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Transacylase
Acyltransferase is a type of transferase enzyme that acts upon acyl groups. Examples include: * Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases * Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase * Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase *Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase In enzymology, a long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :acyl-CoA + a long-chain alcohol \rightleftharpoons CoA + a long-chain ester Thus, the two substrate (biochemistry), su ... See also * Acetyltransferase External links * Transferases EC 2.3 {{2.3-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glycerol-3-phosphate Acyltransferase
In enzymology, a glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :acyl-CoA + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate \rightleftharpoons CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Thus, the two substrate (biochemistry), substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and sn-glycerol 3-phosphate, whereas its two product (chemistry), products are coenzyme A, CoA and 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The List of enzymes, systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase. Other names in common use include alpha-glycerophosphate acyltransferase, 3-glycerophosphate acyltransferase, ACP:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferase, glycerol phosphate acyltransferase, glycerol phosphate transacylase, glycerophosphate acyltransferase, glycerophosphate transac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acyl Group
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group () or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl group is alkyl) is usually derived from a carboxylic acid, in which case it has the formula , where R represents an organyl group or hydrogen. Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids. In the most common arrangement, acyl groups are attached to a larger molecular fragment, in which case the carbon and oxygen atoms are linked by a double bond. Reactivity trends There are five main types of acyl derivatives. Acid halides are the most reactive towards nucleophiles, followed by anhydrides, esters, and amides. Carboxylate ions are esse ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transferase
In biochemistry, a transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of different biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life's most important processes. Transferases are involved in myriad reactions in the cell. Three examples of these reactions are the activity of coenzyme A (CoA) transferase, which transfers thiol esters, the action of N-acetyltransferase, which is part of the pathway that metabolizes tryptophan, and the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA. Transferases are also utilized during translation. In this case, an amino acid chain is the functional group transferred by a peptidyl transferase. The transfer involves the removal of the growing amino acid chain from the tRNA molecule in the A-site of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enzyme
An enzyme () is a protein that acts as a biological catalyst by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrate (chemistry), substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as product (chemistry), products. Almost all metabolism, metabolic processes in the cell (biology), cell need enzyme catalysis in order to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life. Metabolic pathways depend upon enzymes to catalyze individual steps. The study of enzymes is called ''enzymology'' and the field of pseudoenzyme, pseudoenzyme analysis recognizes that during evolution, some enzymes have lost the ability to carry out biological catalysis, which is often reflected in their amino acid sequences and unusual 'pseudocatalytic' properties. Enzymes are known to catalyze more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types. Other biocatalysts include Ribozyme, catalytic RNA molecules, also called ribozymes. They are sometimes descr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acyl
In chemistry, an acyl group is a moiety derived by the removal of one or more hydroxyl groups from an oxoacid, including inorganic acids. It contains a double-bonded oxygen atom and an organyl group () or hydrogen in the case of formyl group (). In organic chemistry, the acyl group (IUPAC name alkanoyl if the organyl group is alkyl) is usually derived from a carboxylic acid, in which case it has the formula , where R represents an organyl group or hydrogen. Although the term is almost always applied to organic compounds, acyl groups can in principle be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids and phosphonic acids. In the most common arrangement, acyl groups are attached to a larger molecular fragment, in which case the carbon and oxygen atoms are linked by a double bond. Reactivity trends There are five main types of acyl derivatives. Acid halides are the most reactive towards nucleophiles, followed by anhydrides, esters, and amides. Carboxylate ions ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase
Glyceronephosphate ''O''-acyltransferase is an enzyme associated with rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 2. The gene encoding it, ''GNPAT'', is located on chromosome 1 on the plus strand. The gene '' C1orf131'' is located directly upstream of it, and the closest downstream gene is ''EXOC8 Exocyst complex component 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EXOC8'' gene. Interactions EXOC8 has been shown to interact with RALB Ras-related protein Ral-B (RalB) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RALB'' gene ...''. References External links * EC 2.3.1 {{2.3-enzyme-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase
In enzymology, a long-chain-alcohol O-fatty-acyltransferase () is an enzyme that catalysis, catalyzes the chemical reaction :acyl-CoA + a long-chain alcohol \rightleftharpoons CoA + a long-chain ester Thus, the two substrate (biochemistry), substrates of this enzyme are acyl-CoA and long-chain alcohol, whereas its two product (chemistry), products are coenzyme A, CoA and long-chain ester. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The List of enzymes, systematic name of this enzyme class is acyl-CoA:long-chain-alcohol O-acyltransferase. Other names in common use include wax synthase, and wax-ester synthase. In general, wax syntheses naturally accept acyl groups with carbon chain lengths of C16 or C18 and linear alcohols with carbon chain lengths ranging from C12 to C20. Variation There are three unrelated families of wax syntheses found in many organisms including bacteria, higher p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acetyltransferase
An acetyltransferase (also referred to as a transacetylase) is any of a class of transferase enzymes that transfers an acetyl group in a reaction called acetylation. In biological organisms, post-translational modification of a protein via acetylation can profoundly transform its functionality by altering various properties like hydrophobicity, solubility, and surface attributes. These alterations have the potential to influence the protein's conformation and its interactions with substrates, cofactors, and other macromolecules. Types of acetyltransferases Additional examples of acetyltransferases found in nature include: * Chloramphenicol acetyltransferase Structure The predicted three-dimensional structures of histone, choline, and serotonin acetyltransferases are shown below. As with all enzymes, the structures of acetyltransferases are essential for interactions between them and their substrates; alterations to the structures of these enzymes often result in a loss o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transferases
In biochemistry, a transferase is any one of a class of enzymes that catalyse the transfer of specific functional groups (e.g. a methyl group, methyl or glycosyl group) from one molecule (called the donor) to another (called the acceptor). They are involved in hundreds of different Molecular pathway, biochemical pathways throughout biology, and are integral to some of life's most important processes. Transferases are involved in myriad reactions in the cell. Three examples of these reactions are the activity of coenzyme A (CoA) Coenzyme A transferases, transferase, which transfers Thioester, thiol esters, the action of N-acetyltransferase, which is part of the pathway that metabolizes tryptophan, and the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), which converts pyruvate to acetyl CoA. Transferases are also utilized during translation. In this case, an amino acid chain is the functional group transferred by a peptidyl transferase. The transfer involves the removal of the growing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
