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Cis-THC
''cis''-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-''cis''-Δ9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the ''Cannabis'' plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known ''trans'' isomer. Formation of cis-THC could take place in process of epimerization associated with acid-catalyzed cyclization of CBD to THC. It has similar psychoactive effects to ''trans''-Δ9-THC in tests on mice, but with only around 1/5th the potency. The equivalent Δ8 isomer is also known as a synthetic compound, but has not been isolated from ''Cannabis'' plant material. All four cis/trans isomers are known, though only the (6aR,10aR) and (6aS,10aR) enantiomers are psychoactive, while the others retain activity at targets such as GPR18 and GPR55. See also * Abeo-HHC acetate * Abn-CBD * CBD-DMH * Exo-THC * Iso-THC * HU-211 * Perrottetinene Perrottetinene is a naturally occurring cannabinoid compound found in liverworts from the family Radulaceae native to Japan, New Zealand and Costa Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abeo-HHC Acetate
Abeo-HHC acetate is a semi-synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol, first described in the 1980s. It is synthesised from delta-11-tetrahydrocannabinol, which can be made to undergo a ring expansion reaction via a hydrazone intermediate. It is structurally similar to HHC-acetate except that the methylated cyclohexyl ring has been replaced by a cycloheptane. See also * Cis-THC * Cycloheptyl CP 55,940 * Hexahydrocannabinol * Iso-THC * O-1656 * THC-O-acetate THC-O-acetate (THC acetate ester, O-acetyl-THC, THC-O, AcO-THC) is the acetate ester of THC. The term ''THC-O-acetate'' and its variations are commonly used for two types of the substance, dependent on which cannabinoid it is synthesized from. ... References Cannabinoids Oxygen heterocycles Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings Acetate esters {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tetrahydrocannabinol
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a cannabinoid found in cannabis. It is the principal psychoactive constituent of ''Cannabis'' and one of at least 113 total cannabinoids identified on the plant. Although the chemical formula for THC (C21H30O2) describes multiple isomers, the term ''THC'' usually refers to the delta-9-THC isomer with chemical name (−)-''trans''-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. It is a colorless oil. Medical uses THC, referred to as dronabinol in the pharmaceutical context, is approved in the United States as a capsule or solution to relieve chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and HIV/AIDS-induced anorexia. THC is an active ingredient in nabiximols, a specific extract of ''Cannabis'' that was approved as a botanical drug in the United Kingdom in 2010 as a mouth spray for people with multiple sclerosis to alleviate neuropathic pain, spasticity, overactive bladder, and other symptoms. Nabiximols (as Sativex) is available as a prescription drug in Canada. In 20 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CBD-DMH
Cannabidiol-dimethylheptyl (CBD-DMH or DMH-CBD) is a synthetic homologue of cannabidiol where the pentyl chain has been replaced by a dimethylheptyl chain. Several isomers of this compound are known. The most commonly used isomer in research is (−)-CBD-DMH, which has the same stereochemistry as natural cannabidiol, and a 1,1-dimethylheptyl side chain. This compound is not psychoactive and acts primarily as an anandamide reuptake inhibitor, but is more potent than cannabidiol as an anticonvulsant and has around the same potency as an antiinflammatory. Unexpectedly the “unnatural” enantiomer (+)-CBD-DMH, which has reversed stereochemistry from cannabidiol, was found to be a directly acting cannabinoid receptor agonist with a Ki of 17.4nM at CB1 and 211nM at CB2, and produces typical cannabinoid effects in animal studies, as does its 7-OH derivative. Another closely analogous compound has also been described, with the double bond in the cyclohexene ring shifted to between th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iso-THC
Isotetrahydrocannabinol (iso-THC or Δ8-Isotetrahydrocannabinol) is a phytocannabinoid commonly found as a component in synthetic THC which has been made from acid-catalyzed cyclization of cannabidiol. iso-THC can be described as the upper cyclization product of CBD, while THC is the lower cyclization product of CBD. Its pharmacology has not been studied, though it is commonly found in commercially marketed Δ8-THC products. Via a migration of the exocyclic double bond iso-THC can easily rearrange to delta-4(8)-iso-THC, which can also be found in Δ8 THC products. Iso-THC can be found as an impurity in pharmaceutical Dronabinol. See also * Abeo-HHC acetate * Cannabicyclol * Cannabielsoin * Cis-THC ''cis''-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-''cis''-Δ9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the ''Cannabis'' plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known ''trans'' isomer. Formation of cis-THC could take place in process o ... * Exo-THC References ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perrottetinene
Perrottetinene is a naturally occurring cannabinoid compound found in liverworts from the family Radulaceae native to Japan, New Zealand and Costa Rica, namely '' Cladoradula perrottetii'', '' Radula marginata'' and ''Radula laxiramea'', along with a number of similar compounds. Its chemical structure closely resembles that of THC, the main active component of marijuana but with a ''cis'' rather than ''trans'' conformation and a bibenzyl tailchain instead of pentyl. The absolute configuration of perrottetinene was established in 2008 by an enantioselective total synthesis. Pharmacology In 2018, a study showed that perrottetinene is mild to moderately psychoactive through activation of the cannabinoid receptor 1. (-)-''cis''-Perrottetinene was found to have a binding affinity of 481 nM at CB1 and 225 nM at CB2, while the unnatural (-)-''trans''-perrottetinene was found to more active with binding affinities of 127 nM at CB1 and 126 nM at CB2, both acting as partial agonist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaeriol A
Machaeriol A is one of a number of phytocannabinoids with a hexahydrocannabinol backbone, found in plants from the '' Machaerium'' family such as '' Machaerium multiflorum''. While they are related in structure to tetrahydrocannabinols such as those from cannabis, the machaeriol compounds have opposite ''trans'' stereochemistry from THC and have no affinity for the psychoactive CB1 receptor. However, some derivatives are active at CB2, and they have also been found to have antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic actions, and have been investigated as lead compounds for the development of potential anti-cancer drugs. See also * Perrottetinene * Cis-THC ''cis''-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-''cis''-Δ9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the ''Cannabis'' plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known ''trans'' isomer. Formation of cis-THC could take place in process o ... References Cannabinoids Benzopyrans Hydroxyarenes Heterocy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabis
''Cannabis'' () is a genus of flowering plants in the family Cannabaceae that is widely accepted as being indigenous to and originating from the continent of Asia. However, the number of species is disputed, with as many as three species being recognized: '' Cannabis sativa'', '' C. indica'', and '' C. ruderalis''. Alternatively, ''C. ruderalis'' may be included within ''C. sativa'', or all three may be treated as subspecies of ''C. sativa'', or ''C. sativa'' may be accepted as a single undivided species. The plant is also known as hemp, although this term is usually used to refer only to varieties cultivated for non-drug use. Hemp has long been used for fibre, seeds and their oils, leaves for use as vegetables, and juice. Industrial hemp textile products are made from cannabis plants selected to produce an abundance of fibre. ''Cannabis'' also has a long history of being used for medicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug known by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psychoactive
A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, mind-altering drug, consciousness-altering drug, psychoactive substance, or psychotropic substance is a chemical substance that alters psychological functioning by modulating central nervous system activity. Psychoactive and psychotropic drugs both affect the brain, with psychotropics sometimes referring to psychiatric drugs or high-abuse substances, while “drug” can have negative connotations. Novel psychoactive substances are designer drugs made to mimic illegal ones and bypass laws. Psychoactive drug use dates back to prehistory for medicinal and consciousness-altering purposes, with evidence of widespread cultural use. Many animals intentionally consume psychoactive substances, and some traditional legends suggest animals first introduced humans to their use. Psychoactive substances are used across cultures for purposes ranging from medicinal and therapeutic treatment of mental disorders and pain, to performance enhancement. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GPR18
''N''-Arachidonyl glycine receptor (NAGly receptor), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 18 (GPR18), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''GPR18'' gene. Along with the other previously orphan receptors GPR55 and GPR119, GPR18 has been found to be a receptor for endogenous lipid neurotransmitters, several of which also bind to cannabinoid receptors. It has been found to be involved in the regulation of intraocular pressure. Research supports the hypothesis that GPR18 is the abnormal cannabidiol receptor and N-arachidonoyl glycine, the endogenous lipid metabolite of anandamide, initiates directed microglial migration in the CNS through activation of GPR18, though recent evidence demonstrates that NAGly was not shown to be a GPR18 agonist in rat sympathetic neurons. Resolvin D2 (RvD2), a member of the specialized proresolving mediators (SPM) class of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites, is an activating ligand for GPR18; RvD2 and its activation of GPR18 contribut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GPR55
G protein-coupled receptor 55 also known as GPR55 is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the ''GPR55'' gene. GPR55, along with GPR119 and GPR18, have been implicated as novel cannabinoid receptors. History GPR55 was identified and cloned for the first time in 1999. Later it was identified by an in silico screen as a putative cannabinoid receptor because of a similar amino acid sequence in the binding region. Research groups from Glaxo Smith Kline and Astra Zeneca characterized the receptor extensively because it was hoped to be responsible for the blood pressure lowering properties of cannabinoids. GPR55 is indeed activated by endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids such as plant and synthetic cannabinoids but GPR-55 knockout mice generated by a research group from Glaxo Smith Kline showed no altered blood pressure regulation after administration of the cannabidiol-derivative abnormal cannabidiol. Signal cascade GPR55 is coupled to the G-protein G1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
D9 THC Optical Isomers
D9, D09, D.IX, D IX, D.9 or D-9 may refer to: Transport and vehicles * Albatros D.IX, a 1918 German prototype single-seat fighter * Bavarian D IX, an 1888 German steam locomotive model * Bottineau Municipal Airport, FAA LID D09, a public airport in North Dakota, United States * Caterpillar D9, a 1954 large bulldozer/track-type tractor ** IDF Caterpillar D9, an armored bulldozer * Denza D9, a minivan by BYD Auto * Donavia, IATA code D9, a former subsidiary of Aeroflot * D9 road (Croatia), a state road in Croatia * HMS D9, a 1912 British E class submarine * HMS ''Imperial'' (D09), a 1936 British Royal Navy I-class destroyer * HMS ''Trumpeter'' (D09), a 1942 British Royal Navy escort aircraft carrier * Jodel D9, a 1948 French single-seat ultralight monoplane * LNER Class D9, a class of British steam locomotives Other uses * Delta-9-THC, the delta-9 isomer of THC * ATC code D09, ''Medicated dressings'', a classification for medical products * D-9 (video), a video format also k ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abn-CBD
Abnormal cannabidiol (Abn-CBD) is a synthetic regioisomer of cannabidiol, which unlike most other cannabinoids produces vasodilator effects, lowers blood pressure, and induces cell migration, cell proliferation and mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in microglia, but without producing any psychoactive or sedative effects. Abn-CBD can be found as an impurity in synthetic cannabidiol. Receptor activity It has been shown that the actions of abnormal cannabidiol are mediated through a site separate from the CB1 and CB2 receptors, which responds to abnormal cannabidiol, O-1602, and the endogenous ligands: anandamide (AEA), N-arachidonoyl glycine (NAGly) and N-arachidonoyl L-serine. Multiple lines of evidence support the proposed identification of this novel target in microglia as the previously orphan receptor GPR18. Another possible target of abnormal cannabidiol is GPR55, which has also received much attention as a putative cannabinoid receptor, although a growing body ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
