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Homo-MDA
Homo-MDA (HMDA), also known as α-methyl-γ-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propylamine, is a entactogen-like drug related to 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). It is an analogue of MDA in which the side chain has been lengthened by one carbon atom. Unlike the stimulant amphetamine and the psychedelic DOM, and in contrast to MDA, homo-MDA has no effect on locomotor activity in rodents. It was found to be more toxic than MDA in rodents. The effects of homo-MDA in humans are unknown. It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. See also * Homo-MDMA * MDM1EA * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of one. Alpha is derived from the Phoenician letter ''aleph'' , whose name comes from the West Semitic word for ' ... * M-ALPHA References External links Homo-MDA - isomer design Amines Benzodioxoles {{Pharmacology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entactogen
Entactogens, also known as empathogens or connectogens, are a class of psychoactive drugs that induce the production of experiences of emotional communion, oneness, connectedness, emotional openness—that is, empathy—as particularly observed and reported for experiences with MDMA. This class of drug is distinguished from the classes of hallucinogens or psychedelics and stimulants, although entactogens, for instance MDMA, can also have these properties. Entactogens are used both as recreational drugs and are being investigated for medical use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, for instance MDMA-assisted therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Notable members of this class include MDMA, MDA, MDEA, MDOH, MBDB, 5-APB, 5-MAPB, 6-APB, 6-MAPB, methylone, mephedrone, αMT, αET, and MDAI, among others. Most entactogens are phenethylamines and amphetamines, although several, such as αMT and αET, are tryptamines. When referring to MDMA and its cou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
DOM (drug)
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine (DOM), also known as STP (standing for "Serenity, Tranquility, and Peace" and/or other phrases), is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families. It is generally taken orally. DOM was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin, and later described in his book '' PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story'' (1991). It is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States, and is similarly controlled in other parts of the world. Internationally, it is a Schedule I drug under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Effects Effects of this drug include substantial perceptual changes such as blurred vision, multiple images, vibration of objects, visual alterations, distorted shapes, enhancement of details, slowed passage of time, increased sexual drive and pleasure, and increased contrasts. It may cause mystical experiences and changes in consciousness. It may also cause pupillary dilation and a rise in systolic bloo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
M-ALPHA
M-ALPHA, also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-ethyl-''N''-methylbenzylamine or as α-ethyl-''N''-methylpiperonylamine, is a psychoactive drug of the substituted benzylamine group. It was reported by Alexander Shulgin in his book PIHKAL as a positional isomer of MDMA. Subsequently, the drug was encountered as a designer drug in the United Kingdom in 2010 and was reported to the EMCDDA new drug monitoring service. It was described by Shulgin as similar in action to its demethylated homologue, ALPHA, but with roughly twice the duration and twice the potency. ALPHA itself was described as active at doses of 10 to 140mg, with a duration of about 3hours, and producing eyes-closed "dreams", some body tingling, and a pleasant positive feeling, but without any appetite suppression. M-ALPHA was encountered as a designer drug by 2010. See also * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lowercase ) is the first letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of on ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ALPHA (drug)
ALPHA, also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-ethylbenzylamine, is a psychoactive drug of the substituted benzylamine group and a positional isomer of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). It is also a benzylamine analogue of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). ALPHA was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book ''PIHKAL'' on the MDA page, the threshold dosage is listed as 10mg. At mild threshold dosages (around 10mg) there are eyes-closed "dreams" with some body tingling, at higher doses (up to 140mg) was reported to produce a pleasant, positive feeling. This compound is not anoretic at any dose. Its duration is about 3hours. Very little data exists about the pharmacological properties, metabolism, and toxicity of ALPHA. The drug was encountered as a novel designer drug by 1996. See also * M-ALPHA (''N''-methyl analogue) * MDM1EA (3,4-methylenedioxy-α,''N''-dimethylbenzylamine) * Methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP) * Homo-MDA * Homo-MDMA Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MDM1EA
''N''-Methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-1-ethanamine (MDM1EA), also known as α,''N''-dimethyl-3,4-methylenedioxybenzylamine (α,''N''-DMMDBA) or as α,''N''-dimethylpiperonylamine, is an entactogen-like drug of the benzylamine family related to MDMA. It is the analogue of MDMA in which the side chain has been shortened by one carbon atom. The drug has been found to be a weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor and partially substituted for MDMA in rodent drug discrimination tests at the highest assessed doses. The effects of α,''N''-DMMDBA in humans are unknown. It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), an analogue of MDMA in which the side chain was extended by one carbon atom, has also been synthesized and studied. It partially substituted for MDMA similarly to MDM1EA. See also * ALPHA * M-ALPHA * Benzylpiperazine Benzylpiperazine (BZP) is a substance often used as a recreational drug and is known to have euphoriant and stimu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homo-MDMA
Homo-MDMA (HMDMA), also known as α,''N''-dimethyl-3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propylamine, is an entactogen-like drug of the phenylpropylamine group related to MDMA. It is an analogue of MDMA in which the side chain has been lengthened by one carbon atom. It showed very weak induction of serotonin release (much less than that of MDMA or methamphetamine) and no significant release of dopamine in rat brain synaptosomes. As such, its monoamine-releasing activity was said to have been essentially abolished relative to MDMA. The drug partially substituted for MDMA in rodent drug discrimination tests but produced seizures at high doses. Based on unpublished findings by Alexander Shulgin, homo-MDMA has been said to be inactive in humans. However, it has been encountered as a designer and recreational drug in Japan and was being sold as " MBDB". It is not a controlled substance in the United States as of 2011. See also * Homo-MDA * MDM1EA * ALPHA Alpha (uppercase , lower ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United States
The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 contiguous states border Canada to the north and Mexico to the south, with the semi-exclave of Alaska in the northwest and the archipelago of Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The United States asserts sovereignty over five Territories of the United States, major island territories and United States Minor Outlying Islands, various uninhabited islands in Oceania and the Caribbean. It is a megadiverse country, with the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, third-largest land area and List of countries and dependencies by population, third-largest population, exceeding 340 million. Its three Metropolitan statistical areas by population, largest metropolitan areas are New York metropolitan area, New York, Greater Los Angeles, Los Angel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Controlled Substance
A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture, possession and use is regulated by a government, such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated by law. Some treaties, notably the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, provide internationally agreed-upon "schedules" of controlled substances, which have been incorporated into national laws; however, national laws usually significantly expand on these international conventions. Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries, even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves. Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances and anabolic steroids. The controlled substanc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacteria, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (biology), cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poison#Poisoning, poisoning in everyday usage. A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are Dose (biochemistry), dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints. Etymology In Ancient G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Locomotor Activity
Locomotor activity is a measure of animal behavior which is employed in scientific research. Hyperlocomotion, also known as locomotor hyperactivity, hyperactivity, or increased locomotor activity, is an effect of certain drugs in animals in which locomotor activity (locomotion) is increased. It is induced by certain drugs like psychostimulants and NMDA receptor antagonists and is reversed by certain other drugs like antipsychotics and certain antidepressants. Stimulation of locomotor activity is thought to be mediated by increased signaling in the nucleus accumbens, a major brain area involved in behavioral activation and motivated behavior. Hypolocomotion, also known as locomotor hypoactivity, hypoactivity, and decreased locomotor activity, is an effect of certain drugs in animals in which locomotor activity is decreased. It is a characteristic effect of many sedative agents and general anesthetics. Antipsychotics, which are dopamine receptor antagonists, and many serotonerg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychedelic Drug
Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness". Also referred to as classic hallucinogens or serotonergic hallucinogens, the term ''psychedelic'' is sometimes used more broadly to include various other types of hallucinogens as well, such as those which are atypical or adjacent to psychedelia like salvia and MDMA, respectively. Classic psychedelics generally cause specific psychological, visual, and auditory changes, and oftentimes a substantially altered state of consciousness. They have had the largest influence on science and culture, and include mescaline, LSD, psilocybin, and DMT. There are a large number of both naturally occurring and synthetic serotonergic psychedelics. Most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three families of chemical compounds: tryptamines, phenethylamines, or lysergamides. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Drug
A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. Consumption of drugs can be via insufflation (medicine), inhalation, drug injection, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption (skin), absorption via a dermal patch, patch on the skin, suppository, or sublingual administration, dissolution under the tongue. In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to pharmacotherapy, treat, cure, preventive healthcare, prevent, or medical diagnosis, diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis. Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
