, in ''The Nag Hammadi Library and Late Antique Egypt'', ed. Hugo Lundhaug and Lance Jenott. Tübingen: Moh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 33
Minuscule 33 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 48 ( Soden), before the French Revolution was called ''Codex Colbertinus 2844''. It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 9th century. The manuscript is lacunose. It has marginalia. According to the textual critics it is one of the best minuscule manuscripts of the New Testament. Description The codex contains part of the Prophets of the Old Testament, and all the books of the New Testament (except Revelation of John), on 143 parchment leaves (), with three lacunae in Gospel of Mark, and Gospel of Luke (Mark 9:31-11:11; 13:11-14:60; Luke 21:38-23:26). The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numerals are given at the margin, and the τίτλοι (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. It contains Prolegomena to the Catholic epistles and the Pauline epistles (folios 73-76), the Euthalian Apparatus. It is written on a parchment in minus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 1891
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper- and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters: each in the majuscule set has a counterpart in the minuscule set. Some counterpart letters have the same shape, and differ only in size (e.g. ), but for others the shapes are different (e.g., ). The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are typically treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often denoted by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 1739
Minuscule 1739 or Codex Athous Laurae 184 is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament made of parchment. It is designated as 1739 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and as α 78 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is dated to the 10th century. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles on 102 parchment leaves (23 cm by 17.5 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 35 lines per page. The Epistle to the Hebrews is placed before 1 Timothy. It contains marginal notes, with lectionary markings added by a later hand. There is however evidence that the manuscript might originally have been a full copy of the New Testament (without Revelation), due to the current first collection of pages stating they are the 13th, of which twelve earlier coll ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 945
Letter case is the distinction between the letters that are in larger uppercase or capitals (more formally ''majuscule'') and smaller lowercase (more formally ''minuscule'') in the written representation of certain languages. The writing systems that distinguish between the upper- and lowercase have two parallel sets of letters: each in the majuscule set has a counterpart in the minuscule set. Some counterpart letters have the same shape, and differ only in size (e.g. ), but for others the shapes are different (e.g., ). The two case variants are alternative representations of the same letter: they have the same name and pronunciation and are typically treated identically when sorting in alphabetical order. Letter case is generally applied in a mixed-case fashion, with both upper and lowercase letters appearing in a given piece of text for legibility. The choice of case is often denoted by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthogra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 453
Minuscule 453 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A πρ40 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on a parchment. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. Formerly it was labelled by 81a. Description The codex contains the text of the Acts of the Apostles, Catholic epistles on 295 parchment leaves (). The text is written in two columns per page, in 32 lines per page. It contains Prolegomena to the Acts, table of the (''tables of contents'') to the Acts, numbers of the (''chapters'') to the Acts are given at the margin, the (''titles'') in Acts and epistles, and a commentary. Text The Greek text of the codex is a mixture of text-types. Aland placed it in Category III. In Acts 8:37 it has additional verse together with the manuscripts Codex Laudanius, 323, 945, 1739, 1891, 2818 (formerly 36a), and several others.Nestle-Aland, ''Novum Testamentum Graece'', 26th edition, p. 345; Bruce M. Metzger, ''A Textual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Minuscule 36
Minuscule 36 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), A20 ( von Soden). It is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, written on vellum. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 12th century. It has complex contents and full marginalia. Description The codex contains the complete text of the four Gospels on 509 parchment leaves (). The text is written in 1 column per page, 19 lines per page.K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, "Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments", ''Walter de Gruyter'', Berlin, New York 1994, p. 48. The text is divided according to the (''chapters''), whose numbers are given at the margin, and the (''titles of chapters'') at the top of the pages. There is also a division according to the Ammonian Sections, with references to the Eusebian Canons. It contains the Epistula ad Carpianum, the Eusebian Canon tables, Prolegomena to Mark, tables of the (''tables of contents'') before each Gospel, prolegomena, pict ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Athous Lavrensis
The Codex Athous Laurae is a manuscript of the New Testament written in Greek uncial letters on parchment. It is designated by Ψ or 044 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 6 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament Manuscripts. The manuscript has many gaps in the text, as well as containing handwritten notes (known as marginalia). Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), the codex is dated to the 8th or 9th century. The codex is currently kept in the Great Lavra monastery (B' 52) on the Athos peninsula. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing 261 parchment leaves (sized ), with the text-block being . The text is written in small uncial letters, in one column of 31 lines per page. These letters have breathings (utilised to designate vowel emphasis) and accents (used to indicate voiced pitch changes). The codex contains a table of contents ("" / ''kephalaia'') before each book, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Laudianus
Codex Laudianus, designated by Ea or 08 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1001 ( von Soden), called ''Laudianus'' after the former owner, Archbishop William Laud. It is a diglot Latin — Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, palaeographically assigned to the 6th century. The manuscript contains the Acts of the Apostles. Description The manuscript is a diglot, with Greek and Latin in parallel columns on the same page, with the Latin in the left-hand column. The codex contains 227 parchment leaves, sized , with almost the complete text of the Book of Acts ( lacuna in 26:29-28:26). It is the earliest known manuscript to contain Acts 8:37. The text is written in two columns per page, 24 and more lines per page. It is arranged in very short lines of only one to three words each. The text is written colonmetrically. Text The Greek text of this codex exhibits a mixture of text-types, usually the Byzantine, but there are many Western and some Alexandrian reading ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Bezae
The Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis is a bi-lingual Greek and Latin manuscript of the New Testament written in an uncial hand on parchment. It is designated by the siglum D or 05 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 5 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. It contains most of the four Gospels and Acts, with a small fragment of 3 John. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it is currently dated to the 5th century. Codex Bezae is renowned for having a distinctive text of the four Gospels and Acts, and is a leading member of the "Western" recension. The manuscript has been studied extensively. A digital facsimile of the codex is available from Cambridge University Library, which holds the manuscript. Description The manuscript is a codex (the precursor to the modern book), containing the text of the four Gospels, Acts and 3 John written on 406 extant parchment leaves, from perhaps an original 534 (si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Codex Ephraemi
The Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (Paris, National Library of France, Greek 9) is a manuscript of the Greek Bible, written on parchment. It is designated by the siglum C or 04 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 3 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. It contains most of the New Testament and some Old Testament books, with sizeable portions missing. It is one of the four great uncials (these being manuscripts which originally contained the whole of both the Old and New Testaments). The manuscript is not intact: its current condition contains material from every New Testament book except 2 Thessalonians and 2 John; however, only six books of the Greek Old Testament are represented. It is not known whether 2 Thessalonians and 2 John were excluded on purpose, or whether no fragment of either epistle happened to survive. The manuscript is a palimpsest, with the pages being washed of their original text, and reused in the 12th centur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandrinus
The Codex Alexandrinus (London, British Library, Royal MS 1. D. V-VIII) is a manuscript of the Greek Bible,The Greek Bible in this context refers to the Bible used by Greek-speaking Christians who lived in Egypt and elsewhere during the early history of Christianity. This Bible contained both the Old and New Testaments in Koine Greek. written on parchment. It is designated by the siglum A or 02 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and δ 4 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. It contains the majority of the Greek Old Testament and the Greek New Testament. It is one of the four Great uncial codices (these being manuscripts which originally contained the whole of both the Old and New Testaments). Along with Codex Sinaiticus and Vaticanus, it is one of the earliest and most complete manuscripts of the Bible. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been dated to the fifth century. It derives its name from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
