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Perrottetinene
Perrottetinene is a naturally occurring cannabinoid compound found in liverworts from the family Radulaceae native to Japan, New Zealand and Costa Rica, namely '' Cladoradula perrottetii'', '' Radula marginata'' and ''Radula laxiramea'', along with a number of similar compounds. Its chemical structure closely resembles that of THC, the main active component of marijuana but with a ''cis'' rather than ''trans'' conformation and a bibenzyl tailchain instead of pentyl. The absolute configuration of perrottetinene was established in 2008 by an enantioselective total synthesis. Pharmacology In 2018, a study showed that perrottetinene is mild to moderately psychoactive through activation of the cannabinoid receptor 1. (-)-''cis''-Perrottetinene was found to have a binding affinity of 481 nM at CB1 and 225 nM at CB2, while the unnatural (-)-''trans''-perrottetinene was found to more active with binding affinities of 127 nM at CB1 and 126 nM at CB2, both acting as partial agonist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radula Marginata
''Radula marginata'', or Wairuakohu, is a species of plant in the genus ''Radula'', a genus of liverworts. It is endemic to New Zealand. It has been found to contain cannabinoids. Cannabinoids The main cannabinoids in Radula marginata are not THC or CBD, the most common psychoactive chemicals produced by cannabis, but they are of similar molecular structure. The liverwort contains perrottetinene and perrottetinenic acid. It also contains a CBD analogue called Perrottetinene diol (trans-PTD). The proportion of cannabinoids present is much less than in cannabis. Perrottetinene has been shown to be a moderately potent CB1 agonist leading to mild psychoactive effects in mice. Kaitiakitanga Research on this taonga species has been carried out since 2017 by a multi-disciplinary international collaboration including a number of companies, research institutions and a collective of Māori communities represented by iwi organisations that have the plant growing in their tribal a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabinoid
Cannabinoids () are several structural classes of compounds found primarily in the ''Cannabis'' plant or as synthetic compounds. The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (delta-9-THC), the primary psychoactive compound in Cannabis (drug), cannabis. Cannabidiol (CBD) is also a major constituent of temperate cannabis plants and a minor constituent in tropical varieties. At least 100 distinct phytocannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis, although only four (i.e., THCA, CBDA, CBCA and their common precursor CBGA) have been demonstrated to have a biogenetic origin. It was reported in 2020 that phytocannabinoids can be found in other plants such as rhododendron, licorice and liverwort, and earlier in Echinacea. Phytocannabinoids are multi-ring phenolic compounds structurally related to THC, but endocannabinoids are fatty acid derivatives. Nonclassical synthetic cannabinoids (cannabimimetics) include aminoalkylindoles, 1,5-diarylpyrazoles, qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cannabinoids
Cannabinoids () are several structural classes of compounds found primarily in the ''Cannabis'' plant or as synthetic compounds. The most notable cannabinoid is the phytocannabinoid tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (delta-9-THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis. Cannabidiol (CBD) is also a major constituent of temperate cannabis plants and a minor constituent in tropical varieties. At least 100 distinct phytocannabinoids have been isolated from cannabis, although only four (i.e., THCA, CBDA, CBCA and their common precursor CBGA) have been demonstrated to have a biogenetic origin. It was reported in 2020 that phytocannabinoids can be found in other plants such as rhododendron, licorice and liverwort, and earlier in Echinacea. Phytocannabinoids are multi-ring phenolic compounds structurally related to THC, but endocannabinoids are fatty acid derivatives. Nonclassical synthetic cannabinoids (cannabimimetics) include aminoalkylindoles, 1,5-diarylpyrazoles, quinolines, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cis-THC
''cis''-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-''cis''-Δ9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the ''Cannabis'' plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known ''trans'' isomer. Formation of cis-THC could take place in process of epimerization associated with acid-catalyzed cyclization of CBD to THC. It has similar psychoactive effects to ''trans''-Δ9-THC in tests on mice, but with only around 1/5th the potency. The equivalent Δ8 isomer is also known as a synthetic compound, but has not been isolated from ''Cannabis'' plant material. All four cis/trans isomers are known, though only the (6aR,10aR) and (6aS,10aR) enantiomers are psychoactive, while the others retain activity at targets such as GPR18 and GPR55. See also * Abeo-HHC acetate * Abn-CBD * CBD-DMH * Exo-THC * Iso-THC * HU-211 * Perrottetinene Perrottetinene is a naturally occurring cannabinoid compound found in liverworts from the family Radulaceae native to Japan, New Zealand and Costa Ri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaeriol A
Machaeriol A is one of a number of phytocannabinoids with a hexahydrocannabinol backbone, found in plants from the '' Machaerium'' family such as '' Machaerium multiflorum''. While they are related in structure to tetrahydrocannabinols such as those from cannabis, the machaeriol compounds have opposite ''trans'' stereochemistry from THC and have no affinity for the psychoactive CB1 receptor. However, some derivatives are active at CB2, and they have also been found to have antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic actions, and have been investigated as lead compounds for the development of potential anti-cancer drugs. See also * Perrottetinene * Cis-THC ''cis''-Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol ((-)-''cis''-Δ9-THC) is an isomer of tetrahydrocannabinol found in the ''Cannabis'' plant but in lower quantities than the more well-known ''trans'' isomer. Formation of cis-THC could take place in process o ... References Cannabinoids Benzopyrans Hydroxyarenes Heterocy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prostaglandin E2
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), also known as dinoprostone, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin with oxytocic properties that is used as a medication. Dinoprostone is used in labor induction, bleeding after delivery, termination of pregnancy, and in newborn babies to keep the ductus arteriosus open. In babies it is used in those with congenital heart defects until surgery can be carried out. It is also used to manage gestational trophoblastic disease. It may be used within the vagina or by injection into a vein. PGE2 synthesis within the body begins with the activation of arachidonic acid (AA) by the enzyme phospholipase A2. Once activated, AA is oxygenated by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes to form prostaglandin endoperoxides. Specifically, prostaglandin G2 (PGG2) is modified by the peroxidase moiety of the COX enzyme to produce prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) which is then converted to PGE2. Common side effects of PGE2 include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and excessi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
AM-411
AM-411 (part of the AM cannabinoid series) is an analgesic drug that is a cannabinoid agonist. It is a derivative of Δ8- THC substituted with an adamantyl group at the 3-position, demonstrating that the binding pocket for the alkyl chain at this position can accommodate significant bulk. AM-411 is a potent and fairly selective CB1 full agonist with a Ki of 6.80 nM, but is still also a moderately potent CB2 agonist with a Ki of 52.0 nM. It produces similar effects to other cannabinoid agonists such as analgesia, sedation, and anxiolysis An anxiolytic (; also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety. This effect is in contrast to anxiogenic agents which increase anxiety. Anxiolytic medications are used for the treatment of anxie .... See also * AM-087 * AM-1248 * KM-233 References Adamantanes Benzochromenes Hydroxyarenes AM cannabinoids {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
KM-233
KM-233 is a synthetic cannabinoid drug which is a structural analog of Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the less active but more stable isomer of the active component of ''Cannabis''. KM-233 differs from Δ8-THC by the pentyl side chain being replaced by a 1,1-dimethylbenzyl group. It has high binding affinity ''in vitro'' for both the CB1 and CB2 receptors, with a CB2 affinity of 0.91 nM and 13-fold selectivity over the CB1 receptor. In animal studies, it has been found to be a potential treatment for glioma A glioma is a type of primary tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or spinal cord. They are malignant but some are extremely slow to develop. Gliomas comprise about 30% of all brain and central nervous system tumors and 80% of ..., a form of brain tumor. Many related analogues are known where the 1,1-dimethylbenzyl group is substituted or replaced by other groups, with a fairly well established structure-activity relationship. See also * AM-411 * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CP 42,096
CP 42,096 is an analgesic drug which acts as a cannabinoid agonist. It was developed by Pfizer in the 1980s as part of the research that led to the development of levonantradol, and is more potent than THC but less potent than newer compounds such as CP 55,244. See also * A-41988 * CP 47,497 * CP 55,940 * Canbisol * Hexahydrocannabinol Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a phytocannabinoid that has been reported as a trace component of ''Cannabis sativa''. It can also be synthesized by hydrogenation of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). The synthesis and bioactivity of HHC was first reporte ... References Cannabinoids Benzopyrans Hydroxyarenes Heterocyclic compounds with 3 rings {{cannabinoid-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Machaerium (plant)
''Machaerium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae, and was recently assigned to the informal monophyletic ''Dalbergia'' clade of the Dalbergieae. It contains the following species: * '' Machaerium aculeatum'' Raddi * '' Machaerium acutifolium'' Vogel * '' Machaerium allemanii'' Benth. * '' Machaerium amazonense'' Hoehne * '' Machaerium amplum'' Benth. * '' Machaerium androvillosum'' F. L. R. Filardi & H. C. de Lima * '' Machaerium arboreum'' (Jacq.) Vogel * '' Machaerium aristulatum'' (Benth.) Ducke * '' Machaerium aureiflorum'' Ducke * '' Machaerium aureum'' F. L. R. Filardi & H. C. de Lima * '' Machaerium berteronianum'' (Steud.) Urb. * '' Machaerium biovulatum'' Micheli * '' Machaerium bondaense'' Pittier * '' Machaerium brachycarpum'' Pittier * '' Machaerium brasiliense'' Vogel * '' Machaerium caicarense'' Pittier * '' Machaerium campylothyrsum'' Hoehne * '' Machaerium cantarellianum'' Hoehne * '' Machaerium capote'' Dugand * '' Machaerium carati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Partial Agonist
In pharmacology, partial agonists are drugs that bind to and activate a given Receptor (biochemistry), receptor, but have only partial Intrinsic activity, efficacy at the receptor relative to a full agonist. They may also be considered Ligand (biochemistry), ligands which display both agonistic and Receptor antagonist, antagonistic effects—when both a full agonist and partial agonist are present, the partial agonist actually acts as a competitive antagonist, competing with the full agonist for receptor occupancy and producing a net decrease in the receptor activation observed with the full agonist alone. Clinically, partial agonists can be used to activate receptors to give a desired submaximal response when inadequate amounts of the endogenous ligand are present, or they can reduce the overstimulation of receptors when excess amounts of the endogenous ligand are present. Some currently common drugs that have been classed as partial agonists at particular receptors include buspi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prostaglandin D2
Prostaglandin D2 (or PGD2) is a prostaglandin that binds to the receptor PTGDR (DP1), as well as CRTH2 (DP2). It is a major prostaglandin produced by mast cells – recruits Th2 cells, eosinophils, and basophils. In mammalian organs, large amounts of PGD2 are found only in the brain and in mast cells. It is critical to development of allergic diseases such as asthma. Research carried out in 1989' found PGD2 is the primary mediator of vasodilation (the "niacin flush") after ingestion of niacin (nicotinic acid). A 2012 research paper indicates a causal link between elevated levels of localized PGD2 and hair growth inhibition. Applied topically, the researchers found PGD2 prevents hair growth, and mice that were genetically inclined to produce higher levels of PGD2 had inhibited hair growth. The researchers also found PGD2 levels were much higher in balding scalp tissue than nonbalding scalp tissue, through increased levels of prostaglandin D2 synthase. The paper suggested th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
