Indian mathematicians have made a number of contributions to mathematics that have significantly influenced scientists and mathematicians in the modern era. One of such works is Hindu numeral system which is predominantly used today and is likely to be used in the future.

Ancient (Before 320 CE)

Shulba sutras The ''Shulva Sutras'' or ''Śulbasūtras'' (Sanskrit: शुल्बसूत्र; ': "string, cord, rope") are sutra texts belonging to the Śrauta ritual and containing geometry related to vedi (altar), fire-altar construction. Purpose and ...

(around 1st millenium BCE) *

Baudhayana sutras The (Sanskrit: बौधायन सूत्रस् ) are a group of Vedic Sanskrit texts which cover dharma, daily ritual, mathematics and is one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from th ...

(fl. c. 900 BCE) *

Yajnavalkya Yajnavalkya or Yagyavalkya (, International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration, IAST:) is a Hindu Vedic sage prominently mentioned in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (c. 700 BCE) and Taittiriya Upanishad, ''Tattiriya Upanishad''., Quote: "Yajnav ...

(700 BCE) *

Manava Manava (c. 750 BC – 690 BC) is an author of the Hindu geometric text of ''Sulba Sutras.'' The Manava Sulbasutra is not the oldest (the one by Baudhayana is older), nor is it one of the most important, there being at least three Sulbasut ...

(fl. 750–650 BCE) *

Apastamba Dharmasutra ''Āpastamba Dharmasūtra'' (Sanskrit: आपस्तम्ब धर्मसूत्र) is a Sanskrit text and one of the oldest Dharma-post vedic smriti related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st millenniu ...

(c. 600 BCE) *''

Pāṇini (; , ) was a Sanskrit grammarian, logician, philologist, and revered scholar in ancient India during the mid-1st millennium BCE, dated variously by most scholars between the 6th–5th and 4th century BCE. The historical facts of his life ar ...

'' (c. 520–460 BCE) *

Kātyāyana Kātyāyana (कात्यायन) also spelled as Katyayana ( century BCE) was a Sanskrit grammarian, mathematician and Vedic priest who lived in ancient India. Origins According to some legends, he was born in the Katya lineage origina ...

(fl. c. 300 BCE) * Akṣapada Gautama(c. 600 BCE–200 CE) *

Bharata Muni Bharata (Devanagari: भरत) was a '' muni'' (sage) of ancient India. He is traditionally attributed authorship of the influential performing arts treatise '' Natya Shastra'', which covers ancient Indian dance, poetics, dramaturgy, and music ...

(200 BCE-200 CE) *

Pingala Acharya Pingala (; c. 3rd2nd century BCE) was an ancient Indian poet and mathematician, and the author of the ' (), also called the ''Pingala-sutras'' (), the earliest known treatise on Sanskrit prosody. The ' is a work of eight chapters in the ...

(c. 3rd/2nd century BCE) * Bhadrabahu (367 – 298 BCE) *

Umasvati Vācaka Umāsvāti, also spelled as Vācaka Umasvati and known as Vācaka Umāsvāmī, was an Indian scholar, possibly between the 2nd and 5th centuries CE, known for his foundational writings on Jainism. He authored the Jainatext ''Tattvartha ...

(c. 200 CE) * Yavaneśvara (2nd century) * Vasishtha Siddhanta, 4th century CE

Classical (320 CE–520 CE)

* Vasishtha Siddhanta, 4th century CE *

Aryabhata Aryabhata ( ISO: ) or Aryabhata I (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy. His works include the '' Āryabhaṭīya'' (which mentions that in 3600 ' ...

(476–550 CE) * Yativrsabha (500–570) * Varahamihira (505–587 CE) *

Yativṛṣabha Yativṛṣabha (Yativrishabha), also known as Jadivasaha, was a mathematician and Jain monk. He is believed to have lived during the 6th century, probably during 500–570. He studied under Arya Manksu and Nagahastin. He lived and worked betw ...

, (6th-century CE) *

Virahanka Virahanka (Devanagari: विरहाङ्क) was an Indian prosodist who is also known for his work on mathematics. He may have lived in the 6th century, but it is also possible that he worked as late as the 8th century. His work on prosod ...

(6th century CE)

Early Medieval Period (521 CE–1206 CE)

Brahmagupta Brahmagupta ( – ) was an Indian Indian mathematics, mathematician and Indian astronomy, astronomer. He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the ''Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta'' (BSS, "correctly established Siddhanta, do ...

(598–670 CE) * Bhaskara I (600–680 CE) *

Shridhara Śrīdhara or Śrīdharācārya (8th–9th century) was an Indian mathematician, known for two extant treatises about arithmetic and practical mathematics, ''Pāṭīgaṇita'' and ''Pāṭīgaṇita-sāra'', and a now-lost treatise about algebra ...

(between 650–850 CE) *

Lalla Lalla ( 720–790 CE) was an Indian Indian mathematics, mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer who belonged to a family of astronomers. Lalla was the son of Trivikrama Bhatta and the grandson of Śâmba."Lalla." Complete Dictionary of Scientif ...

(c. 720–790 CE) *

Virasena Acharya Virasena (792-853 CE), also spelt as Veerasena, was a Digambara monk and belonged to the lineage of Acharya Kundakunda. He was an Indian mathematician and Jain philosopher and scholar. He was also known as a famous orator and an accom ...

(792–853 CE) *

Govindasvāmi Govindasvāmi (or Govindasvāmin, Govindaswami) (c. 800 – c. 860) was an Indian mathematical astronomer most famous for his ''Bhashya'', a commentary on the ''Mahābhāskarīya'' of Bhāskara I, written around 830. The commentary contains many ...

(c. 800 – c. 860 CE) *

Prithudaka Chaturveda Prithudaka Swami () was an Indian mathematician best known for his work on solving equations. He also wrote an important commentary on Brahmagupta Brahmagupta ( – ) was an Indian Indian mathematics, mathematician and Indian astro ...

(c. 830 – c. 900CE) *

Śaṅkaranārāyaṇa Sankaranarayana (c. 840 – c. 900 AD) was an Indian astronomer-mathematician in the court of Sthanu Ravi Kulasekhara (c. 844 – c. 870 AD) of the early medieval Chera kingdom in Kerala. He is celebrated as the author of ''Laghubhaskariyaviv ...

, (c. 840 – c. 900 CE) *

Vaṭeśvara Vaṭeśvara ( ) (born c. 880), was a tenth-century Indian mathematician from Kashmir who presented several trigonometric identities. He was the author (at the age of 24) of the '' Vaṭeśvara-siddhānta,'' written in 904 AD, a treatise focusi ...

(born 880 CE) *

Mahavira Mahavira (Devanagari: महावीर, ), also known as Vardhamana (Devanagari: वर्धमान, ), was the 24th ''Tirthankara'' (Supreme Preacher and Ford Maker) of Jainism. Although the dates and most historical details of his lif ...

(9th century CE) *

Jayadeva Jayadeva (; born ), also spelt Jaideva, was a Sanskrit poet during the 12th century. He is most known for his epic poem ''Gita Govinda'' which concentrates on Krishna's love with the ''gopi'', Radha, in a rite of spring. This poem, which presen ...

9th century CE *

Aryabhata II Āryabhaṭa (c. 920 – c. 1000) was an Indian mathematician and astronomer, and the author of the ''Maha-Siddhanta''. The numeral II is given to him to distinguish him from the earlier and more influential Āryabhaṭa I. Scholars are ...

(920 – c. 1000) * Mañjula (astronomer) (born 932) * Vijayanandi (c. 940–1010) * Halayudha 10th Century *

Bhoja Bhoja was the Paramara dynasty, Paramara king of Malwa from 1010 until his death in 1055. He ruled from Dhara (city), Dhara (modern Dhar), and Military career of Bhoja, fought wars with nearly all his neighbours in attempts to extend his king ...

(c. 990-1055 CE) *

Śrīpati Śrīpati ( – 1066), also transliterated as Shri-pati, was an Indian astronomer, astrologer and mathematician. His major works include ''Dhīkotida-karana'' (1039), a work of twenty verses on solar eclipse, solar and lunar eclipses; ''Dhruva-mān ...

(1019–1066) * Abhayadeva Suri (1050 CE) * Brahmadeva (1060–1130) * Pavuluri Mallana (11th century CE) *

Hemachandra Hemacandra was a 12th century () Śvetāmbara Jaina acharya, ācārya, scholar, poet, mathematician, philosopher, yogi, wikt:grammarian, grammarian, Law, law theorist, historian, Lexicography, lexicographer, rhetorician, logician, and Prosody ...

(1087–1172 CE) * Bhaskara II (1114–1185 CE) *

Someshvara III Someshvara III (; ) was a Western Chalukya king (also known as the Kalyani Chalukyas), the son and successor of Vikramaditya VI. He ascended the throne of the Western Chalukya Kingdom in 1126 CE, or 1127 CE. Someshvara III, the third king i ...

(1127–1138 CE) *

Śārṅgadeva __NOTOC__ Śārṅgadeva (1175–1247), also spelled Sharngadeva or Sarnga Deva, was a 13th-century Indian musicologist who authored ''Sangita Ratnakara'' – a Sanskrit text on music and drama. It is considered to be the authoritative treatise ...

(1175-1247)

Late Medieval Period (1206–1526)

13th Century

* Thakkar Pheru( 1291– 1347)

14th century

* Mahendra Suri (1340 – 1400) * Narayana Pandita (1325–1400) * Makaranda (fl. 1438-1478) * Keshava of Nandigrama (fl. 1496–1507)

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

* Gangesha Upadhyaya (first half of the 14th century)

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

Madhava of Sangamagrama Mādhava of Sangamagrāma (Mādhavan) Availabl/ref> () was an Indian mathematician and astronomer who is considered to be the founder of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics in the Late Middle Ages. Madhava made pioneering contributio ...

(c. 1340 – c. 1425) *

Parameshvara Vatasseri Parameshvara Nambudiri ( 1380–1460) was a major Indian mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics founded by Madhava of Sangamagrama. He was also an astrologer. Parameshvara was a proponent of ...

(1360–1455), discovered drek-ganita, a mode of astronomy based on observations

15th century

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

* Chennas Narayanan Namboodiripad (born 1428) *

Nilakantha Somayaji Keļallur Nīlakaṇṭha Somayāji (14 June 1444 – 1544), also referred to as Keļallur Comatiri, was a mathematician and astronomer of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. One of his most influential works was the comprehens ...

(1444–1545), mathematician and astronomer *

Damodara Vatasseri Damodara Nambudiri was an astronomer-mathematician of the Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics who flourished during the fifteenth century CE. He was a son of Paramesvara (1360–1425) who developed the ''drigganita'' system of a ...

(15th century)

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

* Raghunatha Siromani (1475–1550)

Early Modern Period (1527– 1800)

16th Century

* Gaṇeśa Daivajna (born 1507, fl. 1520-1554)

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

* Chitrabhanu (16th Century) * Shankara Variyar (c. 1530) * Jyeshtadeva (1500–1610), author of ''

Yuktibhāṣā ''Yuktibhāṣā'' (), also known as Gaṇita-yukti-bhāṣā and ( English: ''Compendium of Astronomical Rationale''), is a major treatise on mathematics and astronomy, written by the Indian astronomer Jyesthadeva of the Kerala school of mat ...

'' * Paarangot Jyeshtadevan Namboodiri (AD 1500–1610) *

Achyuta Pisharati In Hinduism, Achyuta (, ) is an epithet of Vishnu and appears as the 100th and 318th names in the Vishnu sahasranama, Vishnu Sahasranama. It is also often used in the Bhagavad Gita as a personal name of Krishna. According to Adi Shankara's comm ...

(1550–1621), mathematician and astronomer *

Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri Melpathur Narayana Bhattathiri (Mēlpattūr Nārāyaṇa Bhaṭṭatiri; 1560–1646/1666), third student of Achyuta Pisharati, was a member of Madhava of Sangamagrama's Kerala school of astronomy and mathematics. He was a mathematical linguist ...

(1560–1646/1666)

Golagrama school of astronomy

* Nṛsiṃha (born 1586) * Mallari (fl.1575)

17th Century

* Kṛṣṇa Daivajña (17th century) * Ataullah Rashidi (17th century) * Munishvara (born 1603) * Mulla Jaunpuri (1606–1651) * Puthumana Somayaji (c. 1660–1740)

Golagrama school of astronomy

* Kamalakara (1616 – 1700) * Divākara (born 1606) (see items 2890. 2891 in p.1026)

18th Century

Jagannatha Samrat Paṇḍita Jagannātha Samrāṭ (1652–1744) was an Indian astronomer and mathematician who served in the court of Jai Singh II of Amber, and was also his guru. Jagannātha, whose father's name was Gaṇeśa, and grandfather's Viṭṭhala wa ...

(1652–1744) *

Jai Singh II Sawai Jai Singh II (3 November 1688 – 21 September 1743), was the 30th Kachwaha Rajput ruler of the Kingdom of Amber, who later founded the fortified city of Jaipur and made it his capital. He became the ruler of Amber at the age of 11, after ...

(1681 – 1743) Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy * Sankara Varman (1774–1839)

Modern (1800–Present)

19th century

20th century

Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai Subbayya Sivasankaranarayana Pillai (5 April 1901 – 31 August 1950) was an Indian mathematician specialising in number theory. His contribution to Waring's problem was described in 1950 by K. S. Chandrasekharan as "almost certainly his best ...

(1901–1950) * Raj Chandra Bose (1901–1987) * Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan (1902–1955) * Dattaraya Ramchandra Kaprekar (1905–1986) *

Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi (31 July 1907 – 29 June 1966) was an Indian polymath with interests in mathematics, statistics, philology, history, and genetics. He contributed to genetics by introducing the ''Kosambi map function''. In statis ...

(1907-1966) * Lakkoju Sanjeevaraya Sharma (1907–1998) * Sarvadaman Chowla (1907-1995) *

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (; 19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995) was an Indian Americans, Indian-American theoretical physicist who made significant contributions to the scientific knowledge about the structure of stars, stellar evolution and ...

(1910–1995) * Subbaramiah Minakshisundaram (1913–1968) * P Kesava Menon (1917–1979) * S. S. Shrikhande (1917–2020) *

Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya (P.C.Vaidya; 23 May 1918 – 12 March 2010), was an Indian physicist and mathematician, renowned for his instrumental work in the general theory of relativity. Apart from his scientific career, he was also an education ...

(1918–2010) * Anil Kumar Gain (1919–1978) * Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao (1920–2023) *

Mathukumalli V. Subbarao Mathukumalli (Matukumalli) Venkata Subbarao (May 4, 1921 – February 15, 2006) was an Indo-Canadian mathematician, specialising in number theory. He was a long-time resident of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Subbarao was born in the small village ...

(1921–2006) *

Harish-Chandra Harish-Chandra (né Harishchandra) FRS (11 October 1923 – 16 October 1983) was an Indian-American mathematician and physicist who did fundamental work in representation theory, especially harmonic analysis on semisimple Lie groups. Early ...

(1923–1983) * P. K. Srinivasan (1924–2005) * Raghu Raj Bahadur (1924–1997) * Madan Lal Puri (born 1929) *

Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar (22 July 1930 – 2 November 2012) was an Indian American mathematician known for his contributions to algebraic geometry. At the time of his death, he held the Marshall Distinguished Professor of Mathematics Chair ...

(1930-2012) * C. S. Seshadri (1932–2020) * Daya-Nand Verma (1933–2010) * M. S. Narasimhan (1932–2021) * J. N. Srivastava (1933-2010) * Srinivasacharya Raghavan (1934–2014) * K. S. S. Nambooripad (1935–2020) * Ramaiyengar Sridharan (born 1935) * Vinod Johri (1935–2014) * Karamat Ali Karamat (1936–2022) * K. R. Parthasarathy (1936–2023) * S. N. Seshadri (1937–1986) * Ramdas L. Bhirud (1937–1997) * S. Ramanan (born 1937) * Pranab K. Sen (1937–2023) * Veeravalli S. Varadarajan (1937–2019) * Jayanta Kumar Ghosh (1937–2017) *

Raghavan Narasimhan Raghavan Narasimhan (August 31, 1937 – October 3, 2015) was an Indian mathematician at the University of Chicago who worked on real and complex manifolds and who solved the Levi problem for complex manifolds. Early life and education He ...

(1937-2015) * C. P. Ramanujam (1938–1974) * V. N. Bhat (1938–2009) * S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan (born 1940) * M. S. Raghunathan (born 1941) * Ravindra Shripad Kulkarni (born 1942) * Vashishtha Narayan Singh (1942–2019) * C. R. Rao (1920–2023) * Thiruvenkatachari Parthasarathy (1940–2023) * S. B. Rao (born 1943) * Phoolan Prasad (born 1944) * Gopal Prasad (born 1945) * Rajagopalan Parthasarathy (born 1945) * Vijay Kumar Patodi (1945–1976) * Vikram Bhagvandas Mehta (1946-2014) * S. G. Dani (born 1947) * Raman Parimala (born 1948) * Singhi Navin M. (born 1949) * Sujatha Ramdorai (born 1962) * R. Balasubramanian (born 1951) * M. Ram Murty (born 1953) *

Alok Bhargava Alok Bhargava (born 13 July 1954) is an Indian econometrician. He studied mathematics at Delhi University and economics and econometrics at the London School of Economics. He is currently a full professor at the University of Maryland Schoo ...

(born 1954) * Madhav V. Nori (born 1954) *

Rattan Chand Rattan Chand(born 10 May 1955) is an Indian Health Economist and former senior bureaucrat who has served Government of India at various positions for more than 35 years. Apart from working at senior positions in Government of India he has also ...

(born 1955) * Gadadhar Misra (born 1956) *

V. Kumar Murty Vijaya Kumar Murty (born 20 May 1956) is an Indo-Canadian mathematician working in number theory. Biography Murty obtained his BSc in 1977 from Carleton University and his PhD in mathematics in 1982 from Harvard University under John Tate (mathe ...

(born 1956) * Rajendra Bhatia (born 1952) *

Narendra Karmarkar Narendra Krishna Karmarkar (born 1956) is an Indian mathematician. He developed Karmarkar's algorithm. He is listed as an ISI highly cited researcher. He invented one of the first probably polynomial time algorithms for linear programming, w ...

(born 1957) * T. N. Venkataramana (born 1958) * Dipendra Prasad (born 1960) * Dinesh Thakur (born 1961) *

Manindra Agrawal Manindra Agrawal (born 20 May 1966) is an Indian computer scientist and director of Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. He is also a professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Ka ...

(born 1966) *

Madhu Sudan Madhu Sudan (born 12 September 1966) is an Indian-American computer scientist. He has been a Gordon McKay Professor of Computer Science at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences since 2015. Career He received hi ...

(born 1966) * Suresh Venapally (born 1966) * Chandrashekhar Khare (born 1968) * U. S. R. Murty * L. Mahadevan (born 1965) * Kapil Hari Paranjape (born 1960) *

Vijay Vazirani Vijay Virkumar Vazirani (; b. 1957) is an Indian American distinguished professor of computer science in the Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. Education and career Vazirani first maj ...

(born 1957) * Umesh Vazirani (born 1959) * Prasad V. Tetali (born 1964) * Mahan Mj (born 1968) * Rahul Pandharipande (born 1969) * Santosh Vempala (born 1971) *

Kannan Soundararajan Kannan Soundararajan (born December 27, 1973) is an Indian-born American mathematician and a professor of mathematics at Stanford University. Before moving to Stanford in 2006, he was a faculty member at University of Michigan, where he had also ...

(born 1973) * Kiran Kedlaya (born 1974) *

Manjul Bhargava Manjul Bhargava (born 8 August 1974) is a Canadian-American mathematician. He is the Brandon Fradd, Class of 1983, Professor of Mathematics at Princeton University, the Stieltjes Professor of Number Theory at Leiden University, and also holds A ...

(born 1974) * Ritabrata Munshi (born 1976) * Amit Garg (born 1978) *

Subhash Khot Subhash Khot (born 10 June 1978 in Ichalkaranji) is an Indian-American mathematician and theoretical computer scientist who is the Julius Silver Professor of Computer Science in the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York Uni ...

(born 1978) *

Sourav Chatterjee Sourav Chatterjee (born 26 November 1979) is an Indian Bengali mathematician from West Bengal, specializing in mathematical statistics and probability theory. Chatterjee is credited with work on the study of fluctuations in random structures, ...

(born 1979) * Akshay Venkatesh (born 1981) * Sucharit Sarkar (born 1983) *

Neena Gupta Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and television along with few Malayalam films. She has received several awards including three National Film Awards, a Filmfare Award and two ...

(born 1984) * Bhargav Bhatt (born 1983)

References

External links

Famous Indian Mathematicians
{{DEFAULTSORT:Indian mathematicians **

Indian mathematicians Indian mathematicians have made a number of contributions to mathematics that have significantly influenced scientists and mathematicians in the modern era. One of such works is Hindu numeral system which is predominantly used today and is likely ...

mathematicians

Ancient (Before 320 CE)

Classical (320 CE–520 CE)

Early Medieval Period (521 CE–1206 CE)

Late Medieval Period (1206–1526)

13th Century

14th century

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

15th century

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

Navya-Nyāya (Neo-Logical) School

Early Modern Period (1527– 1800)

16th Century

Kerala School of Mathematics and Astronomy

Golagrama school of astronomy

17th Century

Golagrama school of astronomy

18th Century

Modern (1800–Present)

19th century

20th century

See also

References

External links