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Militant Atheism
The League of Militant Atheists (), also Society of the Godless () or Union of the Godless (), was an atheistic and antireligious organization of workers and intelligentsia that developed in Soviet Russia under the influence of the ideological and cultural views and policies of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1925 to 1947. It consisted of party members, members of the Komsomol youth movement, those without specific political affiliation, workers, and military veterans. The league embraced workers, peasants, students, and intelligentsia. It had its first affiliates at factories, plants, collective farms (''kolkhozy''), and educational institutions. By the beginning of 1941 it had about 3.5 million members from 100 ethnicities. It had about 96,000 offices across the country. Guided by Bolshevik principles of communist propaganda and by the Party's orders with regards to religion, the League aimed at exterminating religion in all its manifestations and forming an anti-r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Znanie (educational Organization, Founded 1947)
The All-Union Society "Znanie" (All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge) was an educational and propaganda organization in the Soviet Union and Russia that arose in 1947. Its original name was the "All-Union Society for the Dissemination of Political and Scientific Knowledge". Its first president was Sergei Vavilov. It was engaged in educational activities and anti-religious propaganda among the population of the USSR by giving lectures, as well as publishing relevant popular science literature. Like other Soviet public organizations, it was under the control of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The society had a publishing house "Znanie", (not to be confused with the identically named Russian publishing house running from 1898 to 1913). After the collapse of the USSR, the property of the society on the territory of Russia passed to the Znanie Society of Russia (educational organization, founded 1991), Knowledge Society of Russia, whi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Communism
Communism () is a political sociology, sociopolitical, political philosophy, philosophical, and economic ideology, economic ideology within the history of socialism, socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange that allocates products in society based on need.: "One widespread distinction was that socialism socialised production only while communism socialised production and consumption." A communist society entails the absence of private property and social classes, and ultimately money and the State (polity), state. Communists often seek a voluntary state of self-governance but disagree on the means to this end. This reflects a distinction between a Libertarian socialism, libertarian socialist approach of communization, revolutionary spontaneity, and workers' self-management, and an authoritarian socialism, authoritarian socialist, vanguardis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ateist
Ateist (; lit. «Atheist») was an antireligious monthly journal in Russian, which was published from 1922 to 1930 in the RSFSR and the USSR. Ateist was established in 1921 in Moscow, on the initiative of Pyotr Krasikov, P. A. Krasikov and Ivan Shpitsberg, I. A. Shpitsberg in order to promote leading works that were critical of religion. Shpitsberg became the editor-in-chief of the journal. The first two issues of the publication Atheist were printed in the form of a newspaper in 1922, in February and March. The format of the newspaper was considered uncomfortable, and it was therefore published as a journal instead. From April 1922 to April 1925, the journal was published on a continual basis. Further, between 1925 and 1930, 59 issues were released. The main objective of the journal was to highlight perceived issues throughout the history of religion, particularly concerning its role in the previous Russian Empire, Russian empire, as well as to document the development of atheis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antireligioznik
(; translation: ''Opponent of religion'', lit. ''Antireligionist'') was a monthly scientific and methodical atheistic magazine in Russian, the organ of the Central Council of the League of Militant Atheists of the USSR, and was published in Moscow from January 1926 to June 1941. The editor of the publication was Y. M. Yaroslavsky. systematically covered the experience of the atheistic work of the League of Militant Atheists, published articles on the history of religion and atheism, propagated scientific atheism, and addressed from a Marxist standpoint questions of criticism of religion. had a volume of about 130 pages, consisting of articles with headings such as "Anti-religious education in school", "Letters from the field", "Chronicle", "Methodology of anti-religious propaganda", and "Criticism and bibliography." Among the magazine's authors were V. D. Bonch-Bruevich, N. K. Krupskaya, A. T. Lukachevsky (deputy editor), and activists of the League of Militant Atheists. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bezbozhnik (magazine)
''Bezbozhnik'' () was an illustrated magazine, an organ of the Centre Soviet and Moscow Oblast Soviet of the League of the Militant Godless. The magazine was published in Moscow from March 1925 to June 1941. From 1926 to 1932, the magazine was published twice a month. In other years, the magazine was published once a month. From 1925 to 1932, the editor-in-chief of the magazine was Y. M. Yaroslavsky. From 1933 to 1941, the editor-in-chief of the magazine was F. M. Putintsev. The magazine was designed for the mass working reader. On its pages articles, essays, fictional works were printed. The magazine criticized religion from the point of view of Marxism. In addition, the magazine covered the experience of the atheistic work of the cells of the League of the Militant Godless. The magazine included works by cartoonists N. F. Denisovsky, M. M. Cheremnykh, D. S. Moor, K. S. Eliseev and others. The circulation of the magazine ''Bezbozhnik'' reached 200 thousand copies. Вопро� ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nikolai Bukharin
Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (; rus, Николай Иванович Бухарин, p=nʲɪkɐˈlaj ɪˈvanəvʲɪdʑ bʊˈxarʲɪn; – 15 March 1938) was a Russian revolutionary, Soviet politician, and Marxist theorist. A prominent Bolsheviks, Bolshevik described by Vladimir Lenin as a "most valuable and major theorist" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Communist Party, Bukharin was active in the Soviet government from 1917 until his purge in 1937. Bukharin joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1906, and studied economics at Moscow State University, Moscow Imperial University. In 1910, he was arrested and internally exiled to Onega, Russia, Onega, but the following year escaped abroad, where he met Lenin and Leon Trotsky and built his reputation with works such as ''Imperialism and World Economy'' (1915). After the February Revolution of 1917, Bukharin returned to Moscow and became a leading figure in the party, and after the October Revolution became ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vladimir Bonch-Bruyevich
Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich (; sometimes spelled Bonch-Bruevich; in Polish Boncz-Brujewicz; – 14 July 1955) was a Soviet politician, revolutionary, historian, writer and Old Bolshevik. He was Vladimir Lenin's personal secretary. Early life Vladimir Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich, born in Moscow into the family of a land surveyor who came from the Mogilev province, belonged to the nobility of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania. He was a younger brother of the future Soviet military commander Mikhail Dmitriyevich Bonch-Bruyevich. At the age of ten, he was sent to the in Moscow; where he studied in the school of land surveying. In 1889, he was arrested for taking part in a student demonstration, expelled from the Institute and banished to Kursk. He returned to Moscow in 1892, entered the and distributed illegal literature. From 1895 he was active in social-democratic circles. In 1896 he emigrated to Switzerland and organized shipments of Russian revolutionary li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivan Skvortsov-Stepanov
Ivan Ivanovich Skvortsov-Stepanov (; 8 March O.S. 24 February">Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 24 February1870 – 8 October 1928) was a prominent Russian Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet Union, Soviet politician. Ivan Ivanovich Skvortsov-Stepanov was one of the oldest participants in the Russian revolutionary movement as well as a Marxism, Marxist writer, economist, historian and journalist. Early life Ivan Skvortsov was born in Maltsevo-Brodovo village, Bogorodsky Uezd, Moscow province – the village is now Lesnye Polyany, in Pushkinsky District. He was the son of a Moscow factory clerical worker based in Bogorodsk. Early career He graduated from the Moscow Teachers' Institute in 1890, became an elementary school teacher, joined the revolutionary movement as a student in Moscow in 1892, and joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1898. He was arrested, and exiled to Tula district, where he met oth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyotr Krasikov
Pyotr Ananyevich Krasikov (; 17 October Old_Style_and_New_Style_dates.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Old Style and New Style dates">O.S. 5 October1870 – 20 August 1939) was a Russians">Russian revolutionary and Soviet statesman, as well as a jurist and writer on political and religious affairs. He was the first Procurator General of the Soviet Union, serving from 1924 to 1933. Career Pyotr Krasikov was born in Krasnoyarsk, where he was brought up from the age of 12 by his grandfather, an Archpriest, after the early death of his father, a lawyer. He was expelled from the Krasnoyarsk gymnasium for bad behaviour, but reinstated after his grandfather intervened. In the years 1892–1893, Krasikov visited Switzerland and met with Russian Marxists, met with the leaders of the " Emancipation of Labor" group of Georgy Plekhanov, Pavel Axelrod and Vera Zasulich and joined Emancipation of Labour group in 1892. After returning home in 1894, he was arrested and kept in a solitary confine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anatoly Lunacharsky
Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky (, born ''Anatoly Aleksandrovich Antonov''; – 26 December 1933) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and the first Soviet People's Commissariat for Education, People's Commissar (minister) of Education, as well as an active playwright, critic, essayist, and journalist throughout his career. Background Lunacharsky was born on 23 or 24 November 1875 in Poltava, Ukraine (then part of the Russian Empire), as the Legitimacy (family law), illegitimate child of Alexander Antonov and Alexandra Lunacharskaya, née Rostovtseva. His mother was then married to statesman Vasily Lunacharsky, a Russian nobility, nobleman of Polish origin, whence Anatoly's surname and patronym. She later divorced Vasily Lunacharsky and married Antonov, but Anatoly kept his former name. In 1890, at the age of 15, Lunacharsky became a Marxism, Marxist. From 1894, he studied at the University of Zurich under Richard Avenarius for two years without taking a degree. In Zürich he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nadezhda Krupskaya
Nadezhda Konstantinovna Krupskaya ( rus, links=no, Надежда Константиновна Крупская, p=nɐˈdʲeʐdə kənstɐnʲˈtʲinəvnə ˈkrupskəjə; – 27 February 1939) was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist. She was a leader of the Bolsheviks, Bolshevik party and was married to Vladimir Lenin. Krupskaya was born in Saint Petersburg to an Krupski, aristocratic family that had descended into poverty, and she developed strong views about improving the lives of the poor. She embraced Marxism and met Lenin at a Marxist discussion group in 1894. Both were arrested in 1896 for revolutionary activities and after Lenin was exiled to Siberia, Krupskaya was allowed to join him in 1898 on the condition that they marry. The two settled in Munich and then London after their exile, before briefly returning to Russia to take part in the 1905 Russian Revolution, Revolution of 1905. Following the Russian Revolution, 1917 Revolution, Krupskaya was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Old Bolshevik
The Old Bolsheviks (), also called the Old Bolshevik Guard or Old Party Guard, were members of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917. Many Old Bolsheviks became leading politicians and bureaucrats in the Soviet Union and the ruling Communist Party. While some died over the years from natural causes, many were removed from power, imprisoned in gulags or executed by the late 1930s, as a result of the Great Purge by Joseph Stalin. Overview Definition Initially, the term "Old Bolshevik" referred to Bolsheviks who joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party before 1905. On February 13, 1922, under the chairmanship of the Old Bolshevik historian Mikhail Olminsky, the Society of Old Bolsheviks () at the Istpart (Commission on the Study of the History of the October Revolution and RCP(b)) was established. The first Statute required membership before January 1, 1905, with admission in some cases of other Socia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
