''Graphium'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of mostly tropical swallowtail

butterflies Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises t ...

commonly known as swordtails, kite swallowtails, or ladies. Native to

Eurasia Eurasia (, ) is the largest continental area on Earth, comprising all of Europe and Asia. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelag ...

, Africa, and

Oceania Oceania (, , ) is a region, geographical region that includes Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Spanning the Eastern Hemisphere, Eastern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of ...

, the genus is represented by over 100

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

. Their colouration is as variable as the habitats they frequent; from

rainforest Rainforests are characterized by a closed and continuous tree canopy, moisture-dependent vegetation, the presence of epiphytes and lianas and the absence of wildfire. Rainforest can be classified as tropical rainforest or temperate rainfo ...

savanna A savanna or savannah is a mixed woodland-grassland (i.e. grassy woodland) ecosystem characterised by the trees being sufficiently widely spaced so that the canopy does not close. The open canopy allows sufficient light to reach the ground to ...

h. Some possess tails which may be long and swordlike, while others lack any hindwing extensions. ''Graphium'' species are often sighted at mud puddles. The more colourful species are popular with collectors and are commonly seen mounted in frames for sale. Well-known species include the

tailed jay ''Graphium agamemnon'', the tailed jay, is a predominantly green and black tropical butterfly that belongs to the Swallowtail butterfly, swallowtail family (biology), family. The butterfly is also called the green-spotted triangle, tailed green j ...

(''Graphium agamemnon''),

common bluebottle ''Graphium sarpedon'', the common bluebottle or blue triangle in Australia, is a species of swallowtail butterfly that is found in South and Southeast Asia, as well as eastern Australia. There are approximately sixteen subspecies with differin ...

(''G. sarpedon''), and the purple-spotted swallowtail (''G. weiskei''). One species, '' G. idaeoides'', is notable for being a perfect mimic of the danainid '' Idea leuconoe''. Larvae feed variously on

Annonaceae The Annonaceae are a family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest family in the M ...

(most commonly), Magnoliaceae (commonly),

Lauraceae Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ). They are dicotyledons, and occur m ...

(commonly),

Rutaceae The Rutaceae is a family, commonly known as the rueRUTACEAE
in BoDD – Botanical Der ...

, Dioscoreaceae, Bombacaceae,

Piperaceae The Piperaceae (), also known as the pepper family, are a large family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,600 currently accepted species in 5 genera. The vast majority of species can be found within the two main genera: '' Piper'' ...

Anacardiaceae The Anacardiaceae, commonly known as the cashew family or sumac family, are a family of flowering plants, including about 83 genera with about 860 known species. Members of the Anacardiaceae bear fruits that are drupes and in some cases produce ...

Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (from ''Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane family, because some taxa were used as dog poison Members of the ...

Malpighiaceae Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 73 genera and 1315 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics. About 80% of the genera and 90% of the species occur in the New Worl ...

Hernandiaceae The Hernandiaceae are a family of flowering plants (angiosperms) in the order Laurales. Consisting of five genera with about 58 known species, they are distributed over the world's tropical areas, some of them widely distributed in coastal area ...

Guttiferae The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae Juss. (1789) (''nom. alt. et cons.'' = alternative and valid name) are a family of plants including 13 genera and ca 750 species. Several former members of Clusiacae are now placed in Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae. ...

Monimiaceae The Monimiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the magnoliid order Laurales.Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Monimiaceae" At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Botanical Databases At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External link ...

, Pandanaceae, Winteraceae, and

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as '' Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, ...

Species

Listed alphabetically: subgenus: ''Idaides'' :

species group In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

: ''codrus'' ::* '' Graphium anthedon'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1864) – Wallacea bluebottle ::* ''

Graphium cloanthus ''Graphium cloanthus'', the glassy bluebottle, is a common, non-threatened tropical butterfly of the family Papilionidae. Description Upperside, forewing: costal margin up to a line through the anterior half of the cell to the apex of the wing an ...

'' (Westwood, 1841) – glassy bluebottle ::* '' Graphium codrus'' (Cramer, 777 – eastern olive triangle ::* '' Graphium empedocles'' (Fabricius, 1787), originally ''Papilio empedocles'' Fabricius, 1787; ''Mantissa Insectorum'' 2: 10, no. 94 = homonym of ''Papilio empedocles'' Cramer, 1779; replaced by ''empedovana'' Corbet, 1941. ::* '' Graphium empedovana'' (Corbet, 1941) ::* '' Graphium gelon'' (Boisduval, 1859) ::* '' Graphium macleayanus'' (Leach, 1814) – Macleay's swallowtail ::* '' Graphium mendana'' ( Godman & Salvin, 1888) ::* '' Graphium monticolus'' (Fruhstorfer, 1896) – Sulawesi blue triangle ::* ?'' Graphium protensor'' (Gistel,1857) ''Papilio protensor'' Gistel, J.,1857 Achthundert und zwanzig neue oder unbeschriebene wirbellose Theire charakterisirt von Doctor Johannes Gistel ''Vacuna'' 2(2):513-606. synonym of ''

Graphium sarpedon ''Graphium sarpedon'', the common bluebottle or blue triangle in Australia, is a species of swallowtail butterfly that is found in South and Southeast Asia, as well as eastern Australia. There are approximately sixteen subspecies with differi ...

'' ::* ''

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – common bluebottle or blue triangle ::* '' Graphium stresemanni'' ( Rothschild, 1916) ::* ''

Graphium weiskei ''Graphium weiskei'', the purple spotted swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the swallowtail family; Papilionidae. It is found only in the highlands of New Guinea. These swallowtails live in elevations of . The name honours the collector ...

'' (Ribbe, 1900) – purple spotted swallowtail :species group: ''eurypylus'' ::* '' Graphium agamemnon'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – tailed jay or green-spotted triangle ::* '' Graphium arycles'' (Boisduval, 1836) – spotted jay ::* ''

Graphium bathycles ''Graphium bathycles'', the veined jay, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae, that is found in the Indomalayan realm. Subspecies *''Graphium bathycles bathycles'' (nominate: Java; undifferentiated: China, Sikkim to Assam, Burma) *''Graphium ...

'' (Zinken, 1831) ::* ''

Graphium chironides ''Graphium chironides'', the veined jay, is a species of butterfly found in Assam and other parts of Northeast India and Southeast Asia. Description Closely resembles in colour and in the disposition of the markings ''Graphium eurypylus' ...

'' (Honrath, 1884) – veined jay ::* ''

Graphium doson ''Graphium doson'', the common jay, is a black, tropical papilionid (swallowtail) butterfly with pale blue semi-transparent central wing bands that are formed by large spots. There is a marginal series of smaller spots. The underside of wings i ...

'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1864) – common jay ::* ''

Graphium eurypylus ''Graphium eurypylus'', the great jay or pale green triangle, is a species of tropical butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. Etymology The specific name ''eurypylus'' likely comes from the name Eurypylus, a Thessalian king who lead the ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – great jay or pale green triangle ::* ''

Graphium evemon ''Graphium evemon'', the blue jay, lesser jay, or pale green triangle is a species of tropical butterfly found in India, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Very similar to ''Graphium eurypylus ''Graphium eurypylus'', the great jay or pale green tr ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) – lesser jay ::* '' Graphium leechi'' (Rothschild, 1895) ::* ''

Graphium macfarlanei ''Graphium macfarlanei'', the green triangle butterfly or green triangle, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found along the northern Gulf and north-eastern coast of Queensland, Australia; as well as on the Moluccas, New Guin ...

'' (Butler, 1877) – green triangle butterfly or green triangle ::* ''

Graphium meeki The Meek's graphium (''Graphium meeki'') is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Etymology The name honours the English bird collector and naturalist Albert Stewart Meek. R ...

'' (Rothschild & Jordan, 1901) – Meek's graphium ::* '' Graphium meyeri'' (Hopffer, 1874) ::* '' Graphium procles'' (Grose-Smith, 1887) :species group: ''wallacei'' ::* ''

Graphium browni ''Graphium browni'' is a butterfly found in Oceania - New Britain, Duke of York Islands, New Hanover Island and St Matthias Islands - that belongs to the Swallowtail butterfly, swallowtail family. Description The discal band of the hindwing narr ...

'' (Godman & Salvin, 1879) ::* ''

Graphium hicetaon ''Graphium hicetaon'' is a butterfly found in the Solomon Islands - Bougainville Island, Choiseul Island, Shortland Island, Florida Island, Guadalcanal, New Georgia Group and Ugi Island - that belongs to the swallowtail family. Taxonomy ''G ...

'' (Mathew, 1886) ::* ''

Graphium sandawanum ''Graphium sandawanum'', the Apo swallowtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Taxonomy ''Graphium hicetaon'' belongs to the ''wallacei'' species group. This clade has four members: *'' Gr ...

'' Yamamoto, 1977 – Apo swallowtail ::* ''

Graphium wallacei ''Graphium wallacei'' is a butterfly found in New Guinea and the Moluccas that belongs to the swallowtail family. Subspecies *''G. w. wallacei'' ( Aru Islands, western Irian, New Guinea) *''G. w. rubrosignatus'' (Rothschild, 1895) (Halmaher ...

'' (Hewitson, 1858) subgenus: ''Arisbe'' Hübner,

819 __NOTOC__ Year 819 (Roman numerals, DCCCXIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Spring – Emperor Louis the Pious, Louis I marries Judith ...

/small> :species group: ''antheus'' ::* ''

Graphium antheus ''Graphium antheus'', the large or larger striped swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails), found in tropical and sub-Saharan Africa.779 – large striped swordtail ::* ''

Graphium evombar ''Graphium evombar'' is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found on Madagascar and the Comoros. The habitat consists of forests. Description Markings of the upper surface greenish white; the middle cell of the forewing with 5 almos ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) :species group: ''policenes'' ::* ''

Graphium biokoensis ''Graphium biokoensis'', the Gauthier's striped swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in eastern Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, Bioko, Cameroon, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, the eastern part of the Dem ...

'' Gauthier, 1984 – Gauthier's striped swordtail ::* ''

Graphium colonna ''Graphium colonna'', the black swordtail or mamba swordtail, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Africa (Liberia, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Togo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Democrati ...

'' (Ward, 1873) – black swordtail or mamba swordtail ::* ''

Graphium gudenusi ''Graphium gudenusi'' is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Burundi and Uganda. Its habitat consists of forests. It is a generally scarce species. Males fly along the banks of ...

'' (Rebel, 1911) ::* ''

Graphium illyris ''Graphium illyris'', the cream-banded swordtail, is a forest butterfly of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae). It is native to the Afrotropical realm. Description The markings of the upper surface yellow; the median band curved slightly bas ...

'' (Hewitson, 1872) - cream-banded swordtail ::* ''

Graphium junodi ''Graphium junodi'', the Junod's swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, Mozambique and along the eastern border of Zimbabwe. The habitat consist ...

'' (Trimen, 1893) – Junod's swordtail ::* ''

Graphium kirbyi ''Graphium kirbyi'', the Kirby's swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found along the coast of Kenya and from the coast of Tanzania, inland to Morogoro. The habitat consists of coastal forests. Description The hindwing ...

'' (Hewitson, 1872) – Kirby's swordtail ::* ''

Graphium liponesco ''Graphium liponesco'', the long-tailed striped swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo and western Nigeria. Its habitat consists of wet and moist forests in good conditi ...

'' (Suffert, 1904) ::* '' Graphium policenes'' (Cramer, 775 – small striped swordtail or common swordtail ::* '' Graphium policenoides'' (Holland, 1892) ::* ''

Graphium polistratus ''Graphium polistratus'', the dancing swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the coast of Kenya, Tanzania, northern Malawi and Mozambique. Its habitat con ...

'' (Grose-Smith, 1889) – dancing swordtail ::* '' Graphium porthaon'' (Hewitson, 1865) – coastal swordtail, cream-striped swordtail, or dark swordtail :species group: ''angolanus'' ::* ''

Graphium angolanus ''Graphium angolanus'', the Angola white lady, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Sub-Saharan Africa.Graphium endochus ''Graphium endochus'' is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in northern and eastern Madagascar and Mozambique. The habitat consists of forests. Description Diagnostic- Hindwing beneath with 4—5 free red subdiscal spots in 1 c� ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) ::* '' Graphium morania'' (Angas, 1849) – white lady (swallowtail) or small white-lady swordtail ::* ''

Graphium ridleyanus __NOTOC__ ''Graphium ridleyanus'', the acraea swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in eastern Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Sao Tome and Principe, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the C ...

'' (White, 1843) - acraea swordtail ::* '' Graphium schaffgotschi'' (Niepelt, 1927) – Schaffgotsch's swordtail ::* '' Graphium taboranus'' (Oberthür, 1886) :species group: ''leonidas'' ::* '' Graphium cyrnus'' (Boisduval, 1836) ::* ''

Graphium leonidas ''Graphium leonidas'', the veined swordtail, veined swallowtail or common graphium, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae, found in Sub-Saharan Africa.Graphium levassori'' Oberthür, 1890 :species group: ''tynderaeus'' ::* ''

Graphium tynderaeus ''Graphium tynderaeus'', the electric green swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, An ...

'' (Fabricius, 1793) – electric green swordtail or green-spotted swallowtail ::* ''

Graphium latreillianus ''Graphium latreillianus'', the coppery swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Sao Tome and Principe, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republ ...

'' (Godart, 1819) – coppery swordtail :species group: ''philonoe'' ::* ''

Graphium philonoe ''Graphium philonoe'', the eastern white-lady swordtail, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Sudan, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Malawi and Mozambique. Its habitat consist ...

'' (Ward, 1873) – eastern white-lady swordtail, eastern graphium, white-dappled swallowtail :species group: ''adamastor'' ::* '' Graphium abri'' Smith & Vane-Wright, 2001 ::* ''

Graphium adamastor ''Graphium adamastor'', the Boisduval's white lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of t ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) – Boisduval's white-lady ::* '' Graphium agamedes'' (Westwood, 1842) – Westwood's white-lady or glassy graphium ::* ''

Graphium almansor ''Graphium almansor'', the Almansor white-lady swordtail or Honrath's white lady, is a butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Guinea, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Cent ...

'' (Honrath, 1884) – Almansor white-lady swordtail or Honrath's white-lady ::* '' Graphium auriger'' (Butler, 1876) ::* '' Graphium aurivilliusi'' (Seeldrayers, 1896) ::* '' Graphium fulleri'' (Grose-Smith, 1883) ::* '' Graphium hachei'' (Dewitz, 1881) ::* '' Graphium kigoma'' Carcasson, 1964 ::* '' Graphium olbrechtsi'' Berger, 1950 ::* '' Graphium poggianus'' (Honrath, 1884) ::* '' Graphium rileyi'' Berger, 1950 - Riley's graphium ::* '' Graphium schubotzi'' (Schultze, 1913) ::* '' Graphium simoni'' (Aurivillius, 1899) ::* '' Graphium ucalegon'' (Hewitson, 1865) – creamy graphium ::* '' Graphium ucalegonides'' (Staudinger, 1884) subgenus: ''Pathysa'' :species group: ''antiphates'' ::* '' Graphium agetes'' ( Westwood, 1841) – fourbar swordtail ::* ''

Graphium androcles ''Graphium'' may refer to: * ''Graphium'' (butterfly), a genus of mostly tropical swallowtail butterflies * ''Graphium'' (fungus), a genus of fungi in the family Microascaceae {{Genus disambiguation ...

'' (Boisduval, 1836) – lion swordtail, giant swordtail ::* ''

Graphium antiphates ''Graphium antiphates'', the five-bar swordtail, is a species of papilionid butterfly found in south and southeast Asia. The species was first described by Pieter Cramer in 1775. Description The ground colour of the upperside of both males a ...

'' (Cramer, 775 – fivebar swordtail ::* '' Graphium aristeus'' (Stoll, 780 – chain swordtail ::* '' Graphium decolor'' (Staudinger, 1888) ::* '' Graphium dorcus'' (de Haan, 1840) – Tabitha's swordtail ::* ''

Graphium epaminondas ''Graphium epaminondas'', the Andaman swordtail, is a beautiful butterfly found in India that belongs to the swallowtail family. It was earlier considered a subspecies of fivebar swordtail (''Graphium antiphates'') but has now been identified as ...

'' (Oberthür, 1879) ::* '' Graphium euphrates'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862) – Euphrates swordtail ::* '' Graphium euphratoides'' (Eimer, 1889) ::* ''

Graphium nomius ''Graphium nomius'', the spot swordtail, is a butterfly found in South and Southeast Asia that belongs to the swallowtail family. The species was first described by Eugenius Johann Christoph Esper in 1793. One of the grandest sights is a host ...

'' (Esper, 1799) – spot swordtail ::* '' Graphium rhesus'' (Boisduval, 1836) – monkey swordtail ::* '' Graphium stratiotes'' (Grose-Smith, 1887) subgenus: ''Paranticopsis'' Wood-Mason & de Nicéville, 1887 ::* ''

Graphium delessertii ''Graphium delessertii'', the Malayan zebra, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in Southeast Asia. The rare female resembles ''Ideopsis gaura''. Despite the rarity of females ''Graphium delessertii'' is a commo ...

'' (Guérin-Méneville, 1839) – Malayan zebra ::* '' Graphium deucalion'' (Boisduval, 1836) – yellow zebra ::* '' Graphium encelades'' (Boisduval, 1836) ::* '' Graphium idaeoides'' (Hewitson, 1853) ::* ''

Graphium macareus ''Graphium macareus'', the lesser zebra, is a relatively common and not threatened species of swallowtail butterfly found in Southeast Asia. It is also found in parts of India including Assam and Sikkim. Subspecies *''G. m. macareus'' Java * ...

'' (Godart, 1819) – lesser zebra ::* '' Graphium megaera'' ( Staudinger, 1888) ::* ''

Graphium megarus ''Graphium megarus'', the spotted zebra, is a species of swallowtail butterfly found in Southeast Asia. It is common and not considered to be threatened; however, the nominate subspecies is protected by law in India. Description Male upperside ...

'' (Westwood, 1844) – spotted zebra ::* ''

Graphium ramaceus ''Graphium ramaceus'', the Pendlebury's zebra, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae (swallowtails). It is found in parts of the Indomalayan realm The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends acr ...

'' (Westwood, 1872) ::* '' Graphium phidias'' (Oberthür, 1906) ::* '' Graphium stratocles'' (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861) ::* ''

Graphium thule ''Graphium thule'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in New Guinea. The larva feeds on '' Aquifoliacene ilex''. ''Graphium thule'' is not common but not known to be threatened. It mimics the danaines '' Ideop ...

'' (Wallace, 1865) ::* ''

Graphium xenocles ''Graphium xenocles'', the great zebra, is a swallowtail butterfly found in Southeast Asia which is common and not threatened. Subspecies *''G. x. xenocles'' Sikkim, Assam, Bhutan *''G. x. kephisos'' (Fruhstorfer, 1902) Burma - Vietnam *''G. x. ...

'' (Doubleday, 1842) – great zebra subgenus: ''Pazala'' Moore, 1888 ::* ''

Graphium alebion ''Graphium alebion'' is a butterfly found in China that belongs to the swallowtail family. Description This insect is similar to ''Iphiclides podalirius'', but the cell of the forewing is traversed by one more band, and the band situated on the ...

'' (Gray, 853 ::* ''

Graphium eurous ''Graphium eurous'', the sixbar swordtail, is a swallowtail butterfly belonging to the genus '' Graphium'', also known as the swordtails. Description All the bands are narrowed, being only blackish stripes on a pale yellow transparent ground, t ...

'' (Leech, 893 – sixbar swordtail ::* ''

Graphium glycerion ''Graphium glycerion'', the spectacle swordtail, is a species of butterfly found in the Indomalayan realm The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the souther ...

'' (Gray, 1831) – spectacle swordtail ::* '' Graphium incerta'' Bang-Haas, 1927 ::* '' Graphium mandarinus'' (Oberthür, 1879) – spectacle swordtail ::* '' Graphium mullah'' (Alphéraky 1897)::* ''

Graphium tamerlana ''Graphium tamerlana'' is a butterfly found in China that belongs to the swallowtail family. Description It is similar to ''Iphiclides podalirius''. The black band at the apex of the cell of the forewing reaches only to the median vein, not ext ...

'' (Oberthür, 1876) ::* '' Graphium timur'' (Ney, 1911) synonymised with '' Graphium mullah'' by Cotton and Racheli, T., 2007 ::* ''

Graphium wenlingae ''Graphium'' may refer to: * ''Graphium'' (butterfly), a genus of mostly tropical swallowtail butterflies * ''Graphium'' (fungus), a genus of fungi in the family Microascaceae {{Genus disambiguation ...

'' Hu, Condamine, Monastyrskii & Cotton, 2019

References

*Smith, Campbell R. and Vane-Wright R.I., 2001 A review of the Afrotropical species of the genus Graphium (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera: Papilionidae) ''Bulletin of the Natural History Museum Entomology Series'' Volume 70:503-71
online
*Miller, L. D., and Miller, J. Y. (2004). ''The Butterfly Handbook'', pp. 20–25, 52. Barron's Educational Series, Inc.; Hauppauge, New York. *Smart, P. (1976). ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World''.

External links

* *
"Distribution of Afrotropical Kite Swallowtails"
(broadly subgenera ''Pazala'' and ''Arisbe'') Natural History Museum.
"Genus ''Graphium''"
''Insecta.pro''. {{Taxonbar, from=Q1768585 Butterfly genera Papilionidae Taxa named by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli

Species

See also

References

External links