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Neonothopanus Hygrophanus
''Neonothopanus'' is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Omphalotaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species '' N. nambi'' is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while '' N. gardneri'' is found in South America. Both of these species are bioluminescent. '' N. hygrophanus'', found in central Africa, was added to the genus in 2011. See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , fir ... References * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Ron Petersen {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carlo Luigi Spegazzini
Carlo Luigi Spegazzini, in Spanish Carlos Luis Spegazzini (20 April 1858 – 1 July 1926), was an Italian-born Argentinian botanist and mycologist. On the 1881/1882 expedition led by Giacomo Bove to explore Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, the Italian Decio Vinciguerra was officially both zoologist and botanist, but in fact Spegazzini handled the botanical work. Spegazzini published about 100 scientific papers on vascular plants, describing around 1000 new taxa. He was a professor at the University of La Plata and Buenos Aires in Argentina, curator of the herbarium of the National Department of Agriculture, first head of the herbarium of Museo de la Plata, and founder of an arboretum and an institute of mycology in La Plata city. He issued two exsiccatae, the first series in 1879 with the title ''Decades mycologicae Italicae'' distributing fungi from Italy, the second in 1881 with the title ''Hongos Sud-Americanos: decades mycologiae Argentinae'' distributing fungal spec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Gardneri
''Neonothopanus gardneri'', locally known as flor de coco, is a bioluminescent fungus native to Goiás, Piauí and Tocantins states in Brazil. The fungus was first discovered in 1839 by the English botanist George Gardner, after he came across some youths playing with glowing material in the streets of Villa de Natividade in Goiás state in Brazil. Initially thinking it was a firefly, he then discovered it was a mushroom—known as ''Flor de Coco'' locally—that was common locally and found on decaying palm leaves. Gardner sought to call it ''Agaricus phosphorescens''. However, his colleague Miles Joseph Berkeley opined that the attribute was not unique, and hence described it with the specific name ''A. gardneri''. Gardner thought it resembled members of the genus ''Pleurotus'' in structure, while Berkeley felt it was more akin to the genus ''Panus'' but conceded spores were necessary for further classification. It was rediscovered in February 2005 by scientists Patrici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Hygrophanus
''Neonothopanus'' is a genus of three species of fungi in the agaric family Omphalotaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1999. The type species '' N. nambi'' is found in Australia, South America, Central America, and Malaysia, while '' N. gardneri'' is found in South America. Both of these species are bioluminescent. '' N. hygrophanus'', found in central Africa, was added to the genus in 2011. See also *List of Marasmiaceae genera The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , fir ... References * Marasmiaceae Agaricales genera Taxa named by Ron Petersen {{Marasmiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neonothopanus Nambi
''Neonothopanus nambi'' is a poisonous and bioluminescent mushroom in the family Marasmiaceae. The genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying this species' bioluminescence were published in 2019, the first to be elucidated for a fungus. In 2020, genes from this fungus were used to create bioluminescent tobacco plants. Italian-Argentinian naturalist Carlo Luigi Spegazzini described the species in 1883 as ''Agaricus nambí'' in the subgenus ''Pleurotus'', from material collected in December 1879 near Guarapí, a locality in Yaguarón, Paraguarí Department, Paraguay. Pier Andrea Saccardo placed it in the genus ''Pleurotus ''Pleurotus'' is a genus of gilled mushrooms which includes one of the most widely eaten mushrooms, '' P. ostreatus''. Species of ''Pleurotus'' may be called oyster, abalone, or tree mushrooms, and are some of the most commonly cultivated ...''. Ronald H. Petersen and Irmgard Krisai placed the fungus in the new genus '' Neonothopanus'' in 1999. Refere ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungi
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the kingdom (biology)#Six kingdoms (1998), traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agaric
An agaric () is a type of fungal fruiting body characterized by the presence of a pileus (cap) that is clearly differentiated from the stipe (stalk), with lamellae (gills) on the underside of the pileus. It is a type of mushroom (or toadstool), the diverse group of agarics being lumped together as gilled mushrooms. "Agaric" can also refer more generally to any basidiomycete species characterized by an agaric-type fruiting body. Etymology Originally, agaric meant 'tree-fungus' (after Latin ''agaricum''); however, that changed with the Linnaean interpretation in 1753 when Linnaeus used the generic name '' Agaricus'' for gilled mushrooms. Taxonomy Most species of agarics belong to the order Agaricales in the subphylum Agaricomycotina. The exceptions, where agarics have evolved independently, feature largely in the orders Russulales, Boletales, Hymenochaetales, and several other groups of basidiomycetes. Old systems of classification placed all agarics in the Agaricales and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omphalotaceae
The Omphalotaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order (biology), order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally corticioid (in the genus ''Brunneocorticium'') or poroid (in the genus ''Hymenoporus''). Taxonomy The family was originally described in 1985 by German mycologist Andreas Bresinsky to accommodate the genus ''Omphalotus'' (including ''Lampteromyces'') based on anatomical and morphological characters which he considered distinctive. He placed the family within the Boletales. Subsequent Molecular phylogenetics, molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, indicated, however, that ''Omphalotus'' belonged within the Agaricales. Moreover, the genus formed a monophyletic clade with a much larger group of fungi, many of which were formerly placed in the Marasmiaceae. The earliest name for this clade is the Omphalotaceae. See also *List of Agaricales families References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Circumscription (taxonomy)
In biological taxonomy, circumscription is the content of a taxon, that is, the delimitation of which subordinate taxa are parts of that taxon. For example, if we determine that species X, Y, and Z belong in genus A, and species T, U, V, and W belong in genus B, those are our circumscriptions of those two genera. Another systematist might determine that T, U, V, W, X, Y, and Z all belong in genus A. Agreement on circumscriptions is not governed by the Codes of Zoological or Botanical Nomenclature, and must be reached by scientific consensus. A goal of biological taxonomy is to achieve a stable circumscription for every taxon. This goal conflicts, at times, with the goal of achieving a natural classification that reflects the evolutionary history of divergence of groups of organisms. Balancing these two goals is a work in progress, and the circumscriptions of many taxa that had been regarded as stable for decades are in upheaval in the light of rapid developments in molecu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bioluminescent
Bioluminescence is the emission of light during a chemiluminescence reaction by living organisms. Bioluminescence occurs in multifarious organisms ranging from marine vertebrates and invertebrates, as well as in some fungi, microorganisms including some bioluminescent bacteria, dinoflagellates and terrestrial arthropods such as fireflies. In some animals, the light is bacteriogenic, produced by symbiotic bacteria such as those from the genus '' Vibrio''; in others, it is autogenic, produced by the animals themselves. In most cases, the principal chemical reaction in bioluminescence involves the reaction of a substrate called luciferin and an enzyme, called luciferase. Because these are generic names, luciferins and luciferases are often distinguished by the species or group, e.g. firefly luciferin or cypridina luciferin. In all characterized cases, the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of the luciferin resulting in excited state oxyluciferin, which is the light emitter of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Marasmiaceae Genera
The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Agaricales. It includes over 50 genera and some 1590 species. Genera Notes and references ;Notes ;References {{reflist, 2, refs= {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973 , title=''Rectipilus'', eine neue Gattung cyphelloider Pilze , journal=Persoonia , volume=7 , pages=389–436 , language=de , trans-title=''Rectipilus'', a New Genus of Cyphelloid Fungi {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first=R. , year=1973–1974 , title=''Flagelloscypha''. Studien an cyphelloiden Basidiomyceten. , journal=Sydowia , volume=27 , issue=1–6 , pages=131–265 , language=de , trans-title=Studies on Cyphelloid Basidiomycetes. ''Flagelloscypha'' {{cite journal , last=Agerer , first= R. , year=1980 , title=Contribution to neotropical cyphellaceous fungi - II. ''Deigloria'' gen.nov. (Physalacriaceae). , journal=Mycotaxon , volume=12 , issue=1 , pages=185–200 , url=http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59575 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
