The Weimar Triangle (; ; ) is a regional alliance of

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

, and

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

created in 1991 in the German city of

Weimar Weimar is a city in the state (Germany), German state of Thuringia, in Central Germany (cultural area), Central Germany between Erfurt to the west and Jena to the east, southwest of Leipzig, north of Nuremberg and west of Dresden. Together w ...

. The group is intended to promote co-operation between the three countries in cross-border and European issues. It exists mostly in the form of summit meetings between the leaders of the three countries, and of their foreign ministers. The collaboration between member states includes inter-parliamentary contacts and military, scientific, and cultural cooperation.

History

1990s

The Weimar Triangle was established in the German city of

in 1991, aimed at assisting Poland's emergence from

Communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...

rule. Attending the meeting were the Foreign Ministers of each state: Roland Dumas of France,

Hans-Dietrich Genscher Hans-Dietrich Genscher (21 March 1927 – 31 March 2016) was a German statesman and a member of the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP), who served as Federal Minister of the Interior from 1969 to 1974, and as Federal Minister for Foreign Affa ...

of Germany, and Krzysztof Skubiszewski of Poland. Genscher chose Weimar for the inaugural meeting because it was situated in former East Germany.Sarah Helm (23 May 1996)
'Weimar Triangle' takes shape for power
''

The Independent ''The Independent'' is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the ''Indy'', it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was publis ...

''. At the 1992 meeting of the Weimar Triangle in France, Poland won agreement from Germany and France that it should have special association status at the

Western European Union The Western European Union (WEU; , UEO; , WEU) was the international organisation and military alliance that succeeded the Western Union (alliance) , Western Union (WU) after the 1954 amendment of the 1948 Treaty of Brussels. The WEU implement ...

, the European arm of

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member s ...

2000s

Apart from regular meetings of ministers of foreign affairs and occasional summits of the countries' leaders, no major changes or decisions were made in the first decade of the twenty-first century in the Weimar Triangle.

2010s

At the 2011 summit hosted by President

Bronisław Komorowski Bronisław Maria Komorowski (; born 4 June 1952) is a Polish politician and historian who was the fifth president of Poland from 2010 to 2015. Komorowski previously served as Ministry of National Defence (Poland), Minister of National Defence ...

of Poland and attended by President

Nicolas Sarkozy Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa ( ; ; born 28 January 1955) is a French politician who served as President of France from 2007 to 2012. In 2021, he was found guilty of having tried to bribe a judge in 2014 to obtain information ...

(France) and Chancellor

Angela Merkel Angela Dorothea Merkel (; ; born 17 July 1954) is a German retired politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 2005 to 2021. She is the only woman to have held the office. She was Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2005 and Leade ...

(Germany), the three leaders discussed issues of renewing regular Weimar Triangle meetings and improving relations with Russia (among other topics). Both Germany and France urged Poland to join the Pact for Competitiveness. On 5 July 2011, France, Germany, and Poland signed an agreement in Brussels to put together a unit of 1,700 soldiers under Polish command, called the Weimar Battlegroup, that was to be ready to deploy in crisis zones starting in 2013. The operational command centre was to be based in Mont Valerien, located in a Paris suburb.AFP
Germany, France and Poland form EU battlegroup
EUbusiness. Retrieved 5 July 2011.

Shortly after the

referendum A referendum, plebiscite, or ballot measure is a Direct democracy, direct vote by the Constituency, electorate (rather than their Representative democracy, representatives) on a proposal, law, or political issue. A referendum may be either bin ...

on the status of

Crimea Crimea ( ) is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov. The Isthmus of Perekop connects the peninsula to Kherson Oblast in mainland Ukrain ...

held on 16 March 2014, the chairpersons of the Weimar Triangle parliament's committees on foreign affairs – Elisabeth Guigou of

Norbert Röttgen Norbert Alois Röttgen (born 2 July 1965) is a German lawyer and politician who served as Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2009 to 2012. A member of t ...

and Grzegorz Schetyna of

– visited Kyiv to express their countries’ firm support of the territorial integrity and the European integration of

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. This was the first time that parliamentarians of the Weimar Triangle had ever made a joint trip to a third country. In April 2016, Poland's foreign minister Witold Waszczykowski told daily newspaper ''

Gazeta Wyborcza (; ''The Electoral Gazette'' in English) is a Polish nationwide daily newspaper based in Warsaw, Poland. It was launched on 8 May 1989 on the basis of the Polish Round Table Agreement and as a press organ of the Solidarity (Polish trade union), t ...

'' that the Weimar Triangle had lost its relevance for his country. On 28 August 2016, representatives of the three countries vowed to "reinvigorate" the Weimar Triangle. German foreign minister

Frank-Walter Steinmeier Frank-Walter Steinmeier (; born 5 January 1956) is a German politician who has served as President of Germany since 2017. He was previously Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), federal minister for foreign affairs from 2005 to 2009 and again f ...

said the group would meet before the end of 2016, and French foreign minister Jean-Marc Ayrault said France would host a summit in November 2016. The stated reasoning for this reinvigoration were the decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union, as well as the ongoing

European migrant crisis The 2015 European migrant crisis was a period of significantly increased movement of refugees and Human migration, migrants into Europe, mostly from the Middle East. An estimated 1.3 million people came to the continent to request Right of asyl ...

2020s

On 8 February 2022, the meeting between Presidents

Emmanuel Macron Emmanuel Jean-Michel Frédéric Macron (; born 21 December 1977) is a French politician who has served as President of France and Co-Prince of Andorra since 2017. He was Ministry of Economy and Finance (France), Minister of Economics, Industr ...

Andrzej Duda Andrzej Sebastian Duda (born 16 May 1972) is a Polish lawyer and politician who has served as the sixth president of Poland since 2015. Before becoming president, he served as a Member of the Sejm from 2011 to 2014 and before becoming Member of ...

and Chancellor

Olaf Scholz Olaf Scholz (; born 14 June 1958) is a German politician who served as the Chancellor of Germany from 2021 to 2025. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD), he previously served as Vice-Chancellor of Ge ...

took place in Berlin to discuss security cooperation in the face of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian crisis. This was the first such trilateral meeting between the three heads of state or government in many years, and was seen as a step towards strengthening the Weimar Triangle format. At a joint press conference President Duda appealed for unity among European leaders saying that "We must show that we speak in one voice". The German Chancellor stressed that any violation of Ukraine's sovereignty and

territorial integrity Territorial integrity is the principle under international law where sovereign states have a right to defend their borders and all territory in them from another state. It is enshrined in Article 2(4) of the UN Charter and has been recognized as c ...

was "unacceptable" and would have "far-reaching consequences for Russia in political, economic and geo-strategic dimensions" while President Macron reinforced France's determination to use diplomatic efforts which he said were "the only path to end the conflict around Ukraine." On 24 February the full-scale

Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, , starting the largest and deadliest war in Europe since World War II, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, conflict between the two countries which began in 2014. The fighting has caused hundreds of thou ...

began. On 12 June 2023, the leaders of the Weimar Triangle, Scholz, Macron and Duda met at the group's summit held in Paris to discuss a number of foreign policy issues the most important of which was the

. The leaders reaffirmed their "unwavering support" for Ukraine and declared to assist the country in its defence efforts against Russia’s aggression politically, with humanitarian aid, financially and also by supplying arms. Among the topics discussed was also Ukraine’s future membership in the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational union, supranational political union, political and economic union of Member state of the European Union, member states that are Geography of the European Union, located primarily in Europe. The u ...

and the

alliance. On 27 June 2023, the German Minister of Finance Christian Lindner remarked in Berlin that today was the first meeting in that format of financiers since 2017. The invasion of Ukraine was the reason for the revived interest in this format. Lindner,

Bruno Le Maire Bruno Le Maire (; born 15 April 1969) is a French politician, writer, and former diplomat who served as Economy and Finance Minister from 2017 to 2024 under President Emmanuel Macron. A former member of The Republicans (LR), which he left in ...

and Magdalena Rzeczkowska discussed the union of their capital markets. As the Fall of Avdiivka culminated, at the meeting of Weimar Triangle heads in Berlin on 12 February 2024 Polish Prime Minister

Donald Tusk Donald Franciszek Tusk (born 22 April 1957) is a Polish politician and historian who has served as the prime minister of Poland since 2023, previously holding the office from 2007 to 2014. Tusk served as the president of the European Council (20 ...

hinted that his country might join the European Sky Shield Initiative project headed by Germany, notable especially in the wake of unsettling comments on the future of

by an American presidential candidate. The foreign ministers, who also met that day in

La Celle-Saint-Cloud La Celle-Saint-Cloud () is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. It is a western outer suburb of Paris, from its centre, on the departmental border with Hauts-de-Seine. In 2021, it had a popula ...

, called amongst other things for a "Weimar of citizens", a "Weimar of youth", a "Weimar of excellence" and a "Weimar of culture". On 15 March 2024, a summit of Weimar Triangle was held in Berlin with Macron, Scholz and Tusk in attendance. The leaders stressed that they remained united over their stance on Europe's response to Russia's war in Ukraine. The leaders also announced a "capacity coalition" to provide long-distance artillery to Ukraine would be established, while declaring to "never prompt escalation" there. Chancellor Scholz stated that the three countries wanted to make sure that Ukraine could be capable of defending itself against Russia's invasion. Other journalists were keen to quote Scholz as having said at the "hastily arranged summit" that a "coalition for long-range rocket artillery" was then formed and that "starting immediately, we will procure even more weapons for Ukraine, on the overall world market." Another journalist was surprised that the leaders did not take questions from the press. On 7 November 2024, the leaders of the Weimar Triangle issued a joint statement expressing concern over the

2024 Georgian parliamentary election Parliamentary elections were held in Georgia (country), Georgia on 26 October 2024. The elections were held under the rules passed in 2017 through the constitutional amendments which shifted the electoral system towards a fully proportional r ...

calling for "swift and transparent investigations of all complaints and reports of election-related irregularities" and the reversal of the Russian-inspired legislation. On 31 December 2024, the Weimar Triangle foreign ministers made another statement about the overall political crisis, adding their concern about "violence against peaceful protesters, media and opposition leaders" and " e political course of repression and

democratic backsliding Democratic backsliding or autocratization is a process of regime change toward autocracy in which the exercise of political power becomes more arbitrary and repressive. The process typically restricts the space for public contest and politi ...

by the

Georgian Dream Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia (GD), also colloquially known as the Kotsebi, is a Conservatism, conservative and populism, populist List of political parties in Georgia (country), political party in Georgia (country), Georgia, which has ...

" and stating that they were "determin dto support the democratic and European aspirations of the Georgian people".

Formations (government)

Ministers of Foreign Affairs

# 28–29 August 1991 in

, Germany:

, Roland Dumas, Krzysztof Skubiszewski # 23–24 April 1992 in Bergerac, France: Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Roland Dumas, Krzysztof Skubiszewski # 11–12 November 1993 in

Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...

, Poland:

Klaus Kinkel Klaus Kinkel (17 December 1936 – 4 March 2019)
Alain Juppé Alain Marie Juppé (; born 15 August 1945) is a French politician. A member of The Republicans, he was Prime Minister of France from 1995 to 1997 under President Jacques Chirac, during which period he faced major strikes that paralysed the c ...

, Andrzej Olechowski # 14–15 September 1994 in

Bamberg Bamberg (, , ; East Franconian German, East Franconian: ''Bambärch'') is a town in Upper Franconia district in Bavaria, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main (river), Main. Bamberg had 79,000 inhabitants in ...

, Germany: Klaus Kinkel, Alain Juppé, Andrzej Olechowski # 26 October 1995 in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

, France: Klaus Kinkel, Hervé de Charette,

Władysław Bartoszewski Władysław Bartoszewski (; 19 February 1922 – 24 April 2015) was a Polish politician, social activist, journalist, writer and historian. A former Auschwitz concentration camp prisoner, he was a World War II resistance fighter as part of th ...

# 19 December 1996 in

, Poland: Klaus Kinkel, Hervé de Charette,

Dariusz Rosati Dariusz Kajetan Rosati (born 8 August 1946 as Gaetano Dario Rosati) is a Polish professor of economics and a politician who served as a member of the European Parliament from 2004–2009 and 2014-2019, and a deputy of the Sejm from 2011-2014 and ...

# 19 November 1997 in

Frankfurt/Oder Frankfurt (Oder), also known as Frankfurt an der Oder (, ; Marchian dialects, Central Marchian: ''Frankfort an de Oder,'' ) is the fourth-largest city in the German state of Brandenburg after Potsdam, Cottbus and Brandenburg an der Havel. With a ...

, Germany: Klaus Kinkel, Hubert Védrine, Dariusz Rosati # 6 January 1999 in Paris, France: Joschka Fischer, Hubert Védrine,

Bronisław Geremek Bronisław Geremek (; born Benjamin Lewertow;

# 30 August 1999 in Weimar, Germany: Joschka Fischer, Hubert Védrine, Bronisław Geremek # 7 June 2000 in

Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...

, Poland: Joschka Fischer, Hubert Védrine, Bronisław Geremek # 23 April 2002 in Paris, France: Joschka Fischer, Hubert Védrine,

Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (, born 13 September 1950 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland for a year from 7 February 1996 to 31 October 1997, after being defeated in the Parliamentary elections by the Solidarity ...

# 16 January 2004 in Berlin, Germany: Joschka Fischer,

Dominique de Villepin Dominique Marie François René Galouzeau de Villepin (; born 14 November 1953) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France from 31 May 2005 to 17 May 2007 under President Jacques Chirac. In his career working at the Ministry ...

, Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz # 27 June 2005 in Warsaw, Poland: Joschka Fischer,

Philippe Douste-Blazy Philippe Douste-Blazy (; born 1 January 1953) is a French United Nations official and former centre-right politician. Over the course of his career, he served as Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations, Special Adviser on Innovative Financi ...

, Adam Daniel Rotfeld # 17 June 2008 in Paris, France:

, Bernard Kouchner, Radoslaw Sikorski # 26–27 April 2010 in

Bonn Bonn () is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine. With a population exceeding 300,000, it lies about south-southeast of Cologne, in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region. This ...

, Germany: Guido Westerwelle,

Bernard Kouchner Bernard Kouchner (born 1 November 1939) is a French politician and doctor. He is the co-founder of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and Médecins du Monde. From 2007 until 2010, he was the French Minister of Foreign and European Affairs in t ...

, Radoslaw Sikorski (with Kostyantyn Gryshchenko from Ukraine as guest) # 23 June 2010 in Paris, France: Guido Westerwelle, Bernard Kouchner, Radoslaw Sikorski (with

Sergey Lavrov Sergey Viktorovich Lavrov (, ; born 21 March 1950) is a Russian diplomat who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs (Russia), Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2004. He is the longest-serving Russian foreign minister since Andrei Gromyko d ...

from Russia as guest) # 20 May 2011 in

Bydgoszcz Bydgoszcz is a city in northern Poland and the largest city in the historical region of Kuyavia. Straddling the confluence of the Vistula River and its bank (geography), left-bank tributary, the Brda (river), Brda, the strategic location of Byd ...

, Poland: Guido Westerwelle,

Alain Juppé Alain Marie Juppé (; born 15 August 1945) is a French politician. A member of The Republicans, he was Prime Minister of France from 1995 to 1997 under President Jacques Chirac, during which period he faced major strikes that paralysed the c ...

, Radoslaw Sikorski # 29 February 2012 in Berlin, Germany: Guido Westerwelle, Alain Juppé, Radoslaw Sikorski # 20 February 2014 in

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

, Ukraine: Frank-Walter Steinmeier,

Laurent Fabius Laurent Fabius (; born 20 August 1946) is a French politician. A member of the Socialist Party (France), Socialist Party, he previously served as Prime Minister of France from 17 July 1984 to 20 March 1986. Fabius was 37 years old when he was a ...

, Radoslaw Sikorski # 31 March-1 April 2014 in Berlin and Weimar, Germany: Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Laurent Fabius, Radoslaw Sikorski # 24 October 2014 in

, France: Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Laurent Fabius and Grzegorz Schetyna # 3 April 2015 in

Wrocław Wrocław is a city in southwestern Poland, and the capital of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. It is the largest city and historical capital of the region of Silesia. It lies on the banks of the Oder River in the Silesian Lowlands of Central Eu ...

, Poland: Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Laurent Fabius and Grzegorz Schetyna # 28–29 August 2016 in Weimar and Berlin, Germany: Frank-Walter Steinmeier, Jean-Marc Ayrault, Witold Waszczykowski # 15 October 2020 in Paris, France:

Heiko Maas Heiko Josef Maas (; born 19 September 1966) is a German lawyerMarcus Jung (15 December 2022)�''Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung''. and former politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Social Democratic Party (SPD) who served as the Mini ...

Jean-Yves Le Drian Jean-Yves Le Drian (; born 30 June 1947) is a French politician who served as Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs in the governments of Prime Ministers Édouard Philippe and Jean Castex (2017–2022) and as Minister of Defence under Preside ...

, Zbigniew Rau # 10 September 2021 in Weimar, Germany: Heiko Maas, Jean-Yves Le Drian, Zbigniew Rau # 1 March 2022 in

Łódź Łódź is a city in central Poland and a former industrial centre. It is the capital of Łódź Voivodeship, and is located south-west of Warsaw. Łódź has a population of 655,279, making it the country's List of cities and towns in Polan ...

, Poland:

Annalena Baerbock Annalena Charlotte Alma Baerbock (; born 15 December 1980) is a German politician and diplomat of the Alliance 90/The Greens party. She served as Minister for Foreign Affairs (Germany), Germany's minister for foreign affairs from 2021 to 2025. I ...

, Jean-Yves Le Drian, Zbigniew Rau # 12 February 2024 in La Celle-Saint-Cloud, France: Annalena Baerbock,

Stéphane Séjourné Stéphane Séjourné (; born 26 March 1985) is a French politician of Renaissance who currently serves as Executive Vice-President of the European Commission for Prosperity and Industrial Strategy. He served as Minister for Europe and Foreign ...

Radosław Sikorski Radosław Tomasz Sikorski (; born 23 February 1963), also known as Radek Sikorski, is a Polish politician, journalist and statesman who has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland since 2023, previously holding the office between 2007 and ...

# 8 May 2025 in Warsaw, Poland: Johann Wadephul, Jean-Noël Barrot, Radosław Sikorski

Heads of state and government

# 21 September 1993 in

Gdańsk Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic Sea, Baltic coast of northern Poland, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. With a population of 486,492, Data for territorial unit 2261000. it is Poland's sixth-largest city and principal seaport. Gdań ...

, Poland:

Richard von Weizsäcker Richard Karl Freiherr von Weizsäcker (; 15 April 1920 – 31 January 2015) was a German politician ( CDU), who served as President of Germany from 1984 to 1994. Born into the aristocratic Weizsäcker family, who were part of the German nobili ...

François Mitterrand François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 19168 January 1996) was a French politician and statesman who served as President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest holder of that position in the history of France. As a former First ...

Lech Wałęsa Lech Wałęsa (; ; born 29 September 1943) is a Polish statesman, dissident, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate who served as the president of Poland between 1990 and 1995. After winning the 1990 Polish presidential election, 1990 election, Wałę ...

# 21 February 1998 in

Poznań Poznań ( ) is a city on the Warta, River Warta in west Poland, within the Greater Poland region. The city is an important cultural and business center and one of Poland's most populous regions with many regional customs such as Saint John's ...

, Poland:

Helmut Kohl Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (; 3 April 1930 – 16 June 2017) was a German politician who served as chancellor of Germany and governed the ''Federal Republic'' from 1982 to 1998. He was leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to ...

Jacques Chirac Jacques René Chirac (, ; ; 29 November 193226 September 2019) was a French politician who served as President of France from 1995 to 2007. He was previously Prime Minister of France from 1974 to 1976 and 1986 to 1988, as well as Mayor of Pari ...

Aleksander Kwaśniewski Aleksander Kwaśniewski (; born 15 November 1954) is a Polish politician and journalist. He served the maximum two terms as the president of Poland from 1995 to 2005. His tenure as President was marked by modernization of Poland, rapid economi ...

# 7 May 1999 in Nancy, France:

Gerhard Schröder Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder (; born 7 April 1944) is a German former politician and Lobbying, lobbyist who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005. From 1999 to 2004, he was also the Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (S ...

, Jacques Chirac, Aleksander Kwaśniewski # 27 February 2001 in Hambach, Germany: Gerhard Schröder, Jacques Chirac, Aleksander Kwaśniewski # 9 May 2003 in Wrocław, Poland (held a few days before the referendum on the entry of Poland in the European Union): Gerhard Schröder, Jacques Chirac, Aleksander Kwaśniewski # 19 May 2005 in Nancy, France: Gerhard Schröder, Jacques Chirac, Aleksander Kwaśniewski # 5 December 2006 in Mettlach, Germany:

, Jacques Chirac, Lech Kaczynski # 7 February 2011 in Warsaw, Poland: Angela Merkel,

# 6 March 2013 in Warsaw, Poland: Angela Merkel,

François Hollande François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France from 2012 to 2017. Before his presidency, he was First Secretary of the Socialist Party (France), First Secretary of th ...

(jointly with leaders of the

Visegrád Group The Visegrád Group (also known as the Visegrád Four or the V4) is a cultural and political alliance of four Central European countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. The alliance aims to advance co-operation in military, e ...

) # 8 February 2022 in Berlin, German:

# 12 June 2023 in Paris, France: Olaf Scholz, Emmanuel Macron, Andrzej Duda # 15 March 2024 in Berlin, Germany: Olaf Scholz, Emmanuel Macron,

A planned Summit on 3 July 2006 in Weimar, Germany was postponed due to the alleged indisposition of the Polish president

Lech Kaczyński Lech Aleksander Kaczyński (; 18 June 194910 April 2010) was a Polish politician who served as the city mayor of Warsaw from 2002 until 2005, and as President of Poland from 2005 until his death in 2010 in an air crash. The aircraft carrying ...

Ministers of European Affairs

# 26 May 2003 in Warsaw, Poland: Hans Martin Bury, Noëlle Lenoir,

Danuta Hübner Danuta Maria Hübner (, or ; born 8 April 1948) is a Polish politician, diplomat, and economist and Member of the European Parliament. She was European Commissioner for Regional Policy from 22 November 2004 until 4 July 2009, when she resigned t ...

# 22 October 2004 in Warsaw, Poland: Hans Martin Bury, Claudie Haigneré, Jarosław Pietras # 7 November 2008 in Paris, France: Günter Gloser, Pierre Lellouche, Mikołaj Dowgielewicz # 1 February 2010 in Warsaw, Poland:

Werner Hoyer Werner Hoyer (born 17 November 1951) is a German economist and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who served as President of the European Investment Bank (EIB) between 2012 and 2023. Education and early career Hoyer graduated as an e ...

, Jean-Pierre Jouyet, Mikołaj Dowgielewicz # 22 September 2011 in Berlin, Germany: Werner Hoyer, Jean Leonetti, Mikołaj Dowgielewicz # 16 March 2012 in

Antibes Antibes (, , ; ) is a seaside city in the Alpes-Maritimes Departments of France, department in Southeastern France. It is located on the French Riviera between Cannes and Nice; its cape, the Cap d'Antibes, along with Cap Ferrat in Saint-Jean-Ca ...

, France: Michael Georg Link, Jean Leonetti, Mikołaj Dowgielewicz # 1 October 2012 in Warsaw, Poland: Michael Georg Link, Thierry Repentin,

Piotr Serafin Piotr Arkadiusz Serafin (; born 12 January 1974) is a Polish politician and lawyer who has served as European Commissioner, European Commissioner for Budget and Administration since December 2024. Between 2007–2008, he served as Ministry of Fo ...

# 16 July 2013 in Bad Wimpfen, Germany: Michael Georg Link, Bernard Cazeneuve, Piotr Serafin # 10 July 2014 in Warsaw, Poland: Michael Roth,

Harlem Désir Harlem Jean-Philippe Désir (; born 25 November 1959) is a French politician who served as leader of the Socialist Party (PS) from 2012 to 2014. First widely known as a community activist and as the first president of SOS Racisme in the 1980s, ...

, Piotr Serafin # 26 September 2014 in

Herleshausen Herleshausen () is a municipality in the Werra-Meißner-Kreis in Hesse, Germany. Geography Location Herleshausen lies north of a section of the boundary with Thuringia in the thickly wooded area between the Ringgau and the Thuringian Forest (ran ...

, Germany: Michael Roth, Harlem Désir,

Rafał Trzaskowski Rafał Kazimierz Trzaskowski (born 17 January 1972) is a Polish politician and political scientist specializing in European studies who has served as List of city mayors of Warsaw, Mayor of Warsaw since 22 November 2018. He served as a Member ...

# 30 September 2015 in Paris, France: Michael Roth, Harlem Désir, Rafał Trzaskowski # 14 June 2016 in Warsaw, Poland: Michael Roth, Harlem Désir, Konrad Szymański # 21 January 2020 in

Lens, Pas-de-Calais Lens (; ) is a city in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France. It is one of the main towns of Hauts-de-France along with Lille, Valenciennes, Amiens, Roubaix, Tourcoing, Arras and Douai. The inhabitants are called ''Lensois'' (). Metro ...

, France: Michael Roth, Amélie de Montchalin, Konrad Szymański # 15–16 September 2022 in Poznań, Poland:

Anna Lührmann Anna Lührmann (born 14 June 1983) is a German political scientist and politician of Alliance 90/The Greens who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag since the 2021 German federal election. In addition to her work in parliament, she has b ...

, Laurence Boone, Konrad Szymański # 11 May 2023 in

Eltville Eltville am Rhein (; from ''Alta Villa'', Latin for "high estate, high town", corrupted to ''Eldeville'', ''Elfeld'' and later Eltville ) is a town in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the ''Regierungsbezirk'' of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany. It lies on ...

, Germany: Anna Lührmann, Laurence Boone, Szymon Szynkowski vel Sęk # 17–18 July 2023 in

Skopje Skopje ( , ; ; , sq-definite, Shkupi) is the capital and largest city of North Macedonia. It lies in the northern part of the country, in the Skopje Basin, Skopje Valley along the Vardar River, and is the political, economic, and cultura ...

North Macedonia North Macedonia, officially the Republic of North Macedonia, is a landlocked country in Southeast Europe. It shares land borders with Greece to the south, Albania to the west, Bulgaria to the east, Kosovo to the northwest and Serbia to the n ...

: Anna Lührmann, Laurence Boone, Szymon Szynkowski vel Sęk # 29 April 2024 in Paris, France: Anna Lührmann, Jean-Noël Barrot,

Adam Szłapka Adam Stanisław Szłapka (born December 6, 1984, in Kościan) is a Polish politician, political scientist, and local government official. He has been a member of the Sejm (Polish Parliament) for the 8th, 9th, and 10th terms (since 2015). He ha ...

# 12–13 December 2024 in Genshagen, Germany: Anna Lührmann, Benjamin Haddad, Adam Szłapka

Ministers of Defence

# 12 February 1999 in Kraków, Poland: Rudolf Scharping, Alain Richard,

Janusz Onyszkiewicz Janusz Adam Onyszkiewicz (, born 18 December 1937) is a Polish mathematician, alpinist and politician,Europa Publications, "The International Who's Who 2004", Routledge, 2003pg. 1258/ref> who served as Minister of Defence twice, in the cabinets ...

# 29 September 2004 in

Heiligendamm Heiligendamm () is a German seaside resort founded in 1793. It is the oldest seaside spa in continental Europe. Heiligendamm is part of the town Bad Doberan in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and historically belongs to Mecklenburg. The ...

, Germany: Peter Struck,

Michèle Alliot-Marie Michèle Yvette Marie-Thérèse Jeanne Honorine Alliot-Marie (; born 10 September 1946), known in France as MAM, is a French politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from France. She is a member of the The Republicans (France), Rep ...

, Jerzy Szmajdziński # 25 July 2006 in

Wieliczka Wieliczka (German: ''Groß Salze'', Latin: ''Magnum Sal'') is a historic town in southern Poland, situated within the Kraków metropolitan area in Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999. The town was initially founded in 1290 by Premislaus II of P ...

, Poland: Franz Josef Jung, Michèle Alliot-Marie, Radoslaw Sikorski # 31 March 2015 in Berlin, Germany:

Ursula von der Leyen Ursula Gertrud von der Leyen (; ; born 8 October 1958) is a German politician, serving as president of the European Commission since 2019. She served in the Cabinet of Germany, German federal government between 2005 and 2019, holding position ...

, Jean-Yves Le Drian, Tomasz Siemoniak # 24 June 2024 in Paris, France: Boris Pistorius, Sébastien Lecornu,

Władysław Kosiniak-Kamysz Władysław Marcin Kosiniak-Kamysz (born 10 August 1981) is a Polish physician and politician, who served as the Deputy Prime Minister of Poland, and Ministry of National Defence (Poland), Minister of National Defence since 2023. He has also serv ...

Ministers of Finance

# 18 July 2003 in Berlin, Germany:

Hans Eichel Hans Eichel (born 24 December 1941) is a German politician (Social Democratic Party of Germany, SPD) and the co-founder of the G20, or "Group of Twenty", an international forum for the governments and central bank governors of twenty developed ...

Francis Mer Francis Mer (25 May 1939 – 1 November 2023) was a French businessman, industrialist and politician. An alumnus of the École polytechnique (class of 1959), and of the École des Mines de Paris, he was a member of the Corps des mines. Mer was ...

, Andrzej Raczko # 6 July 2015 in Warsaw, Poland:

Wolfgang Schäuble Wolfgang Schäuble (; 18 September 1942 – 26 December 2023) was a German politician whose political career spanned more than five decades. A member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), he was the longest-serving member of any democratic G ...

, Michel Sapin, Mateusz Szczurek # 19 January 2016 in Berlin, Germany: Wolfgang Schäuble, Michel Sapin,

Paweł Szałamacha Paweł Włodzimierz Szałamacha (born 24 January 1969, in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland) is a Polish politician, member of the National Bank of Poland Management Board, and a former Minister of Finance. He was a deputy minister at the Ministry of ...

# 22 February 2017 in Paris, France: Wolfgang Schäuble, Michel Sapin,

Mateusz Morawiecki Mateusz Jakub Morawiecki (; born 20 June 1968) is a Polish economist, historian and politician who served as the prime minister of Poland between 2017 and 2023. A member of the Law and Justice (PiS) party, he previously served in the Cabinet of ...

# 28 June 2023 in Weimar, Germany: Christian Lindner,

, Magdalena Rzeczkowska # 12 December 2024 in Warsaw, Poland: Jörg Kukies, Antoine Armand,

Andrzej Domański Andrzej Jan Domański (born 27 August 1981) is a Polish economist, and politician. He is the current Minister of Finance in the Cabinet of Donald Tusk having been sworn in on the 13 December 2023. Early life and education Domański studied econ ...

Ministers of Internal Affairs

# 24 July 2013 in Kraków, Poland: Hans-Peter Friedrich,

Manuel Valls Manuel Carlos Valls Galfetti (born 13August 1962) is a French–Spanish politician who serves as Minister of the Overseas in the Bayrou government since 2024. He served as Prime Minister of France from 2014 until 2016 under president Françoi ...

, Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz

Ministers of the Environment

# 15 July 2013 in Warsaw, Poland:

Peter Altmaier Peter Altmaier (born 18 June 1958) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany), Acting Minister of Finance from 2017 to 2018 and as Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and ...

, Philippe Martin, Marcin Korolec # 26 February 2014 in Berlin, Germany: Barbara Hendricks, Philippe Martin, Maciej Grabowski

Ministers for Economic Affairs

# 7 February 2014 in Kraków, Poland: Sigmar Gabriel, Arnaud Montebourg, Janusz Piechociński # 4 July 2019 in Poznań, Poland:

, Jadwiga Emilewicz # 5 May 2021 in Paris, France: Peter Altmaier, Bruno Le Maire,

Jarosław Gowin Jarosław Adam Gowin (born 4 December 1961) is a Polish conservative politician and editor. Gowin served as Minister of Justice in the cabinet of Prime Minister Donald Tusk between 2011 and 2013, and as Minister of Science and Higher Education ...

Ministers of Agriculture

# 2 September 2014 in Bonn, Germany:

Christian Schmidt Hans Сhristian Friedrich Schmidt (born 26 August 1957) is a German politician and member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Christian Social Union (CSU) who has been the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina since August 2021. ...

Stéphane Le Foll Stéphane Le Foll (; born 3 February 1960) is a French politician serving as Mayor of Le Mans since 2018. A member of the Socialist Party, he was Minister of Agriculture under President François Hollande from 2012 to 2017. Political career Me ...

Marek Sawicki Marek Wacław Sawicki (; born 8 April 1958) is a Polish politician who has been serving as a member of the Sejm The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliam ...

# 31 August 2015 in Berlin, Germany: Christian Schmidt, Stéphane Le Foll, Marek Sawicki # 7 October 2019 in Warsaw, Poland:

Julia Klöckner Julia Klöckner (born 16 December 1972) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (Germany), Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who has been serving as President of the Bundestag, President of the German Bundestag since 25 March 2025 ...

Didier Guillaume Didier Guillaume (; 11 May 1959 – 17 January 2025) was a French politician who briefly served as minister of state of Monaco from 2024 until his death in 2025. He previously served as the minister of agriculture and food in the government of ...

, Jan Krzysztof Ardanowski

Formations (parliament)

Committees on Foreign Affairs

# 19–20 March 2007 in Berlin, Germany: Ruprecht Polenz,

Édouard Balladur Édouard Balladur (; born 2 May 1929) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France under François Mitterrand from 29 March 1993 to 17 May 1995. He unsuccessfully ran for president in the 1995 French presidential election, co ...

, Paweł Zalewski # 28 September 2016 in Berlin, Germany:

Élisabeth Guigou Élisabeth Guigou (; born Élisabeth Vallier; 6 August 1946) is a French politician of the Socialist Party who served as a member of the National Assembly from 2002 until 2017, representing Seine-Saint-Denis' 9th constituency. Early life and ...

, Grzegorz Schetyna

Speakers of Parliament

# 29 May 2010 in

Essen Essen () is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany. Its population of makes it the fourth-largest city of North Rhine-Westphalia after Cologne, Düsseldorf and Dortmund, as well as ...

, Germany:

Norbert Lammert Norbert Lammert (born 16 November 1948) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He served as the 12th president of the Bundestag from 2005 to 2017. Early life and education The son of a baker, Lammert attended gymnasium ...

Bernard Accoyer Bernard Accoyer (, born 12 August 1945 in Lyon) is a French politician who was President of the National Assembly of France from 2007 to 2012. He was also the Mayor of Annecy-le-Vieux.Bronisław Komorowski Bronisław Maria Komorowski (; born 4 June 1952) is a Polish politician and historian who was the fifth president of Poland from 2010 to 2015. Komorowski previously served as Ministry of National Defence (Poland), Minister of National Defence ...

# 5 July 2013 in Kraków, Poland: Norbert Lammert,

Claude Bartolone Claude Bartolone (; born 29 July 1951) is a French politician who served as President of the National Assembly of France from 2012 to 2017. A member of the Socialist Party from 1974 to 2022, Bartolone was first elected to the National Assembl ...

, Ewa Kopacz # 16 June 2016 in Paris, France: Norbert Lammert, Claude Bartolone, Marek Kuchciński

Committees on Defence

# 9 June 2011 in Berlin, Germany: Susanne Kastner, Guy Teissier, Stanisław Wziątek

Committees on European Affairs

# 14 November 2012 in Paris, France: Gunther Krichbaum, Danielle Auroi # 2013 in Gdańsk, Poland: Gunther Krichbaum, Danielle Auroi # 13–14 November 2014 in Berlin, Germany: Gunther Krichbaum, Danielle Auroi # 2016 in France: Gunther Krichbaum, Danielle Auroi # 2018 in Poland: Gunther Krichbaum, Sabine Thillaye # 13 May 2019 in Berlin, Germany: Gunther Krichbaum, Sabine Thillaye, Piotr Apel # 10–11 March 2024 in Warsaw, Poland: Anton Hofreiter, Pieyre-Alexandre Anglade, Agnieszka Pomaska # 24–25 November 2024 in Berlin, Germany: Anton Hofreiter, Pieyre-Alexandre Anglade, Agnieszka PomaskaTrilaterales Treffen der EU-Ausschüsse im Format „Weimarer Dreieck“

Bundestag The Bundestag (, "Federal Diet (assembly), Diet") is the lower house of the Germany, German Federalism in Germany, federal parliament. It is the only constitutional body of the federation directly elected by the German people. The Bundestag wa ...

, press release of 26 November 2024.

References

External links

Weimarer Dreieck – Komitee zur Förderung der Deutsch-Französisch-Polnischen Zusammenarbeit e.V.
{{Authority control Organizations established in 1991 Politics of Europe France–Poland relations Germany–Poland relations France–Germany relations History of Weimar Bottom-up regional groups within the European Union

History

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Formations (government)

Ministers of Foreign Affairs

Heads of state and government

Ministers of European Affairs

Ministers of Defence

Ministers of Finance

Ministers of Internal Affairs

Ministers of the Environment

Ministers for Economic Affairs

Ministers of Agriculture

Formations (parliament)

Committees on Foreign Affairs

Speakers of Parliament

Committees on Defence

Committees on European Affairs

See also

References

Further reading

External links