The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Istanbul:

Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

–

General reference

Pronunciation Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken. To This may refer to generally agreed-upon sequences of sounds used in speaking a given word or all language in a specific dialect—"correct" or "standard" pronunciation—or si ...

: , ; ) Names of European cities in different languages: I–L#I * Toponymy:

Names of Istanbul The city of Istanbul has been known by a number of different names. The most notable names besides the modern Turkish name are Byzantium, Constantinople, and Stamboul. Different names are associated with different phases of its history, with differ ...

* Common English name(s):

* Official English name(s):

* Adjectival(s): Istanbulite *

Demonym A demonym (; ) or 'gentilic' () is a word that identifies a group of people ( inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place ( hamlet, village, town, city, region, ...

(s): Istanbulite

Geography of Istanbul

Geography of Istanbul Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

* Istanbul is: ** a

city A city is a human settlement of a substantial size. The term "city" has different meanings around the world and in some places the settlement can be very small. Even where the term is limited to larger settlements, there is no universally agree ...

* Population of Istanbul: 14,804,116 * Area of Istanbul: 5,343.02 km² (2,062.95 sq mi)

Location of Istanbul

* Istanbul is situated within the following regions: **

Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined by humans as being in the same celestial sphere, celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the Solar ...

and

Eastern Hemisphere The Eastern Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth which is east of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, London, United Kingdom) and west of the antimeridian (which crosses the Pacific Ocean and relatively little land from pole to p ...

***

Asia Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...

****

Western Asia West Asia (also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia) is the westernmost region of Asia. As defined by most academics, UN bodies and other institutions, the subregion consists of Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Mesopotamia, the Armenian ...

(

) *****

Greater Middle East The Greater Middle East is a geopolitical term introduced in March 2004 in a paper published by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace as part of the United States' preparatory work for the Group of Eight summit of June 2004. The pap ...

******

Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armen ...

(

) ******* Marmara Region ********

Istanbul Province Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

Time zone A time zone is an area which observes a uniform standard time for legal, Commerce, commercial and social purposes. Time zones tend to follow the boundaries between Country, countries and their Administrative division, subdivisions instead of ...

(s): **

TRT The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT; Turkish: ) is the national public broadcaster of Turkey, founded in 1964. TRT was for many years the only television and radio broadcaster in Turkey. Before the introduction of commercial radio ...

(

UTC+03 UTC+03:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +03:00. In areas using this time offset, the time is three hours ahead of the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Following the ISO 8601 standard, a time with this offset would be writt ...

)

Environment of Istanbul

* Climate of Istanbul

Natural geographic features of Istanbul

* Canals in Istanbul **

Istanbul Canal The Istanbul Canal ( ) is a project for an artificial sea-level waterway planned by Turkey in East Thrace, connecting the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara, and thus to the Aegean and Mediterranean seas. The Istanbul Canal would bisect the curren ...

* Hills in Istanbul **

Seven hills of Istanbul Istanbul is known as the ''City on the Seven Hills'' (). The city has inherited this denomination from Byzantine Constantinople which – consciously following the model of Rome – was built on seven hills too. The seven hills of Istanbul Th ...

***

Çamlıca Hill Çamlıca Hill () (), aka Big Çamlıca Hill () to differentiate it from the nearby Little Çamlıca Hill (), is a hill in the Üsküdar district of the Asian side of Istanbul, Turkey. At above sea level, Çamlıca Hill offers a panoramic view o ...

Sarayburnu Sarayburnu (, meaning ''Palace Cape''; known in English as the Seraglio Point) is a promontory quarter separating the Golden Horn and the Sea of Marmara in Istanbul, Turkey. The area is where the Topkapı Palace and Gülhane Park stand. Saraybu ...

* Inlets in Istanbul **

Golden Horn The Golden Horn ( or ) is a major urban waterway and the primary inlet of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey. As a natural estuary that connects with the Bosphorus Strait at the point where the strait meets the Sea of Marmara, the waters of the ...

* Islands in Istanbul **

Princes' Islands The Princes' Islands (; the word "princes" is plural, because the name means "Islands of the Princes", , ''Pringiponisia''), officially just Adalar (); alternatively the Princes' Archipelago; is an archipelago off the coast of Istanbul, Turkey, ...

* Straits in Istanbul **

Bosporus The Bosporus or Bosphorus Strait ( ; , colloquially ) is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul, Turkey. The Bosporus connects the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara and forms one of the continental bo ...

Areas of Istanbul

Districts of Istanbul

Urban centers in Istanbul

Neighbourhoods in Istanbul

Neighbourhoods of Istanbul *

Fatih Fatih () is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 15 km2, and its population is 368,227 (2022). It is home to almost all of the provincial authorities (including the mayor's office, police headquarters, metro ...

Galata Galata is the former name of the Karaköy neighbourhood in Istanbul, which is located at the northern shore of the Golden Horn. The district is connected to the historic Fatih district by several bridges that cross the Golden Horn, most nota ...

Locations in Istanbul

* Tourist attractions in Istanbul ** Museums in Istanbul ***

Pera Museum Pera Museum () is an art museum in the Tepebaşı quarter of the Beyoğlu (formerly called ''Pera'') district in Istanbul, Turkey, at Meşrutiyet Avenue No. 65, adjacent to İstiklal Avenue and in close proximity to Taksim Square. It has a parti ...

** Shopping areas and markets *** Grand Bazaar ** World Heritage Sites in Istanbul ***

Historic Areas of Istanbul The Historic Areas of Istanbul (; ; ) are a group of sites in the capital district of Fatih in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. These areas were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985. It includes buildings and structures such as the Saray ...

Ancient monuments in Istanbul

Column of Constantine The Column of Constantine (; ; ) is a monumental column commemorating the dedication of Constantinople by Roman emperor Constantine the Great on 11 May 330 AD. Completed , it is the oldest Constantinian monument to survive in Istanbul. The colu ...

Column of Marcian The Column of Marcian (, ) is a Roman honorific column erected in Constantinople by the ''praefectus urbi'' Tatianus (450 – c. 452) and dedicated to the Emperor Marcian (450–57). It is located in the present-day Fatih district of Istanbul ...

* Column of the Goths *

Forum of Constantine The Forum of Constantine (; ) was built at the foundation of Constantinople immediately outside the old city walls of Byzantium. It marked the centre of the new city, and was a central point along the Mese, the main ceremonial road through the c ...

Forum of Theodosius The Forum of Theodosius (, today Beyazıt Square) was probably the largest square in Constantinople and stood on the Mese, the major road that ran west from Hagia Sophia ( Turkish: Ayasofya). It was originally built by Constantine I and named t ...

Hippodrome of Constantinople The Hippodrome of Constantinople (; ; ) was a Roman circus, circus that was the sporting and social centre of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire. Today it is a square in Istanbul, Turkey, known as Sultanahmet Square (). The word ...

Obelisk of Theodosius The Obelisk of Theodosius (, ) is the Ancient Egyptian obelisk of Pharaoh Thutmose III (1479–1425 BC), first erected during the 18th dynasty of Egypt. It was re-erected in the Hippodrome of Constantinople (known today as ''At Meydanı'' or ''Sul ...

Serpent Column The Serpent Column ( ' "Three-headed Serpent";, i.e. "the bronze three-headed serpent"; see See also , . "Serpentine Column"), also known as the Serpentine Column, Plataean Tripod or Delphi Tripod, is an ancient bronze column at the Hippodrom ...

** Walled Obelisk *

Milion The Milion ( or , ''Mílion''; ) was a marker from which all distances across the Roman Empire were measured. Erected by Septimius Severus in the 3rd century AD in the city of Byzantium, it became the zero-mile marker for the empire upon the r ...

Aqueduct of Valens The Aqueduct of Valens (, ) was a Roman aqueduct system built in the late 4th century AD, to supply Constantinople – the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Construction of the aqueduct began during the reign of the Roman emperor Constantius ...

Walls of Constantinople The Walls of Constantinople (; ) are a series of defensive wall, defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (modern Fatih district of Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire b ...

** Golden Horn Wall ** Propontis Wall **

Sea Walls A seawall (or sea wall) is a form of coastal defense constructed where the sea, and associated coastal processes, impact directly upon the landforms of the coast. The purpose of a seawall is to protect areas of human habitation, conservation, ...

Theodosian Walls The Walls of Constantinople (; ) are a series of defensive wall, defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (modern Fatih district of Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire b ...

** Walls of Blachernae ** Wall of Constantine ** Walls of Galata

Bridges in Istanbul

Atatürk Bridge Atatürk Bridge () is a road bridge across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It is named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first President of the Republic of Turkey but is sometimes called the Unkapanı Bridge after the district on ...

Bosphorus Bridge The Bosphorus Bridge (), known officially as the 15 July Martyrs Bridge () and colloquially as the First Bridge (), is the oldest and southernmost of the three suspension bridges spanning the Bosphorus strait (Turkish: ''Boğaziçi'') in Ist ...

Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge The Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge ("Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror Bridge"; , abbreviated as ''F.S.M. Köprüsü''), also known as the Second Bosphorus Bridge (), is a bridge in Istanbul, Turkey spanning the Bosphorus strait (Turkish: ''Boğaziçi'') ...

Fil Bridge The Fil Bridge (), also known as Silahtarağa Bridge () is a long, concrete bowstring bridge that crosses the Alibeyköy Creek in Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in ...

Galata Bridge The Galata Bridge (, ) is a bridge that spans the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. From the end of the 19th century in particular, the bridge has featured in Turkish literature, theater, poetry and novels. The current Galata Bridge is just the la ...

Golden Horn Metro Bridge The Golden Horn Metro Bridge () is a cable-stayed bridge carrying the M2 (Istanbul Metro), M2 line of the Istanbul Metro across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It connects Karaköy and Küçükpazarı on the European side of Istanbul, and i ...

Haliç Bridge The Haliç Bridge (), or the Golden Horn Bridge, is a road bridge across the Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It connects the neighbourhoods of Ayvansaray, Istanbul, Ayvansaray in the southwest and Hasköy, Istanbul, Halıcıoğlu in the northw ...

Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge The Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge (), also known as the Third Bosphorus Bridge'','' is a vehicular bridge over the Bosphorus strait, to the north of Istanbul's two older suspension bridges, the 15 July Martyrs Bridge being the First Bosphorus Bridge ...

Cultural and exhibition centres in Istanbul

Atatürk Cultural Center The Atatürk Cultural Center (), commonly called the AKM, is a concert hall, theatre and cultural centre running along the eastern side of Taksim Square in Beyoğlu, Istanbul. Originally opened on April 12, 1969, it was closed for renovation work ...

* Istanbul Congress Center *

Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar International Convention and Exhibition Center, often referred as Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar ICEC, shortly ICEC, (), formerly Istanbul Sports and Exhibition Hall (İstanbul Spor ve Sergi Sarayı), is a multi-purpose conventi ...

Forts in Istanbul

Anadoluhisarı Anadoluhisarı (), known historically as Güzelce Hisar ("the Beauteous Fortress") is a medieval Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey on the Anatolian (Asian) side of the Bosporus. The complex is the oldest surviving Turkish architectural ...

Rumelihisarı Rumelihisarı (also known as Rumelian Fortress and Roumeli Hissar Fortress) or Boğazkesen Fortress (literally 'strait-cutter fortress') is a medieval Ottoman Empire, Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey, on a series of hills on the Europ ...

Yedikule Fortress Yedikule Fortress ( or ''Yedikule Zindanları''; meaning "Fortress of the Seven Towers") is a fortified historic structure located in the Yedikule neighbourhood of Fatih, in Istanbul, Turkey. Built in 1458 on the commission of Ottoman Sultan Me ...

Yoros Castle Yoros Castle () is a ruined castle dating back to Byzantine times that stands above the confluence of the Bosphorus and the Black Sea, to the north of Joshua's Hill, in Beykoz district, Istanbul, Turkey. It is commonly referred to as the Genoese ...

Fountains in Istanbul

* Fountain of Ahmed III *

Fountain of Ahmed III (Üsküdar) The Fountain of Sultan Ahmed III in Üsküdar () is an 18th-century public water fountain built by Ottoman sultan Ahmed III in the Ottoman rococo architecture and situated in the grand square of Üsküdar in Istanbul, Turkey. History Sultan Ahme ...

German Fountain The German Fountain (; ) is a gazebo styled fountain in the northern end of the former Hippodrome of Constantinople (Sultanahmet Square) in Istanbul and across from the Mausoleum of Sultan Ahmed I. It was constructed to commemorate the second an ...

* Sultan Mahmut Fountain * Tophane Fountain

Gates in Istanbul

Gates of Istanbul * Gate of Charisius * Gate of the Spring * Xylokerkos Gate

Lighthouses in Istanbul

* Ahırkapı Feneri *

Anadolu Feneri Anadolu Feneri is a historical lighthouse still in use, located at Anadolufeneri on the Asian side of Bosphorus' Black Sea entrance in Istanbul, Turkey. "Anadolu" is the Turkish name for Anatolia and "fener" means lighthouse. It is across from th ...

Fenerbahçe Lighthouse __NOTOC__ The Fenerbahçe Lighthouse (), a historical lighthouse still in use, is located on the northern coast of Sea of Marmara at Fenerbahçe neighborhood of Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. History Historical documents mention that the ...

Kadıköy İnciburnu Feneri Kadıköy () is a municipality and district on the Asian side of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 25 km2, and its population is 467,919 (2023). It is a large and populous area in the Asian side of Istanbul, on the northern shore of ...

Maiden's Tower __NOTOC__ The Maiden's Tower (), also known as Leander's Tower (''Tower of Leandros'') since the Byzantine period, is a tower on a small islet at the southern entrance of the Bosphorus strait, from the coast of Üsküdar in Istanbul, Turk ...

Rumeli Feneri Rumeli Feneri, also Türkeli Feneri, a historical lighthouse still in use, is located on the European side of the Bosporus Strait's Black Sea entrance in Istanbul. Etymology Rumeli (or Rumelia) is a former name for the Ottoman territories wes ...

Şile Feneri Şile is a municipality and district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its area is 800 km2, and its population is 43,464 (2022). Bordering Şile is the province of Kocaeli (districts of Gebze, Körfez, Derince, Kandıra) to the east and south, ...

Yeşilköy Feneri __NOTOC__ Yeşilköy Feneri is a historical lighthouse still in use located on the northern coast of Sea of Marmara at Yeşilyurt neighborhood (once part of Yeşilköy) in Istanbul's Bakırköy district, Turkey. History Built in 1856, it was in ...

Monuments and memorials in Istanbul

Aviation Martyrs' Monument The Aviation Martyrs' Monument ( or formerly ''Tayyare Şehitleri Abidesi''), located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, is a memorial dedicated to the first soldiers of the Ottoman Airforce to be killed in flight accidents. In Turkey, one us ...

* Ilhan Selçuk and the Enlightenment Instigators of the Republic Monument * Istanbul Armenian Genocide memorial * Monument of Liberty *

Republic Monument The Republic Monument () is a notable monument located at Taksim Square in Istanbul, Turkey, to commemorate the formation of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Designed by Italian sculptor Pietro Canonica and built in two and a half years with fina ...

Museums and art galleries in Istanbul

Museums in Istanbul A museum is an institution dedicated to displaying or Preservation (library and archive), preserving culturally or scientifically significant objects. Many museums have exhibitions of these objects on public display, and some have private colle ...

Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Literature Museum Library The Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Literature Museum Library () is a literary museum and archive dedicated to Turkish literature and named after the Turkish novelist and essayist Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar (1901–1962). Located in Istanbul, Turkey, the museum ...

Doğançay Museum The Doğançay Museum (), Turkey’s first modern art museum, is dedicated to the artistic legacy of Burhan Doğançay. History The museum officially opened its doors to the public in 2004. It is housed in a historic 150-year-old five-story bui ...

Galatasaray Museum Galatasaray Museum (officially Galatasaray University Culture&Art Center; ) is a cultural center in Istanbul, Turkey, founded in 1868 to inform the society of the traditions and history of Galatasaray. The building The museum initially opened at ...

Great Palace Mosaic Museum The Great Palace Mosaic Museum (), is located close to Sultanahmet Square in Istanbul, Turkey, at Arasta Bazaar. The museum houses mosaics from the Byzantine period, unearthed at the site of the Great Palace of Constantinople. History The museum ...

İstanbul Archaeology Museums The Istanbul Archaeology Museums () are a group of three archaeological museums located in the Eminönü quarter of Istanbul, Turkey, near Gülhane Park and Topkapı Palace. These museums house over one million objects from nearly all periods and ...

* Istanbul Aviation Museum *

Istanbul Contemporary Art Museum Istanbul Contemporary Art Museum (iS.CaM) is an independent, artist run museum established in Istanbul in 1997. It is the oldest contemporary art museum in Istanbul. iS.CaM an alternative art organisation that develops, evolves and collaborates w ...

Istanbul Military Museum Istanbul Military Museum () is dedicated to one thousand years of Military of Turkey, Turkish military history. It is one of the leading museums of its kind in the world. The museum is open to the public everyday except on Mondays. History ...

İstanbul Modern Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, colloquially referred to as Istanbul Modern (), is a contemporary art gallery located inside the Galataport complex in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. Inaugurated on December 11, 2004, Istanbul Modern was ...

Istanbul Naval Museum The Istanbul Naval Museum (Turkish language, Turkish: ''İstanbul Deniz Müzesi'') is a national naval museum, located in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was established in 1897 by the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Minister of the Navy ...

Istanbul Postal Museum The Istanbul Postal Museum, aka PTT Museum Istanbul (), is a postal museum dedicated to the historical development of mail and telecommunication services in the Ottoman Empire and Turkey, exhibiting related equipment and instruments as well as a c ...

İstanbul State Art and Sculpture Museum The Istanbul Painting and Sculpture Museum () is a museum in the Tophane area of European Istanbul, Turkey. It is part of the large Galataport complex. The museum was originally housed in the mansion of the crown prince attached to the Dolmabahç ...

İstanbul Toy Museum The Istanbul Toy Museum () is a toy museum located in the Göztepe neighbourhood of Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. The museum was founded by the Turkish poet and novelist, Sunay Akın, in 2005. The museum opened on April 23, a national ...

* Istanbul Zoology Museum *

Sakıp Sabancı Museum The Sabancı University Sakıp Sabancı Museum () is a private fine arts museum in Istanbul, Turkey, dedicated to Islamic calligraphy, calligraphic art, religious and state documents, as well as paintings of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman era. The ...

SantralIstanbul The santralistanbul (), opened in 2007, is an arts and cultural complex located at the upper end of Golden Horn where two small rivers, Alibeyköy and Kağıthane meet in the Eyüp district of Istanbul, Turkey. The center, consisting of an energ ...

Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum The Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum () is a museum in Sultanahmet Square in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey which first opened in 1914 and in 1983 moved into the palace of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, the second grand vizier of Suleiman the Magni ...

Palaces and pavilions in Istanbul

Ottoman palaces in Istanbul This is a list of palaces commissioned by the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman dynasty in Istanbul, Turkey. Some of these buildings are summer houses or mansions. See also *Ottoman architecture *Pavilion Notes References

{{Reflist Ottoman palace ...

Aynalıkavak Pavilion Aynalıkavak Pavilion () is a former Ottoman pavilion located in the Hasköy neighborhood of Beyoğlu district in Istanbul, Turkey. It was constructed during the reign of Sultan Ahmed I (1603–1617), with various additions and changes over time. ...

Beylerbeyi Palace The Beylerbeyi Palace () is a 19th-century Ottoman palace located in the Beylerbeyi neighborhood of Istanbul’s Üsküdar district, on the Asian shore of the Bosporus. Commissioned by Sultan Abdulaziz and completed between 1861 and 1865, the ...

Boukoleon Palace The Palace of Boukoleon () or Bucoleon was one of the Byzantine palaces in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul in Turkey.) The palace is located on the shore of the Sea of Marmara, to the south of the Hippodrome and east of the Little Hagia So ...

* Cantemir Palace in Istanbul *

Dolmabahçe Palace Dolmabahçe Palace ( ) is a 19th-century imperial palace located in Istanbul, Turkey, along the European shore of the Bosporus, which served as the main administrative center of the Ottoman Empire from 1856 to 1887 and from 1909 to 1922. Histor ...

Esma Sultan Mansion The Esma Sultan Mansion (), a historical yalı located on the Bosphorus in the Ortaköy neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey and named after its original owner Princess Esma Sultan, is used today as a cultural center after being redeveloped. Histo ...

Hatice Sultan Mansion The Hatice Sultan Mansion (), a historical yalı () located at Bosporus in Ortaköy neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively sma ...

Ihlamur Pavilion Ihlamur Palace (, lit. Linden Pavilion), is a former imperial Ottoman summer pavilion located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was constructed during the reign of Sultan Abdülmecid I (1839-1860). It is under the administration of the Turkish Directorate ...

Khedive's Palace The Khedive's Palace (, "Khedive Palace"), also known as Çubuklu Palace (''Çubuklu Sarayı''), is located on the Asian side of the Bosphorus in Istanbul, Turkey, and was once the residence of Khedive Abbas II of Egypt and Sudan. In English it ...

Küçüksu Pavilion Küçüksu Pavilion (), Littlewater Pavilion a.k.a. Göksu (Skywater) Pavilion, is a summer pavilion in Istanbul, Turkey, situated in the Küçüksu neighborhood of Beykoz district on the Asian shore of the Bosphorus between Anadoluhisarı and the ...

Maslak Pavilion Maslak Pavilion () is a former imperial Ottoman pavilion located in Istanbul, Turkey. It was constructed during the reign of Sultan Abdülaziz (1861–1876). It is under the administration of the Turkish Directorate of National Palaces In Tur ...

Palace of Antiochos The Palace of Antiochos () was an early 5th-century palace in the Byzantine capital, Constantinople (modern Istanbul, Turkey). It has been identified with a palatial structure excavated in the 1940s and 1950s close to the Hippodrome of Constantinopl ...

Palace of Blachernae The Palace of Blachernae (). was an imperial Roman residence in the suburb of Blachernae, located in the northwestern section of Constantinople (today located in the quarter of Ayvansaray in Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey). The area of the palace is now ...

Palace of the Porphyrogenitus The Palace of the Porphyrogenitus (), known in Turkish as the ''Tekfur Sarayı'' ("Palace of the Sovereign"), is a late 13th-century Byzantine palace in the north-western part of the old city of Constantinople (present-day Istanbul, Turkey). An ...

Topkapı Palace The Topkapı Palace (; ), or the Seraglio, is a large museum and library in the east of the Fatih List of districts of Istanbul, district of Istanbul in Turkey. From the 1460s to the completion of Dolmabahçe Palace in 1856, it served as the ad ...

Tiled Kiosk The Tiled Kiosk () is a pavilion set within the outer walls of Topkapı Palace and dates from 1472 as shown on the tile inscript above the main entrance. It was built by the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II as a pleasure palace or kiosk. It is located in ...

Yıldız Palace Yıldız Palace (, ) is a vast complex of former imperial Ottoman Empire, Ottoman pavilions and villas in Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey, built in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It was used as a residence by the List of sultans of the Ottoman ...

Malta Kiosk The Malta Kiosk (), also known as the Malta Pavilion, is a historic imperial Ottoman residence located within the garden of the Yıldız Palace in Istanbul, Turkey. The two-storey pavilion was commissioned by Sultan Abdülaziz (reigned 1861&ndas ...

Parks and gardens in Istanbul

Avcıkoru Nature Park Avcıkoru Nature Park () is a nature park located in Şile district of Istanbul Province, Turkey. Avcıkoru Nature Park is situated north of Ömerli Dam on the highway D.020. The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment ...

Belgrad Forest Belgrad Forest () is a mixed deciduous forest lying adjacent to Istanbul, Turkey. It is named after the village next to the forest, settled by thousands of Serbs who were deported to the capital Constantinople from the city of Belgrade in 1521, w ...

Emirgan Park Emirgan Park ( or rarely ''Emirgan Parkı'') is a historical urban park located in the Emirgan neighbourhood in the Sarıyer district of Istanbul, Turkey, on the European coast of the Bosphorus. It is one of the largest public parks in Istanbul. ...

Fethi Paşa Korusu Fethi Paşa Korusu (''Fethi Pasha Grove'') is a large park in Istanbul, Turkey, on the hillside coming right down to the Bosphorus shore in the area called Paşalimanı. It is located between Kuzguncuk and Sultantepe neighborhoods in district Üsk ...

Gülhane Park Gülhane Park (, "Rosehouse Park") is a historical urban park in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey; it covers an area of 9.7 ha, is adjacent to and on the grounds of the Topkapı Palace. The south entrance of the park sports one of the large ...

* Kartal Park *

Miniatürk Miniatürk is a miniature park at the northeastern shore of Golden Horn in Istanbul, Turkey. It was opened on 2 May 2003. It is one of the world's largest miniature parks, with a model area and total area of . It contains 135 models, in 1:25 scal ...

Taksim Gezi Park Gezi Park is an urban park next to Taksim Square, in Istanbul's Beyoğlu district (historically known as Pera). It is one of the last green spaces in Beyoğlu and one of the smallest parks of Istanbul. In May 2013, plans to replace the park with ...

Yıldız Park Yıldız Park () is a historical, urban park in Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of the largest public parks in Istanbul. The park is located in Yıldız, Beşiktaş, Yıldız quarter between the palaces of Yıldız Palace, Yı ...

Public squares in Istanbul

Beyazıt Square Beyazıt Square () lies to the north of Ordu Caddesi in the district of Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey. Officially named ''Freedom Square'' (), it is more generally known as Beyazıt Square after the early Ottoman Bayezid II Mosque on one side. The s ...

Taksim Square Taksim Square (, ), situated in Beyoğlu in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey, is a major tourist and leisure district famed for its restaurants, shops, and hotels. It is considered the heart of modern Istanbul, with the central station of th ...

Religious buildings in Istanbul

Mosques in Istanbul A mosque ( ), also called a masjid ( ), is a place of worship for Muslims. The term usually refers to a covered building, but can be any place where Islamic prayers are performed; such as an outdoor courtyard. Originally, mosques were simple p ...

Arap Mosque Arap Mosque (, 'Arab mosque') is a mosque in the Karaköy quarter of Istanbul, Turkey. The building was originally a Roman Catholic church erected in 1325 by the friars of the Dominican Order, near or above an earlier chapel dedicated to Saint Pa ...

* Balaban Aga Mosque * Bayezid II Mosque * Blue Mosque *

Cathedral of the Holy Spirit The Cathedral of the Holy Spirit, alternatively known as the ''St. Esprit Cathedral'' ( Turkish: ''Saint Esprit Kilisesi''), located on Cumhuriyet Avenue 127/A, in the quarter of Pangaltı in Şişli district, the former Harbiye, between Taksim ...

Chora Church The Chora Church or Kariye Mosque () is a Byzantine architecture, Byzantine church, now converted to a mosque (for the second time), in the Edirnekapı, Istanbul, Edirnekapı neighborhood of Fatih district, Istanbul, Turkey. It is famous for ...

* Church of St. Anthony of Padua * Church of Saint Benoit *

Church of St. George of Samatya Saint George of Samatya or Surp Kevork (Armenian: ''Սամաթիոյ Սուրբ Գէորգ Եկեղեցի''; Turkish name: ''Sulu Manastır'', meaning: "Water Monastery") is an Armenian church in Istanbul, Turkey. The edifice, built between 1866 ...

Church of Saint Menas of Samatya Saint Menas (, pr. ''Ágios Minás''; ) is a Greek Orthodox Church in Istanbul. The edifice was built in 1833 near an early christian art and architecture, early Christian Martyrium (architecture), Martyrion of the fourth or fifth century, possi ...

Eski Imaret Mosque The Eski Imaret Mosque () is a former Byzantine church converted into a mosque by the Ottomans. The church has traditionally been identified as belonging to the Monastery of Christ Pantepoptes (), meaning "Christ the all-seeing". It is the only do ...

Fatih Mosque, Istanbul The Fatih Mosque (, "Conqueror's Mosque" in English) is an Ottoman mosque off Fevzi Paşa Caddesi in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. The original mosque was constructed between 1463 and 1470 on the site of the Church of the Holy Apost ...

Hagia Irene Hagia Irene () or Hagia Eirene ( , "Holy Peace", ), sometimes known also as Saint Irene, is a former Eastern Orthodox church located in the outer courtyard of Topkapı Palace in Istanbul. It is the oldest known church structure in the city and on ...

Hagia Sophia Hagia Sophia (; ; ; ; ), officially the Hagia Sophia Grand Mosque (; ), is a mosque and former Church (building), church serving as a major cultural and historical site in Istanbul, Turkey. The last of three church buildings to be successively ...

* Hagia Triada Greek Orthodox Church *

Little Hagia Sophia The Little Hagia Sophia mosque (), formerly the Church of Saints Sergius and Bacchus (), is a former Greek Orthodox church dedicated to Saints Sergius and Bacchus in Constantinople (modern Istanbul), built between 532 and 536, and converted in ...

* Manastır Mosque *

Monastery of Stoudios The Monastery of Stoudios, more fully Monastery of Saint John the Forerunner "at Stoudios" (), often shortened to ''Stoudios'', Studion or ''Stoudion'' (), was a Greek Orthodox Church, Greek Orthodox monastery in Constantinople (modern-day Istan ...

* New Mosque *

Nuruosmaniye Mosque The Nuruosmaniye Mosque () is an 18th-century Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey, which was inscribed in the Tentative list of World Heritage Sites in Turkey in 2016. Designed by a G ...

Ortaköy Mosque Ortaköy Mosque (), formally the Büyük Mecidiye Camii () in Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey, is a mosque situated at the waterside of the Ortaköy pier square, one of the most popular locations on the Bosphorus. It was commissioned by the Ottom ...

Pammakaristos Church The Pammakaristos Church, also known as the Church of Theotokos Pammakaristos (, "All-Blessed Mother of God"), is one of the most famous Byzantine church buildings in Istanbul, Turkey, and was the last pre- Ottoman building to house the Ecumenica ...

Rüstem Pasha Mosque The Rüstem Pasha Mosque () is an Ottoman mosque located in the Hasırcılar Çarşısı (Strawmat Weavers Market) in the Tahtakale neighborhood of the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, near the Spice Bazaar. Named after Rüstem Pasha, who ...

* St. George's Cathedral *

Süleymaniye Mosque The Süleymaniye Mosque (, ) is an Ottoman imperial mosque located on the Seven hills of Istanbul, Third Hill of Istanbul, Turkey. The mosque was commissioned by Suleiman the Magnificent () and designed by the imperial architect Mimar Sinan. An ...

Yavuz Selim Mosque The Yavuz Selim Mosque, also known as the Selim I Mosque and the Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque () is a 16th-century Ottoman imperial mosque located at the top of the 5th hill of Istanbul, Turkey, in the neighborhood of Çukurbostan, overlooking the ...

Zeyrek Mosque Zeyrek Mosque () or the Monastery of the Pantokrator (; ), is a large mosque on the Fazilet Street in the Zeyrek district of Fatih in Istanbul, overlooking the Golden Horn. It is made up of two former Byzantine churches and a chapel joined tog ...

Secular buildings in Istanbul

Basilica Cistern The Basilica Cistern, or Cisterna Basilica (, or , "Subterranean Cistern" or "Subterranean Palace"), is the largest of several hundred ancient cisterns that lie beneath the city of Istanbul, Turkey. The cistern, located southwest of the Hagi ...

Basketmakers' Kiosk The Basketmakers' Kiosk (), also known as Basketmakers' Palace (), named after the Sepetçiler Roma, is a former Ottoman pleasure palace located on the southern shore of Golden Horn's mouth at Sarayburnu in the neighborhood of Sirkeci in Istan ...

* Caferağa Medrese *

Çiçek Pasajı Çiçek Pasajı ( Turkish: ''Flower Passage''), originally called the Cité de Péra, is a famous historic passage ( galleria or arcade) on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. A covered arcade with rows of historic c ...

* Diamond of Istanbul *

Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion () is a historic presidential residence located offshore in the Sea of Marmara in the Florya neighborhood of the Bakırköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in 1935 by the municipality of Istanbul for Musta ...

Grand Post Office The Istanbul Grand Post Office (), or Istanbul Main Post Office, is an office building for postal services located in the Sirkeci neighborhood of the Eminönü quarter within the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was designed by architect Ve ...

* Istanbul Aquarium *

Istanbul Justice Palace The Istanbul Justice Palace () is a courthouse in the Kağıthane district of Istanbul, Turkey Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Th ...

* Istanbul Sapphire * Mısır Apartment * Sabancı Center *

Süleymaniye Hamam The Süleymaniye Hamam is a historic Turkish bath (''hamam'') in Istanbul, Turkey, that forms part of the Süleymaniye Mosque complex. The building, on a hill facing the Golden Horn, was built in 1557 by Turkish architect, Mimar Sinan, and was na ...

World Trade Center Istanbul World Trade Center Istanbul (WTCI) (, İDTM) is a service company established in 1982 and based in Yeşilköy, Istanbul, Turkey, which, to promote international commerce and world trade, provides commercial information and market research services ...

Zorlu Center Zorlu Center is a mixed-use high-rise building complex in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey containing an upscale shopping mall, a five-star Raffles hotel and a Cinemaximum megaplex, as well as residences and offices. It is home to Zor ...

Streets in Istanbul

Abdi İpekçi Street Abdi İpekçi Street or Abdi İpekçi Avenue () is one of the premier shopping streets of Istanbul, Turkey, located in the Şişli district. It runs along the Maçka and Teşvikiye neighborhoods, extending from Bayıldım Caddesi/Maçka Caddesi ...

Bağdat Avenue Bağdat Avenue () is one of the most important high streets on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, Turkey. It runs approximately from Maltepe, Istanbul, Maltepe in the east to Kadıköy in the west, almost paralleling the coastline of the Sea of Ma ...

Bankalar Caddesi Bankalar Caddesi (''Banks Street''), also known as Voyvoda Caddesi (''Voivode Street''), in the historic Galata quarter (present-day Karaköy) of the Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul, Turkey, was the financial centre of the late Ottoman Empi ...

Barbaros Boulevard The Barbaros Boulevard () is a -long major street in the Beşiktaş district on the European side of Istanbul, Turkey. It runs in a straight line in south–north direction from Beşiktaş Square over Yıldız up to Zincirlikuyu, where it passes ...

Büyükdere Avenue Büyükdere Avenue () is a major avenue which runs through the districts of Şişli (Esentepe quarter), Beşiktaş (Levent quarter) and Sarıyer (Maslak quarter) on the European side of Istanbul, Turkey. It begins at Şişli Mosque and runs in ...

İstiklal Avenue İstiklal Avenue () is a 1.4 kilometre (0.87 mi) pedestrian street in the historic Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of the most famous avenues in the city. It acquired its modern name after the declaration of the Repub ...

Kennedy Avenue Kennedy Avenue () is a avenue in Istanbul, Turkey that travels southwest from Sirkeci district to Bakırköy District and most importantly to the Atatürk Airport. The avenue is named for the 35th U.S. President, John F. Kennedy. Route The cour ...

Soğukçeşme Sokağı Soğukçeşme Sokağı (literally: Street of the Cold Fountain) is a small street with historic houses in the Sultanahmet, Fatih, Sultanahmet neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey, sandwiched in-between the Hagia Sophia and Topkapı Palace. The pedest ...

Theatres in Istanbul

Bahçeşehir Muhsin Ertuğrul Theatre Bahçeşehir Muhsin Ertuğrul Theatre () is a theatre venue located in Bahçeşehir quarter of Başakşehir district in Istanbul, Turkey. It is owned and operated by Başakşehir Municipality. The theatre is named in honor of the Turkish stage ...

Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre The Cemil Topuzlu Open-Air Theatre (, also called simply ''Açıkhava Tiyatrosu'') is a contemporary amphitheatre located at Harbiye neighborhood of Şişli district in Istanbul, Turkey. It is situated across from the Istanbul Lütfi Kırdar C ...

Istanbul City Theatres Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality City Theatre ( Turkish: ''Istanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi Şehir Tiyatroları''; Ottoman Turkish: Darülbedayi) The theater was founded in 1934 in the Ottoman Empire period (1914) as Dârülbedayi. It was a t ...

Kadıköy Haldun Taner Stage Kadıköy Haldun Taner Stage () is a theatre venue located in Kadıköy district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is owned by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality and operated by its City Theatres (''Şehir Tiyatroları'') division. The theatre is named in h ...

Naum Theatre The Naum Theatre, named after its owners Michel Naum and Joseph Naum of Levantine Catholic background, was a theatre and opera house on İstiklal Avenue in the Beyoğlu (formerly Pera) district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was opened in 1844 and remai ...

Sabancı Performing Arts Center Sabancı Performing Arts Center () is the performing arts center and conference hall of Sabancı University in Tuzla district of Istanbul, Turkey. The late Sakıp Sabancı Sakıp Sabancı (7 April 1933 – 10 April 2004) was a Turkish business ...

Towers in Istanbul

Towers in Istanbul A tower is a tall structure, taller than it is wide, often by a significant factor. Towers are distinguished from masts by their lack of guy-wires and are therefore, along with tall buildings, self-supporting structures. Towers are specifica ...

Beyazıt Tower Beyazıt Tower, also named Seraskier Tower, from the name of the Serasker, Ottoman ministry of War, is an fire-watch tower located in the courtyard of Istanbul University's main campus (formerly Ottoman Ministry of War) on Beyazıt Square (known ...

Çamlıca TRT Television Tower Çamlıca TRT Television Tower () was a communications tower in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey, which was owned and operated by the state-owned Turkish Radio and Television Corporation The Turkish Radio and Television Corporat ...

Çamlıca Tower Küçük Çamlıca TV & Radio Tower (), or simply Çamlıca Tower, () is a telecommunications tower with observation decks and restaurants on Little Çamlıca Hill in Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey. The total height of the tower is , ...

Dolmabahçe Clock Tower Dolmabahçe Clock Tower () is a clock tower situated outside Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul, Turkey. Its construction was ordered by Ottoman sultan Abdülhamid II (1842–1918) and designed by the court architect Sarkis Balyan between 1890 and ...

Etfal Hospital Clock Tower Etfal Hospital Clock Tower, or Children's Hospital Clock Tower (), is a clock tower situated in the garden of the Hamidiye Etfal Hospital (now Şişli Etfal Hospital) in the Şişli district of Istanbul, Turkey at the European side of Bosphorus. It ...

Galata Tower The Galata Tower (), officially the Galata Tower Museum (), is a medieval Genoese tower in the Galata part of the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey. Built as a watchtower at the highest point of the mostly demolished Walls of Galata, the t ...

Nusretiye Clock Tower Nusretiye Clock Tower, aka Tophane Clock Tower, is a clock tower situated at Tophane, a neighborhood in Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, Turkey, next to Nusretiye Mosque and Tophane Kiosk at the European waterfront of Bosphorus. It was ordered by t ...

Yıldız Clock Tower Yıldız Clock Tower (), is a clock tower situated next to the courtyard of the Yıldız Hamidiye Mosque, in Yıldız neighborhood of Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey at the European side of Bosphorus. History The tower was ordered by the ...

Demographics of Istanbul

Government and politics of Istanbul

Politics of Istanbul *

Mayor of Istanbul The mayor of Istanbul is the head of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. The mayor is elected popularly every five years. Nuri Aslan has served as interim mayor of Istanbul since 26 March 2025. This article covers the Ottoman Empire to the ...

* International relations of Istanbul ** Twin towns and sister cities of Istanbul

Law and order in Istanbul

* Law enforcement in Istanbul **

Turkish National Police The General Directorate of Security (, EGM), or the Turkish National Police, is the national civil police of Turkey primarily responsible for law enforcement in urban areas, whilst rural policing falls under the jurisdiction of the Gendarmerie G ...

*** Istanbul Chief of Police

History of Istanbul

History of Istanbul Neolithic artifacts, uncovered by archeologists at the beginning of the 21st century, indicate that Istanbul's historic peninsula was settled as far back as the 6th millennium BCE. That early settlement, important in the spread of the Neolithi ...

History of Istanbul, by period or event

Timeline of Istanbul The following is a timeline of the history of the town of Istanbul, Turkey. Prior to 4th century * 1000 BCE - Thracian tribes founded the settlements of Lygos and Semistra. * 657 BCE – Byzantium founded by Greeks. * 513 BCE – City taken b ...

* Prehistory and origin of Istanbul *

Byzantium Byzantium () or Byzantion () was an ancient Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity and Istanbul today. The Greek name ''Byzantion'' and its Latinization ''Byzantium'' continued to be used as a n ...

** The history of the city proper begins when Greek settlers from

Megara Megara (; , ) is a historic town and a municipality in West Attica, Greece. It lies in the northern section of the Isthmus of Corinth opposite the island of Salamis Island, Salamis, which belonged to Megara in archaic times, before being taken ...

establish Byzantium on the European side of the Bosphorus (660 BC) ** Byzantium officially becomes a part of the

Roman Empire The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ...

(73 AD)

Constantinople Constantinople (#Names of Constantinople, see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman Empire, Roman, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine, Latin Empire, Latin, and Ottoman Empire, Ottoman empire ...

** Foundation of Constantinople (324) *** Constantinople is reinaugurated in 324 from ancient Byzantium by Emperor

Constantine the Great Constantine I (27 February 27222 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was a Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337 and the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. He played a Constantine the Great and Christianity, pivotal ro ...

, after whom it was named, and becomes the capital of the

(11 May 330) **

Fall of Constantinople The Fall of Constantinople, also known as the Conquest of Constantinople, was the capture of Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire by the Ottoman Empire. The city was captured on 29 May 1453 as part of the culmination of a 55-da ...

(1453) ***

Mehmed the Conqueror Mehmed II (; , ; 30 March 14323 May 1481), commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror (; ), was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481. In Mehmed II's first reign, ...

captures Constantinople and declares it the new capital of the

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Centr ...

(29 May 1453) ** Constantinople during the Ottoman era (1453–1922) ***

Suleiman the Magnificent Suleiman I (; , ; 6 November 14946 September 1566), commonly known as Suleiman the Magnificent in the Western world and as Suleiman the Lawgiver () in his own realm, was the List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire, Ottoman sultan between 1520 a ...

's reign from 1520 to 1566 is a period of great artistic and architectural achievements ** Constantinople during

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

***

Occupation of Istanbul The occupation of Istanbul () or occupation of Constantinople (12 November 1918 – 4 October 1923), the capital of the Ottoman Empire, by United Kingdom, British, France, French, Italy, Italian, and Greece, Greek forces, took place in accordan ...

by Allied forces (13 November 1918 – 4 October 1923) * Modern Istanbul (1923–present) ** Turkish forces enter the city in a ceremony which marks the 'Liberation Day of Istanbul' (6 October 1923) ** The capital is moved from Istanbul to Ankara (1923) ** The international name Constantinople remains in use until Turkey adapts the Latin alphabet (1928)

History of Istanbul, by subject

Battle of Constantinople (378) The Battle of Constantinople was a Gothic attack on Constantinople in 378 following the Gothic victory at the Battle of Adrianople. The emperor Valens's widow prepared the defence, and also reinforced the city with Arab warriors, who performed e ...

Istanbul pogrom The Istanbul pogrom, also known as the Istanbul riots, were a series of state-sponsored anti-Greek mob attacks directed primarily at Istanbul's Greek minority on 6–7 September 1955. The pogrom was orchestrated by the governing Democrat ...

Culture of Istanbul

Culture of Istanbul

Arts in Istanbul

Architecture of Istanbul

Architecture of Istanbul * Buildings in Istanbul ** Byzantine monuments in Istanbul ** Tallest buildings in Istanbul

Music of Istanbul

* Music festivals and competitions in Istanbul **

Istanbul International Jazz Festival The Istanbul Jazz Festival, formerly Istanbul Festival, () is a cultural event held every July in Istanbul, Turkey. It offers a selection of jazz music performances with the participations of famous artists from all over the world. The festival wa ...

Istanbul International Music Festival The Istanbul International Music Festival, formerly Istanbul Festival, () is a cultural event held every June and July in Istanbul, Turkey. It offers a selection of European classical music, ballet, opera and traditional music performances with the ...

* Music schools in Istanbul **

Istanbul University State Conservatory The Istanbul University State Conservatory (Turkish language, Turkish: ''İstanbul Üniversitesi Devlet Konservatuarı'') is a Public university, public Music school, conservatory affiliated with Istanbul University, specializing in music, theatre, ...

* Music venues in Istanbul **

Cemal Reşit Rey Concert Hall The Cemal Reşit Rey Concert Hall () is a concert hall located in the Harbiye neighbourhood of Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of the country's major concert halls, being the first one designed for classical music. Named after the Turkish composer C ...

Süreyya Opera House Süreyya Opera House, also called Süreyya Cultural Center (), is an opera house, opera hall located at Gen. Asım Gündüz Avenue No: 29, in the Bahariye quarter of the Kadıköy district in Istanbul, Turkey. The building was designed by Armenian ...

Zorlu PSM Zorlu PSM ( Turkish: ''Zorlu Performans Sanatları Merkezi'', English: ''Zorlu Performing Arts Center'') inside Zorlu Center in Istanbul, is currently the largest dedicated performing arts theatre and concert hall in Turkey. It is in the Beşi ...

* Musical ensembles in Istanbul **

Borusan Istanbul Philharmonic Orchestra The Borusan Istanbul Philharmonic Orchestra (), also known as the BIPO, is a Turkish orchestra based in Istanbul that was formed by enlarging the Borusan Chamber Orchestra in 1999. It is funded by the Borusan Holding. History The Borusan Istan ...

Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra The Istanbul State Symphony Orchestra ( or İDSO) is a Turkish symphony orchestra based in Istanbul. Founded in 1945 as the Istanbul Municipality City Orchestra, its first principal conductor was Cemal Reşit Rey and Dr.Mehmet Muvaffak Goren. In ...

* Musicians from Istanbul **

Necil Kazım Akses Necil Kazım Akses (6 May 1908 – 16 February 1999) was a Turkish classical composer. Life Akses studied music and composition at the Musikakademie in Vienna with Joseph Marx and at the Prague Conservatory in Prague with Josef Suk and Aloi ...

Hasan Ferit Alnar Hasan Ferid Alnar (11 March 1906 – 30 July 1978) was a Turkish classical music composer. He was a member of the Turkish Five, in the first half of the 20th century. Alnar is known for his efforts for harmonization of classical Turkish music ...

Ulvi Cemal Erkin Ulvi Cemal Erkin () (March 14, 1906 – September 15, 1972) was a member of the pioneer group of symphonic composers in Turkey, born in the period 1904–1910, who later came to be called The Turkish Five. These composers set out the direction o ...

* Songs about Istanbul **

Istanbul (Not Constantinople) "Istanbul (Not Constantinople)" is a 1953 novelty song, with lyrics by Jimmy Kennedy and music by Nat Simon. It was written on the 500th anniversary of the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire, Ottomans. The lyrics humorously refer to th ...

Visual arts of Istanbul

2018-04-28 Turkish baklava in Australian turkish cafe

Art in Istanbul * Istanbul in art / Paintings of Istanbul * Public art in Istanbul ** ''

Akdeniz Akdeniz is a municipality and district of Mersin Province, Turkey. Its area is 265 km2, and its population is 255,946 (2022). It covers the central and eastern part of the city of Mersin and the adjacent countryside. History The municipal ...

'' ** '' The Feeler'' ** '' Statue of Peace'' Cuisine of Istanbul *

Baklava Baklava (, or ; ) is a layered pastry dessert made of filo pastry, filled with chopped nuts, and sweetened with syrup or honey. It was one of the most popular sweet pastries of Ottoman cuisine. There are several theories for the origin of th ...

Events in Istanbul *

Istanbul Biennial The Istanbul Biennial is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially in Istanbul, Turkey, since 1987. The Biennial has been organised by the Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts (IKSV) since its inception. Istanbul Biennial p ...

Festivals in Istanbul *

International Istanbul Film Festival The Istanbul Film Festival () is the first and oldest international film festival in Turkey, organised by the Istanbul Foundation for Culture and Arts. It is held every year in April in movie theaters in Istanbul, Turkey. As mentioned in its re ...

Languages of Istanbul *

Turkish Turkish may refer to: * Something related to Turkey ** Turkish language *** Turkish alphabet ** Turkish people, a Turkic ethnic group and nation *** Turkish citizen, a citizen of Turkey *** Turkish communities in the former Ottoman Empire * The w ...

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

Media in Istanbul * Newspapers in Istanbul **''

Hürriyet ''Hürriyet'' (, ''Liberty'') is a major List of newspapers in Turkey, Turkish newspaper, founded in 1948. it had the highest circulation of any newspaper in Turkey at around 319,000. ''Hürriyet'' combines entertainment with news coverage and ...

'' **'' Posta'' * Radio and television in Istanbul **

Turkish Radio and Television Corporation The Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT; Turkish: ) is the national public broadcasting, public broadcaster of Turkey, founded in 1964. TRT was for many years the only television and radio broadcaster in Turkey. Before the introductio ...

People from Istanbul The term "the people" refers to the public or common mass of people of a polity. As such it is a concept of human rights law, international law as well as constitutional law, particularly used for claims of popular sovereignty. In contrast, a ...

Cornelius Castoriadis Cornelius Castoriadis (; 11 March 1922 – 26 December 1997) was a Greeks in France, Greek-FrenchMemos 2014, p. 18: "he was ... granted full French citizenship in 1970." philosopher, sociologist, social critic, economist, psychoanalyst, au ...

Bülent Ecevit Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (; 28 May 1925 – 5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, statesman, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist. He served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He served as prime minister in 197 ...

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician who is the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014. He previously served as the 25th prime minister of Turkey, prime minister from 2003 to 2014 as part of the Jus ...

Fahri Korutürk Fahri Sabit Korutürk (15 August 1903 – 12 October 1987) was a Turkish people, Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was the sixth president of Turkey from 1973 to 1980. Before his presidency, he served as the List of commanders of the ...

Mike Lazaridis Mihal "Mike" Lazaridis (born March 14, 1961) is a Greek Canadian businessman, investor in quantum computing technologies, and co-founder of Research In Motion, which created and manufactured the BlackBerry wireless handheld device. In November 2 ...

Orhan Pamuk Ferit Orhan Pamuk (born 7 June 1952; ) is a Turkish novelist, screenwriter, academic, and recipient of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Literature. One of Turkey's most prominent novelists, he has sold over 13 million books in 63 languages, making him ...

Nicola Rossi-Lemeni Nicola Rossi-LemeniHis father's last name was Rossi, but his mother wanted her family name added, "Rossi Lemeni" (without a hyphen). However, many publications and recordings hyphenate the name. (November 6, 1920 – March 12, 1991), was a ...

Religion in Istanbul

Religion in Istanbul Religion in Istanbul covers the issue of religion in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. More than 90% of Istanbul's population are Sunni Muslims and Alevism forms the second biggest religious group. A 2019 survey study by KONDA that examined the r ...

Sports in Istanbul

Sports in Istanbul * Football in Istanbul ** Association football in Istanbul ***

Süper Lig The Süper Lig (, ''Super League''), also known as Trendyol Süper Lig for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Turkey and the highest level of the Turkish football league system. In the 2023–2024 season, twen ...

****

Beşiktaş J.K. Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (, ), abbreviated as BJK, is a Turkish professional sports club founded in 1903 that is based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul. The club's football team is one of the Big Three in Turkey and one of the most ...

****

İstanbul Başakşehir F.K. İstanbul Başakşehir Futbol Kulübü (), commonly referred to as Başakşehir or, due to sponsorship reasons, Rams Başakşehir, is a professional football club based in the Başakşehir district of Istanbul, Turkey. Known for its vibrant ora ...

* Basketball in Istanbul **

Basketball Super League Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appro ...

***

Anadolu Efes S.K. Anadolu Efes Spor Kulübü, commonly referred to as Anadolu Efes or simply Efes, is a Turkish professional basketball team based in Istanbul. Founded in 1976, the club was formerly known as Efes Pilsen until 2011. Efes is the 2021–22 Euroleagu ...

*** Fenerbahçe Basketball * Sports events in Istanbul **

Bosphorus Cup (figure skating) The Bosphorus Cup (formerly called the Istanbul Cup) is an international figure skating competition held in December in Istanbul, Turkey. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance at the senior, junior, and novice lev ...

Istanbul Marathon The Istanbul Marathon (, also known as Türkiye İş Bankası Istanbul Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is an international athletics event hosted in Istanbul, Turkey, in November, first held in 1979. It is the only marathon in the world who ...

Istanbul Open The Istanbul Open (also known as the TEB BNP Paribas Istanbul Open for sponsorship purposes) was a men's tennis event on the ATP Tour held in the Turkish city of Istanbul. From 2015 to 2018, it was part of the ATP 250 Series. The tournament was p ...

Sports venues in Istanbul Sport is a physical activity or game, often competitive and organized, that maintains or improves physical ability and skills. Sport may provide enjoyment to participants and entertainment to spectators. The number of participants in a par ...

Ataköy Athletics Arena Ataköy Athletics Arena () is an indoor arena, indoor sporting arena for track and field, track and field athletics events located in Ataköy, Bakırköy, Ataköy, Istanbul, Turkey. Construction The venue was built for the 2012 IAAF World Indoo ...

Atatürk Olympic Stadium The Atatürk Olympic Stadium (, ) is a stadium in Istanbul, Turkey. Located in the western district of Başakşehir, it is the largest-capacity stadium in the country. The stadium is named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first Pre ...

BJK Akatlar Arena Akatlar Arena is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in Akatlar, Istanbul, Turkey. The arena is the home court of Beşiktaş men's basketball team, Beşiktaş J.K.; it also serves the volleyball team. It is also suitable to host other events, su ...

Istanbul Park Istanbul Park (), also known as the TOSFED İstanbul Park, is a motor sports race track in the Tuzla, Istanbul, Tuzla district of Istanbul, Turkey. Designed by Hermann Tilke, it opened on 19–21 August 2005. It has been called "the best race ...

** Nef Stadium **

Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium The Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium (), known for sponsorship reasons as Ülker Stadium Fenerbahçe Şükrü Saracoğlu Sports Complex (), or simply Ülker Stadium, is a football stadium located in the Kadıköy district of Istanbul Istanbu ...

Ülker Sports and Event Hall Fenerbahçe Ülker Sports and Event Hall () is a multi-purpose arena, indoor arena that is located in Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey. The arena is owned and operated by Fenerbahçe S.K. The arena has a capacity of 15,000 people for concerts and 13,0 ...

Veliefendi Race Course Veliefendi Race Course () is a horse racing track located at Veliefendi neighborhood in Bakırköy district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is the country's oldest and biggest race course founded on a former grassland that was historically a farm belon ...

Vodafone Park Vodafone Group Public Limited Company () is a British multinational telecommunications company. Its registered office and global headquarters are in Newbury, Berkshire, England. It predominantly operates services in Asia, Africa, Europe, and ...

Economy and infrastructure of Istanbul

Economy of Istanbul An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with ...

* Business districts in Istanbul **

Levent Levent is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Beşiktaş, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,911 (2022). It is one of the main business districts of Istanbul located on the European side of the city. It is situated ...

Maslak Maslak is a neighbourhood in Sarıyer, Istanbul Province, in Turkey. Its population is 12,260 (2022). It is one of the main business districts of Istanbul, located on the European side of the city. It was formerly an exclave of the municipa ...

* Companies in Istanbul **

Goldaş Goldaş or Goldaş Jewellery is a Turkish jewellery fabricator and retail sales company. Goldaş markets its product offerings under multiple brand names, including Goldas, Assortie, SilverD’sign, WeddingD’sign, Danthel, Chip Gold, and Chip Si ...

Koç Holding Koç Holding A.Ş. () is a Turkish multinational industrial conglomerate headquartered in Istanbul, Turkey. It operates as the country's largest company, and the only to be listed on the Fortune Global 500 as of 2024. Koç Holding's contributio ...

Petrol Ofisi Petrol Ofisi A.Ş. is a fuel products distribution and lubricants company in Turkey. It is owned by the Dutch Vitol Group. Vitol completed its acquisition of Petrol Ofisi from OMV AG in June 2017. Petrol Ofisi had 1,900 fuel stations in 2022 in ...

* Financial services in Istanbul **

Akbank Akbank T.A.Ş. is one of the largest banks in Turkey. Founded in 1948, , Akbank reported a consolidated net profit of TL 60 billion 26 million. Listed on the Borsa Istanbul, its largest shareholders are members of the Sabancı family. Akbank s ...

Borsa Istanbul The Borsa İstanbul (abbreviated as BIST) is the sole exchange entity of Turkey combining the former Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) (), the Istanbul Gold Exchange () and the Derivatives Exchange of Turkey () under one umbrella. It was establishe ...

* Hotels and resorts in Istanbul **

Çırağan Palace Çırağan Palace (), a former Ottoman palace, is now a five-star hotel in the Kempinski Hotels chain. It is located on the European shore of the Bosporus, between Beşiktaş and Ortaköy in Istanbul, Turkey. The Sultan Suite, billed at pe ...

Divan Istanbul The Divan Istanbul () is a five star hotel in Istanbul, Turkey. It is located next to Taksim Gezi Park in Elmadağ, Şişli, in walking distance from Taksim Square. Opened in 1956, it is the flagship of the Divan Group hotel chain.Koç Hold ...

Hilton Istanbul Bosphorus The Hilton Istanbul Bosphorus () is a five-star hotel in Istanbul, Turkey. Designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, it opened in 1955 as the Istanbul Hilton and is the longest operating Hilton Hotel outside the United States. Project On Decemb ...

Hotel Yeşil Ev The Hagia Sofia Mansions Istanbul, Curio Collection by Hilton, previously known as Hotel Yeşil Ev, (literally: Hotel Green House) is a historic wooden mansion, located in the Sultanahmet, Fatih, Sultanahmet neighborhood of Istanbul, Turkey, whic ...

Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han The Istanbul 4th Vakıf Han is a historical large office building located in the Sirkeci neighbourhood of the Eminönü quarter within the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey. It is owned by the Foundations Administration (). Currently, it is use ...

Pera Palace Hotel The Pera Palace Hotel () is a historic special category hotel and museum hotel located in the Beyoğlu (Pera) district in Istanbul, Turkey. It was built in 1892 for the purpose of hosting the passengers of the Orient Express and was named aft ...

Raffles Istanbul Raffles Istanbul is a 5-star hotel in Istanbul that is managed by Raffles Hotels & Resorts. The hotel opened on September 1, 2014. Designed by Emre Arolat & Tabanlıoğlu Architecture, the hotel has a height of , making it one of Istanbul’s mos ...

* Restaurants and cafés in Istanbul **

Changa Changa may refer to: *Changa (restaurant), a restaurant in Istanbul, Turkey *Changa, Anand, a village in Gujarat, India *Changa, Leh, a village in Jammu and Kashmir, India *Changa, Pakistan, a town in Pakistan *Changa tuki a life-style including ...

** Hünkar ** Ismet Baba Fish Restaurant **

Mikla Mikla is a contemporary restaurant in Istanbul, known for its "New Anatolian Kitchens". Opened in October 2005, Mikla is on the top two floors of The Marmara Pera Hotel located in the historical Pera region, with its view of Istanbul. The restau ...

* Shopping malls and markets in Istanbul **

Shopping malls in Istanbul Shopping is an activity in which a customer browses the available goods or services presented by one or more retailers with the potential intent to purchase a suitable selection of them. A typology of shopper types has been developed by scho ...

** Grand Bazaar ** Mahmutpasha Bazaar **

Spice Bazaar The Spice Bazaar (, meaning "Egyptian Bazaar") in Istanbul, Turkey, is one of the largest bazaars in the city. Located in the Eminönü quarter of the Fatih district, it is the most famous covered shopping complex after the Grand Bazaar. Histor ...

Tourism in Istanbul Tourism is travel for pleasure, and the commercial activity of providing and supporting such travel. UN Tourism defines tourism more generally, in terms which go "beyond the common perception of tourism as being limited to holiday activity onl ...

** Tourist attractions in Istanbul *** Grand Bazaar ***

* Utilities in Istanbul **

Silahtarağa Power Station The Silahtarağa Power Station () was a coal-fired generating station located in Istanbul Turkey. The Ottoman Empire's first urban-scaled power plant, it was in use from 1914 to 1983. The site has since been converted into a university campus f ...

Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul Water supply and sanitation in Istanbul is stressed by the expansion of the city. It is the responsibility of the public utility ISKI (''Istanbul Su ve Kanalizasyon Idaresi'') created in 1981. Water sources Nearly all of Istanbul's drinking water ...

Transportation in Istanbul

Public transport in Istanbul Public transport in Istanbul comprises a bus network, various Rail transport, rail systems, funiculars, and sea, maritime services to serve the more than 15 million inhabitants of the city spread over an area of . History Public road transpor ...

* Air transport in Istanbul ** Airports in Istanbul ***

Atatürk Airport Atatürk Airport is an airport currently in use for private jets. It used to be the primary international airport of Istanbul and the hub of Turkish Airlines until it was closed to commercial aviation, commercial passenger flights on 6 April ...

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Istanbul Airport Istanbul Airport is the larger of two international airports serving Istanbul, Turkey. It is located in the Arnavutköy district on the European side of the city. It is the largest airport in Turkey, the largest privately-owned airport in the ...

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Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport Istanbul is the List of largest cities and towns in Turkey, largest city in Turkey, constituting the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With Demographics of Istanbul, a population over , it is home to 18% of the Demographics ...

* Cable transport in Istanbul **

Eyüp Gondola The Eyüp Gondola, a.k.a. Eyüp–Piyerloti Aerial Cable Car, () is a two-station gondola-type line of aerial lift passenger transport system located in Eyüp district of Istanbul, Turkey. Opened on November 30, 2005, the long line serves the Pi ...

Maçka Gondola The Maçka Gondola, aka Maçka – Taşkışla Aerial Cable Car, () is a two-station gondola lift, gondola-type line of aerial lift passenger transport system situated in Şişli district of Istanbul, Turkey. Opened on April 11, 1993, the long l ...

* Maritime transport in Istanbul **

Ferries in Istanbul Ferries in Istanbul are a mode of public transportation within and surrounding the city of Istanbul, Turkey. There are three major ferry operators in the city: the municipally owned Şehir Hatları ("City Lines"), which operates traditional ''vap ...

*** Ferry quays in İstanbul **

Port of Istanbul The Port of Istanbul is a passenger terminal for cruise liners, which is situated in the Karaköy neighborhood of the Beyoğlu district in Istanbul, Turkey. It consists of two adjoining piers, the Galata Pier and the Salıpazarı Pier, extendin ...

Port of Haydarpaşa The Port of Haydarpaşa, also known as the Port of Haidar Pasha () or the Port of Istanbul, is a general cargo seaport, ro-ro and container terminal, situated in Haydarpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey at the southern entrance to the Bosphorus, near Hayd ...

* Road transport in Istanbul ** Busses in Istanbul ***

Metrobus Metrobus may refer to: Transport services Bus Rapid Transit *MetroBus (Bristol), a bus rapid transit system in Bristol, England, United Kingdom *Metrobus (Buenos Aires), a bus rapid transit system in Buenos Aires, Argentina *Metrobus (Istanbul), a ...

** Roads in Istanbul ***

Otoyol 1 Otoyol 1 (), abbreviated as O-1 and locally referred to as The First Beltway (), is a controlled access highway in Istanbul, Turkey. The O-1 serves as the inner beltway and is one of three intercontinental motorways in the city, the others being t ...

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Otoyol 2 Otoyol 2 (), abbreviated as O-2, locally referred to as 2.Çevreyolu, TEM yolu or TEM in Turkish—which refers to Trans-European Motorway (), is a motorway in Istanbul, Turkey that forms the outer ring road of the city connecting European and ...

** Tunnels ***

Eurasia Tunnel The Eurasia Tunnel () is a road tunnel in Istanbul, Turkey, crossing underneath the Bosphorus Strait. The tunnel was officially opened on 20 December 2016 and opened to traffic on 22 December 2016. The double-deck tunnel connects Kumkapı o ...

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Great Istanbul Tunnel The Great Istanbul Tunnel () is an under-construction multi-use highway and railway undersea tunnel in Istanbul, Turkey to cross the Bosphorus strait connecting the Europe side and Asia side. It will be the third and the longest tunnel crossing t ...

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Marmaray Tunnel The Marmaray Tunnel () is a long undersea railway tunnel in Istanbul, Turkey, beneath the Bosporus strait, linking Kazlıçeşme, Zeytinburnu, Kazlıçeşme, Zeytinburnu in Europe with Ayrılıkçeşmesi, Kadıköy, Ayrılıkçeşmesi in Asia. ...

Rail transport in Istanbul

Nostalgic tram on Istiklal Avenue in Istanbul

* Commuter rail lines **

Marmaray Marmaray () is a commuter rail line located in Istanbul, Turkey. The line runs from Halkalı, on the European side, to Gebze, on the Asian side, along the north shore of the Sea of Marmara. Mostly using the right-of-way of two existing com ...

Istanbul Metro The Istanbul Metro () is a rapid transit railway network that serves the city of Istanbul, Turkey. Apart from the M11 line, which is operated by TCDD Taşımacılık, the system is operated by Metro Istanbul, a public enterprise controlled by th ...

** Lines *** Istanbul M1 Line Symbol

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Stations Station may refer to: Agriculture * Station (Australian agriculture), a large Australian landholding used for livestock production * Station (New Zealand agriculture), a large New Zealand farm used for grazing by sheep and cattle ** Cattle stat ...

Funicular railway A funicular ( ) is a type of cable railway system that connects points along a railway track laid on a steep slope. The system is characterized by two counterbalanced carriages (also called cars or trains) permanently attached to opposite ends ...

F1 Taksim–Kabataş funicular line The F1 Taksim–Kabataş funicular line () is an underground funicular in Istanbul, Turkey. It serves the F1 line of the Istanbul metro, which connects the hubs at Taksim Square and Kabataş, Istanbul. Overview The funicular was built by the D ...

** F2 Tünel ** F3 Vadistanbul-Seyrantepe funicular line ** F4 Boğaziçi Üni./Hisarüstü–Aşiyan funicular line * Railway stations in Istanbul **

Haydarpaşa railway station Haydarpaşa station () is a railway station in Istanbul, that was, until 2012 the main city terminal for trains travelling to and from the Anatolian side of Turkey. It used to be Turkey's busiest railway station. (Its counterpart on the European ...

Sirkeci railway station Sirkeci railway station (), listed on maps as Istanbul railway station (), is a railway terminal in Istanbul, Turkey. The terminal is located in Sirkeci, on the tip of Istanbul's historic peninsula, right next to the Golden Horn and just nor ...

Trams in Istanbul The former capital of the Ottoman Empire, Istanbul, was once served on both its Asian and European sides by a large network of trams in Istanbul. Its first-generation tram network first operated as a horse tram system starting in 1871, and was ...

Istanbul nostalgic tramways The Istanbul nostalgic tramways are two heritage streetcar, heritage tramlines in the city of Istanbul, Turkey. The city has two completely separate heritage tram systems, one on the European side (the Taksim-Tünel Nostalgia Tramway, aka. T2 lin ...

Istanbul Tram The Istanbul Tram () is a modern tram system on the European side of Istanbul. The first section, the T1 (Istanbul Tram), T1 opened in 1992, followed by the T2, which opened in 2006. In 2011, the T1 and T2 merged, with the line retaining the T1 ...

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T1 (Istanbul Tram) The T1, officially referred to as the T1 Kabataş–Bağcılar tram line () is a tram line of the Istanbul Tram, operated by Metro Istanbul. It runs from Kabataş to Bağcılar via Eminönü, with a total length of . History The first section ...

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T4 (Istanbul Tram) T4 Topkapı - Mescid-i Selam tram line () is a light rail line in Istanbul, Turkey, operated by ''Istanbul Ulaşım AŞ''. It runs from Topkapı north to Mescid-i Selam, a total of . The T4 line operates its own right-of-way in a street median ...

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T5 (Istanbul Tram) The T5 Eminönü–Alibeyköy Coach Station tram line () is a tram line following the coastline of the Golden Horn on the European side of Istanbul, Turkey. Construction of the line began in 2016. The first section consisting of 12 stations betw ...

Education in Istanbul

Main entrance gate of Istanbul University

Education in Istanbul Education is the transmission of knowledge and skills and the development of character traits. Formal education occurs within a structured institutional framework, such as public schools, following a curriculum. Non-formal education also fol ...

Libraries in Istanbul A library is a collection of books, and possibly other materials and media, that is accessible for use by its members and members of allied institutions. Libraries provide physical (hard copies) or digital (soft copies) materials, and may be a p ...

Universities and colleges in Istanbul A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Univ ...

Boğaziçi University Boğaziçi University (Turkish language, Turkish: ''Boğaziçi Üniversitesi''), also known as Bosphorus University, is a Public university, public research university in Istanbul, Turkey, historically tied to a former American educational insti ...

** Istanbul Technical University ** Istanbul University ** Marmara University

Healthcare in Istanbul

* Hospitals in Istanbul ** Acıbadem Hospital ** Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital ** Balıklı Greek Hospital ** Italyan Hastanesi, Istanbul Italian Hospital ** Surp Agop Hospital ** Surp Pırgiç Armenian Hospital ** Taksim German Hospital

References

External links

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