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Neonothopanus
''Neonothopanus'' is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Marasmiaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species '' N. nambi'' is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while '' N. gardneri'' is found in South America. Both of these species are bioluminescent. '' N. hygrophanus'', found in central Africa, was added to the genus in 2011. See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , fir ... References * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Ron Petersen {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Gardneri
''Neonothopanus gardneri'', locally known as flor de coco, is a bioluminescent fungus native to Goiás, Piauí and Tocantins states in Brazil. The fungus was first discovered in 1839 by the English botanist George Gardner, after he came across some youths playing with glowing material in the streets of Villa de Natividade in Goiás state in Brazil. Initially thinking it was a firefly, he then discovered it was a mushroom—known as ''Flor de Coco'' locally—that was common locally and found on decaying palm leaves. Gardner sought to call it ''Agaricus phosphorescens''. However, his colleague Miles Joseph Berkeley opined that the attribute was not unique, and hence described it with the specific name ''A. gardneri''. Gardner thought it resembled members of the genus ''Pleurotus'' in structure, while Berkeley felt it was more akin to the genus ''Panus'' but conceded spores were necessary for further classification. It was rediscovered in February 2005 by scientists Patrici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Hygrophanus
''Neonothopanus'' is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Marasmiaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species '' N. nambi'' is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while '' N. gardneri'' is found in South America. Both of these species are bioluminescent. '' N. hygrophanus'', found in central Africa, was added to the genus in 2011. See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , fir ... References * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Ron Petersen {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Nambi
''Neonothopanus nambi'' is a poisonous and bioluminescent mushroom in the family Marasmiaceae. The genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying this species' bioluminescence were published in 2019, the first to be elucidated for a fungus. In 2020, genes from this fungus were used to create bioluminescent tobacco plants. Italian-Argentinian naturalist Carlo Luigi Spegazzini described the species in 1883 as ''Agaricus nambí'' in the subgenus ''Pleurotus'', from material collected in December 1879 near Guarapí, a locality in Yaguarón, Paraguarí Department, Paraguay. Pier Andrea Saccardo placed it in the genus '' Pleurotus''. Ronald H. Petersen and Irmgard Krisai placed the fungus in the new genus ''Neonothopanus ''Neonothopanus'' is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Marasmiaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species '' N. nambi'' is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while '' N.&nb ...'' in 1999. Refe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Marasmiaceae Genera
The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973 , title=''Rectipilus'', eine neue Gattung cyphelloider Pilze , journal=Persoonia , volume=7 , pages=389–436 , language=de , trans-title=''Rectipilus'', a New Genus of Cyphelloid Fungi {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973–1974 , title=''Flagelloscypha''. Studien an cyphelloiden Basidiomyceten. , journal=Sydowia , volume=27 , issue=1–6 , pages=131–265 , language=de , trans-title=Studies on Cyphelloid Basidiomycetes. ''Flagelloscypha'' {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first= R. , year=1980 , title=Contribution to neotropical cyphellaceous fungi - II. ''Deigloria'' gen.nov. (Physalacriaceae). , journal=Mycotaxon , volume=12 , issue=1 , pages=185–200 , url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioluminescent
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescence occurs widely in marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria, and terrestrial arthropods such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic bacteria such as those from the genus ''Vibrio''; in others, it is autogenic, produced by the animals themselves. In a general sense, the principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves a light-emitting molecule and an enzyme, generally called luciferin and luciferase, respectively. Because these are generic names, luciferins and luciferases are often distinguished by the species or group, e.g. firefly luciferin. In all characterized cases, the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of the luciferin. In some species, the luciferase requires other cofactors, such as calcium or magnesium ions, and some ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi which have white spores. They mostly have tough stems and the capability of shrivelling up during a dry period and later recovering. The widely consumed edible fungus '' Lentinula edodes'', the shiitake mushroom, is a member of this family. According to a 2008 estimate, the family contains 54 genera and 1590 species. The family Omphalotaceae, described by A. Bresinsky in 1985 as a segregate from the Tricholomataceae, has been considered synonymous with Marasmiaceae. However DNA analyses by Moncalvo et al. in 2002 and Matheny et al. in 2006 have now led to that family being accepted by Index Fungorum and most recent references. The following genera are included in that family : '' Anthracophyllum'', '' Gymnopus'', '' Lentinula'', ''Marasmiellus'', ''Mycetinis'', ''Rhodocollybia'', '' Omphalotus''. Genera See also *List of Agaricales families The Agaricales are an order of fungi in the class Agaricomycetes (division Ba ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaric
An agaric () is a type of fungus fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. In the UK, agarics are called "mushrooms" or "toadstools". In North America they are typically called "gilled mushrooms". "Agaric" can also refer to a basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Archaically, agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin ''agaricum''); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name '' Agaricus'' for gilled mushrooms. Most species of agaricus belong to the order Agaricales in the subphylum Agaricomycotina. The exceptions, where agarics have evolved independently, feature largely in the orders Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes. Old systems of classification placed all agarics in the Agaricales and some (mostly older) sour ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen(s). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name that has that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have such types. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. If we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in Genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in Genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecular phylogene ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus (plural, : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of Eukaryote, eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and Mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a Kingdom (biology), kingdom, separately from the other eukaryotic kingdoms, which by one traditional classification include Plantae, Animalia, Protozoa, and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single gro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. '' Panthera leo'' (lion) and '' Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. phylogenetic analysis should c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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