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Homo-MDMA
Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), also known as α,''N''-dimethyl-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propylamine, is an entactogen-like drug of the phenylpropylamine group related to MDMA. It is an analogue of MDMA in which the side chain has been lengthened by one carbon atom. It showed very weak induction of serotonin release (much less than that of MDMA or methamphetamine) and no significant release of dopamine in rat brain synaptosomes. As such, its monoamine-releasing activity was said to have been essentially abolished relative to MDMA. The drug partially substituted for MDMA in rodent drug discrimination tests but produced seizures at high doses. Based on unpublished findings by Alexander Shulgin, homo-MDMA has been said to be inactive in humans. However, it has been encountered as a designer and recreational drug in Japan and was being sold as " MBDB". It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. See also * Homo-MDA * MDM1EA * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Releasing Agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters and hence enhanced signaling by those neurotransmitters. The monoamine neurotransmitters include serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine; MRAs can induce the release of one or more of these neurotransmitters. MRAs work by reversing the direction of the monoamine transporters (MATs), including the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and/or dopamine transporter (DAT), causing them to promote efflux of non-vesicular cytoplasmic monoamine neurotransmitter rather than reuptake of synaptic monoamine neurotransmitter. Many, but not all MRAs, also reverse the direction of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), thereby additionally resulting in efflux of vesicular monoamine neuro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entactogen
Entactogens, also known as empathogens or connectogens, are a class of psychoactive drugs that induce the production of experiences of emotional communion, oneness, connectedness, emotional openness—that is, empathy—as particularly observed and reported for experiences with MDMA. This class of drug is distinguished from the classes of hallucinogens or psychedelics and stimulants, although entactogens, for instance MDMA, can also have these properties. Entactogens are used both as recreational drugs and are being investigated for medical use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, for instance MDMA-assisted therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Notable members of this class include MDMA, MDA, MDEA, MDOH, MBDB, 5-APB, 5-MAPB, 6-APB, 6-MAPB, methylone, mephedrone, αMT, αET, and MDAI, among others. Most entactogens are phenethylamines and amphetamines, although several, such as αMT and αET, are tryptamines. When referring to MDMA and its cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Shulgin
Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American biochemist, broad researcher of synthetic psychoactive compounds, and author of works regarding these, who independently explored the organic chemistry and pharmacology of such agents—in his mid-life and later, many through preparation in his home laboratory, and testing on himself. He is acknowledged to have introduced to broader use, in the late 1970s, the previously-synthesized compound MDMA ("ecstasy"), in research psychopharmacology and in combination with conventional therapy, the latter through presentations and academic publications, including to psychologists; and for the rediscovery, occasional discovery, and regular synthesis and personal use and distribution, of possibly hundreds of Psychoactive drug, psychoactive compounds (for their Psychedelic drug, psychedelic and MDMA-like empathogenic bioactivity, bioactivities). As such, Shulgin is seen both as a pioneering and a controversi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secondary Amines
In chemistry, amines (, ) are organic compounds that contain carbon-nitrogen bonds. Amines are formed when one or more hydrogen atoms in ammonia are replaced by alkyl or aryl groups. The nitrogen atom in an amine possesses a lone pair of electrons. Amines can also exist as hetero cyclic compounds. Aniline is the simplest aromatic amine, consisting of a benzene ring bonded to an amino group. Amines are classified into three types: primary (1°), secondary (2°), and tertiary (3°) amines. Primary amines (1°) contain one alkyl or aryl substituent and have the general formula RNH2. Secondary amines (2°) have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom, with the general formula R2NH. Tertiary amines (3°) contain three substituent groups bonded to the nitrogen atom, and are represented by the formula R3N. The functional group present in primary amines is called the amino group. Classification of amines Amines can be classified according to the nature and number o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M-ALPHA
M-ALPHA, also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-ethyl-''N''-methylbenzylamine or as α-ethyl-''N''-methylpiperonylamine, is a psychoactive drug of the substituted benzylamine group. It was reported by Alexander Shulgin in his book PIHKAL as a positional isomer of MDMA. Subsequently, the drug was encountered as a designer drug in the United Kingdom in 2010 and was reported to the EMCDDA new drug monitoring service. It was described by Shulgin as similar in action to its demethylated homologue, ALPHA, but with roughly twice the duration and twice the potency. ALPHA itself was described as active at doses of 10 to 140mg, with a duration of about 3hours, and producing eyes-closed "dreams", some body tingling, and a pleasant positive feeling, but without any appetite suppression. M-ALPHA was encountered as a designer drug by 2010. See also * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ALPHA (drug)
ALPHA, also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-ethylbenzylamine, is a psychoactive drug of the substituted benzylamine group and a positional isomer of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). It is also a benzylamine analogue of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). ALPHA was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book ''PIHKAL'' on the MDA page, the threshold dosage is listed as 10mg. At mild threshold dosages (around 10mg) there are eyes-closed "dreams" with some body tingling, at higher doses (up to 140mg) was reported to produce a pleasant, positive feeling. This compound is not anoretic at any dose. Its duration is about 3hours. Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of ALPHA. The drug was encountered as a novel designer drug by 1996. See also * M-ALPHA (''N''-methyl analogue) * MDM1EA (3,4-methylenedioxy-α,''N''-dimethylbenzylamine) * Methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP) * Homo-MDA * Homo-MDMA Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MDM1EA
''N''-Methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-ethanamine (MDM1EA), also known as α,''N''-dimethyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzylamine (α,''N''-DMMDBA) or as α,''N''-dimethylpiperonylamine, is an entactogen-like drug of the benzylamine family related to MDMA. It is the analogue of MDMA in which the side chain has been shortened by one carbon atom. The drug has been found to be a weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor and partially substituted for MDMA in rodent drug discrimination tests at the highest assessed doses. The effects of α,''N''-DMMDBA in humans are unknown. It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), an analogue of MDMA in which the side chain was extended by one carbon atom, has also been synthesized and studied. It partially substituted for MDMA similarly to MDM1EA. See also * ALPHA * M-ALPHA * Benzylpiperazine Benzylpiperazine (BZP) is a substance often used as a recreational drug and is known to have euphoriant and stimu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homo-MDA
Homo-MDA (HMDA), also known as α-methyl-γ-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propylamine, is a entactogen-like drug related to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). It is an analogue of MDA in which the side chain has been lengthened by one carbon atom. Unlike the stimulant amphetamine and the psychedelic DOM, and in contrast to MDA, homo-MDA has no effect on locomotor activity in rodents. It was found to be more toxic than MDA in rodents. The effects of homo-MDA in humans are unknown. It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. See also * Homo-MDMA * MDM1EA * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of one. Alpha is derived from the Phoenician letter ''aleph'' , whose name comes from the West Semitic word for ' ... * M-ALPHA References External links Homo-MDA - isomer design Amines Benzodioxoles {{Pharmacology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Controlled Substance
A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture, possession and use is regulated by a government, such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated by law. Some treaties, notably the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, provide internationally agreed-upon "schedules" of controlled substances, which have been incorporated into national laws; however, national laws usually significantly expand on these international conventions. Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries, even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves. Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances and anabolic steroids. The controlled substanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MBDB
MBDB, also known as ''N''-methyl-1,3-benzodioxolylbutanamine or as 3,4-methylenedioxy-''N''-methyl-α-ethylphenylethylamine, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and phenylisobutylamine families related to MDMA. It is known by the street names "Eden" and "Methyl-J". History and effects MBDB was first synthesized by pharmacologist and medicinal chemist David E. Nichols and later tested by Alexander Shulgin and described in his book, '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story''. MBDB's dosage, according to ''PiHKAL'', is 180 to 210mg; the proper dosage relative to body mass seems unknown. Its duration is 4 to 6hours, with noticeable after-effects lasting for 1 to 3hours. MBDB was initially developed as a non-psychedelic entactogen. It has lower effects on the dopamine system in comparison to other entactogens such as MDMA. MBDB causes many mild, MDMA-like effects, in particular the lowering of social barriers and inhibitions, pronounced sense of empathy and compassion, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea in the south. The Japanese archipelago consists of four major islands—Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu—and List of islands of Japan, thousands of smaller islands, covering . Japan has a population of over 123 million as of 2025, making it the List of countries and dependencies by population, eleventh-most populous country. The capital of Japan and List of cities in Japan, its largest city is Tokyo; the Greater Tokyo Area is the List of largest cities, largest metropolitan area in the world, with more than 37 million inhabitants as of 2024. Japan is divided into 47 Prefectures of Japan, administrative prefectures and List of regions of Japan, eight traditional regions. About three-quarters of Geography of Japan, the countr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
