Huang Na () (26 September 199610 October 2004) was an eight-year-old Chinese national residing in Pasir Panjang, Singapore, who disappeared on 10 October 2004. Her mother, the police and the community conducted a three-week-long nationwide search for her. After her body was found, many Singaporeans attended her

wake Wake or The Wake may refer to: Culture *Wake (ceremony), a ritual which takes place during some funeral ceremonies *Wakes week, an English holiday tradition * Parish Wake, another name of the Welsh ', the fairs held on the local parish's patron s ...

and funeral, giving ''bai jin'' (contributions towards funeral expenses) and gifts. In a high-profile 14-day trial, Malaysian-born Took Leng How (), a vegetable packer at the wholesale centre, was found guilty of murdering her and hanged after an appeal and a request for presidential clemency failed.

Background

Huang Na's father, Huang Qingrong, and mother, Huang Shuying (), were both born in 1973 to farming families in

Putian Putian or Putien (, Putian dialect: ''Pó-chéng''), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Xinghua or Hing Hwa (), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Fujian province, China. It borders Fuzhou City to the nor ...

city in Fujian,

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

. They met in 1995 and married soon after, as Shuying was pregnant with Huang Na. In 1996, Qinrong left China to seek his fortune in Singapore and worked illegally as a vegetable packer at the Pasir Panjang Wholesale Centre. When Shuying found out that he was having affairs in Singapore, she divorced him and was given custody of Huang Na. She later married Zheng Wenhai (),"She always wanted my surname", '' The New Paper'', 4 November 2004
Available from
NLB Libraries Multimedia Stations. a Fujian businessman with whom she had lived for four years, and became pregnant with his child in early 2003."Yes, I lied", ''The New Paper'', 23 November 2004. In May 2003, Shuying immigrated to Singapore as a

peidu mama A study mama is a Singaporean term describing foreign women who accompany their children to Singapore to benefit from its education system by receiving primary and secondary-level education. The study mama phenomenon began around 2000, after the Si ...

accompanying Huang Na, who was enrolled in Jin Tai Primary School. They lived at the Pasir Panjang Wholesale Centre, where Shuying worked."A dream for Huang Na", ''The New Paper'', 2 November 2004. People from the wholesale centre and Jin Tai Primary School described Huang Na as an intelligent, independent, sociable and active child."Huang Na touches nation's heart", ''The Straits Times'', 22 October 2004. Huang Na became friends with Took Leng How, a vegetable packer at the wholesale centre."Who is the real Took?", '' The Straits Times'', 31 July 2005."He's not the one and he would never hurt her", ''The New Paper'', 23 October 2004. Born in Malaysia on 16 December 1981 as the second child of a close-knit family of four, Took came to Singapore when he was 18, seeking better-paying jobs."Sentenced to death", '' TODAY'', 27 August 2005. At the wholesale centre, Took, who married an Indonesian Chinese woman and had a son, often played with Huang Na, bought her food and gave her rides on his motorcycle.

Disappearance and reaction

Huang Na went missing on 10 October 2004; last being seen at a

food court A food court (in Asia-Pacific also called food hall or hawker centre) is generally an indoor plaza or common area within a facility that is contiguous with the counters of multiple food vendors and provides a common area for self-serve dinner. I ...

near the wholesale centre. She was wearing a blue denim jacket, bermuda shorts, and was barefoot. From 7 a.m. to past midnight every day for three weeks, Shuying looked across the island for her daughter. The police, including a Criminal Investigation Department team, conducted an intensive search for the girl, and officers carried photographs of her while on their daily rounds. Volunteers formed search parties and Crime Library, a voluntary group dedicated to finding

missing person A missing person is a person who has disappeared and whose status as alive or dead cannot be confirmed as their location and condition are unknown. A person may go missing through a voluntary disappearance, or else due to an accident, crime, de ...

s, distributed over 70,000 leaflets appealing for information. Local taxi company, ComfortDelGro, asked its cabbies to join in the search effort. Two Singaporeans offered rewards of S$10,000 and S$5,000 for finding Huang Na,"Search for Huang Na widens to Johor Bahru", ''The Straits Times'', 27 October 2004. while the manager of an online design company set up a website to raise awareness and gather tip-offs. The search even extended to Malaysia, with volunteers putting up posters in the nearby cities of

Johor Bahru Johor Bahru (), colloquially referred to as JB, is the capital city of the state of Johor, Malaysia. It is located at the southern end of Peninsular Malaysia,along the north bank of the Straits of Johor, opposite of the city-state Singapore. T ...

and Kuala Lumpur. Reportedly, at least 30 cabbies, also placed posters of Huang Na on the rear windscreens and front seats of their vehicles. At least five coffee-shop owners in

Johor Jaya Taman Johor Jaya is a suburb in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Johor Jaya consists of mainly residential zones, but it also has light industrial and commercial zones. Development history Johor Jaya was developed by Housing Developer Daiman Deve ...

, Taman Yew and Skudai put up posters as well. On 19 and 20 October, Singaporean police questioned Took, as part of their investigations. He told the officers that three Chinese men kidnapped the girl."DPP locks horns with defence psychiatrist", ''The Straits Times'', 27 July 2005. After questioning Took, police accompanied him home and to the police station again for a polygraph test. On the way, they stopped at a restaurant along Pasir Panjang Road for a meal. While eating, Took said he needed to go to the toilet, escaped, took a taxi to Woodlands and sneaked across the

Causeway A causeway is a track, road or railway on the upper point of an embankment across "a low, or wet place, or piece of water". It can be constructed of earth, masonry, wood, or concrete. One of the earliest known wooden causeways is the Sweet Tra ...

to Malaysia."It was a game gone wrong", ''TODAY'', 14 July 2005."He lured her into her trap", ''The New Paper'', 13 July 2005. Singaporean police searched for him until he turned himself in on 30 October, confessing that he had accidentally strangled Huang Na during a game of hide-and-seek in a storeroom. The following day, Huang Na's body was found at Telok Blangah Hill Park, and Took was charged with her murder. Direct Singapore Funeral Services oversaw her funeral for free. Thousands attended Huang Na's wake and funeral; some gave ''

bai jin BAI or Bai may refer to: BAI Organizations *BAI Communications, telecommunications infrastructure company *BAI (organization), professional organization for financial services in the United States * Badminton Association of India, India's gov ...

'' and gifts, such as sweets, flowers and her favourite Hello Kitty merchandise. However, some Singaporeans tried to make money from the girl's death by buying 4D numbers associated with her. Others spread rumours that Shuying was having affairs and was greedy for donations.

Fate of Took Leng How

Trial at High Court

The 14-day trial of Took began on 11 July 2005 before Justice

Lai Kew Chai Lai Kew Chai (; 7 February 1941 – 27 February 2006) was a Malaysian-born Singaporean judge and the longest-serving member of the Supreme Court Bench, having served for almost 25 years as a Judge. Biography Early life and education Born in Ta ...

in the High Court. Took was represented by Singapore's most prominent lawyer

Subhas Anandan Subhas Anandan (25 December 1947 – 7 January 2015) was an Indian-Singaporean notable criminal lawyer. He had appeared in numerous notable cases, including a case involving actress Quan Yi Fong hitting a taxi driver in 2010, and a case involv ...

, and another two lawyers

Sunil Sudheesan Sunil (सुनील) is a first name for males, often found in the South Asian community. The Sanskrit word ' means "dark", "very blue", and is also an epithet of Krishna. Notable people * Sunil (actor), Indian Telugu film actor * Sunil (d ...

and Anand Nalachandran. The prosecution relied on 76 witnesses, a video in which Took re-enacted the murder, forensic evidence and an

autopsy An autopsy (post-mortem examination, obduction, necropsy, or autopsia cadaverum) is a surgical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse by dissection to determine the cause, mode, and manner of death or to evaluate any di ...

that found several bruises on Huang Na's head. Based on the evidence, the prosecution, led by Deputy Public Prosecutor Lawrence Ang, alleged that Took lured Huang Na to the storeroom, then stripped and sexually assaulted her. After smothering and stomping on her to ensure her death, he stored her body in nine layers of plastic bags stuffed into a sealed cardboard box."A bag of mangoes led Huang Na to her death", ''TODAY'', 12 July 2005. However, there was no conclusive proof if there any sexual assault took place due to the high state of decomposition and absence of semen at Huang Na's vaginal area. The cause of Huang Na's death was also inconclusive, given that there was a possibility that she died from a seizure or any other causes unrelated to Took's alleged actions besides the main determination that asyphxia was the cause of her death. The defence relied on the claim of diminished responsibility. Psychiatrist R. Nagulendran argued that Took was schizophrenic, as some of his behaviour, such as frequently smiling to himself and talking of spirits, was inappropriate and that he had no motive for the murder. Nagulendran also called Took's story about the three Chinese men a delusion. Anandan said that during his conversations with Took, he noticed that Took would frequently rant irrelevantly and often, the lawyer could not make head or tail of what he was exactly saying. This led to the decision to not let Took take the stand and instead let a psychiatrist to testify on his behalf, as it would be a great risk on Took's credibility as a witness. His police statements already contained numerous discrepancies from the many different accounts of what happened to Huang Na. Took's low IQ of 76 was also one of the reasons put into his defence. However, the prosecution's psychiatrist G. Sathyadevan insisted that Took did not suffer from any abnormality of mind. On 27 August 2005, Justice Lai found Took guilty of murder and sentenced him to death. In his judgement, Justice Lai noted that Took had no history of mental abnormality, the behaviour the defence cited was "not necessarily abnormal", and the murder was "clearly the product of a cold and calculating mind". Justice Lai also said it was unnecessary to determine the motive for the murder or whether a sexual assault had taken place.

Execution

Took

appeal In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and ...

ed the death sentence, but the Court of Appeal of Singapore upheld the decision in January 2006 by a 2–1 decision. Chief Justice Yong Pung How and Judge of Appeal Chao Hick Tin agreed with Justice Lai's decision to convict Took of murder, while High Court judge Kan Ting Chiu disagreed with the murder conviction due to the cause of death being inconclusive. In his dissenting judgement, Justice Kan felt that the appropriate conviction for Took should be voluntarily causing hurt and the maximum penalty Took should receive would be a year's imprisonment. Later, Took's family and relatives decided to submit a clemency plea to the President

S. R. Nathan Sellapan Ramanathan (; 3 July 1924 – 22 August 2016),. often known as S. R. Nathan, was a Singaporean politician who served as the sixth president of Singapore between 1999 and 2011. He was also the longest-serving president in Singapore's hi ...

, which would allow Took's sentence to be commuted to life imprisonment if accepted. Eventually, they gathered 35,000 signatures from members of the public and submitted it to Nathan, who took eight months to consider before he decided to reject the plea in October 2006. On the morning of 3 November 2006, 24-year-old Took Leng How was hanged in Changi Prison.

Aftermath

Fate of Huang Na's family

Zheng and Shuying returned to

where their daughter Huang Na was buried in a tomb halfway up a mountain near their house."Huang Na's final resting place", ''The New Paper'', 27 December 2004. While alive, Huang Na had asked that her surname be changed to her stepfather's, so her altar tablet bore the name Zheng Na. The couple decided to focus on raising their remaining child, with Zheng planning to pursue business opportunities in Guangzhou or Shenzhen. In January 2007, three years after Huang Na's death, Jack Neo considered making a movie about the murder, but both families objected. A follow-up report in 2009 found that Shuying had given birth to another two children and was running a shoe distribution business in Taiwan.

Publications

The murder of Huang Na was considered as a notable crime that shook Singapore. In July 2015, Singapore's national daily newspaper '' The Straits Times'' published an e-book titled ''Guilty As Charged: 25 Crimes That Have Shaken Singapore Since 1965'', which included the Huang Na murder case. The book was the product of collaboration between the Singapore Police Force and the newspaper itself. The e-book was edited by ST News Associate editor Abdul Hafiz bin Abdul Samad. The paperback edition of the book was published and first hit the bookshelves in late June 2017. The paperback edition first entered the ST bestseller list on 8 August 2017, a month after its publication. The case of Took Leng How was widely regarded as one of the notable cases taken by veteran lawyer

, along with those of

Leong Siew Chor The Kallang River body parts murder was a murder and dismemberment case that occurred in Singapore. The case earned its name due to the body parts of the victim, 22-year-old Liu Hong Mei (), being found disposed in Kallang River. In this case, ...

(who killed and dismembered his lover in 2005), Anthony Ler (who hired a teen to murder his wife in 2001) and Tan Chor Jin (who robbed and gunned down a nightclub owner in 2006). Mr Subhas recorded Took's case in his memoir '' The Best I Could'', which was first published in 2009. In the memoir, Subhas firmly believed even after Took's execution that Took did not deserve to be sentenced to death, believed that his client was mentally ill and that the murder conviction was wrong. Subhas also expressed that he was greatly disappointed by the fact that Took lost his appeal against the death sentence, a fact which was supported by his 28-year-old son Sujesh Anandan who spoke to '' The Straits Times'' four years after his 67-year-old father's death from heart failure in 2015. Sujesh, who was Subhas's first and only child, told the reporters that when he was a teen, he witnessed his father being greatly affected by the appeal verdict of Took's case and took it badly. Sunil Sudheesan, one of the two lawyers assisting Subhas in defending Took Leng How, said that he and the other lawyer, Anand Nalachandran, were also shaken by the case like Subhas. After Took was executed, Subhas also attended Took's funeral together with his two other lawyers who assisted him in Took's case, a move that he did in secret.

Liz Porter Liz is a female name of Hebrew origin, meaning "God's Promise". It is also a short form of Elizabeth, Elisabeth, Lisbeth, Lizanne, Liszbeth, Lizbeth, Lizabeth, Lyzbeth, Lisa, Lizette, Alyssa, and Eliza. People * Liz Balmaseda (born 1959), Pul ...

, a crime writer from

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

, included Huang Na's case in her book '' Crime Scene Asia: When Forensic Evidence Becomes the Silent Witness''. The book was about murder cases from Asia that were solved through forensic evidence; these recorded cases came from Asian countries like Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong.