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6-Methoxytryptamine
6-Methoxytryptamine (6-MeO-T; developmental code name PAL-263) is a monoamine releasing agent and serotonin receptor modulator of the tryptamine family. It is a positional isomer of 5-methoxytryptamine. Pharmacology 6-Methoxytryptamine is a potent serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), with values for monoamine release induction of 53.8nM for serotonin, 113nM for dopamine, and 465nM for norepinephrine in rat brain synaptosomes. It is also a full agonist of the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, but with very low potency; its and at this receptor were 2,443nM and 111%, respectively. In a series of tryptamine derivatives, 6-methoxytryptamine was the least potent serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, while 5-methoxytryptamine was the most potent serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist, with 5-methoxytryptamine showing approximately 4,857-fold higher potency in terms of serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonism than 6-methoxytryptamine. Conversely, whereas 6-methoxytryptamine was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Substituted β-carboline
A substituted β-carboline is a chemical compound featuring a β-carboline moiety (chemistry), moiety with one or more chemical substituent, substitutions. β-Carbolines include more than one hundred alkaloids and synthetic compounds. The effects of these substances depend on their respective substituent. Natural β-carbolines primarily influence brain functions but can also exhibit antioxidant effects. Synthetically designed β-carboline Derivative (chemistry), derivatives have recently been shown to have Neuroprotection, neuroprotective, Neuroenhancement, cognitive enhancing and anti-cancer properties. β-Carbolines are indole alkaloids featuring a fused pyridine and indole ring structure similar to tryptamine, forming a three-ringed system with variable saturation in the third ring. β-Carboline alkaloids naturally occur widely in prokaryotes, plants, animals, certain marine tunicates, and foods like coffee and smoked meats, and are also responsible for the fluorescence of sco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monoamine Releasing Agent
A monoamine releasing agent (MRA), or simply monoamine releaser, is a drug that induces the release of one or more monoamine neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron into the synapse, leading to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of the neurotransmitters and hence enhanced signaling by those neurotransmitters. The monoamine neurotransmitters include serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine; MRAs can induce the release of one or more of these neurotransmitters. MRAs work by reversing the direction of the monoamine transporters (MATs), including the serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), and/or dopamine transporter (DAT), causing them to promote efflux of non-vesicular cytoplasmic monoamine neurotransmitter rather than reuptake of synaptic monoamine neurotransmitter. Many, but not all MRAs, also reverse the direction of the vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), thereby additionally resulting in efflux of vesicular monoamine neuro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scientific Literature
Scientific literature encompasses a vast body of academic papers that spans various disciplines within the natural and social sciences. It primarily consists of academic papers that present original empirical research and theoretical contributions. These papers serve as essential sources of knowledge and are commonly referred to simply as "the literature" within specific research fields. The process of academic publishing involves disseminating research findings to a wider audience. Researchers submit their work to reputable journals or conferences, where it undergoes rigorous evaluation by experts in the field. This evaluation, known as peer review, ensures the quality, validity, and reliability of the research before it becomes part of the scientific literature. Peer-reviewed publications contribute significantly to advancing our understanding of the world and shaping future research endeavors. Original scientific research first published in scientific journals co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibogalog
Noribogaminalog, or ''N''-desmethylibogaminalog, also known as 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydroazepino[4,5-b]indole, is a chemical compound and parent structure of the ibogalog group of compounds. The ibogalogs that have been described include ibogaminalog, ibogainalog, noribogainalog, tabernanthalog, fluorogainalog, LS-22925, PNU-22394, and PHA-57378, among others. The ibogalogs, specifically ibogainalog and analogues, were first described in the scientific literature by 1968. See also * Azepinoindole * Iboga-type alkaloid * Desethylibogamine References External links Noribogaminalog - Isomer DesignIbogalogs, Drug Discovery, and the New Psychedelic Era - NeuWrite West Ibogalogs {{Organic-compound-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synthetic Compound
Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. For example, carbon-containing compounds such as alkanes (e.g. methane ) and its derivatives are universally considered organic, but many others are sometimes considered inorganic, such as certain compounds of carbon with nitrogen and oxygen (e.g. cyanide ion , hydrogen cyanide , chloroformic acid , carbon dioxide , and carbonate ion ). Due to carbon's ability to catenate (form chains with other carbon atoms), millions of organic compounds are known. The study of the properties, reactions, and syntheses of organic compounds comprise the discipline known as organic chemistry. For historical reasons, a few classes of carbon-containing compounds (e.g., carbonate salts and cyanide salts), along with a few other exceptions (e.g., carbon dioxide, and even hydrogen cy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabernanthalog
Tabernanthalog (TBG, DLX-007) is a novel water-soluble, non-toxic ibogalog or simplified analogue of the psychoactive drug tabernanthine first synthesized by David E. Olson at UC Davis. Tabernanthalog is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A receptor agonist. It is also a serotonin 5-HT2B receptor antagonist. The drug is described as having high selectivity for the serotonin 5-HT2 receptors. Other targets of the drug include monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), the α2A-adrenergic receptor, the serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT2C receptors, and the serotonin transporter (SERT). In rodents, it was found to promote structural neural plasticity, reduce drug seeking behavior, and produce antidepressant like effects. It has also been shown that it effectively reduces motivation for heroin and alcohol in rats. This indicates its efficacy in animals with a history of heroin and alcohol polydrug use. Due to the rapidly-induced and enduring neuroplasticity, tabernanthalog is a member of the clas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibogaline
Ibogaline is an alkaloid found in '' Tabernanthe iboga'' along with the related chemical compounds ibogaine, ibogamine, and other minor alkaloids. It is a relatively smaller component of ''Tabernanthe iboga'' root bark total alkaloids (TA) content. It is also present in ''Tabernaemontana'' species such as '' Tabernaemontana australis'' which shares similar ibogan-biosynthetic pathways. The percentage of ibogaline in ''T. iboga'' root bark is up to 15% TA with ibogaine constituting 80% of the alkaloids and ibogamine up to 5%. Chemistry Derivatives Kisantine and Gabonine are thought to be ibogaline's oxidation byproducts. Adverse effect In rodents, ibogaline induces more body tremor and ataxia compared to ibogaine and ibogamine. Among a series of iboga and harmala alkaloids evaluated in rats, the study authors found the following order of potency in causing tremors: * ED50 (μmol/kg, sc): tabernanthine (4.5) > ibogaline (7.6) > harmaline (12.8) > harmine (13.7) > ibogaine (3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tabernanthine
Tabernanthine is an alkaloid found in ''Tabernanthe iboga''. It has been used in laboratory experiments to study how addiction affects the brain. Tabernanthine persistently reduced the self-administration of cocaine and morphine in rats. Pharmacology It is kappa opioid agonist (Ki = 0.15 μM) and NMDA receptor (Ki = 10.5 μM) antagonist. Compared to ibogaine, it binds weakly to σ1 and σ2 receptor. See also * Coronaridine * Ibogamine * Voacangine * Tabernaemontanine * Tabernanthalog Tabernanthalog (TBG, DLX-007) is a novel water-soluble, non-toxic ibogalog or simplified analogue of the psychoactive drug tabernanthine first synthesized by David E. Olson at UC Davis. Tabernanthalog is a non-hallucinogenic serotonin 5-HT2A ... References Alkaloids found in Iboga NMDA receptor antagonists Azepines Quinuclidine alkaloids Tryptamine alkaloids Azepinoindoles {{nervous-system-drug-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Iboga Alkaloid
Iboga-type alkaloids are a set of monoterpene indole alkaloids comprising naturally occurring compounds found in ''Tabernanthe'' and ''Tabernaemontana'', as well as synthetic structural analogs. Naturally occurring iboga-type alkaloids include ibogamine, ibogaine, tabernanthine, and other substituted ibogamines . Many iboga-type alkaloids display Biological activity, biological activities such as Cardiotoxicity, cardiac toxicity and Psychoactive drug, psychoactive effects, and some have been studied as potential treatments for drug addiction. Naturally-occurring (16R,20S)-Ibogaine Structural Formula V2.svg, Ibogaine (16R,20S)-Ibogamine Structural Formula V2.svg, Ibogamine (16R,20S)-Tabernanthine Structural Formula V2.svg, Tabernanthine (16S,20S)-Coronaridine Structural Formula V2.svg, Coronaridine Substituted ibogamines Catharanthine is an Saturated and unsaturated compounds, unsaturated analog of coronaridine. Oxidation products Similarly to other ring-constrained Su ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cyclized Tryptamine
Substituted tryptamines, or simply tryptamines, also known as serotonin analogues (i.e., 5-hydroxytryptamine analogues), are organic compounds which may be thought of as being derived from tryptamine itself. The molecular structures of all tryptamines contain an indole ring, joined to an amino group, amino (NH2) group via an ethyl (−CH2–CH2−) side chain, sidechain. In substituted tryptamines, the indole ring, sidechain, and/or amino group are modified by substituting another group for one of the hydrogen (H) atoms. Well-known tryptamines include serotonin, an important neurotransmitter, and melatonin, a hormone involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Tryptamine alkaloids are found in fungi, plants and animals; and sometimes used by humans for the neurological or psychotropic effects of the substance. Prominent examples of tryptamine alkaloids include psilocybin (from "psilocybin mushrooms") and dimethyltryptamine, DMT. In South America, dimethyltryptamine is obtained f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Natural Product
A natural product is a natural compound or substance produced by a living organism—that is, found in nature. In the broadest sense, natural products include any substance produced by life. Natural products can also be prepared by chemical synthesis (both semisynthesis and total synthesis and have played a central role in the development of the field of organic chemistry by providing challenging synthetic targets). The term ''natural product'' has also been extended for commercial purposes to refer to cosmetics, dietary supplements, and foods produced from natural sources without added artificial ingredients. Within the field of organic chemistry, the definition of natural products is usually restricted to organic compounds isolated from natural sources that are produced by the pathways of primary or secondary metabolism. Within the field of medicinal chemistry, the definition is often further restricted to secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolites (or specialized meta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
