''Straboviridae'' is a family of
virus
A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living Cell (biology), cells of an organism. Viruses infect all life forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are ...
es in the order ''
Pantevenvirales'', class ''
Caudoviricetes
''Caudoviricetes'' is a class of viruses known as tailed viruses and head-tail viruses (''cauda'' is Latin for "tail"). It is the sole representative of its own phylum, ''Uroviricota'' (from ''ouros'' (ουρος), a Greek word for "tailed" + ...
''.
The viruses in this family were formerly place in the morphology-based family ''
Myoviridae'', which was found to be
paraphyletic
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ...
in
genome
A genome is all the genetic information of an organism. It consists of nucleotide sequences of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The nuclear genome includes protein-coding genes and non-coding genes, other functional regions of the genome such as ...
studies and abolished in the 2021
International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) authorizes and organizes the taxonomic classification of and the nomenclature for viruses. The ICTV develops a universal taxonomic scheme for viruses, and thus has the means to appropri ...
(ICTV) classification, although the term myovirus is still used to refer to the morphology of viruses in this new family.
Bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micr ...
and archaea
Archaea ( ) is a Domain (biology), domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea only included its Prokaryote, prokaryotic members, but this has since been found to be paraphyletic, as eukaryotes are known to have evolved from archaea. Even thou ...
serve as natural hosts. In average, replication of family members is supported by 34% isolates of primary host species.[
]
Taxonomy
The family was erected to contain three subfamilies that were previously placed in the morphology-based family '' Myoviridae'', which was found to be paraphyletic in genome studies and abolished in the 2021 ICTV classification.[
The subfamilies and their constituent genera are as follows:][
* Subfamily '' Emmerichvirinae'' (2 genera)
** '' Ceceduovirus''
** '' Ishigurovirus''
* Subfamily '' Tevenvirinae'' (15 genera)
** '' Centumtrigintavirus''
** '' Dhakavirus''
** '' Gaprivervirus''
** '' Gelderlandvirus''
** '' Jiaodavirus''
** '' Kagamiyamavirus''
** '' Kanagawavirus''
** '' Karamvirus''
** '' Moonvirus''
** '' Mosigvirus''
** '' Mosugukvirus''
** '' Risoevirus''
** '' Tegunavirus''
** '' Tequatrovirus''
** '' Winklervirus''
* Subfamily '' Twarogvirinae'' (5 genera)
** '' Acajnonavirus''
** '' Hadassahvirus''
** '' Lasallevirus''
** '' Lazarusvirus''
** '' Zedzedvirus''
* ''Incertae sedis'' genera not assigned to a subfamily (14 genera)
** '' Angelvirus''
** '' Biquartavirus''
** '' Bragavirus''
** '' Carettavirus''
** '' Chrysonvirus''
** '' Cinqassovirus''
** '' Gualtarvirus''
** '' Jiangsuvirus''
** '' Krischvirus''
** '' Mylasvirus''
** '' Nanhuvirus''
** '' Pseudotevenvirus''
** '' Schizotequatrovirus''
** '' Slopekvirus''
** '' Tulanevirus''
]
See also
* Escherichia virus CC31
References
{{taxonbar, from=Q116141667
Virus families
Caudovirales