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Jerzy Szmajdziński
Jerzy Andrzej Szmajdziński (, 9 April 1952 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish politician who was a Deputy Marshal of Polish Sejm and previously served as Minister of Defence. He was a candidate for President of Poland in the 2010 election. Szmajdziński graduated from the Wrocław University of Economics. In the 1970s and 1980s he was an activist for the Union of Socialist Youth and Polish Socialist Youth Union, serving as its chairman from 1986–1989. He remained a member of Polish United Workers' Party from 1973 until its end in 1990. Later, he entered the leadership position of the Social Democracy of the Republic of Poland party. In December 1999, he became the deputy chairman of the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD). He became a member of the Sejm in 1990, and in his second term Szmajdziński was chairman of the National Defense Committee and in the third term a deputy chairman of that commission. He was Minister of National Defence from 19 October 2001 to 2005. He was el ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of National Defence Of The Republic Of Poland
Ministry may refer to: Government * Ministry (collective executive), the complete body of government ministers under the leadership of a prime minister * Ministry (government department), a department of a government Religion * Christian ministry, activity by Christians to spread or express their faith ** Minister (Christianity), clergy authorized by a church or religious organization to perform teaching or rituals ** Ordination, the process by which individuals become clergy * Ministry of Jesus, activities described in the Christian gospels * ''Ministry'' (magazine), a magazine for pastors published by the Seventh-day Adventist Church Music * Ministry (band), an American industrial metal band * Ministry of Sound, a London nightclub and record label Fiction * Ministry of Magic, governing body in the ''Harry Potter'' series * Ministry of Darkness, a professional wrestling stable led by The Undertaker See also * Minister (other) * Department (other) D ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Smolensk
Smolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River, west-southwest of Moscow. First mentioned in 863, it is one of the oldest cities in Russia. It has been a regional capital for most of the past millennium, beginning as the capital of an eponymous principality in the 11th-15th centuries, then the Smolensk Voivodeship of Lithuania and Poland, and Smolensk Governorate and Oblast within Russia. It was the main stronghold of the Smolensk Gate, a geostrategically significant pass between the Daugava and Dnieper rivers, and as such was an important point of contention in the struggle for dominance in Eastern Europe, passing at various times between Lithuania, Poland and Russia. In more recent history, it was captured by Napoleon's Franco–Polish forces and Hitler's Germany during their marches towards Moscow, and was the place of the Smolensk air disaster of 2010. It has a population of Etymology The name of the c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sejm
The Sejm (), officially known as the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (), is the lower house of the bicameralism, bicameral parliament of Poland. The Sejm has been the highest governing body of the Third Polish Republic since the Polish People's Republic, transition of government in 1989. Along with the upper house of parliament, the Senate of Poland, Senate, it forms the national legislature in Poland known as Parliament of Poland#National Assembly, National Assembly (). The Sejm comprises 460 Member of parliament, deputies (singular or ) elected every four years by Universal suffrage, universal ballot. The Sejm is presided over by a Speaker of parliament, speaker, the "Marshal of the Sejm" (). In the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Kingdom of Poland, the term ''Sejm'' referred to an entire two-Chambers of parliament, chamber parliament, comprising the Chamber of Deputies (), the Senate and the King. It was thus a three-estate parliament. The 1573 Henrician Articles strengthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Polish Socialist Youth Union
The Polish Socialist Youth Union (, ZSMP) is an old youth group based in Warsaw. Founded in 1976 under the communist rule from the merger of Union of Socialist Youth together with two other organizations, the ZSMP is a former member of the World Federation of Democratic Youth. It formed the youth faction of the Polish United Workers' Party The Polish United Workers' Party (, ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other legally permitted subordinate minor parti .... External linksZSMP Main WebsiteZSMP Gdansk Polish United Workers' Party Youth wings of political parties in Poland Politics of Poland Youth organisations based in Poland Youth wings of communist parties Socialist organisations in Poland {{communist-youth-org-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Union Of Socialist Youth (Poland)
200px, Founding congress in 1957 Union of Socialist Youth () (ZMS) was a Communist youth movement, the main youth organization in the Polish People's Republic from 1957 to 1976 when it was merged with two other organizations to create the Polish Socialist Youth Union. History The organization was established in December 1957 as a successor of Union of Polish Youth. the ZMS was ideologically, politically and organizationally subordinate to the PZPR. The main goal of the ZMS activity was to prepare members to join the Polish United Workers' Party The Polish United Workers' Party (, ), commonly abbreviated to PZPR, was the communist party which ruled the Polish People's Republic as a one-party state from 1948 to 1989. The PZPR had led two other legally permitted subordinate minor parti .... Like the previous organization, the Union of Polish Youth, the ZMS aimed to increase the organization's numbers, using mass forms of recruitment of new members bordering on coercion. In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wrocław University Of Economics
The Wroclaw University of Economics and Business ''(Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu)'' is one of ten public universities located in Wrocław, Poland. Originally established in 1947 as a private business school (then named ''Wyższa Szkoła Handlowa'', or "Trade College"), it was nationalized in 1954 under the name ''Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczna'' ("College of Economics"). In October 1974 it was named after the Polish economist Oskar Lange, although his name does not occur in the official English name of the university. Changing the name to the Wrocław University of Economics ''(Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu)'' in 2008 removed Oskar Lange from the name of the university. The main campus with three out of four departments is located on Ulica Komandorska near the center of Wrocław, whereas one faculty (Regional Economy and Tourism) resides in a separate campus in Jelenia Góra. The university comprises the following schools (faculties): *School of Economic Sciences ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
President Of Poland
The president of Poland ( ), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (), is the head of state of Poland. His or her prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces. History The first president of Poland, Gabriel Narutowicz, was Polish presidential inauguration, sworn in as president of the Second Polish Republic on 11 December 1922. He was elected by the National Assembly (the Sejm and the Senate of Poland, Senate) under the terms of the 1921 March Constitution (Poland), March Constitution. Narutowicz Assassination of Gabriel Narutowicz, was assassinated on 16 December 1922. Previou ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of National Defence (Poland)
The Ministry of National Defence ( Polish: ''Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej'' '', MON'' ) is a office of government in Poland headed by the Minister of National Defence. It is responsible for the organisation and management of the Polish Armed Forces. During the Second Polish Republic and World War II it was called the Ministry of Military Affairs (''Ministerstwo Spraw Wojskowych''). Ministry budget for 2022 was 140 billion PLN. History The beginning of the Ministry of Defence's operations is connected with the 1775 establishment of the Military Department within the Permanent Council. In 1789, the Military Commission of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was established, and from the Constitution of 3 May 1791 was under the Guardians of the Laws. Between 1793-94, the department was restored in the Supreme National Council. When Warsaw became part of the Kingdom of Prussia after the Third Partition of Poland in 1795), the Prussian Ministry of War headquarters was moved in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Order Of The British Empire (Civil) Ribbon
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom#Modern honours, knight if male or a dame (title), dame if female. There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with the order, but are not members of it. The order was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V, who created the order to recognise 'such persons, male or female, as may have rendered or shall hereafter render important services to Our Empire'. Equal recognition was to be given for services rendered in the UK and overseas. Today, the majority of recipients are UK citizens, though a number of Commonwealth realms outside the UK continue to make appointments to the order. Honorary awards may be made to cit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Małgorzata Sekuła-Szmajdzińska
Małgorzata Helena Sekuła-Szmajdzińska (born 19 April 1956) is a Polish lawyer and politician. Biography Born in Warsaw, she moved to Wrocław at a young age. She studied at University of Wrocław, and as a lawyer she worked at the Ministry of Justice. Electoral history She ran unsuccessfully to the Warsaw city council in 2006, but in 2010 she was elected to the council. In 2011 she was elected to the Sejm. In 2015, despite getting individual votes, she was not elected as the Democratic Left Alliance did not pass the electoral threshold as a list. In May 2019 she ran for MeP, but was not elected. She was elected to the Sejm again in October 2019. Private life She is the widow of Jerzy Szmajdziński, who died in Smolensk air disaster On 10 April 2010, a Tupolev Tu-154 aircraft operating Polish Air Force Flight 101 crashed near the Russian city of Smolensk, killing all 96 people on board. Among the victims were the president of Poland, Lech Kaczyński, and his wi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Left And Democrats
Left and Democrats (, LiD) was a centre-left electoral alliance of List of political parties in Poland, political parties in Poland which was created on 3 September 2006, before the Warsaw municipal election of 2006. The coalition's aim was to provide an alternative for both Law and Justice (Poland), Law and Justice and Civic Platform, which have been Poland's two major political parties since 2005. LiD contested their first national election in 2007 Polish legislative election, October 2007 and won 53 seats to the Polish parliament, the Sejm. The LiD alliance was dissolved in April 2008, following a rift between the member parties. Origins On 15 September 2006 the Coalition Election Committee was officially appointed under the name of "SLD+SdPl+PD+UP – Lewica i Demokraci" (containing the abbreviations for all the member parties as well as the name 'Leftists and Democrats'). The four member parties were: *Democratic Left Alliance (Poland), Democratic Left Alliance (SLD), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
