Deenanath Mangeshkar (; 29 December 1900 – 24 April 1942) was an Indian actor,
Natya Sangeet musician and,
Hindustani classical vocalist who was active in
Marathi theatre. He is the father of well-known singers
Lata Mangeshkar,
Asha Bhosle,
Meena Khadikar and
Usha Mangeshkar as well as composer
Hridaynath Mangeshkar.
Background
Deenanath Mangeshkar was born in
Mangeshi, Goa on 29 December 1900.
His father, Ganesh Bhatt Bhikoba (Bhikambhatt) Navathe Hardikar (Abhisheki) was a married
Karhade Brahmin who served as
priest
A priest is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deity, deities. They also have the authority or power to administer religious rites; in parti ...
at the famous
Mangeshi Temple in Goa. His mother Yesubai Rane
was his father's
mistress[ belonging to the Devadasi community] of Goa, which is now known as Gomantak Maratha Samaj. In his teens, he adopted the surname "Mangeshkar," which means "of Mangesh." Mangesh is also the name of the deity worshipped in the Mangeshi Temple.
As a '' Devadasi'', Yesubai was a reputed musician. Deenanath's father's surname was ''Hardikar'', whose family performed the Abhishekam
Abhisheka () is a religious Ritual, rite or method of prayer in which a devotee pours a liquid offering on an image or murti of a deity. This is common to religions such as Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.
Hinduism
An abhiṣeka is conducted ...
(ritual bathing) of the lingam
A lingam ( , lit. "sign, symbol or mark"), sometimes referred to as linga or Shiva linga, is an abstract or Aniconism, aniconic representation of the Hinduism, Hindu Hindu deities, god Shiva in Shaivism. The word ''lingam'' is found in the Up ...
of Shiva
Shiva (; , ), also known as Mahadeva (; , , Help:IPA/Sanskrit, ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐh and Hara, is one of the Hindu deities, principal deities of Hinduism. He is the God in Hinduism, Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions w ...
at Mangueshi Temple, thus they were known as ''Abhisheki''s. The father of the Indian vocalist Jitendra Abhisheki was Deenanath's paternal half-brother.
Career
Deenanath Mangeshkar started taking singing and Indian classical music
Indian classical music is the art music, classical music of the Indian subcontinent. It is generally described using terms like ''Shastriya Sangeet'' and ''Marg Sangeet''. It has two major traditions: the North Indian classical music known as ...
lessons from Shri Baba Mashelkar at the age of five. He was also to become a disciple at the Gwalior gharana. He was fascinated by the variety and aggressive style of Ramkrishnabuwa Vaze and became Vaze's ''gandabandh shagird'' (formally initiated disciple in Indian classical music). In his youth, he also travelled to Bikaner
Bikaner () is a city in the northwest of the States and territories of India, state of Rajasthan, India. It is located northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. It is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division.
Fo ...
and took formal training in classical music from Pundit Sukhdev Prasad, father of Pundit Mani Prasad, of the Kirana Gharana. He joined the Kirloskar Sangeet Mandali and the Kirloskar Natak Mandali at the age of 11. Later, he left Kirloskar Mandali, and formed Balwant Mandali with his friends Chintaman Ganesh Kolhatkar and Krishnarao Kolhapure. This new group had Ram Ganesh Gadkari's blessing, but Gadkari died in January 1919 shortly after the group was formed.
Deenanath's good looks and melodious voice won him popularity in the Marathi theatre. So much so that the then giant of the Marathi stage, Bal Gandharva publicly declared that he would welcome the entry of Deenanath in his organisation "''by throwing a carpet of rupee coins under his feet''". He produced 3 films in 1935, one of them being ''Krishnarjun Yuddha''. It was made in both Hindi and Marathi, and a song in the film was sung by and filmed on Deenanath.
Mangeshkar had also studied Indian astrology. Partly out of his interest in astrology and numerology, he believed that dramas with 5 letters, with anuswar (diacritical) on the third letter, were lucky for him. Examples : Ranadundubhi (रणदुंदुभी), Rajsanyas (राजसंन्यास), Deshkantak (देशकंटक). The dramas produced by Deenanath were extremely popular amongst the masses due to his masterly presentation of the songs composed by Vaze and their patriotic content.
Personal life
First marriage
Deenanath's first wife was Narmada (later renamed "Shrimati" by her husband). She was the daughter of Gujarati Seth Haridas Ramdas Lad – a prosperous businessman of the town of Thalner (between Dhule and Jalgaon
Jalgaon () is a city in the state of Maharashtra, India. The city is located in North Maharashtra in the subregion of Khandesh, and serves as the administrative headquarters of its namesake district, the Jalgaon district. In the subregion of ...
(Khandesh), Maharashtra
Maharashtra () is a state in the western peninsular region of India occupying a substantial portion of the Deccan Plateau. It is bordered by the Arabian Sea to the west, the Indian states of Karnataka and Goa to the south, Telangana to th ...
). Deenanath and Narmada were married in 1922. She was 19 at the time of their marriage and Deenanath was 21. They had a daughter named Latika, who died in her infancy. Deenanath's wife also died shortly thereafter.
Second marriage
Deenanath then married his first wife's sister, Shevanti. Some sources claim that Deenanath renamed his second wife "Shrimati" as well, however it is widely agreed that in reality, he renamed her "Sudhamati". Their wedding was solemnised at a quiet ceremony within the house in 1927. Shevanti's mother chose not to attend. The couple had five children: Lata, Meena, Asha
''Asha'' () or ''arta'' (; ) is a Zoroastrian concept with a complex and highly nuanced range of meaning. It is commonly summarized in accord with its contextual implications of 'truth' and 'right' (or 'righteousness'), 'order' and 'right wor ...
, Usha, and Hridaynath.
Their first child was named Hema. But Deenanath called her Lata in memory of his deceased infant daughter. The name stuck and it was by that name that his legendary eldest daughter, Lata Mangeshkar, was widely known.
Death
Deenanath took to alcohol during the days of financial hardship in 1930s. After being ill for a few weeks, he died in Pune in April 1942. He was only 41 at the time of his death.
His family has erected a Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital and research centre in his name in Pune
Pune ( ; , ISO 15919, ISO: ), previously spelled in English as Poona (List of renamed Indian cities and states#Maharashtra, the official name until 1978), is a city in the state of Maharashtra in the Deccan Plateau, Deccan plateau in Western ...
.
Theatrical productions
Some of his theatrical productions, in which he sang and starred too, are
* ''Manapaman'' (मानापमान) (written by K.P. Khadilkar)
* ''Ranadundubhi'' (रणदुंदुभी) (written by Veer Vamanrao Joshi) Music composed by Vaze buwa
* ''Punyaprabhaav'' (पुण्यप्रभाव)(written by Ram Ganesh Gadkari)
* ''Sanyasta Khadga'' (संन्यस्तखड्ग) (written by Veer Savarkar) Music composed by Vaze buwa
* ''Rajsanyaas'' (राजसंन्यास) (written by Ram Ganesh Gadkari)
* ''Deshkantak'' (देशकंटक)
* ''Ram Rajya Viyog'' (रामराज्य वियोग)
See also
* Mangeshkar Family
References
External links
Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital,Pune
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangeshkar, Deenanath
1900 births
1942 deaths
Hindustani singers
20th-century Indian male classical singers
Marathi-language singers
Marathi playback singers
Male actors in Marathi theatre
20th-century Indian male actors
Singers from Goa
Musicians from North Goa district
Actors from North Goa district
Male actors from Goa
Deenanath