This is a list of plasma physics topics.

A

Ablation Ablation ( – removal) is the removal or destruction of something from an object by vaporization, chipping, erosion, erosive processes, or by other means. Examples of ablative materials are described below, including spacecraft material for as ...

* Abradable coating * Abraham–Lorentz force *

Absorption band In spectroscopy, an absorption band is a range of wavelengths, frequency, frequencies or energies in the electromagnetic spectrum that are characteristic of a particular transition from initial to final state in a substance. According to quantum ...

Accretion disk An accretion disk is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body. The central body is most frequently a star. Friction, uneven irradiance, magnetohydrodynamic effects, and ...

Active galactic nucleus An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the center of a galaxy that emits a significant amount of energy across the electromagnetic spectrum, with characteristics indicating that this luminosity is not produced by the stars. Such e ...

Adiabatic invariant A property of a physical system, such as the entropy of a gas, that stays approximately constant when changes occur slowly is called an adiabatic invariant. By this it is meant that if a system is varied between two end points, as the time for the ...

* ADITYA (tokamak) *

Aeronomy Aeronomy is the scientific study of the upper atmosphere of the Earth and corresponding regions of the atmospheres of other planets. It is a branch of both atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics. Scientists specializing in aeronomy, know ...

* Afterglow plasma *

Airglow Airglow is a faint emission of light by a planetary atmosphere. In the case of Earth's atmosphere, this optical phenomenon causes the night sky never to be completely dark, even after the effects of starlight and diffuse sky radiation, diffuse ...

* Air plasma,

Corona treatment Corona treatment (sometimes referred to as air plasma) is a surface modification technique that uses a low temperature corona discharge plasma to impart changes in the properties of a surface. The corona plasma is generated by the application ...

, Atmospheric-pressure plasma treatment * Ayaks, Novel "Magneto-plasmo-chemical engine" *

Alcator C-Mod Alcator C-Mod was a tokamak (a type of magnetically confined fusion device) that operated between 1991 and 2016 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC). Notable for its high toroidal magnetic ...

Alfvén wave In plasma physics, an Alfvén wave, named after Hannes Alfvén, is a type of plasma wave in which ions oscillate in response to a restoring force provided by an Magnetic tension force, effective tension on the magnetic field lines. Definition ...

Ambipolar diffusion Ambipolar diffusion is diffusion of positive and negative particles with opposite electrical charge (such as electrons and positive ions) due to their interaction via an electric field. In plasma In plasma physics, ambipolar diffusion is rel ...

Aneutronic fusion Aneutronic fusion is any form of fusion power in which very little of the energy released is carried by Neutron, neutrons. While the lowest-threshold Nuclear fusion#Important reactions, nuclear fusion reactions release up to 80% of their energy in ...

* Anisothermal plasma *

Anisotropy Anisotropy () is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit ve ...

Antiproton Decelerator The Antiproton Decelerator (AD) is a storage ring at the CERN laboratory near Geneva. It was built from the Antiproton Collector (AC) to be a successor to the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) and started operation in the year 2000. Antiprotons ...

* Appleton-Hartree equation * Arcing horns *

Arc lamp An arc lamp or arc light is a lamp that produces light by an electric arc (also called a voltaic arc). The carbon arc light, which consists of an arc between carbon electrodes in air, invented by Humphry Davy in the first decade of the 1800s, ...

Arc suppression Arc suppression is the reduction of the electric arc energy that occurs when current-carrying contacts are opened and closed. An electric arc is a man-made, continuous arc-discharge consisting of highly energized electrons and ions supported by an e ...

ASDEX Upgrade ASDEX Upgrade (''Axially Symmetric Divertor Experiment'') is a divertor tokamak at the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, Garching that went into operation in 1991. At present, it is Germany's second largest nuclear fusion, fusion experiment ...

, Axially Symmetric Divertor EXperiment *

Astron (fusion reactor) The Astron is a type of fusion power device pioneered by Nicholas Christofilos and built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory during the 1960s and 70s. Astron used a unique confinement system that avoided several of the problems found in ...

Astronomy Astronomy is a natural science that studies celestial objects and the phenomena that occur in the cosmos. It uses mathematics, physics, and chemistry in order to explain their origin and their overall evolution. Objects of interest includ ...

* Astrophysical plasma * Astrophysical X-ray source * Atmospheric dynamo * Atmospheric escape * Atmospheric pressure discharge * Atmospheric-pressure plasma *

Atom Atoms are the basic particles of the chemical elements. An atom consists of a atomic nucleus, nucleus of protons and generally neutrons, surrounded by an electromagnetically bound swarm of electrons. The chemical elements are distinguished fr ...

Atomic emission spectroscopy Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is a method of chemical analysis that uses the intensity of light emitted from a flame, plasma, arc, or spark at a particular wavelength to determine the quantity of an element in a sample. The wavelength of ...

Atomic physics Atomic physics is the field of physics that studies atoms as an isolated system of electrons and an atomic nucleus. Atomic physics typically refers to the study of atomic structure and the interaction between atoms. It is primarily concerned wit ...

* Atomic-terrace low-angle shadowing * Auger electron spectroscopy *

Aurora (astronomy) An aurora ( aurorae or auroras), also commonly known as the northern lights (aurora borealis) or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in Earth's sky, predominantly observed in high-latitude regions (around the Arc ...

B

* Babcock Model *

Ball lightning Ball lightning is a rare and unexplained phenomenon described as Luminosity, luminescent, spherical objects that vary from pea-sized to several meters in diameter. Though usually associated with thunderstorms, the observed phenomenon is repor ...

* Ball-pen probe * Ballooning instability * Baryon acoustic oscillations *

Beam-powered propulsion Beam-powered propulsion, also known as directed energy propulsion, is a class of aircraft or spacecraft propulsion that uses energy beamed to the spacecraft from a remote power plant to provide energy. The beam is typically either a microwave or a ...

Beta (plasma physics) The beta of a plasma, symbolized by , is the ratio of the plasma pressure (''p'' = ''n'' ''k''B ''T'') to the magnetic pressure (''p''mag = ''B''2/2 ''μ''0). The term is commonly used in studies of the Sun and Earth's magnetic field, and in t ...

Birkeland current A Birkeland current (also known as field-aligned current, FAC) is a set of electrical currents that flow along geomagnetic field lines connecting the Earth's magnetosphere to the Earth's high latitude ionosphere. In the Earth's magnetosphere, th ...

* Blacklight Power *

Blazar A blazar is an active galactic nucleus (AGN) with a relativistic jet (a jet composed of ionized matter traveling at nearly the speed of light) directed very nearly towards an observer. Relativistic beaming of electromagnetic radiation from the ...

Bohm diffusion The diffusion of plasma across a magnetic field was conjectured to follow the Bohm diffusion scaling as indicated from the early plasma experiments of very lossy machines. This predicted that the rate of diffusion was linear with temperature and in ...

* Bohr–van Leeuwen theorem * Boltzmann relation *

Bow shock In astrophysics, bow shocks are shock waves in regions where the conditions of density and pressure change dramatically due to blowing stellar wind. Bow shock occurs when the magnetosphere of an astrophysical object interacts with the nearby fl ...

Bremsstrahlung In particle physics, bremsstrahlung (; ; ) is electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle when deflected by another charged particle, typically an electron by an atomic nucleus. The moving particle loses kinetic ...

* Bussard ramjet

C

* Capacitively coupled plasma * Carbon nanotube metal matrix composites *

Cassini–Huygens ''Cassini–Huygens'' ( ), commonly called ''Cassini'', was a space research, space-research mission by NASA, the European Space Agency (ESA), and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) to send a space probe to study the planet Saturn and its system, i ...

, Cassini Plasma Spectrometer *

Cathode ray Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, glass behind the positive electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from the c ...

Cathodic arc deposition {{Short description, Type of physical vapor deposition technique Cathodic arc deposition or Arc-PVD is a physical vapor deposition technique in which an electric arc is used to vaporize material from a cathode target. The vaporized material then co ...

* Ceramic discharge metal-halide lamp *

Charge carrier In solid state physics, a charge carrier is a particle or quasiparticle that is free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors. Examples are electrons, ions and holes. ...

* Charged-device model *

Charged particle In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. For example, some elementary particles, like the electron or quarks are charged. Some composite particles like protons are charged particles. An ion, such as a molecule or atom ...

* Chemical plasma *

Chemical vapor deposition Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a vacuum deposition method used to produce high-quality, and high-performance, solid materials. The process is often used in the semiconductor industry to produce thin films. In typical CVD, the wafer (electro ...

* Chemical vapor deposition of diamond * Chirikov criterion *

Chirped pulse amplification Chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is a technique for amplifying an ultrashort laser pulse up to the petawatt level, with the laser pulse being stretched out temporally and spectrally, then amplified, and then compressed again. The stretching and ...

Chromatography detector A chromatography detector is a device that detects and quantifies separated compounds as they elute from the chromatographic column. These detectors are integral to various chromatographic techniques, such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatogra ...

* Chromo–Weibel instability *

Classical-map hypernetted-chain method The classical-map hypernetted-chain method (CHNC method) is a method used in many-body theoretical physics for interacting uniform electron liquids in two and three dimensions, and for non-ideal plasmas. The method extends the famous hypernetted ...

Cnoidal wave In fluid dynamics, a cnoidal wave is a nonlinear and exact periodic wave solution of the Korteweg–de Vries equation. These solutions are in terms of the Jacobi elliptic function ''cn'', which is why they are coined ''cn''oidal waves. They ar ...

* Colored-particle-in-cell *

Coilgun A coilgun is a type of mass driver consisting of one or more coils used as electromagnets in the configuration of a linear motor that accelerate a ferromagnetic or conducting projectile to high velocity. In almost all coilgun configurations, t ...

Cold plasma Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere. In common usage, cold is often a subjective perception. A lower bound to temperature is absolute zero, defined as 0.00K on the Kelvin scale, an absolute thermodynamic ...

, Ozone generator * Collisionality * Colored-particle-in-cell * Columbia Non-neutral Torus *

Comet tail A comet tail and coma are visible features of a comet when they are illuminated by the Sun and may become visible from Earth when a comet passes through the inner Solar System. As a comet approaches the inner Solar System, solar radiation cause ...

Compact toroid A compact toroid (CT) is a type of plasmoid, a class of toroidal plasma configuration that is self-stable, and which does not need magnet coils running through the center of the toroid. They are studied mainly in the field of fusion power, where ...

Compressibility In thermodynamics and fluid mechanics, the compressibility (also known as the coefficient of compressibility or, if the temperature is held constant, the isothermal compressibility) is a measure of the instantaneous relative volume change of a f ...

* Compton–Getting effect * Contact lithography *

Coupling (physics) In physics, two objects are said to be coupled when they are interacting with each other. In classical mechanics, coupling is a connection between two Oscillation, oscillating systems, such as pendulums connected by a spring. The connection affec ...

Convection cell In fluid dynamics, a convection cell is the phenomenon that occurs when density differences exist within a body of liquid or gas. These density differences result in rising and/or falling convection currents, which are the key characteristics o ...

Cooling flow A cooling flow occurs when the intracluster medium (ICM) in the centres of galaxy clusters should be rapidly cooling at the rate of tens to thousands of solar masses per year. This should happen as the ICM (a plasma) is quickly losing its energy ...

* Corona *

Corona discharge A corona discharge is an electrical discharge caused by the ionization of a fluid such as air surrounding a conductor (material), conductor carrying a high voltage. It represents a local region where the air (or other fluid) has undergone ...

* Corona ring *

Coronal loop In solar physics, a coronal loop is a well-defined arch-like structure in the Sun's Stellar atmosphere, atmosphere made up of relatively dense Plasma (physics), plasma confined and isolated from the surrounding medium by magnetic flux tubes. Co ...

* Coronal radiative losses * Coronal seismology *

Cosmic microwave background radiation The cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR), or relic radiation, is microwave radiation that fills all space in the observable universe. With a standard optical telescope, the background space between stars and galaxies is almost completely dar ...

* Cotton–Mouton effect * Coulomb collision * Coulomb explosion * Columbia Non-neutral Torus * Crackle tube *

Critical ionization velocity Critical ionization velocity (CIV), or critical velocity (CV), is the relative velocity between a neutral gas and plasma (an ionized gas), at which the neutral gas will start to ionize. If more energy is supplied, the velocity of the atoms or mol ...

Crookes tube A Crookes tube: light and dark. Electrons (cathode rays) travel in straight lines from the cathode ''(left)'', as shown by the shadow cast by the metal Maltese cross on the fluorescence of the righthand glass wall of the tube. The anode is the ...

Current sheet A current sheet is an electric current that is confined to a surface, rather than being spread through a volume of space. Current sheets feature in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), a model of electrically conductive fluids: if there is an electric cu ...

Cutoff frequency In physics and electrical engineering, a cutoff frequency, corner frequency, or break frequency is a boundary in a system's frequency response at which energy flowing through the system begins to be reduced ( attenuated or reflected) rather than ...

* Cyclotron radiation

D

Debye length In plasmas and electrolytes, the Debye length \lambda_\text (Debye radius or Debye–Hückel screening length), is a measure of a charge carrier's net electrostatic effect in a solution and how far its electrostatic effect persists. With each D ...

Debye sheath The Debye sheath (also electrostatic sheath) is a layer in a plasma which has a greater density of positive ions, and hence an overall excess positive charge, that balances an opposite negative charge on the surface of a material with which it is ...

Deep reactive-ion etching Deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) is a special subclass of reactive-ion etching (RIE). It enables highly anisotropy, anisotropic etching (microfab), etch process used to create deep penetration, steep-sided holes and trenches in wafer (semiconducto ...

Degenerate matter Degenerate matter occurs when the Pauli exclusion principle significantly alters a state of matter at low temperature. The term is used in astrophysics to refer to dense stellar objects such as white dwarfs and neutron stars, where thermal press ...

* Degree of ionization * DEMO, DEMOnstration Power Plant *

Dense plasma focus A dense plasma focus (DPF) is a type of Plasma (physics), plasma generating system originally developed as a fusion power device, starting in the early 1960s. The system demonstrated Power law, scaling laws that suggested it would not be useful in ...

* Dielectric barrier discharge * Diffusion damping * DIII-D (tokamak) * Dimensional analysis * Diocotron instability * Direct-current discharge *

Directed-energy weapon A directed-energy weapon (DEW) is a ranged weapon that damages its target with highly focused energy without a solid projectile, including lasers, microwaves, particle beams, and sound beams. Potential applications of this technology include ...

* Direct bonding * distribution function *

Divertor In magnetic confinement fusion, a divertor is a magnetic field configuration which diverts the heat and particles escaped from the magnetically confined plasma to dedicated plasma-facing components, thus spatially separating the region plasma ...

Doppler broadening In atomic physics, Doppler broadening is broadening of spectral lines due to the Doppler effect caused by a distribution of velocities of atoms or molecules. Different velocities of the emitting (or absorbing) particles result in different Doppl ...

Doppler effect The Doppler effect (also Doppler shift) is the change in the frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the source of the wave. The ''Doppler effect'' is named after the physicist Christian Doppler, who described ...

Double layer (plasma) A double layer is a structure in a plasma consisting of two parallel layers of opposite electrical charge. The sheets of charge, which are not necessarily planar, produce localised excursions of electric potential, resulting in a relatively strong ...

* Dual segmented Langmuir probe, Non-Maxwellian Features in Ionospheric Plasma * Duoplasmatron *

Dusty plasma A dusty plasma is a Plasma (physics), plasma containing micrometer (10−6) to nanometer (10−9) sized particles suspended in it. Dust particles are charged and the plasma and particles behave as a plasma. Dust particles may form larger particles ...

Dynamo theory In physics, the dynamo theory proposes a mechanism by which a celestial body such as Earth or a star generates a magnetic field. The dynamo theory describes the process through which a rotating, convection, convecting, and electrically conductin ...

E

Earth's magnetic field Earth's magnetic field, also known as the geomagnetic field, is the magnetic field that extends from structure of Earth, Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with the solar wind, a stream of charged particles emanating from ...

Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST), also known as HT-7U (Hefei Tokamak 7 Upgrade), is an experimental superconducting tokamak magnetic fusion energy reactor in Hefei, China. Operated by the Hefei Institutes of Physical Sc ...

(EAST) *

Ectons Ectons are explosive electron emissions observed as individual packets or avalanches of electrons, occurring as microexplosions at the cathode. The electron current in an ecton starts flowing as a result of overheating of the metal cathode because ...

* Eddington luminosity * Edge-localized mode * Ekman number *

Elastic collision In physics, an elastic collision occurs between two physical objects in which the total kinetic energy of the two bodies remains the same. In an ideal, perfectly elastic collision, there is no net loss of kinetic energy into other forms such a ...

Electrical breakdown In electronics, electrical breakdown or dielectric breakdown is a process that occurs when an electrically insulating material (a dielectric), subjected to a high enough voltage, suddenly becomes a conductor and current flows through it. All ...

Electrical conductor In physics and electrical engineering, a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of charge (electric current) in one or more directions. Materials made of metal are common electrical conductors. The flow of negatively c ...

Electrical mobility Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them. The separation of ions according to their mobility in gas phase is called ion ...

Electrical resistance and conductance The electrical resistance of an object is a measure of its opposition to the flow of electric current. Its Multiplicative inverse, reciprocal quantity is , measuring the ease with which an electric current passes. Electrical resistance share ...

Electrical resistivity and conductivity Electrical resistivity (also called volume resistivity or specific electrical resistance) is a fundamental specific property of a material that measures its electrical resistance or how strongly it resists electric current. A low resistivity in ...

Electrical treeing In electrical engineering, treeing is an electrical pre-breakdown phenomenon in solid insulation. It is a damaging process due to partial discharges and progresses through the stressed dielectric insulation, in a path resembling the branches o ...

Electrically powered spacecraft propulsion Spacecraft electric propulsion (or just electric propulsion) is a type of spacecraft propulsion technique that uses electrostatic or electromagnetic fields to accelerate mass to high speed and thus generating thrust to modify the velocity of a ...

Electric-field screening In physics, screening is the damping of electric fields caused by the presence of mobile charge carriers. It is an important part of the behavior of charge-carrying mediums, such as ionized gases (classical plasmas), electrolytes, and electron ...

Electric arc An electric arc (or arc discharge) is an electrical breakdown of a gas that produces a prolonged electrical discharge. The electric current, current through a normally Electrical conductance, nonconductive medium such as air produces a plasma ( ...

Electric arc furnace An electric arc furnace (EAF) is a Industrial furnace, furnace that heats material by means of an electric arc. Industrial arc furnaces range in size from small units of approximately one-tonne capacity (used in foundry, foundries for producin ...

, Plasma arc furnace *

Electric current An electric current is a flow of charged particles, such as electrons or ions, moving through an electrical conductor or space. It is defined as the net rate of flow of electric charge through a surface. The moving particles are called charge c ...

Electric discharge In electromagnetism, an electric discharge is the release and transmission of electricity in an applied electric field through a medium such as a gas (i.e., an outgoing flow of electric current through a non-metal medium).American Geophysical U ...

Electric spark An electric spark is an abrupt electrical discharge that occurs when a sufficiently high electric field creates an Ionization, ionized, Electric current, electrically conductive channel through a normally-insulating medium, often air or other ga ...

* Electric Tokamak *

Electrothermal-chemical technology Electrothermal-chemical (ETC) technology is an attempt to increase accuracy and muzzle energy of future tank, artillery, and close-in weapon system guns by improving the predictability and rate of expansion of propellants inside the barrel. An el ...

, uses plasma cartridge, Triple coaxial plasma igniter * Electrodeless plasma excitation * Electrodeless plasma thruster *

Electrodynamic tether Electrodynamic tethers (EDTs) are long conducting wires, such as one deployed from a tether satellite, which can operate on electromagnetism, electromagnetic principles as electrical generator, generators, by converting their kinetic energy to ele ...

, Flowing Plasma Effect *

Electrohydrodynamic thruster An ion-propelled aircraft or ionocraft is an aircraft that uses electrohydrodynamics (EHD) to provide lift (force), lift or thrust in the air without requiring combustion or moving parts. Current designs do not produce sufficient thrust for crew ...

Electrolaser An electrolaser is a type of electroshock weapon that is also a directed-energy weapon. It uses lasers to form an electrically conductive ''laser-induced plasma channel'' (LIPC). A fraction of a second later, a powerful electric current is sent ...

, Laser-Induced Plasma Channel *

Electromagnetic electron wave In plasma physics, an electromagnetic electron wave is a wave in a plasma which has a magnetic field component and in which primarily the electrons oscillate. In an unmagnetized plasma, an electromagnetic electron wave is simply a light wave mod ...

Electromagnetic field An electromagnetic field (also EM field) is a physical field, varying in space and time, that represents the electric and magnetic influences generated by and acting upon electric charges. The field at any point in space and time can be regarde ...

Electromagnetic pulse An electromagnetic pulse (EMP), also referred to as a transient electromagnetic disturbance (TED), is a brief burst of electromagnetic energy. The origin of an EMP can be natural or artificial, and can occur as an electromagnetic field, as an ...

Electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high ...

* Electron-cloud effect *

Electron The electron (, or in nuclear reactions) is a subatomic particle with a negative one elementary charge, elementary electric charge. It is a fundamental particle that comprises the ordinary matter that makes up the universe, along with up qua ...

Electron avalanche An electron avalanche is a process in which a number of free electrons in a transmission medium are subjected to strong acceleration by an electric field and subsequently collide with other atoms of the medium, thereby ionizing them ( impact ioniz ...

* Electron beam ion trap *

Electron cyclotron resonance Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) is a phenomenon observed in plasma physics, condensed matter physics, and accelerator physics. It happens when the frequency of incident radiation coincides with the natural frequency of rotation of electrons in ...

Electron density Electron density or electronic density is the measure of the probability of an electron being present at an infinitesimal element of space surrounding any given point. It is a scalar quantity depending upon three spatial variables and is typical ...

Electron energy loss spectroscopy Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is a form of electron microscopy in which a material is exposed to a beam of electrons with a known, narrow range of kinetic energies. Some of the electrons will undergo inelastic scattering, which mea ...

Electron gun file:Egun.jpg, Electron gun from a cathode-ray tube file:Vidicon Electron Gun.jpg, The electron gun from an RCA Vidicon video camera tube An electron gun (also called electron emitter) is an electrical component in some vacuum tubes that produc ...

Electron microprobe An electron microprobe (EMP), also known as an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) or electron micro probe analyzer (EMPA), is an analytical tool used to non-destructively determine the chemical composition of small volumes of solid materials. I ...

* Electron spiral toroid * Electron temperature *

Electronvolt In physics, an electronvolt (symbol eV), also written electron-volt and electron volt, is the measure of an amount of kinetic energy gained by a single electron accelerating through an Voltage, electric potential difference of one volt in vacuum ...

* Electron wake *

Electrostatic discharge Electrostatic discharge (ESD) is a sudden and momentary flow of electric current between two differently-charged objects when brought close together or when the dielectric between them breaks down, often creating a visible electric spark, spark as ...

* Electrostatic ion cyclotron wave * Electrostatic ion thruster *

Electrosurgery Electrosurgery is the application of a high-frequency (radio frequency) alternating polarity, electrical current to biological tissue as a means to cut, coagulate, desiccate, or fulgurate tissue.Hainer BL, "Fundamentals of electrosurgery", '' ...

* Electrothermal instability *

Electroweak epoch In physical cosmology, the electroweak epoch was the period in the evolution of the early universe when the temperature of the universe had fallen enough that the strong force separated from the electronuclear interaction, but was still high en ...

Elemental analysis Elemental analysis is a process where a sample of some material (e.g., soil, waste or drinking water, bodily fluids, minerals, chemical compounds) is analyzed for its elemental and sometimes isotopic composition. Elemental analysis can be qualita ...

* Elliptic flow *

Emission spectrum The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the Spectrum (physical sciences), spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to electrons making a atomic electron transition, transition from a high energ ...

Energetic neutral atom Energetic Neutral Atom (ENA) imaging is a technology used to create global images of otherwise invisible phenomena in the magnetospheres of planets and throughout the heliosphere. Charged particles— protons, electrons, and various nuclei— ...

Energy density In physics, energy density is the quotient between the amount of energy stored in a given system or contained in a given region of space and the volume of the system or region considered. Often only the ''useful'' or extractable energy is measure ...

* Energy filtered transmission electron microscopy *

Evanescent wave In electromagnetics, an evanescent field, or evanescent wave, is an oscillating electric and/or magnetic field that does not propagate as an electromagnetic wave but whose energy is spatially concentrated in the vicinity of the source (oscilla ...

* Evershed effect * Excimer lamp *

Excimer laser An excimer laser, sometimes more correctly called an exciplex laser, is a form of ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in the production of microelectronic devices, semiconductor based integrated circuits or "chips", eye surgery, and micro ...

* Extraordinary optical transmission *

Extreme ultraviolet Extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV or XUV) or high-energy ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation in the part of the electromagnetic spectrum spanning wavelengths shorter than the hydrogen Lyman-alpha line from 121 nm down to ...

Extreme ultraviolet lithography Extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL, also known simply as EUV) is a technology used in the semiconductor industry for manufacturing integrated circuits (ICs). It is a type of photolithography that uses 13.5 nm extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light fro ...

F

Failure analysis Failure analysis is the process of collecting and analyzing data to determine the cause of a failure, often with the goal of determining corrective actions or liability. According to Bloch and Geitner, ”machinery failures reveal a reaction chain ...

* FalconSAT *

Faraday cup A Faraday cup is a metal (conductive) cup designed to catch charged particles. The resulting current can be measured and used to determine the number of ions or electrons hitting the cup. The Faraday cup was named after Michael Faraday who first ...

Faraday effect The Faraday effect or Faraday rotation, sometimes referred to as the magneto-optic Faraday effect (MOFE), is a physical magneto-optical phenomenon. The Faraday effect causes a polarization rotation which is proportional to the projection of the ...

, Faraday rotation in the ionosphere * Far-infrared laser * Farley-Buneman instability *

Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer The Fast Auroral SnapshoT Explorer (FAST or Explorer 70) was a NASA plasma physics satellite, and was the second spacecraft in the Small Explorer program (SMEX). It was launched on 21 August 1996, from Vandenberg Space Force Base, Vandenberg Ai ...

Ferritic nitrocarburizing Ferritic nitrocarburizing or FNC, also known by the proprietary names "Tenifer", "Tufftride", Melonite, and "Arcor",Other trade names include Tuffride/ Tuffrider, QPQ, Sulfinuz, Sursulf, Meli 1, and Nitride, among others is a range of proprietar ...

, Plasma-assisted ferritic nitrocarburizing, plasma ion nitriding *

Ferrofluid Ferrofluid is a dark liquid that is attracted to the poles of a magnet. It is a colloidal liquid made of nanoscale ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic particles suspended inside a carrier fluid (usually an organic solvent or water). Each magnetic ...

Field line A field line is a graphical Scientific visualization, visual aid for visualizing vector fields. It consists of an imaginary integral curve which is tangent to the field Euclidean vector, vector at each point along its length. A diagram showing ...

* Field-reversed configuration *

Filament propagation In nonlinear optics, filament propagation is propagation of a beam of light through a medium without diffraction. This is possible because the Kerr effect causes an index of refraction change in the medium, resulting in self-focusing of the beam. ...

Finite-difference time-domain method Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or Yee's method (named after the Chinese American applied mathematician Kane S. Yee, born 1934) is a numerical analysis technique used for modeling computational electrodynamics. History Finite difference sc ...

Fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a fuel in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products. Flames, the most visible portion of the fire, are produced in the combustion re ...

* Fisher's equation * Fission fragment reactor * Fission-fragment rocket, Dusty Plasma Based Fission Fragment Nuclear Reactor * Flame plasma * Flare spray *

Flashtube A flashtube (flashlamp) produces an electrostatic discharge with an extremely intense, incoherent, full-spectrum white light for a very short time. A flashtube is a glass tube with an electrode at each end and is filled with a gas that, when tr ...

Flatness problem The flatness problem (also known as the oldness problem) is a cosmological fine-tuning problem within the Big Bang model of the universe. Such problems arise from the observation that some of the initial conditions of the universe appear to be f ...

* Flowing-afterglow mass spectrometry *

Fluid dynamics In physics, physical chemistry and engineering, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that describes the flow of fluids – liquids and gases. It has several subdisciplines, including (the study of air and other gases in motion ...

Fluorescent lamp A fluorescent lamp, or fluorescent tube, is a low-pressure mercury-vapor gas-discharge lamp that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. An electric current in the gas excites mercury vapor, to produce ultraviolet and make a phosphor ...

Forbidden mechanism In spectroscopy, a forbidden mechanism (forbidden transition or forbidden line) is a spectral line associated with absorption or emission of photons by atomic nuclei, atoms, or molecules which undergo a transition that is not allowed by a particu ...

Force-free magnetic field In plasma physics, a force-free magnetic field is a magnetic field in which the Lorentz force is equal to zero and the magnetic pressure greatly exceeds the plasma pressure such that non-magnetic forces can be neglected. For a force-free field, t ...

Free-electron laser A free-electron laser (FEL) is a fourth generation light source producing extremely brilliant and short pulses of radiation. An FEL functions much as a laser but employs relativistic electrons as a active laser medium, gain medium instead of using ...

Free electron model In solid-state physics, the free electron model is a quantum mechanical model for the behaviour of charge carriers in a metallic solid. It was developed in 1927, principally by Arnold Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quan ...

F region The F region of the ionosphere is home to the F layer of ionization, also called the Appleton–Barnett layer, after the English physicist Edward Appleton and New Zealand physicist and meteorologist Miles Barnett. As with other ionospheric secto ...

, Appleton layer * Frequency classification of plasmas *

Fusion energy gain factor A fusion energy gain factor, usually expressed with the symbol ''Q'', is the ratio of fusion power produced in a nuclear fusion reactor to the power required to maintain the plasma in steady state. The condition of ''Q'' = 1, when the ...

Fusion power Fusion power is a proposed form of power generation that would generate electricity by using heat from nuclear fusion reactions. In a fusion process, two lighter atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, while releasing energy. Devices d ...

* fusion torch *

fusor A fusor is a device that uses an electric field to heat ions to a temperature at which they undergo nuclear fusion. The machine induces a potential difference between two metal cages, inside a vacuum. Positive ions fall down this voltage drop, b ...

G

* Galactic corona *

Galactic halo A galactic halo is an extended, roughly spherical component of a galaxy which extends beyond the main, visible component. Several distinct components of a galaxy comprise its halo: * the stellar halo * the galactic corona (hot gas, i.e. a plas ...

Gas Gas is a state of matter that has neither a fixed volume nor a fixed shape and is a compressible fluid. A ''pure gas'' is made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon) or molecules of either a single type of atom ( elements such as ...

Gas-filled tube A gas-filled tube, also commonly known as a discharge tube or formerly as a Julius Plücker, Plücker tube, is an arrangement of electrodes in a gas within an dielectric, insulating, temperature-resistant envelope. Gas-filled tubes exploit phen ...

* Gas core reactor rocket * Gas cracker, plasma cracking * Gas Electron Multiplier * Gaseous fission reactor * Gaseous ionisation detectors * Gas focusing *

Gasification Gasification is a process that converts biomass- or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into gases, including as the largest fractions: nitrogen (N2), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen (H2), and carbon dioxide (). This is achieved by reacting ...

, Plasma gasifier *

Geissler tube A Geissler tube is a precursor to modern gas discharge tubes, demonstrating the principles of electrical glow discharge, akin to contemporary neon lights, and central to the discovery of the electron. This device was developed in 1857 by Hein ...

* General Fusion *

Geomagnetic storm A geomagnetic storm, also known as a magnetic storm, is a temporary disturbance of the Earth's magnetosphere that is driven by interactions between the magnetosphere and large-scale transient Plasma (physics), plasma and magnetic field structur ...

* Geothermal Anywhere * Glasser effect * Glass frit bonding *

Glow discharge A glow discharge is a Plasma (physics), plasma formed by the passage of electric current through a gas. It is often created by applying a voltage between two electrodes in a glass tube containing a low-pressure gas. When the voltage exceeds a va ...

* Glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) * Grad–Shafranov equation *

Granule (solar physics) In solar physics and observation, granules are convection cells in the Sun's photosphere. They are caused by currents of plasma in the Sun's convective zone, directly below the photosphere. The grainy appearance of the photosphere is produced ...

Great Rift (astronomy) In astronomy, the Great Rift (sometimes called the Dark Rift or less commonly the Dark River) is a dark band caused by interstellar clouds of cosmic dust that significantly obscure ( extinguish) the center and most radial sectors of the Milky ...

* GreenSun Energy *

Guiding center In physics, the motion of an electrically charged particle such as an electron or ion in a plasma in a magnetic field can be treated as the superposition of a relatively fast circular motion around a point called the guiding center and a relat ...

* Gunn–Peterson trough *

GYRO Gyro may refer to: Science and technology * GYRO, a computer program for tokamak plasma simulation * Gyro Motor Company, an American aircraft engine manufacturer * '' Gyrodactylus salaris'', a parasite in salmon * Gyroscope, an orientation-sta ...

* Gyrokinetic ElectroMagnetic * Gyrokinetics *

Gyroradius In physics, cyclotron motion, also known as gyromotion, refers to the circular motion exhibited by charged particles in a uniform magnetic field. The circular trajectory of a particle in cyclotron motion is characterized by an angular frequency r ...

Gyrotron High-power 140 GHz gyrotron for plasma heating in the Wendelstein 7-X fusion experiment, Germany. A gyrotron is a class of high-power linear-beam vacuum tubes that generates millimeter-wave electromagnetic waves by the cyclotron resonance of e ...

H

Hadronization Hadronization (or hadronisation) is the process of the formation of hadrons out of quarks and gluons. There are two main branches of hadronization: quark-gluon plasma (QGP) transformation and colour string decay into hadrons. The transformation o ...

Hagedorn temperature The Hagedorn temperature, ''T''H, is the temperature in theoretical physics where hadronic matter (i.e. ordinary matter) is no longer stable, and must either "evaporate" or convert into quark matter; as such, it can be thought of as the "boiling p ...

, Transition to Quark-Gluon Plasma *

Hall effect The Hall effect is the production of a voltage, potential difference (the Hall voltage) across an electrical conductor that is wikt:transverse, transverse to an electric current in the conductor and to an applied magnetic field wikt:perpendicul ...

Hall-effect thruster In spacecraft propulsion, a Hall-effect thruster (HET) is a type of ion thruster in which the propellant is accelerated by an electric field. Hall-effect thrusters (based on the discovery by Edwin Hall) are sometimes referred to as Hall thruste ...

* Hasegawa–Mima equation *

Heat shield In engineering, a heat shield is a component designed to protect an object or a human operator from being burnt or overheated by dissipating, reflecting, and/or absorbing heat. The term is most often used in reference to exhaust heat management a ...

* Heat torch * Helically Symmetric Experiment * Helicon double-layer thruster * Helicon (physics) *

Heliosphere The heliosphere is the magnetosphere, astrosphere, and outermost atmospheric layer of the Sun. It takes the shape of a vast, tailed bubble-like region of space. In plasma physics terms, it is the cavity formed by the Sun in the surrounding ...

Heliospheric current sheet The heliospheric current sheet, or interplanetary current sheet, is a surface separating regions of the heliosphere where the interplanetary magnetic field points toward and away from the Sun. A small electrical current with a current density of ...

Helium Helium (from ) is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol He and atomic number 2. It is a colorless, odorless, non-toxic, inert gas, inert, monatomic gas and the first in the noble gas group in the periodic table. Its boiling point is ...

* Helium line ratio * Helmet streamer * Hessdalen light * High beta fusion reactor *

High-energy nuclear physics High-energy nuclear physics studies the behavior of nuclear matter in energy regimes typical of high-energy physics. The primary focus of this field is the study of heavy-ion collisions, as compared to lighter atoms in other particle accelerator ...

* High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program * High harmonic generation *

High-intensity discharge lamp High-intensity discharge lamps (HID lamps) are a type of electrical gas-discharge lamp which produces light by means of an electric arc between tungsten electrodes housed inside a translucent or transparent fused quartz or fused alumina arc ...

* High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering *

High voltage High voltage electricity refers to electrical potential large enough to cause injury or damage. In certain industries, ''high voltage'' refers to voltage above a certain threshold. Equipment and conductors that carry high voltage warrant sp ...

* HiPER, High-Power laser Energy Research facility * Hiss (electromagnetic), Plasmaspheric hiss * Hollow cathode effect * Hollow-cathode lamp * Holtsmark distribution *

Homopolar generator A homopolar generator is a DC electrical generator comprising an electrically conductive disc or cylinder rotating in a plane perpendicular to a uniform static magnetic field. A potential difference is created between the center of the disc and ...

* Horizon problem *

Hydrogen Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has chemical symbol, symbol H and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and abundance of the chemical elements, most abundant chemical element in the universe, constituting about 75% of all baryon, normal matter ...

* Hydrogen sensor *

Hypernova A hypernova is a very energetic supernova which is believed to result from an extreme core collapse scenario. In this case, a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin astrophysical jets and surrounded b ...

Hypersonic speed In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that exceeds five times the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above. The precise Mach number at which a craft can be said to be flying at hypersonic speed varies, since i ...

Hypersonic wind tunnel A hypersonic wind tunnel is designed to generate a hypersonic flow field in the working section, thus simulating the typical flow features of this flow regime - including compression shocks and pronounced boundary layer effects, entropy layer and ...

Hypervelocity Hypervelocity is very high velocity, approximately over 3,000 meters per second (11,000 km/h, 6,700 mph, 10,000 ft/s, or Mach 8.8). In particular, hypervelocity is velocity so high that the strength of materials upon impact is v ...

* Hypertherm

I

* IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society * IGNITOR *

IMAGE An image or picture is a visual representation. An image can be Two-dimensional space, two-dimensional, such as a drawing, painting, or photograph, or Three-dimensional space, three-dimensional, such as a carving or sculpture. Images may be di ...

, Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration, Radio Plasma Imager * Impalefection *

Impulse generator Impulse or Impulsive may refer to: Science * Impulse (physics), in mechanics, the change of momentum of an object; the integral of a force with respect to time * Impulse noise (disambiguation) * Specific impulse, the change in momentum per uni ...

* Incoherent scatter * Induction plasma technology * Inductively coupled plasma *

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), also referred to as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), is an analytical technique used for the detection of chemical elements. It is a type of emis ...

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a type of mass spectrometry that uses an inductively coupled plasma to ionize the sample. It atomizes the sample and creates atomic and small polyatomic ions, which are then detected. It i ...

Inelastic mean free path The inelastic mean free path (IMFP) is an index of how far an electron on average travels through a solid before losing energy. If a monochromatic, primary beam of electrons is incident on a solid surface, the majority of incident electrons lo ...

inertial confinement fusion Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is a fusion energy process that initiates nuclear fusion reactions by compressing and heating targets filled with fuel. The targets are small pellets, typically containing deuterium (2H) and tritium (3H). Typical ...

Inertial electrostatic confinement Inertial electrostatic confinement, or IEC, is a class of fusion power devices that use electric fields to confine the plasma rather than the more common approach using magnetic fields found in magnetic confinement fusion (MCF) designs. Most IEC ...

* Inertial fusion power plant *

Instability In dynamical systems instability means that some of the outputs or internal states increase with time, without bounds. Not all systems that are not stable are unstable; systems can also be marginally stable or exhibit limit cycle behavior. ...

Insulated-gate bipolar transistor An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily forming an electronic switch. It was developed to combine high efficiency with fast switching. It consists of four alternating layers (NPNP) that ...

Insulator (electrical) An electrical insulator is a material in which electric current does not flow freely. The atoms of the insulator have tightly bound electrons which cannot readily move. Other materials—semiconductors and electrical conductor, conductors—con ...

* Interbol *

Intergalactic medium Intergalactic may refer to: * "Intergalactic" (song), a song by the Beastie Boys * ''Intergalactic'' (TV series), a 2021 UK science fiction TV series * Intergalactic space * Intergalactic travel, travel between galaxies in science fiction and ...

International Reference Ionosphere International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) is a common permanent scientific project of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) and the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) started 1968/69. It is the international Standard (metrology), stand ...

Interplanetary magnetic field The interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), also commonly referred to as the heliospheric magnetic field (HMF), is the component of the solar magnetic field that is dragged out from the solar corona by the solar wind flow to fill the Solar System ...

Interplanetary medium The interplanetary medium (IPM) or interplanetary space consists of the mass and energy which fills the Solar System, and through which all the larger Solar System bodies, such as planets, dwarf planet A dwarf planet is a small planetary ...

Interplanetary scintillation In astronomy, interplanetary scintillation refers to random fluctuations in the intensity of radio waves of celestial origin, on the timescale of a few seconds. It is analogous to the twinkling one sees looking at stars in the sky at night, but i ...

Interstellar medium The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the outer space, space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic, atomic, and molecular form, as well as cosmic dust, dust and cosmic rays. It f ...

* Interstellar

nebula A nebula (; or nebulas) is a distinct luminescent part of interstellar medium, which can consist of ionized, neutral, or molecular hydrogen and also cosmic dust. Nebulae are often star-forming regions, such as in the Pillars of Creation in ...

Interstellar travel Interstellar travel is the hypothetical travel of spacecraft between star systems. Due to the vast distances between the Solar System and nearby stars, interstellar travel is not practicable with current propulsion technologies. To travel between ...

Intracluster medium In astronomy, the intracluster medium (ICM) is the superheated plasma (physics), plasma that permeates a galaxy cluster. The gas consists mainly of ionized hydrogen and helium and accounts for most of the baryonic material in galaxy clusters. The ...

* Io-

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the List of Solar System objects by size, largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a Jupiter mass, mass more than 2.5 times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined a ...

flux tube A flux tube is a generally tube-like (cylindrical) region of space containing a magnetic field, B, such that the cylindrical sides of the tube are everywhere parallel to the magnetic field lines. It is a graphical visual aid for visualizing a magn ...

Ion An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convent ...

* Ionized-air glow * Ion acoustic wave *

Ion beam An ion beam is a beam of ions, a type of charged particle beam. Ion beams have many uses in electronics manufacturing (principally ion implantation) and other industries. There are many ion beam sources, some derived from the mercury vapor ...

* Ion-beam shepherd * Ion cyclotron resonance * Ion gun *

Ion laser An ion laser is a gas laser that uses an ionized gas as its lasing medium. Like other gas lasers, ion lasers feature a sealed cavity containing the laser medium and mirrors forming a Fabry–Pérot resonator. Unlike helium–neon lasers, th ...

* Ion optics * Ion plating *

Ion source An ion source is a device that creates atomic and molecular ions. Ion sources are used to form ions for mass spectrometers, optical emission spectrometers, particle accelerators, ion implanters and ion engines. Electron ionization Elect ...

* Ion wind *

Ionosphere The ionosphere () is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about to above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays ...

* Ionospheric heater *

Ionospheric propagation In radio communication, skywave or skip refers to the propagation of radio waves reflected or refracted back toward Earth from the ionosphere, an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere. Since it is not limited by the curvature of ...

Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry Isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is a specialization of mass spectrometry, in which mass spectrometric methods are used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample. This technique has two different applications in the e ...

, Multiple collector – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) *

ITER ITER (initially the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, ''iter'' meaning "the way" or "the path" in Latin) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at creating energy through a fusion process s ...

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ITER (initially the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, ''iter'' meaning "the way" or "the path" in Latin) is an international nuclear fusion research and engineering megaproject aimed at creating energy through a fusion process s ...

J

Jellium Jellium, also known as the uniform electron gas (UEG) or homogeneous electron gas (HEG), is a quantum mechanical model of interacting free electrons in a solid where the complementary positive charges are not atomic nuclei but instead an idealize ...

uniform electron gas Jellium, also known as the uniform electron gas (UEG) or homogeneous electron gas (HEG), is a quantum mechanical model of interacting free electrons in a solid where the complementary positive charges are not atomic nuclei but instead an ideali ...

, homogeneous electron gas *

Jet (particle physics) A jet is a narrow cone of hadrons and other particles produced by the hadronization of quarks and gluons in a particle physics or heavy ion experiment. Particles carrying a color charge, i.e. quarks and gluons, cannot exist in free form becaus ...

* Jet quenching *

Joint European Torus The Joint European Torus (JET) was a magnetically confined plasma physics experiment, located at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in Oxfordshire, UK. Based on a tokamak design, the fusion research facility was a joint European project with the ...

K

Kennelly–Heaviside layer The Heaviside layer, sometimes called the Kennelly–Heaviside layer, named after Arthur E. Kennelly and Oliver Heaviside, is a layer of ionised gas occurring roughly between above the ground — one of several layers in the Earth's ion ...

E region E, or e, is the fifth letter and the second vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''e'' (pronounced ); plu ...

Kinetics (physics) In physics and engineering, kinetics is the branch of classical mechanics that is concerned with the relationship between the motion In physics, motion is when an object changes its position with respect to a reference point in a given time ...

Kink instability A kink instability (also known as a kink oscillation or kink mode) is a current-driven plasma instability characterized by transverse displacements of a plasma column's cross-section from its center of mass without any change in the characteris ...

* Kirchhoff's circuit laws * Kite applications, plasma kite * Kosterlitz–Thouless transition * KSTAR, Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research * Kværner-process, Plasma burner, Plasma variation

L

* Lagrange point colonization * Landau damping * Langmuir probe * Large Hadron Collider * Large Helical Device * Large Plasma Device * Laser-hybrid welding * Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, Laser Induced Plasma Spectroscopy * Laser-induced fluorescence * Laser ablation * Laser ablation synthesis in solution * Laser plasma acceleration * Lawson criterion * Lerche–Newberger sum rule * Le Sage's theory of gravitation * Levitated dipole * LIDAR * Lightcraft * Lightning * LINUS (Fusion Experiment) * List of hydrodynamic instabilities * List of plasma physicists * Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR), LOFAR, Low Frequency Array * Longitudinal wave * Lorentz force * Low-energy electron diffraction * Lower hybrid oscillation * Low-pressure discharge * Luminescent solar concentrator * Lundquist number * Luttinger liquid

M

* Madison Symmetric Torus * MagBeam, also called Magnetized beamed plasma propulsion, plasma wind * Magnetic bottle * Magnetic braking (astronomy), Magnetic braking * Magnetic cloud * Magnetic confinement fusion * Magnetic diffusivity * Magnetic field * Magnetic field oscillating amplified thruster, Plasma Engine * Magnetic helicity * Magnetic mirror * Magnetic Prandtl number * Magnetic pressure * Magnetic proton recoil neutron spectrometer * Magnetic radiation reaction force * Magnetic reconnection * Magnetic Reynolds number * Magnetic sail, Mini-magnetospheric plasma propulsion * Magnetic tail * Magnetic tension force * Magnetic weapon * Magnetization reversal by circularly polarized light * Magnetized target fusion * Magnetogravity wave * Magnetohydrodynamic drive * MHD generator * Magnetohydrodynamics * Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence * Magneto-optical trap * Magnetopause * Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster * Magnetosheath * Magnetosonic wave, also magnetoacoustic wave * Magnetosphere * Magnetosphere chronology * Magnetosphere of Saturn, Sources and transport of plasma * Magnetosphere particle motion * Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission * Magnetotellurics#Energy sources, Magnetotellurics * MAGPIE, stands for Mega Ampere Generator for Plasma Implosion Experiments, Marx generator * MARAUDER, acronym of Magnetically Accelerated Ring to Achieve Ultra-high Directed Energy and Radiation * Marchywka Effect * Marfa lights * Many-body problem * Mars Express * Mass driver, or electromagnetic catapult * Mass spectrometry * Material point method * Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution * Maxwell's equations * Mechanically Stimulated Gas Emission * Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak * Metallic bond * Metallizing * Metamaterial antenna * Microplasma * Microstructured optical arrays * Microturbulence * Microwave digestion * Microwave discharge * Microwave plasma-assisted CVD * Microwave plasma * Migma * MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center * Moreton wave * Multipactor effect

N

* Nanoflares * Nanoparticle * Nanoscale plasmonic motor * Nanoshell * National Compact Stellarator Experiment * National Spherical Torus Experiment * Navier–Stokes equations * Negative index metamaterials * Negative resistance * Negative temperature * Neon lighting * Neon sign * Neutral beam injection * Neutron generator * Neutron source * Neutron star spin-up * New Horizons, Plasma and high energy particle spectrometer suite (PAM) * Nitrogen–phosphorus detector * Nonequilibrium Gas and Plasma Dynamics Laboratory * Non-line-of-sight propagation * Non-thermal microwave effect * Nonthermal plasma,

* Nuclear fusion, Bremsstrahlung losses in quasineutral, isotropic plasmas, deuterium plasma * Nuclear pulse propulsion * Nuclear pumped laser * Numerical diffusion * Numerical resistivity

O

* Ohmic contact * Onset of deconfinement * Optode * Optoelectric nuclear battery * Orbitrap * Outer space

P

* Particle-in-cell * Particle accelerator * Paschen's law * Peek's law * Pegasus Toroidal Experiment * Penning mixture * Penrose criterion * Perhapsatron * Phased plasma gun * Photon * Photonic metamaterial * Photonics * Physical cosmology * Physical vapor deposition * Piezoelectric direct discharge plasma * Pinch (plasma physics) * Planetary nebula * Planetary nebula luminosity function * Plasma-desorption mass spectrometry * Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition * Plasma-immersion ion implantation * Plasma-powered cannon * Plasma (physics) * Plasma acceleration * Plasma Acoustic Shield System * Plasma activated bonding * Plasma activation * Plasma actuator * Plasma antenna * Plasma arc waste disposal, Incineration * Plasma arc welding * Plasma channel * Plasma chemistry * Plasma cleaning * Plasma Contactor * Plasma containment * Plasma conversion * Plasma cosmology, ambiplasma * Plasma cutting, Plasma gouging * Plasma deep drilling technology * Plasma diagnostics, Self Excited Electron Plasma Resonance Spectroscopy (SEERS) * Plasma display * Plasma effect * Plasma electrolytic oxidation * Plasma etcher * Plasma etching * Plasma frequency * Plasma functionalization * Plasma gasification commercialization * Plasma globe * Plasma lamp * Plasma medicine * Plasma modeling * Plasma nitriding * Plasma oscillation * Plasma parameter * Plasma parameters * Plasma pencil * Plasma polymerization * Plasma processing * Plasma propulsion engine * Plasma Pyrolysis Waste Treatment and Disposal * Plasma receiver * Plasma scaling * Plasma shaping * Plasma sheet * Plasma shield, Plasma window * Plasma sound source * Plasma source * Plasma speaker * Plasma spray * Plasma spraying, Thermal spraying, Surface finishing * Plasma stability * Plasma stealth * Plasma torch * Plasma transferred wire arc thermal spraying * Plasma valve * Plasma weapon * Plasma weapon (fiction) * Plasma window, Force shield, Force field * Plasmadynamics and Electric Propulsion Laboratory * Plasmaphone * Plasmapper * Plasmaron * Plasmasphere * Plasmoid * Plasmon * Plasmonic cover, Theories of cloaking * Plasmonic laser, Nanolaser * Plasmonic metamaterials * Plasmonic nanolithography * Plasmonic Nanoparticles * Plasmonic solar cell * Polarization density * Polarization ripples * Polar (satellite) * Polymeric surfaces * Polywell * Ponderomotive force * Princeton field-reversed configuration experiment * Propulsive Fluid Accumulator, nuclear-powered magnetohydrodynamic electromagnetic plasma thruster * Proton beam * Pseudospark switch * Pulsed Energy Projectile * Pulsed laser deposition, Dynamic of the plasma * Pulsed plasma thruster, also Plasma Jet Engines

Q

* Q-machine * QCD matter * Quadrupole ion trap * Quantum cascade laser * Quark–gluon plasma * Quarkonium * Quasar * Quasiparticle

R

* Radiation * Radiation damage * Radical polymerization * Radioactive waste * Radio atmospheric * Radio galaxy * Radio halo * Radio relics * Railgun * Radio Aurora Explorer (RAX) * Random phase approximation * Ray tracing (physics) * Reactive-ion etching * Reaction engine * Rectifier, Plasma type * Refractive index * Reionization * Relativistic beaming * Relativistic jet * Relativistic particle * Relativistic plasma * Relativistic similarity parameter * Remote plasma-enhanced CVD * Resistive ballooning mode * Resolved sideband cooling * Resonant magnetic perturbations * Resonator mode * Reversed field pinch * Richtmyer–Meshkov instability * Riggatron * Ring current * Rocket engine nozzle * Runaway breakdown * Rydberg atom * Rydberg matter

S

* Safety factor (plasma physics) * Saha ionization equation * Sceptre (fusion reactor) * Scramjet * Screened Poisson equation * SEAgel, Safe Emulsion Agar gel * Selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry * Self-focusing * Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe * Shielding gas * Shiva laser * Shiva Star * Shock diamond * Shocks and discontinuities (magnetohydrodynamics) * Shock wave, Oblique shock * Skin effect * Skip zone * Sky brightness * Skywave * Slapper detonator * Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak * Solar cycle, Cosmic ray flux * Solar flare * Solar Orbiter, Radio and Plasma Wave analyser * Solar prominence * Solar transition region * Solar wind * Solar wind turbulence * Solenoid * Solution precursor plasma spray, Plasma plume * Sonoluminescence * South Atlantic Anomaly * Southern Hemisphere Auroral Radar Experiment * Space physics * Spacequake * Space Shuttle * Space Shuttle thermal protection system * Space tether missions * Spark-gap transmitter * Spark plasma sintering * Spaser * Spectral imaging * Spectral line * Spherical tokamak * Spheromak * Spinplasmonics * Spontaneous emission * Spreeta * Sprite (lightning) * Sputter cleaning * Sputter deposition * Sputtering * SSIES, Special Sensors-Ions, Electrons, and Scintillation thermal plasma analysis package * SST-1 (tokamak), Steady State Tokamak * Star * Star lifting * State of matter * Static forces and virtual-particle exchange * Stellarator * Stellar-wind bubble * St. Elmo's fire * Strahl (astronomy) * Strangeness production * Strontium vapor laser * Structure formation * Sudden ionospheric disturbance * Sun * SUNIST, Sino-UNIted Spherical Tokamak, Alfven wave current drive experiments in spherical tokamak plasmas * Superlens, Plasmon-assisted microscopy * Supernova * Supernova remnants * Sura Ionospheric Heating Facility * Surface-wave-sustained mode * Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy * Surface plasmon * Surface plasmon polaritons * Surface plasmon resonance * Suspension plasma spray * Synchrotron light source

T

* Taylor state * Teller–Ulam design, Foam plasma pressure * Tesla coil * Test particle, in plasma physics or electrodynamics * Thermal barrier coating * Thermalisation * Thermionic converter * Thermodynamic temperature * Thomson scattering * Thunder * Tokamak * Tokamak à configuration variable * Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor * Toroidal ring model * Townsend discharge * Townsend (unit) * Transformation optics * Transmission medium * Trisops, Force Free Plasma Vortices * Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy * Tweeter, Plasma or Ion tweeter * Two-dimensional guiding-center plasma * Two-dimensional point vortex gas * Two-stream instability

U

* U-HID, Ultra High Intensity Discharge * UMIST linear system * Undulator * Upper hybrid oscillation * Upper-atmospheric lightning

V

* Vacuum arc, thermionic vacuum arc generates a pure metal and ceramic vapour plasma * Van Allen radiation belt * Vapor–liquid–solid method * Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket * Vector inversion generator * Versatile Toroidal Facility * Violet wand * Virial theorem * Vlasov equation * Volatilisation * VORPAL, Versatile Object-oriented Relativistic Plasma Analysis with Lasers * Voyager program, Plasma Wave Subsystem

W

* Warm dense matter * Wave equation * Waves in plasmas * Wave turbulence * Weibel instability * Wendelstein 7-X * Wiggler (synchrotron) * WIND (spacecraft) * Wingless Electromagnetic Air Vehicle * Wireless energy transfer * Wouthuysen-Field coupling

X

* XANES, X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure * Xenon arc lamp * X-ray transient * X-ray astronomy * X-shaped radio galaxy

Y

Z

* Zakharov system * Zero-point energy * ZETA (fusion reactor) * Zonal and poloidal * Zonal flow (plasma) * Z Pulsed Power Facility

References

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