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''The Tracey Ullman Show'' is an American television
sketch comedy Sketch comedy comprises a series of short, amusing scenes or vignettes, called "sketches" or, "skits", commonly between one and ten minutes long, performed by a group of comic actors or comedians. While the form developed and became popular in ...
variety show starring
Tracey Ullman Tracey Ullman (born Trace Ullman; 30 December 1959) is a British-American actress, singer, dancer, screenwriter, producer, and director. Despite being frequently referred to as a comedian, Ullman considers herself a character actress. Critics h ...
. It debuted on
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on April 5, 1987, as the network's second original primetime series, following '' Married... with Children'', and ran for four seasons and 81 episodes until May 26, 1990. It was produced by
Gracie Films Gracie Films is an American film and television production company founded by James L. Brooks on January 4, 1986. The company is primarily known for producing its long-running flagship animated series ''The Simpsons''. The company's headquarter ...
in association with
20th Century Fox Television 20th Television, Inc. (formerly known as TCF Television Productions, Inc., 20th Century-Fox Television and 20th Century Fox Television) is the television studio arm of 20th Century Studios, owned by Disney Television Studios, a division of the Di ...
. The show blends
sketch comedy Sketch comedy comprises a series of short, amusing scenes or vignettes, called "sketches" or, "skits", commonly between one and ten minutes long, performed by a group of comic actors or comedians. While the form developed and became popular in ...
with
musical numbers In music, number refers to an individual song, dance, or instrumental piece which is part of a larger work of musical theatre, opera, or oratorio. It can also refer either to an individual song in a published collection or an individual song or ...
and dance routines, choreographed by
Paula Abdul Paula Julie Abdul (born June 19, 1962) is an American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality. She began her career as a cheerleader for the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 and later became the head choreographe ...
, along with animated shorts. The show was conceived by executive producer,
James L. Brooks James Lawrence Brooks (born May 9, 1940) is an American director, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of Gracie Films. He co-created the sitcoms ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'', ''Taxi'', and ''The Simpsons'' and directed the films '' Terms of ...
. Brooks was determined to come up with a format that best suited his multitalented star. He likened the show to producing three television pilots a week. The show is responsible for producing a series of shorts featuring the
Simpson family The Simpson family are the titular main characters featured in the animated television series ''The Simpsons''. The Simpsons are a nuclear family consisting of married couple Homer and Marge and their three children, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. ...
, which were later spun-off into the longest-running American scripted primetime television series, ''
The Simpsons ''The Simpsons'' is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening and developed by Groening, James L. Brooks and Sam Simon for the Fox Broadcasting Company. It is a Satire (film and television), satirical depiction of American life ...
''. ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' was the first Fox primetime show to win an
Emmy Award The Emmy Awards, or Emmys, are an extensive range of awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. A number of annual Emmy Award ceremonies are held throughout the year, each with their own set of rules and award categor ...
, winning a total of 10 over the course of its run. Ullman was the first British woman to be offered her own television sketch show in the United States. ''
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. The magazine was first known fo ...
'' ranked ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' as the 25th-best sketch comedy show in its "40 Greatest Sketch-Comedy TV Shows of All Time" list.


Development

British actress, comedian, singer, and former dancer, Tracey Ullman, was encouraged to try breaking into American television by her husband, British television producer,
Allan McKeown Allan McKeown (born John McKeown; 21 May 1946 – 24 December 2013) was a British television, film, and stage producer. Early life McKeown was born in Ealing, London on 21 May 1946. His parents Edith Mabel (née Humphries) and Albert Victor McK ...
. McKeown was looking to station himself in the United States. Ullman, who was a household name in her native Britain, had already made the rounds in the United States promoting her film and music career in the early to mid 1980s. Unlike British audiences, Americans were unaware of her comedy background outside of her humorous appearances on ''
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson'' is an American television talk show broadcast by NBC. The show was the third installment of ''The Tonight Show''. Hosted by Johnny Carson, it aired from October 1, 1962 to May 22, 1992, replacing ''T ...
'' and ''
Late Night with David Letterman ''Late Night with David Letterman'' is an American television talk show broadcast by NBC. The show is the first installment of the '' Late Night''. Hosted by David Letterman, it aired from February1, 1982 to June 25, 1993, and was replaced by ...
''. She already had three successful British comedy television programs under her belt, garnering her awards and accolades. "I didn't believe there was anything above '' Webster'' standard
n America North America is a continent in the Northern and Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Caribbean Sea, and to the so ...
I was wrong." Her British agent put together a compilation tape of her work and began circulating it around Hollywood. It landed in the lap of Craig Kellem, vice president of comedy at
Universal Television Universal Television LLC (abbreviated as UTV) is an American television production company that is a division of NBCUniversal Television and Streaming#Universal Studio Group, Universal Studio Group, a division of NBCUniversal, which, in turn, is ...
. "I could not believe my eyes. It was just about the most extraordinary piece of material I'd seen in a long time." He wanted production on a series to begin immediately for her. ''
Saturday Night Live ''Saturday Night Live'' (''SNL'') is an American Late night television in the United States, late-night live television, live sketch comedy variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Michaels and Dick Ebersol that airs on NBC. The ...
'' scribe and creator of
CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS (an abbreviation of its original name, Columbia Broadcasting System), is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
's ''
Square Pegs ''Square Pegs'' is an American sitcom that aired on CBS during the 1982–83 season. The series follows Patty Greene ( Sarah Jessica Parker) and Lauren Hutchinson ( Amy Linker), two awkward teenage girls desperate to fit in at Weemawee High S ...
'',
Anne Beatts Anne Beatts (February 25, 1947 – April 7, 2021) was an American comedy writer. Early life Beatts was born in Buffalo, New York, to Sheila Elizabeth Jean (Sherriff-Scott) and Patrick Murray Threipland Beatts. She has described her parents as " ...
, was hired to write the pilot. While Universal liked the script, Ullman didn't appreciate the changes that senior executives wanted to make. Recalling the project: "We'd just hit on an idea, then some white-haired executive – very, very important – would come in from the racetrack and say, 'I don't like that idea. I think Tracey should be a caring person. I think there should be a kid in this. Now, I'm just pitching here. I don't know if this is funny. But I think Tracey should love this kid and maybe there's a moment where she tells the kid something about life.' And I'd say, 'Look – I don't want to work with little kids being cute who I eventually adopt.'" Ullman's new agent, Martha Luttrell, sent her tape to
James L. Brooks James Lawrence Brooks (born May 9, 1940) is an American director, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of Gracie Films. He co-created the sitcoms ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'', ''Taxi'', and ''The Simpsons'' and directed the films '' Terms of ...
, who had a deal at
Fox Foxes are small-to-medium-sized omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. They have a flattened skull; upright, triangular ears; a pointed, slightly upturned snout; and a long, bushy tail ("brush"). Twelve species ...
. Fox, dubbed America's "fourth network", was looking to create its own brand of original primetime programming. Brooks watched the tape in astonishment. "I saw original talent, and how often does that happen to you?" "I started showing er workto people like you'd show home movies." "I was just startled by the size of the talent. I got chills." Ullman explained her situation at CBS to him and also revealed that she was now pregnant. Brooks convinced her to get out of the CBS deal, and after she had her baby, they would do a show together. Brooks felt that a variety show would be the best (and the most obvious) format for her. "Why would you do something with Tracey playing a single character on TV when her talent requires variety? You can't categorize Tracey, so it's silly to come up with a show that attempted to," stated Brooks. "Variety hadn't been done for some time and we wanted to do a show that would allow me to do the things I like to do and can do," said Ullman in 1987. To ensure that she was well-versed in American comedy, Brooks began sending her tapes of American sitcoms and variety shows to watch and study. Ullman also began visiting and spending time at the
Museum of Television & Radio The Paley Center for Media, formerly the Museum of Television & Radio (MT&R) and the Museum of Broadcasting, founded in 1975 by William S. Paley, is an American cultural institution in New York City with a branch office in Los Angeles. It is de ...
. "After I made '' Plenty'', I thought it was sad that everyone left London to go home to Hollywood. Thought I'd join 'em. ..I thought of myself as a
Peter Sellers Peter Sellers (born Richard Henry Sellers; 8 September 1925 – 24 July 1980) was an English actor and comedian. He first came to prominence performing in the BBC Radio comedy series ''The Goon Show''. Sellers featured on a number of hit comi ...
-type. No one does American accents better than him. Look at ''
Dr. Strangelove ''Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb'' (known simply and more commonly as ''Dr. Strangelove'') is a 1964 political satire black comedy film co-written, produced, and directed by Stanley Kubrick. It is loosely ...
'' and ''
Lolita ''Lolita'' is a 1955 novel written by Russian-American novelist Vladimir Nabokov. The protagonist and narrator is a French literature professor who moves to New England and writes under the pseudonym Humbert Humbert. He details his obsession ...
''." As one critic noted, Sellers had American director
Stanley Kubrick Stanley Kubrick (; July 26, 1928 – March 7, 1999) was an American filmmaker and photographer. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, Stanley Kubrick filmography, his films were nearly all adaptations of novels or sho ...
as his visionary and Ullman would get American television and film director James L. Brooks, the man behind such hit television shows as ''
The Mary Tyler Moore Show ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (also known simply as ''Mary Tyler Moore'') is an American television sitcom created by James L. Brooks and Allan Burns and starring actress Mary Tyler Moore. The show originally aired on CBS from September 19, 1970 ...
'', ''
Taxi A taxi, also known as a taxicab or simply a cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a Driving, driver, used by a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of thei ...
'', and ''
Rhoda ''Rhoda'' is an American sitcom television series created by James L. Brooks and Allan Burns starring Valerie Harper that originally aired on CBS for five seasons from September 9, 1974 to December 9, 1978. It was the first spin-off of ''The ...
'', as well as the films ''
Terms of Endearment ''Terms of Endearment'' is a 1983 American family tragicomedy film directed, written, and produced by James L. Brooks, adapted from Larry McMurtry's 1975 novel. It stars Debra Winger, Shirley MacLaine, Jack Nicholson, Danny DeVito, Jeff D ...
'' and '' Broadcast News''. "I came to America in 1985 and James made me stay. If I had a mentor like him in Great Britain, I would've stayed there." The key to getting Ullman ready for primetime was "assembling the right people" according to Brooks. He, along with co-executive producers
Jerry Belson Jerry Belson (July 8, 1938 – October 10, 2006) was an American writer, director, and producer of Hollywood films for over 40 years. Collaborating with figures like Steve Allen and Garry Marshall, Belson gained recognition for his work on various ...
,
Ken Estin Ken Estin is an American television producer and screenwriter. He has worked on ''Taxi'' and ''Cheers'' and co-created '' The Tracey Ullman Show'' with James L. Brooks''.'' In 1982, Estin won an Emmy Award for Best Writing in a Comedy Series for t ...
, and
Heide Perlman Heide Paula Perlman (born September 22, 1951) is an American television writer and producer. She began work as a writer on the sitcom ''Cheers'' from 1982 through 1986; since then she has worked as a writer, producer and/or story editor on ''The ...
, went on a retreat in Northern California to think through the show. "We wanted to tell a story, to be involved in character. We did not want to do spoofs or takeoffs. You define a show by what you don't want to do as well as by what you do. We rushed on the air and have been finding the show while we're on the air. You lose a lot of sleep that way, but it's great. Now, we have five or six characters that we repeat from time to time, and new ones are candidates for repetition." When it came to Fox, Brooks stated, "It was helpful for us to do the show without any preconceived context. Not only were we new, but so was Fox. There was no notion of something to fit into." Fox was reportedly backing the show with nearly $1,000,000 per broadcast. The series landed an initial 26-episode commitment deal, unheard of for a television comedy; Fox ordered a further 30 episodes in October 1987. Describing the show proved difficult; creator Ken Estin dubbed it a "skitcom". An array of original and diverse characters were created for Ullman to portray. Extensive makeup, wigs, teeth, and body padding were used, sometimes rendering her completely unrecognizable. One original character created solely by Ullman back in England was uprooted for the show: long-suffering British spinster Kay Clark. Kay was based on a real woman who worked in a
Midland Bank Midland Bank plc was one of the Big Four (banks)#United Kingdom, Big Four banking groups in the United Kingdom for most of the 20th century. It is now part of HSBC. The bank was founded as the Birmingham and Midland Bank in Union Street, Birming ...
that Ullman kept in touch with over the phone long after leaving Britain for the United States. "Kay" would ask her questions about Hollywood. Ullman began mimicking the voice she heard on the other end of the line to her dog. She had been obsessed with spinsters ever since she was a child. She never saw "Kay" and liked to imagine what she looked like. ''The Tracey Ullman Shows costume designer, Jane Ruhm, suggested a drooping bust and cellulite-covered hips for the character. Ruhm created a costume complete with "hydraulic pistons". "Tracey is really, really interested in what her characters look like. She is constantly going around collecting pictures of people and coming to me saying, 'I want to do a character dressed like this!' I file that in my memory, and then we'll get a script and I'll say, 'That character that you wanted to do, can we use it on this?' She'll say, 'Yeah!' And we'll go," revealed Ruhm. "It's a real thrill to me that someone like Kay can be famous in America," said Ullman. For other characters, she drew upon people she personally knew, or celebrities she had watched or encountered. "I based one character on
Maggie Smith Dame Margaret Natalie Smith (28 December 1934 – 27 September 2024) was a British actress. Known for her wit in both comedic and dramatic roles, she had List of Maggie Smith performances, an extensive career on stage and screen for over seve ...
, which the script supervisor suggested. I remember her in ''
California Suite ''California Suite'' is a 1976 play by Neil Simon. Similar in structure to his earlier '' Plaza Suite'', the comedy is composed of four playlets set in Suite 203-04, which consists of a living room and an adjoining bedroom with an ensuite bath, ...
'' saying, 'Well, I don't care if I didn't win the fucking Oscar.'... It sounded good. It made me laugh, and then I felt that I could do the character." She based the character Francesca on a neighbor, an awkward teenaged girl, who would come to visit her in her kitchen and would sheepishly stand in the corner. "I wanted to portray painful adolescence, but not an adolescent that was spoiled. I'd seen so many that were just, 'Like I really want to go to the movies, and you're totally stupid.' I didn't want to play a horrible kid." Ullman believed in progressing the characters so that they didn't stagnate. "You have to advance the characters ..you have to find new situations for them ..They have to do something or say something or grow as people. And they have to be unusual." Like Kay, another character created and performed by Ullman first for British television ('' Three of a Kind'') and then later on ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' was impoverished housewife, Betty Tomlinson. Producers decided to add animated segments when they had trouble figuring out a way to end one sketch and go into the next. They had considered talking animals, specifically a talking bear. "I don't know why we were so into a bear. Nobody was in love with that idea, but we just couldn't think of how else to do it. In most variety shows, it was just sketches that were so short that they didn't have to worry about going from one to the next. Nobody had ever really done this before," explained Ken Estin. Estin was given a drawing of ''
Life in Hell ''Life in Hell'' was a comic strip by Matt Groening that was published weekly from 1977 to 2012. Its main characters include anthropomorphic rabbits and a gay couple. The comic covers a wide range of subjects, such as love, sex, work, and deat ...
'' by
Matt Groening Matthew Abram Groening ( ; born February 15, 1954) is an American cartoonist, writer, producer, and animator. He is best known as the creator of the television series ''The Simpsons'' (1989–present), ''Futurama'' (1999–2003, 2008–2013, 2 ...
from
Richard Sakai Richard Sakai (born January 28, 1954) is an American television and film producer. He is best known for his work on the animated sitcom ''The Simpsons'', for which he is one of the original producers. In 1997, Sakai was nominated for an Academy ...
. "It was very different. It was smart. It was unusual. It was drawn poorly, which I thought added the charm ..I said, 'What if we have this guy do these little cartoons in between the scenes? Is that possible? Does anybody like that idea?' They all said they liked the idea. This is how Matt ended up being our guy." James L. Brooks was also familiar with Groening's work.
Polly Platt Mary Marr "Polly" Platt (January 29, 1939 – July 27, 2011) was an American film producer, production designer and screenwriter. She was the first woman accepted into the Art Directors Guild, in 1971. In addition to her credited work, she w ...
, producer of his film ''Terms of Endearment'', had given him a cartoon called "Success and Failure in Hollywood" drawn by Groening as a gift. Platt suggested that he do a special on the characters. Heide Perlman found another artist to do animated segments –
M. K. Brown M. K. Brown is an American cartoonist and painter whose work has appeared in many publications, including ''National Lampoon (magazine), National Lampoon'' (1972–1981), ''Mother Jones (magazine), Mother Jones'', ''Wimmen's Comix'', ''The Ne ...
, who worked for '' National Lampoon''. She agreed to do a cartoon based around a female psychiatrist, Dr. N!Godatu. Producers stopped hearing from Groening when Fox wanted to take over ''Life in Hell'' merchandising as part of the deal; this resulted in his passing on the project. Estin asked Sakai to ask Groening if he had any other characters that he would be willing to allow Fox to merchandise. Groening said that he did and that he would send them over for consideration. "Well, two, maybe three days after I spoke to Richard, Matt sends us a drawing of the Simpsons exactly as–well, not exactly–almost exactly as they are. Anyhow, everybody said, 'Fine. That's fine. We like them.' And Matt made his deal with Fox." Eventually, producers found that Groening's work suited the show better than Brown's and her segments were no longer used. Tracey Ullman was approached to do one of the voices of the Simpsons, but with already spending up to three hours in the makeup chair, adding voice-over work was simply not feasible. Fellow cast member
Julie Kavner Julie Deborah Kavner (born September 7, 1950) is an American actress. Before becoming well known for her voice role as Marge Simpson on the animated television series ''The Simpsons'', Kavner attracted notice for her role as Brenda Morgenstern, ...
then agreed to do it. Groening approached Ullman sporadically about providing a guest voice for the shorts but, yet again, she was unable to do so due to her heavy workload. Early reports regarding the show's premise were as follows: The focal point would be Ullman starring in one, 12-minute-long "playlet", a shorter sketch, some music, and a weekly lecture from
Harry Shearer Harry Julius Shearer (born December 23, 1943) is an American actor, comedian, musician, radio host, writer, and producer. Born in Los Angeles, California, Shearer began his career as a child actor. From 1969 to 1976, Shearer was a member of The ...
. The show would start with no pilot and a 26-episode commitment, and would be produced by Brooks along with some of the top writers from ''
Cheers ''Cheers'' is an American television sitcom, created by Glen and Les Charles, Glen Charles & Les Charles and James Burrows, that aired on NBC for eleven seasons from September 30, 1982, to May 20, 1993. The show was produced by Charles/Burrows/C ...
''. Shearer's weekly lecture never materialized. When it came time to go out and promote the show, Fox only set up appearances in
Los Angeles Los Angeles, often referred to by its initials L.A., is the List of municipalities in California, most populous city in the U.S. state of California, and the commercial, Financial District, Los Angeles, financial, and Culture of Los Angeles, ...
and
New York New York most commonly refers to: * New York (state), a state in the northeastern United States * New York City, the most populous city in the United States, located in the state of New York New York may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * ...
. In 1988, Ullman insisted that she be allowed to tour Middle America. "I want to see America a bit, I really do. I've only been to LA and New York, and they make very disparaging remarks about Middle America there. I mean, Des Moines, Iowa, is the place network executives always talk about, like, 'Would they like this in Des Moines?' They think you just want ''Facts of Life'' and ''She's the Sheriff'', that you really want that type of television, and I don't really believe that you do. There's no intelligence, no truth in anything like that. I think you want something a bit smarter. ..We take pictures everywhere n this promotional tour we're taping people's voices. I'm taking it all in, and it's great. Some journalist once said that I was a 'social satirist,' and I thought, 'That sounds quite intelligent, doesn't?' So that's what I'm doing, I'm meeting people from a social satirist's point of view." Whenever she was stuck on particular voice or accent, she would open a phone directory. "If I wanted to do somebody from
Brooklyn Brooklyn is a Boroughs of New York City, borough of New York City located at the westernmost end of Long Island in the New York (state), State of New York. Formerly an independent city, the borough is coextensive with Kings County, one of twelv ...
, I would call the library in Brooklyn and listen to their voice and tape them surreptitiously so they didn't know."


Production


Casting

Dan Castellaneta Daniel Louis Castellaneta ( ; born October 29, 1957) is an American actor. He is best known for voicing Homer Simpson on the animated series ''The Simpsons'' (as well as other characters on the show such as Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, ...
, a relative unknown, was asked to read for the show after he was spotted by Ullman at Chicago's
The Second City The Second City is an improvisational comedy enterprise. It is the oldest improvisational theater troupe to be continuously based in Chicago, with training programs and live theaters in Toronto and New York. Since its debut in 1959, it has b ...
. Castellaneta's portrayal of a blind man who wants to be a comedian brought her to tears instead of making her laugh. Ullman told producers that she wouldn't do the show if Castellaneta wasn't hired. He gave up the opportunity to appear in the short-lived sitcom version of the film ''
Nothing in Common ''Nothing in Common'' is a 1986 American comedy-drama film directed by Garry Marshall. It stars Tom Hanks and Jackie Gleason in his final film role. Gleason died less than a year after the film's release. The film was not considered a big fin ...
'', in which he appeared, so as to star in the ''Ullman'' show. "Tracey always says, 'You're so lucky, Dan. You can always go back to ''Nothing in Common''," joked Castellaneta in a 1988 interview. Describing the show, Castellaneta stated, "Essentially what dictates it is that there are no parodies and even if it's an unusual situation, Tracey and (executive producer) Jim Brooks try to keep things as believable and real. You've got to be honest." He would continue to stay true to his Second City philosophy when playing comedy and characters. "Don't ever do what's expected. Always try to find a different way of doing something. ...Always play to the top of your intelligence. A character should be as smart as you are. And if the character isn't as smart as you are, you can't make a comment about it, you can't make fun of the character." Castellaneta felt that audiences could see right through a character that wasn't done honestly and that ''The Tracey Ullman Shows audience were both pretty demanding, as well as intelligent. "They're people who like something different, they're certainly an intelligent audience. And they're an audience that isn't as easily offended as other people might be." Actress
Julie Kavner Julie Deborah Kavner (born September 7, 1950) is an American actress. Before becoming well known for her voice role as Marge Simpson on the animated television series ''The Simpsons'', Kavner attracted notice for her role as Brenda Morgenstern, ...
had co-starred in Brooks' spin-off series to ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'', ''Rhoda'', starring
Valerie Harper Valerie Kathryn Harper (August 22, 1939 – August 30, 2019) was an American actress. She began her career as a dancer on Broadway, making her debut as a replacement in the musical ''Li'l Abner''. She played Rhoda Morgenstern on ''The Mar ...
. Kavner played Harper's younger, socially awkward sister Brenda, a role for which she won an
Emmy Award The Emmy Awards, or Emmys, are an extensive range of awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. A number of annual Emmy Award ceremonies are held throughout the year, each with their own set of rules and award categor ...
. Kavner was at the top of the list of people Brooks wanted to be part of the show. Brooks on Kavner: "When somebody's intrinsically funny – you know, in-their-bones funny – they never have to work at (being funny), so they're free to work on other things. We were all nuts about her work. She was the person we most wanted to work with Tracey." Actor
Sam McMurray Samuel McMurray (born April 15, 1952) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Supervisor Patrick O'Boyle in the CBS sitcom series ''The King of Queens'', Glen in the Coen Brothers comedy film '' Raising Arizona'', Trent Culpepper in th ...
read for a guest spot on the show playing William, lover of 13-year-old
valley girl A valley girl is a socioeconomic, linguistic, and youth subcultural stereotype and stock character originating during the 1980s: any materialistic upper-middle-class young woman, associated with unique vocal and California dialect features, f ...
Francesca's (Ullman) father. McMurray recalled his casting: "The first Francesca sketch, they said, 'Play the guy not so gay.' And I said 'I disagree.' I had a big mouth then – still do. I said, 'I think he's more the woman. I think he's more out there.' So I read and I read it big, and they cast me. It was just a one-off, and then we were on hiatus. I did the one week, and I had a friend coincidentally who used to write, a guy named Marc Flanagan, and he was on the show as a staff guy. He called me up and said, 'Did they call your agent?' I said, 'No, why?' He said, 'They wanna make you a regular.'" McMurray, who did not become a full-fledged cast member until the sixth episode, did not find himself feeling terribly comfortable at first with the show. McMurray: " e social dynamic of the show is an odd one. I spoke with (executive producer) Jim Brooks about this later and I said, 'You know, it's like we're all square pegs, aren't we?' And he said, 'Yeah,' and that the same thing occurred on ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''. Everybody was from a different discipline on that show, – somebody had been from sitcoms, somebody came from the stage, and somebody had been a stand-up comic, and yet whatever the dynamic that was forged from it, it's singular and it works." The last to be cast was dancer Joseph Malone. He was originally hired for a guest shot, acting as a cop who dances with a possible
jumper Jumper or Jumpers may refer to: Clothing *Jumper (sweater), is a long-sleeve article of clothing; also called a top, pullover, or sweater **A waist-length top garment of dense wool, part of the Royal Navy uniform and the uniform of the United St ...
out on a ledge. His performance led to him being cast as a series regular. Malone had worked with
Michael Jackson Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and philanthropist. Dubbed the "King of Pop", he is regarded as Cultural impact of Michael Jackson, one of the most culturally significan ...
,
Lily Tomlin Mary Jean "Lily" Tomlin (born September 1, 1939) is an American actress, comedian, writer, singer, and producer. Tomlin started her career in stand-up comedy and sketch comedy before transitioning her career to acting across stage and screen. ...
, and
Barbara Mandrell Barbara Ann Mandrell (born December 25, 1948) is an American retired country music singer and musician. She is also credited as an actress and author. During the late 1970s and early 1980s, she was considered among country's most successful mus ...
. The show now had its cast. During the 1987–1988 season (the show's 2nd season), Julie Kavner asked to be let out of her contract in order to concentrate on making movies. Kavner had been living in New York while ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' taped in Los Angeles. Actress
Anna Levine Anna Thomson (born September 18, 1953) is an American actress known for roles in Clint Eastwood's ''Unforgiven'' and several films directed by the Israeli filmmaker Amos Kollek. Over the course of her career she was also credited as Anna Levine an ...
was subsequently cast, with Kavner putting in special appearances. Kavner returned as a permanent cast member in season 3, with Levine staying on albeit in a diminished role.


Writing

James L. Brooks knew the importance of good writers and quickly assembled a team for the show, most notably Heide Perlman and Ken Estin of ''Cheers'' fame. Perlman and Estin would also serve as executive producers of the show. Joining them was comedy writer Jerry Belson, who had an extensive career writing for television comedies such as ''
The Dick Van Dyke Show ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' is an American sitcom created by Carl Reiner that initially aired on CBS from October 3, 1961, to June 1, 1966, with a total of 158 half-hour episodes spanning five seasons. It was produced by Calvada Productions"Calv ...
'' and ''
The Odd Couple Odd Couple may refer to: Neil Simon play and its adaptations * ''The Odd Couple'' (play), a 1965 stage play by Neil Simon ** ''The Odd Couple'' (film), a 1968 film based on the play *** ''The Odd Couple'' (1970 TV series), a 1970–1975 televis ...
'', the latter he co-developed with his writing partner,
Garry Marshall Garry Kent Marshall (November 13, 1934 – July 19, 2016) was an American screenwriter, director, producer and actor. Marshall began his career in the 1960s as a writer for ''The Lucy Show'' and ''The Dick Van Dyke Show'' until he developed the T ...
. He was the writer Ullman warmed to immediately. In an interview with ''
The Nerdist Podcast ''ID10T with Chris Hardwick'' (formerly ''The Nerdist Podcast'', until February 2018) is a weekly podcast "about what it really means to be a nerd" hosted by Chris Hardwick. From its launch in 2010 until 2018, Jonah Ray and Matt Mira were usu ...
'', she recalled Belson saying, "'Leave her alone, Jim, she's tired.' ..He was one of those funny writers hoif you said that you didn't like a joke in the room, he'd say, 'What is this, Nazi, Russia?'" When they won an Emmy, Belson's response was, "This is my first Emmy in color."
Sam Simon Samuel Michael Simon (June 6, 1955 – March 8, 2015) was an American television producer and animal rights activist who co-developed the animated sitcom ''The Simpsons''. While at Stanford University, Simon worked as a newspaper cartoo ...
, like Estin, wrote for ''Taxi'' (co-created by Brooks), as well as executive produced the show. Brooks discovered writer
Marc Flanagan Marc Francis Flanagan (born June 13, 1948) is an American television producer and writer. He was co-creator of the American television sitcom ''Phenom'' with Sam Simon and Dick Blasucci. Career Flanagan started his career in New York. In 198 ...
after watching a piece performed by
Meryl Streep Mary Louise "Meryl" Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an American actress. Known for her versatility and adept accent work, she has been described as "the best actress of her generation". She has received numerous accolades throughout her career ...
and
Kevin Klein Kevin R. Klein (born December 13, 1984) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played for the New York Rangers and the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected in the second round, 37th overal ...
at a benefit. He asked to speak to the writer, Flanagan, and kept him in mind as he began assembling the show. '' SCTV'' writers Dick Blasucci and Paul Flaherty were hired to write and co-produce as well. For each show, a table read would take place on Monday mornings in the presence of the writers and producers. It wasn't unusual for rewrites to go on past midnight. What worked in the writers' room would sometimes fall flat once in the hands of the actors. The best readings were the result of numerous rewrites. "I love cracking a run-through," said Ullman in 1989. "It's like a drug. If I can get them looking at me and respecting me, and thinking, 'She's done it!' – it's the best feeling.'" But she knew that the only performance that truly mattered was the one recorded in front of a live studio audience. "You just gotta pray you hit that happy, energetic mood on Friday." The cast would usually rehearse under the guidance of director Ted Bessell. Around 3:30 pm each day, writers and producers, led by Brooks and Belson, would arrive for a run-through. They would observe, shout out suggestions, make additions and subtractions, and work out any kinks in the production. The show would then be ready to tape by Friday at 7:00 pm. One writer frequently credited on the show, Bonita Carlisle, was in actuality a ''
nom de plume A pen name or nom-de-plume is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name. A pen name may be used to make the author's na ...
'' chosen by the writers' room indicating that the writing had been a group effort. Guest stars such as
Steve Martin Stephen Glenn Martin (born August 14, 1945) is an American comedian, actor, writer, producer, and musician. Known for Steve Martin filmography, his work in comedy films, television, and #Discography, recording, he has received List of awards a ...
and
Mel Brooks Melvin James Brooks (né Kaminsky; born June 28, 1926) is an American actor, comedian, filmmaker, and songwriter. With a career spanning over seven decades, he is known as a writer and director of a variety of successful broad farces and parodie ...
got heavily involved in the writing of their sketches. While the Fox network was quite permissive when it came to the material it would allow on the air, by 1989, following controversy over an episode of '' Married... with Children'', the network's standards and practices department began closely monitoring the show's scripts. A sketch consisting of a nun (played by Ullman), a priest, and the
last rites The last rites, also known as the Commendation of the Dying, are the last prayers and ministrations given to an individual of Christian faith, when possible, shortly before death. The Commendation of the Dying is practiced in liturgical Chri ...
, was pulled mid-production. Producers were given the option to either water down the skit or not do it at all. Ullman had no problem with the piece. Brooks responded: "They're smart enough to know that they can't have a bland network that responds to every pressure and be successful ... If we really believe a piece should be broadcast, then we will take a stand. We do care about doing characters accurately and in them taking a comic view of life, but when censorship interferes with that, we've got to scream."


Format

A typical episode of ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' consists of two or three sketches (or playlets) featuring Ullman playing an array of characters, along with her supporting cast: Julie Kavner, Dan Castellaneta, Sam McMurray, Joseph Malone, and in season three, Anna Levine. The final sketch of each episode usually includes a musical or dance number performed solely by Ullman or with the rest of the cast.
Paula Abdul Paula Julie Abdul (born June 19, 1962) is an American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality. She began her career as a cheerleader for the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 and later became the head choreographe ...
was responsible for choreographing all of the show's dance routines. Interstitial cartoon shorts ("Dr. N!Godatu", "The Simpsons") were featured before and after each commercial break. The show's producers toyed with the format during the show's first season. A variety act was added and then scrapped by the third episode. Ullman began opening the show as herself by episode five; this was dropped altogether by season three in favor of an elaborate opening title sequence. The final segment of all four seasons has Ullman, clad in a pink terrycloth bathrobe, delivering a closing monologue to the studio audience before shouting her signature catchphrase, "Go home!"


Opening title sequence

George Clinton was hired to write and perform the show's
funk Funk is a music genre that originated in African-American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African-Americans in the ...
-infused theme song, "You're Thinking Right". Brooks hired animation and graphic-design company
Klasky Csupo Klasky-Csupo, Inc. ( ) is an American animation studio located in Los Angeles, California. It was founded in 1982 by producer Arlene Klasky and her then-husband, Hungarian animator Gábor Csupó (hence the company's name) in a spare room of th ...
to design the show's title sequence. It would become the studio's big break. In addition to handing the show's opening, they also produced the show's animated bumpers. The opening title sequence in seasons one and two followed a brief introduction by Ullman to the studio audience. For season three, however, the opening was scrapped, and in its place, a live-action farce was used: Ullman pulls up to the 20th Century Fox studio lot in her car and hits a pedestrian. She attempts
CPR Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an emergency procedure used during cardiac or respiratory arrest that involves chest compressions, often combined with artificial ventilation, to preserve brain function and maintain circulation until sp ...
in front of onlookers and revives her victim. She then rushes into the studio and meets George Clinton; a person tries to get her opinion on a costume; Paula Abdul attempts to go over choreography with her. Next, she visits the makeup room and greets her fellow castmates – this includes
the Simpson family The Simpson family are the titular main characters featured in the Animated series, animated television series ''The Simpsons''. The Simpsons are a nuclear family consisting of married couple Homer Simpson, Homer and Marge Simpson, Marge and t ...
. She then looks at a pushpin board with stills (presented in the form of
Polaroid Polaroid may refer to: * Polaroid Corporation Polaroid Corporation was an American company that made instant film and cameras, which survives as a brand for consumer electronics. The company was founded in 1937 by Edwin H. Land, to exploit his P ...
photos) of the sketches that will air in this week's episode, along with their titles. Season four featured a title sequence similar to the first two seasons.


Ending

After four seasons, Ullman decided to end the show stating that she was "constantly challenged and happily tortured by a unique group of people." She also thanked Fox "for letting somebody no one ever heard of do a show on a network that didn't exist." Brooks stated that ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' was "the hardest work any of us ever did, and we would have continued forever if she had wanted us to ..I'm just glad I appreciated it as it was happening and not just in retrospect ... Tracey is one of the most talented people alive." The show, which earned Fox its first
Emmy Award The Emmy Awards, or Emmys, are an extensive range of awards for artistic and technical merit for the television industry. A number of annual Emmy Award ceremonies are held throughout the year, each with their own set of rules and award categor ...
, received a total of 33 nominations, winning a total of 10. Brooks didn't mince words when it was announced that Fox chairman
Barry Diller Barry Charles Diller (born February 2, 1942) is an American billionaire businessman. He is chairman and senior executive of IAC and Expedia Group and founded the Fox Broadcasting Company with Rupert Murdoch and USA Broadcasting. Diller was ind ...
was stepping down in 1992. "I thought ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' should have stayed on as long as she wanted to do it." Diller had been dragging his feet in renewing the show. Tired of waiting, Ullman decided to pull the plug herself. When Ullman and the show won at the 1990 Primetime Emmy Awards, ''
The Los Angeles Times The ''Los Angeles Times'' is an American daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles city of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper in the U.S. and the larges ...
'' remarked, "Tracey Ullman gets last laugh." Later, Ullman admitted that she would have liked an additional year to try out all the characters she wanted to play. She was proud, though, of what they achieved: "no compromises, no giving up, always wanting the best."


Cast and crew


Cast

*
Tracey Ullman Tracey Ullman (born Trace Ullman; 30 December 1959) is a British-American actress, singer, dancer, screenwriter, producer, and director. Despite being frequently referred to as a comedian, Ullman considers herself a character actress. Critics h ...
*
Julie Kavner Julie Deborah Kavner (born September 7, 1950) is an American actress. Before becoming well known for her voice role as Marge Simpson on the animated television series ''The Simpsons'', Kavner attracted notice for her role as Brenda Morgenstern, ...
*
Dan Castellaneta Daniel Louis Castellaneta ( ; born October 29, 1957) is an American actor. He is best known for voicing Homer Simpson on the animated series ''The Simpsons'' (as well as other characters on the show such as Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, ...
*
Sam McMurray Samuel McMurray (born April 15, 1952) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Supervisor Patrick O'Boyle in the CBS sitcom series ''The King of Queens'', Glen in the Coen Brothers comedy film '' Raising Arizona'', Trent Culpepper in th ...
*Joseph Malone *
Anna Levine Anna Thomson (born September 18, 1953) is an American actress known for roles in Clint Eastwood's ''Unforgiven'' and several films directed by the Israeli filmmaker Amos Kollek. Over the course of her career she was also credited as Anna Levine an ...
(Season 3)


Voice acting

*
Nancy Cartwright Nancy Jean Cartwright (born October 25, 1957) is an American actress, best known as the long-time voice of Bart Simpson on ''The Simpsons'', for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance and an Annie Award f ...
(The Simpsons, Seasons 1–3) * Julie Payne (Dr. N!Godatu, Season 1) *
Yeardley Smith Martha Maria Yeardley Smith ( ; born July 3, 1964) is an American actress. She stars as the voice of Lisa Simpson on the animated television series ''The Simpsons''. Smith began acting in 1982 after graduating from drama school. She moved to ...
(The Simpsons, Seasons 1–3)


Directors

*
Ted Bessell Howard Weston "Ted" Bessell Jr. (March 20, 1935 – October 6, 1996) was an American television actor and director widely known for his role as Donald Hollinger, the boyfriend and eventual fiancé of Marlo Thomas's character in the TV ser ...
*
Stuart Margolin Stuart Margolin (January 31, 1940 – December 12, 2022) was an American actor, director, and screenwriter of film and television. He was known for playing con artist Evelyn "Angel" Martin on the 1970s television series '' The Rockford Files'', ...
*
Penny Marshall Carole Penny MarshallBorn Carole Penny Marshall in 1943, as per ''My Mother Was Nuts, a Memoir'', p. 10; . Copyright 2012 (October 15, 1943 – December 17, 2018) was an American actress, film director, and producer. She is best known for ...
*
Sam Simon Samuel Michael Simon (June 6, 1955 – March 8, 2015) was an American television producer and animal rights activist who co-developed the animated sitcom ''The Simpsons''. While at Stanford University, Simon worked as a newspaper cartoo ...
*
Art Wolff Art Wolff (1938 – November 16, 2020) was an American television director and acting coach. Wolff amassed a number of notable directing credits, directing episodes of ''The Tracey Ullman Show'', ''It's Garry Shandling's Show'', ''The Powe ...


Writers

* Jeff Baron * Manny Basanese *
Jerry Belson Jerry Belson (July 8, 1938 – October 10, 2006) was an American writer, director, and producer of Hollywood films for over 40 years. Collaborating with figures like Steve Allen and Garry Marshall, Belson gained recognition for his work on various ...
*
Tony Berg Anthony Rains "Tony" Berg (born October 21, 1954) is an American musician, record producer, and A&R representative, in which role he has been described as an "industry guru". Berg's music career began in the late 1970s as a session guitarist who ...
* Dick Blasucci *
Rob Bragin Rob Bragin is an American television producer and writer. He is the creator of the American supernatural drama ''Proof'', which starred Jennifer Beals, Matthew Modine and Joe Morton. He also produced the television series '' Murphy Brown'' ...
* Holly Holmberg Brooks *
James L. Brooks James Lawrence Brooks (born May 9, 1940) is an American director, producer, screenwriter and co-founder of Gracie Films. He co-created the sitcoms ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'', ''Taxi'', and ''The Simpsons'' and directed the films '' Terms of ...
*
Dan Castellaneta Daniel Louis Castellaneta ( ; born October 29, 1957) is an American actor. He is best known for voicing Homer Simpson on the animated series ''The Simpsons'' (as well as other characters on the show such as Grampa Simpson, Krusty the Clown, ...
*
Cameron Crowe Cameron Bruce Crowe (born July 13, 1957) is an American filmmaker and journalist. He has received numerous accolades including an Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and Grammy Award as well as a nomination for a Tony Award. Crowe started his career a ...
*
Ken Estin Ken Estin is an American television producer and screenwriter. He has worked on ''Taxi'' and ''Cheers'' and co-created '' The Tracey Ullman Show'' with James L. Brooks''.'' In 1982, Estin won an Emmy Award for Best Writing in a Comedy Series for t ...
* Paul Flaherty *
Marc Flanagan Marc Francis Flanagan (born June 13, 1948) is an American television producer and writer. He was co-creator of the American television sitcom ''Phenom'' with Sam Simon and Dick Blasucci. Career Flanagan started his career in New York. In 198 ...
*
Kim Fuller Kim Fuller (born 15 June 1951 in Hastings, England) is an English writer for film, radio and television. He is the brother of music manager and ''Idols'' series creator Simon Fuller. Career Kim Fuller has been writing for television for over 40 ye ...
* Susan Gauthier *
Howard Gewirtz Howard Gewirtz is an American television producer and writer, whose credits include ''Taxi'', ''The Larry Sanders Show'', ''Just Shoot Me'', '' Wings'', ''Oliver Beene'', ''Everybody Hates Chris'', '' Gary and Mike'' and ''The Simpsons''. He is ...
*
Matt Groening Matthew Abram Groening ( ; born February 15, 1954) is an American cartoonist, writer, producer, and animator. He is best known as the creator of the television series ''The Simpsons'' (1989–present), ''Futurama'' (1999–2003, 2008–2013, 2 ...
(''The Simpsons'' shorts only) *
Paul Haggis Paul Edward Haggis (born March 10, 1953) is a Canadian screenwriter, film producer, and director of film and television. He is best known as screenwriter and producer for consecutive Best Picture Oscar winners ''Million Dollar Baby'' (2004) and ...
* Craig Heller *
Susan Herring Susan Catherine Herring (b. 1955) is an American linguist and communication scholar who researches gender differences in Internet use, and the characteristics, functions, and emergent norms associated with language, communication, and behavior in ...
* David Isaacs * James P. Kocot *
Jay Kogen Jay Kogen is an American comedy writer, producer, actor and director. Biography He was born to a Jewish family. His father is comedy writer Arnie Kogen. In 2001, Kogen had a son, Charlie, who is now a musician. Career Kogen co-wrote several ep ...
* Debra Korbel * Deb Lacusta * Jane Lancellotti * Michael Leeson * Ken Levine * Joseph Malone * Harvey Miller *
Marilyn Suzanne Miller Marilyn Suzanne Miller (born January 3, 1950) is an American television writer and producer. She was one of only three female writers on the original staff of ''Saturday Night Live'' and was also a writer for such 1970s sitcoms as ''The Odd Coupl ...
*
David Mirkin David Mirkin (born ) is an American feature film and television director, writer and producer. Mirkin grew up in Philadelphia and intended to become an electrical engineer, but abandoned this career path in favor of studying film at Loyola Mar ...
*
Heide Perlman Heide Paula Perlman (born September 22, 1951) is an American television writer and producer. She began work as a writer on the sitcom ''Cheers'' from 1982 through 1986; since then she has worked as a writer, producer and/or story editor on ''The ...
* Ian Praiser * Lisa-Maria Radano * Michael Sardo *
Richard Sakai Richard Sakai (born January 28, 1954) is an American television and film producer. He is best known for his work on the animated sitcom ''The Simpsons'', for which he is one of the original producers. In 1997, Sakai was nominated for an Academy ...
* J.C. Scott * Mike Short * Guy Shulman *
Sam Simon Samuel Michael Simon (June 6, 1955 – March 8, 2015) was an American television producer and animal rights activist who co-developed the animated sitcom ''The Simpsons''. While at Stanford University, Simon worked as a newspaper cartoo ...
* Doug Steckler * Miriam Trogdon *
Tracey Ullman Tracey Ullman (born Trace Ullman; 30 December 1959) is a British-American actress, singer, dancer, screenwriter, producer, and director. Despite being frequently referred to as a comedian, Ullman considers herself a character actress. Critics h ...
*
Ellis Weiner Ellis Weiner (born 31 October 1950) is an author and humorist who has previously worked as an editor of '' National Lampoon'' and a columnist for ''Spy Magazine''. His humor has also appeared in ''The New Yorker'', ''Paris Review'', and ''The New ...
*
Michael J. Weithorn Michael J. Weithorn is an American writer, director, and producer whose works include the sitcom ''The King of Queens''. Early life Weithorn was raised first in the Fresh Meadows neighborhood of the New York City borough of Queens, and then in P ...
*
Wallace Wolodarsky Wallace Wolodarsky, also billed as Wally Wolodarsky, is an American screenwriter, television producer, film director, and actor known for being one of the writers for ''The Simpsons'' during the first four seasons with his writing partner Jay ...


Guest stars

*
Paula Abdul Paula Julie Abdul (born June 19, 1962) is an American singer, dancer, choreographer, actress, and television personality. She began her career as a cheerleader for the Los Angeles Lakers at the age of 18 and later became the head choreographe ...
*
Judith Barsi Judith Eva Barsi (June 6, 1978 – July 25, 1988) was an American child actress. She began her career in television, making appearances in commercials and television series, as well as the 1987 film '' Jaws: The Revenge''. She also provided the ...
*
Mel Brooks Melvin James Brooks (né Kaminsky; born June 28, 1926) is an American actor, comedian, filmmaker, and songwriter. With a career spanning over seven decades, he is known as a writer and director of a variety of successful broad farces and parodie ...
*
Michael Cerveris Michael Cerveris Jr. (born November 6, 1960) is an American actor, singer, and guitarist. He has performed in many stage musicals and plays, including several Stephen Sondheim musicals: ''Assassins (musical), Assassins'', ''Sweeney Todd: The ...
* George Clinton *
Clarence Clemons Clarence Anicholas Clemons Jr. (January 11, 1942 – June 18, 2011), also known as The Big Man, was an American saxophonist. From 1972 until his death in 2011, he was the saxophonist for Bruce Springsteen and The E Street Band. Clemons rel ...
*
Glenn Close Glenda Veronica Close (born March 19, 1947) is an American actress. In a career spanning over five decades on Glenn Close on screen and stage, screen and stage, she has received List of awards and nominations received by Glenn Close, numerous ac ...
*
Tim Curry Timothy James Curry (born 19 April 1946) is an English actor and singer. He rose to prominence as Dr. Frank-N-Furter in the musical film '' The Rocky Horror Picture Show'' (1975), reprising the role he had originated in the 1973 London, 1974 L ...
*
Fran Drescher Francine Joy Drescher (born September 30, 1957) is an American actress and trade unionist. She is currently serving as the national president of the Screen Actors Guild – American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA). She pla ...
*
Doris Grau Doris Grau (October 12, 1924 – December 30, 1995) was an American actress and script supervisor from Brooklyn. After moving to Hollywood in 1940, she began her career supervising film and television scripts. She continued to do this until the ...
*
Kelsey Grammer Allen Kelsey Grammer (born February 21, 1955) is an American actor and producer. He gained fame for his role as the psychiatrist Dr. Frasier Crane on the NBC sitcom ''Cheers'' (1984–1993) and its spin-off ''Frasier'' (1993–2004, and again F ...
*
Matt Groening Matthew Abram Groening ( ; born February 15, 1954) is an American cartoonist, writer, producer, and animator. He is best known as the creator of the television series ''The Simpsons'' (1989–present), ''Futurama'' (1999–2003, 2008–2013, 2 ...
*
Marilu Henner Marilu Henner (born April 6, 1952) is an American actress and author. She began her career appearing in the original production of the musical ''Grease (musical), Grease'' in 1971, before making her screen debut in the 1977 comedy-drama film ''B ...
*
Carole King Carole King Klein (born Carol Joan Klein; February 9, 1942) is an American singer-songwriter and musician renowned for her extensive contributions to popular music. She wrote or co-wrote 118 songs that charted on the Billboard Hot 100, ''Billbo ...
*
Cheech Marin Richard Anthony "Cheech" Marin (born July 13, 1946) is an American comedian and actor. He gained recognition as part of the comedy act Cheech & Chong during the 1970s and early 1980s with Tommy Chong, and as Don Johnson's partner, Insp. Joe Dom ...
*
Andrea Martin Andrea Louise Martin (born January 15, 1947) is an American and Canadian actress, best known for her work in the television series '' SCTV'' and '' Great News''. She has appeared in films such as '' Black Christmas'' (1974), '' Wag the Dog'' (1 ...
*
Kellie Martin Kellie Noelle Martin (born October 16, 1975) is an American actress. Her roles have included Rebecca "Becca" Thatcher in '' Life Goes On'' (1989–1993), Lucy Knight on '' ER'' (1998–2000), Samantha Kinsey in the '' Mystery Woman'' TV film se ...
*
Steve Martin Stephen Glenn Martin (born August 14, 1945) is an American comedian, actor, writer, producer, and musician. Known for Steve Martin filmography, his work in comedy films, television, and #Discography, recording, he has received List of awards a ...
*
Maureen McGovern Maureen Therese McGovern (born July 27, 1949) is an American singer and Broadway actress, well known for her renditions of the songs " The Morning After" from the 1972 film '' The Poseidon Adventure''; " We May Never Love Like This Again" from ' ...
*
Frank Patterson Frank Patterson KCHS (5 October 1938 – 10 June 2000) was an internationally renowned Irish tenor following in the tradition of singers such as Count John McCormack and Josef Locke. He was known as "Ireland's Golden Tenor". Early life Patter ...
*
Matthew Perry Matthew Langford Perry (August 19, 1969 – October 28, 2023) was an American and Canadian actor, comedian, director and screenwriter. He gained international fame for starring as Chandler Bing on the NBC television sitcom ''Friends'' (1994– ...
*
Jim Piddock Jim Piddock (born April 8, 1956) is an English actor, producer and writer who began his career on the stage in the United Kingdom before immigrating to the United States in 1981. After establishing himself in leading roles on Broadway, he moved ...
*
Billy Preston William Everett Preston (September 2, 1946 – June 6, 2006) was an American keyboardist, singer, and songwriter whose work encompassed R&B, rock, soul, funk, and gospel. Preston was a top session keyboardist in the 1960s, backing Little Richa ...
*
Bill Pullman William Pullman (born December 17, 1953) is an American actor. After graduating with a Master of Fine Arts degree in theater, he was an adjunct professor at Montana State University before deciding to pursue acting. Pullman made his film debut i ...
*
Keanu Reeves Keanu Charles Reeves ( ; born September 2, 1964) is a Canadian actor and musician. The recipient of numerous accolades in a career on screen spanning four decades, he is known for his leading roles in action films, his amiable public imag ...
*
Cesar Romero César Julio Romero Jr. (February 15, 1907 – January 1, 1994) was an American actor. He was active in film, radio, and television for almost 60 years. His wide range of screen roles included Latin lover (stereotype), Latin lovers, historical ...
*
Isabella Rossellini Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (; born 18 June 1952) is an Italian actress and model. The daughter of Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman and Italian film director Roberto Rossellini, she is noted for her successful tenure as a Lancôme ...
*
Nick Rutherford Nicholas Rutherford is an American actor, comedian, writer, and founding member of the sketch comedy group Good Neighbor. He is best known for starring as Patient 88 in the Adult Swim series '' Dream Corp LLC'' and for his work as a writer and pr ...
*
Martin Short Martin Hayter Short (born March 26, 1950) is a Canadian and American comedian, actor, and writer. Short is known as an energetic comedian who gained prominence for his roles in sketch comedy. He has also acted in numerous films and television ...
*
Steven Spielberg Steven Allan Spielberg ( ; born December 18, 1946) is an American filmmaker. A major figure of the New Hollywood era and pioneer of the modern blockbuster, Spielberg is widely regarded as one of the greatest film directors of all time and is ...
*
Betty Thomas Betty Thomas (born Betty Lucille Nienhauser; July 27, 1947) is an American director and actress. She is known for her role as Sergeant Lucy Bates on the television series ''Hill Street Blues''. Early life Thomas was born Betty Lucille Nienhaus ...
* Michael Tucker


Episodes


Recurring characters

Over the course of four seasons, Ullman played upwards of 100 characters; some were repeated, but not on a weekly basis. The show's supporting cast also played a variety of characters, usually opposite Ullman's, but in some instances without her. The following is a list of recurring characters performed by Tracey Ullman, Dan Castellaneta, Julie Kavner, and Sam McMurray. They are listed in order of appearance. ;The Downeys ''Played by Tracey Ullman and Dan Castellaneta'' :Sara and Greg Downey are two
yuppie Yuppie, short for "young urban professional" or "young upwardly-mobile professional", is a term coined in the early 1980s for a young professional person working in a city. The term is first attested in 1980, when it was used as a fairly neu ...
s who care for their son Max (
Nick Rutherford Nicholas Rutherford is an American actor, comedian, writer, and founding member of the sketch comedy group Good Neighbor. He is best known for starring as Patient 88 in the Adult Swim series '' Dream Corp LLC'' and for his work as a writer and pr ...
) only when they absolutely have to. ;Kay Clark ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :Originally from England, Kay works in
Rhode Island Rhode Island ( ) is a state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It borders Connecticut to its west; Massachusetts to its north and east; and the Atlantic Ocean to its south via Rhode Island Sound and Block Is ...
for a paper-products distribution company. She's always the target of her co-workers' (and even her boss) practical jokes. Kay takes care of her invalid mother who she frequently talks to on the phone from work. ;Dr. Alexander Gibson ''Played by Dan Castellaneta'' :A psychiatrist who analyzes many of Ullman's characters (e.g. Kay Clark, Brenda, Kiki Howard-Smith). ;Brenda ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A neurotic and ditzy
valley girl A valley girl is a socioeconomic, linguistic, and youth subcultural stereotype and stock character originating during the 1980s: any materialistic upper-middle-class young woman, associated with unique vocal and California dialect features, f ...
and a patient of Dr. Alexander Gibson. ;Francesca McDowell ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A 14-year-old girl who is being raised by her father David (Dan Castellaneta) and his partner William (Sam McMurray). ;David McDowell and William ''Played by Dan Castellaneta and Sam McMurray'' :A gay couple who are raising David's daughter Francesca from a previous marriage. William usually sides with Francesca when she gets into trouble. ;Sandra Decker ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A faded Oscar-winning actress from the Golden Age of Hollywood. ;Tina and Meg ''Played by Tracey Ullman and Julie Kavner'' :Tina (Ullman) and Meg (Kavner) are best friends and United States postal workers. ;Kiki Howard-Smith ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :An Australian professional golfer. ;Ginny Tillman ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :Ginny is a bitter divorcée. Her husband is Dr. Lawrence Tillman (Dan Castellaneta), a Beverly Hills
proctologist Colorectal surgery is a field in medicine dealing with disorders of the rectum, anus, and colon. The field is also known as proctology, but this term is now used infrequently within medicine and is most often employed to identify practices relati ...
. Lawrence goes on to remarry Meg (
Isabella Rossellini Isabella Fiorella Elettra Giovanna Rossellini (; born 18 June 1952) is an Italian actress and model. The daughter of Swedish actress Ingrid Bergman and Italian film director Roberto Rossellini, she is noted for her successful tenure as a Lancôme ...
). ;Summer Storm ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A burnt out
hippie A hippie, also spelled hippy, especially in British English, is someone associated with the counterculture of the 1960s, counterculture of the mid-1960s to early 1970s, originally a youth movement that began in the United States and spread to dif ...
disc jockey A disc jockey, more commonly abbreviated as DJ, is a person who plays recorded music for an audience. Types of DJs include Radio personality, radio DJs (who host programs on music radio stations), club DJs (who work at nightclubs or music fes ...
. ;Gulliver Dark ''Played by Sam McMurray'' :A lounge singer, nicknamed "The Velvet Bulge". Gulliver's fans (consisting mainly of middle-aged women) become "Dark Ladies" once they've watched him perform in person 1,000 times or more, and have given him gifts equal to 10% of their income. The character went on to appear in ''The Simpsons'', voiced by both Sam McMurray and George Balmaseda. ;Angel and Marty Tish ''Played by Tracey Ullman and Dan Castellaneta'' :Angel and Marty are a husband-and-wife entertainment duo who dub themselves "America's Sweethearts". ;Margaret/Hans Neeman ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :Psychiatrist and mentor to Dr. Alexander Gibson. Margaret reunites with her former student, Dr. Gibson, as a patient, and admits to having been a fraud. She reappears in a later sketch after having transitioned into Hans. ;Roz and Leonard ''Played by Julie Kavner and Sam McMurray'' :Ginny Tillman's sister Roz (Kavner), who is married to the perpetually unenthusiastic Leonard (McMurray), cares for their ailing mother. ;Gigi ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A woman who is put through the paces no matter where she goes (e.g. a job interview where she is given 60 seconds to come up with an elaborate tap dance routine, and a therapy session where she is forced to figure out who's the therapist and who's a patient). ;The Sours ''Played by Sam McMurray and Tracey Ullman'' :Gary and Joanie Sours are a newlywed couple. ;Maria ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A maid. ;Jinx Haber ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A woman who can fly. ;Ann B. Cooper ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :An eccentric cat lady. Ann is on the
co-op A cooperative (also known as co-operative, coöperative, co-op, or coop) is "an autonomous association of persons united voluntarily to meet their common economic, social and cultural needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and democr ...
apartment's board of directors and is responsible for getting the McDowells' (David and William) application approved. ;Rosaria and Big Tony Manetti ''Played by Tracey Ullman and
Robert Costanzo Robert Jason Costanzo (born October 20, 1942) is an American film, television and voice actor. A character actor with an acting career spanning over 40 years, he is often found playing surly New York City types on both sides of the law, and mixe ...
'' :Rosaria and her husband Big Tony are an Italian-American couple who live in
Jersey City Jersey City is the List of municipalities in New Jersey, second-most populous
. They constantly argue with one another. ;Miranda Kenton ''Played by Tracey Ullman'' :A narcissistic Hollywood actress.


Animated segments

''The Tracey Ullman Show'' regularly featured short animated interstitials in the first three seasons.


''Dr. N!Godatu''

"
Dr. N!Godatu M. K. Brown is an American cartoonist and painter whose work has appeared in many publications, including ''National Lampoon (magazine), National Lampoon'' (1972–1981), ''Mother Jones (magazine), Mother Jones'', ''Wimmen's Comix'', ''The Ne ...
" was a series of animated shorts created by M.K. Brown, and animated by Klasky-Csupo. It was seen during season one only, and was the first cartoon seen on Ullman's show. The shorts followed the somewhat surreal life of Dr. Janice N!Godatu, who calmly and cheerfully addressed the camera as she detailed her latest misadventure. The character was voiced by Julie Payne. The feature appeared in the first two ''Ullman'' episodes, then alternated more-or-less every other week with the "Simpsons" shorts (see below). After appearing six times, ''Dr. N!Godatu'' was dropped at the conclusion of the first season. Two additional "Dr. N!Godatu" cartoons that were prepared for the show never aired.


"The Simpsons"

The
Simpson family The Simpson family are the titular main characters featured in the animated television series ''The Simpsons''. The Simpsons are a nuclear family consisting of married couple Homer and Marge and their three children, Bart, Lisa, and Maggie. ...
debuted in short
animated cartoon Animation is a filmmaking technique whereby still images are manipulated to create moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Animati ...
s on ''The Tracey Ullman Show'', beginning with episode three of the first season. The shorts originally were presented on an occasional basis, alternating episodes with "Dr. N!Godatu", but the reaction to the Simpsons shorts was very positive, and after appearing seven times during season one, the feature was quickly promoted to full-time status, appearing in almost every episode of seasons two and three, before being spun off into a half-hour series. These shorts, also called " bumpers", aired before and after commercial breaks during the first and second seasons of the show. They eventually had their own full segments between the live-action segments during season three. Except for a repeat airing of the short "Simpson Xmas", they did not appear in the fourth and final season of ''The Tracey Ullman Show'', as they had their own half-hour TV series by then. All of them were written by Matt Groening and animated at Klasky Csupo by a team of animators consisting of David Silverman,
Wes Archer Wesley Meyer Archer (born ) is an American animation director. He is best known for directing on series such as ''The Simpsons'', ''King of the Hill'' and ''Rick and Morty'', and is a three-time Emmy Award winner. Early life and education We ...
, and
Bill Kopp William Kopp (born April 17, 1962) is an American animator, writer and voice actor. Career Kopp studied animation at the California Institute of the Arts. In 1984, he won a Merit Award from the Student Academy Awards for ''Mr. Gloom''. In 1985, ...
. ''Tracey Ullman Show'' cast members Dan Castellaneta and Julie Kavner provided the voices of
Homer Homer (; , ; possibly born ) was an Ancient Greece, Ancient Greek poet who is credited as the author of the ''Iliad'' and the ''Odyssey'', two epic poems that are foundational works of ancient Greek literature. Despite doubts about his autho ...
and
Marge Simpson Marjorie Jacqueline "Marge" Simpson () is a character in the American animated sitcom ''The Simpsons'' and part of the eponymous family (The Simpsons). Voiced by Julie Kavner, she first appeared on television in '' The Tracey Ullman Show'' s ...
, respectively. In the beginning, the drawings appeared very crude because the animators were more or less just tracing over Groening's storyboards, but as the series developed, so did the designs and layouts of the characters and the "Simpsons drawing style" was ultimately conceived. At first, they just established the basics; clothes, hair, distinctive features etc. This style evolved even more throughout the first few seasons of ''The Simpsons'', and would later be used on ''
Futurama ''Futurama'' is an American animated science fiction sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company and later revived by Comedy Central, and then Hulu. The series follows Philip J. Fry, who is cryogenically preserved for 1 ...
'' and ''
Disenchantment In social science, disenchantment () is the cultural rationalization and devaluation of religion apparent in modern society. The term was borrowed from Friedrich Schiller by Max Weber to describe the character of a modernized, bureaucratic, ...
'', which were also created by Groening.


Reception


Critical response

While the show was a critical darling, it was never a ratings juggernaut; although none of the early Fox network primetime shows generated a significant return (Fox did not crack the top 30 in the Nielsen ratings until 1990 with ''The Simpsons''). On the show's ratings, Fox president
Jamie Kellner James Charles Kellner (April 18, 1947 – June 21, 2024) was an American television executive. He was a founding president of Fox Broadcasting and founded The WB network. Kellner was chairman and CEO of Turner Broadcasting System, Inc., a divisio ...
was quoted in 1988 as saying, "We're too new new to be discouraged by ratings ..It's true that it's harder to discover Tracey on Fox than on NBC." As critic
Howard Rosenberg Howard Anthony Rosenberg (born June 10, 1938) is an American television critic, author, and educator. He worked at '' The Louisville Times'' from 1968 through 1978 and then worked at the ''Los Angeles Times'' from 1978 to 2003, where he won a P ...
of ''
The Los Angeles Times The ''Los Angeles Times'' is an American daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California, in 1881. Based in the Greater Los Angeles city of El Segundo since 2018, it is the sixth-largest newspaper in the U.S. and the larges ...
'' and ''
The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington m ...
'' pointed out, though, it was probably easier for her to survive, as the show she was producing was probably too "rule-bending" for NBC to be interested in, in the first place. The show faced practical obstacles reaching viewers, one of which was the network broadcasting via a UHF signal in many areas. Ullman was personally critical of Fox messing with the show's timeslot, something network chairman Barry Diller later conceded. "I think there was real anger about the shifting time a lot, and that was legitimate. Networks do many things that are not necessarily in the interests of a particular show, and those things are not always smart. We had a very large audience for a very special show-but it wasn't large enough. Certain things take time. As the world speeds up, the rhythm of this show will become consistent with the rhythm of the audience. But it might take 10 years. I think the 80-something shows they did will be like ''The Honeymooners''. I don't know when. But it's going to be pure, driven gold. We expect to get every nickel back. Plus, plus, plus." "It should've been on Sunday night. I think a great lineup would've been ''The Simpsons'' followed by Tracey, on Sunday night.", said Matt Groening in 1991. Despite its issues with the ratings, the show retained a devoted fan base and became a cult hit right up until the end. It also helped the Fox network gain credibility within the industry. ''Married... with Children'', the series that launched the same night as the ''Ullman'' show, was mired in controversy and soon became branded low-brow humor.


Accolades

The show won a total of 10
Primetime Emmy Awards The Primetime Emmy Awards, or Primetime Emmys, are part of the extensive range of Emmy Awards for artistic and technical merit for the American television industry. Owned and operated by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS), the P ...
including Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Program in 1989 and 1990, and Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program in 1990. Also in 1989, choreographer Paula Abdul won the
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography This is a list of winners of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Choreography. With the exception of 2013, the award is given at the Creative Arts Emmy Awards ceremony. Starting in 2019, separate awards are given for scripted programs and ...
for her work on the show.


Distribution


International

When ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' first appeared on British television, the
BBC The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England. Originally established in 1922 as the British Broadcasting Company, it evolved into its current sta ...
aired the first seven episodes unedited. The broadcaster then decided to cut six minutes from the show, specifically the Simpsons shorts. "The BBC said the only thing they didn't like about the show was those weird little animated characters and suggested maybe they could get rid of them because they would never catch on," Ullman later recalled. Despite their aversion to the cartoon shorts, she attempted to convince the broadcaster to buy the rights to ''The Simpsons'' television series, saying that it would be a mistake not to.
Sky The sky is an unobstructed view upward from the planetary surface, surface of the Earth. It includes the atmosphere of Earth, atmosphere and outer space. It may also be considered a place between the ground and outer space, thus distinct from ...
ended up buying the show. When the last batch of episodes were screened in 1991, the episodes were aired in full. ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' aired on
BBC Two BBC Two is a British free-to-air Public service broadcasting in the United Kingdom, public broadcast television channel owned and operated by the BBC. It is the corporation's second flagship channel, and it covers a wide range of subject matte ...
in the UK,
Network 10 Network 10 (commonly known as the 10 Network, Channel 10 or simply 10) is an Australian commercial television network. It is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Paramount Global's UK & Australia division and is one of the five national free-to-a ...
in Australia, and
TVNZ Television New Zealand (, "Te Reo Tātaki" meaning "The Leading Voice"), more commonly referred to as TVNZ, is a New Zealand state-owned media company and Crown entity. The company operates a television network, streaming service, and news se ...
in New Zealand.


Syndication

Reruns of the show appeared on Lifetime and
Comedy Central Comedy Central is an American Cable television in the United States, cable television channel, channel owned by Paramount Global through its Paramount Media Networks, network division's Paramount Media Networks#MTV Entertainment Group, MTV Ente ...
throughout the 1990s in the United States.


Home media

, ''The Tracey Ullman Show'' has never been commercially released through any home media platform. In a 2017 interview, Tracey Ullman theorized that music clearance issues may be to blame. A selection of the Simpsons shorts were released from 1997 through 1999 on ''The Simpsons''
VHS VHS (Video Home System) is a discontinued standard for consumer-level analog video recording on tape cassettes, introduced in 1976 by JVC. It was the dominant home video format throughout the tape media period of the 1980s and 1990s. Ma ...
home video releases. The first Simpsons short called "Good Night" was included as a special feature on ''The Simpsons: The Complete First Season''
DVD The DVD (common abbreviation for digital video disc or digital versatile disc) is a digital optical disc data storage format. It was invented and developed in 1995 and first released on November 1, 1996, in Japan. The medium can store any ki ...
box set released on September 25, 2001. The sketch "Due Diligence" featuring actor-comedian
Mel Brooks Melvin James Brooks (né Kaminsky; born June 28, 1926) is an American actor, comedian, filmmaker, and songwriter. With a career spanning over seven decades, he is known as a writer and director of a variety of successful broad farces and parodie ...
was released as an extra on ''The Incredible Mel Brooks: An Irresistible Collection of Unhinged Comedy'' DVD in 2012.


Notes


References


Further reading

* * *


External links

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Tracey Ullman Show, The 1987 American television series debuts 1990 American television series endings 1980s American musical comedy television series 1980s American sketch comedy television series 1980s American variety television series 1990s American musical comedy television series 1990s American sketch comedy television series 1990s American variety television series 1980s American LGBTQ-related comedy television series 1990s American LGBTQ-related comedy television series American television series with live action and animation American English-language television shows Fox Broadcasting Company original programming Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Series winners Television series by 20th Century Fox Television Television series created by James L. Brooks Television series by Gracie Films The Simpsons Tracey Ullman Comedy franchises