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Godflesh are an English
industrial metal Industrial metal is the fusion of Heavy metal music, heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating Heavy metal guitar, metal guitar riffs, sampling (music), sampling, synthesizer or music sequencer, sequencer lines, and Distor ...
band from
Birmingham Birmingham ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands (county), West Midlands, within the wider West Midlands (region), West Midlands region, in England. It is the Lis ...
. The group formed in 1982 under the original title O.P.D. (later Fall of Because) but did not release any complete music until 1988 when
Justin Broadrick Justin Karl Michael Broadrick (born 15 August 1969) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the lead singer and a founding member of the band Godflesh, one of the first bands to combine elements of extreme metal and i ...
(guitar, vocals, programming) and B. C. Green (bass, programming) renamed the band and decided to use a
drum machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument that creates percussion sounds, drum beats, and patterns. Drum machines may imitate drum kits or other percussion instruments, or produce unique sounds, such as synthesized electronic tones. A d ...
for percussion. Melding heavy metal with industrial music and later with
electronic music Electronic music broadly is a group of music genres that employ electronic musical instruments, circuitry-based music technology and software, or general-purpose electronics (such as personal computers) in its creation. It includes both music ...
and dub, Godflesh's sound is widely regarded as a foundational influence on other industrial metal and
post-metal Post-metal is a music genre rooted in heavy metal music, heavy metal but exploring approaches beyond metal conventions. It emerged in the 1990s with bands such as Neurosis (band), Neurosis and Godflesh, who transformed metal texture (music), te ...
acts and as significant to both
experimental An experiment is a procedure carried out to support or refute a hypothesis, or determine the efficacy or likelihood of something previously untried. Experiments provide insight into cause-and-effect by demonstrating what outcome occurs whe ...
and
extreme metal Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual tran ...
. The band signed to
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
in the late 1980s and released their debut album '' Streetcleaner'' (1989) to contemporary and lasting acclaim. After the release of their sophomore album '' Pure'' (1992) and their major label debut '' Selfless'' (1994), they started experimenting with live drums as well as
hip hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
and
breakbeat Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat ...
sounds. The resulting albums, '' Songs of Love and Hate'' (1996) and '' Us and Them'' (1999), were followed by ''
Hymns A hymn is a type of song, and partially synonymous with devotional song, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification. The word ''hymn'' ...
'' (2001), which saw a simplification of the band's style. Shortly after Green's departure in 2002, Broadrick ended Godflesh and pursued various other projects, such as Jesu. Broadrick and Green reformed Godflesh in 2009, releasing '' A World Lit Only by Fire'' (2014) and '' Post Self'' (2017) to critical acclaim. Their ninth album, ''
Purge In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another, their team leaders, or society as a whole. A group undertaking such an ...
'', was released in June 2023. As pioneers of industrial metal, Godflesh's early sound was defined by harsh machine beats, production-emphasised bass, distorted guitar and sparse vocals delivered in a low, guttural fashion. The band performed for most of their career as a duo with Broadrick and Green playing over preprogrammed percussion, normally to a backdrop of apocalyptic scenery and
Christian iconography Iconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct fro ...
. Godflesh's music has been regarded as especially heavy and grim, with ''Streetcleaner'' being named by several publications as one of the heaviest and greatest metal albums.


History


Formation and early years (1982–1988)

The band that would eventually become Godflesh, O.P.D. (Officially Pronounced Dead), formed in 1982 when B. C. Green and Paul Neville, two young musicians living in cheap
council estate Public housing in the United Kingdom, also known as council housing or social housing, provided the majority of rented accommodation until 2011, when the number of households in private rental housing surpassed the number in social housing. D ...
housing in east
Birmingham Birmingham ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands (county), West Midlands, within the wider West Midlands (region), West Midlands region, in England. It is the Lis ...
, started experimenting musically alongside a
drum machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument that creates percussion sounds, drum beats, and patterns. Drum machines may imitate drum kits or other percussion instruments, or produce unique sounds, such as synthesized electronic tones. A d ...
. In 1983, the band renamed to Fall of Because, named after a
Killing Joke Killing Joke were an English rock music, rock band formed in Notting Hill, London, in 1979 by Jaz Coleman (vocals, keyboards), Paul Ferguson (drums), Geordie Walker (guitar) and Youth (musician), Youth (bass). Their first album, ''Killing Joke ...
song A song is a musical composition performed by the human voice. The voice often carries the melody (a series of distinct and fixed pitches) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs have a structure, such as the common ABA form, and are usu ...
and a chapter from an
Aleister Crowley Aleister Crowley ( ; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, novelist, mountaineer, and painter. He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the pr ...
book. The band found a live drummer,
Justin Broadrick Justin Karl Michael Broadrick (born 15 August 1969) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the lead singer and a founding member of the band Godflesh, one of the first bands to combine elements of extreme metal and i ...
, who lived in the same council housing as Green and Neville. Broadrick joined the group in 1984 after organising a concert at The Mermaid in Birmingham. At that show, Fall of Because,
Final Final, Finals or The Final may refer to: *Final examination or finals, a test given at the end of a course of study or training *Final (competition), the last or championship round of a sporting competition, match, game, or other contest which d ...
(Broadrick's first musical act), and an early incarnation of
Napalm Death Napalm Death are an English grindcore band formed in Meriden, West Midlands, in 1981. None of the band's original members have been in the group since 1986, but since ''Utopia Banished'' (1992), the lineup of bassist Shane Embury, guitarist Mi ...
performed before a crowd of twenty-five people. In the months following that concert, Broadrick joined Napalm Death as a guitarist and Fall of Because as a drummer and altered the latter's sound by introducing albums from Swans,
Sonic Youth Sonic Youth were an American rock band formed in New York City in 1981. Founding members Kim Gordon (bass, vocals, guitar), Thurston Moore (lead guitar, vocals) and Lee Ranaldo (rhythm guitar, vocals) remained together for the entire history of ...
and Discharge to Green and Neville. Only fifteen at the time, Broadrick said he "usurped" their band. Fall of Because recorded a demo titled ''Extirpate'' in 1986, which contained several tracks that would become Godflesh songs. Due to these recordings not being widely available until 1999, they were retrospectively recognised as "eerily" ahead of their time by ''
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
''. Later in 1986, Broadrick was invited to play drums for Head of David, leading to his departure from Napalm Death and soon after from Fall of Because in 1987. Then, in March 1988, he left Head of David for being, according to Broadrick, "too noisy of a drummer", and contacted Green in April to reform Fall of Because as a duo. In that reformation, Broadrick took over on guitar, and the band went back to employing a drum machine for
percussion A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a percussion mallet, beater including attached or enclosed beaters or Rattle (percussion beater), rattles struck, scraped or rubbed by hand or ...
. It was then that the group was renamed Godflesh. Broadrick explained the new name by saying, "I heard someone once say that music is the voice of God. The word 'God' conjures something immense and inconceivable. The 'flesh' part is what effects you on a physical level. Our music is loud and destructive."


Self-titled EP, ''Streetcleaner'' and ''Pure'' (1988–1993)

Inspired by the bleak urban landscape of Birmingham and the extreme music Broadrick introduced to Green, Godflesh took on a distinctly heavier tone than the primarily
Cure A cure is a substance or procedure that resolves a medical condition. This may include a medication, a surgery, surgical operation, a lifestyle change, or even a philosophical shift that alleviates a person's suffering or achieves a state of heali ...
-influenced Fall of Because. In 1988, the band established a presence in
underground music Underground music is music with practices perceived as outside, or somehow opposed to, Popular music, mainstream popular music culture. Underground styles lack the commercial success of popular music movements, and may involve the use of avant-g ...
by releasing their self-titled extended play (EP) through the Swordfish label. That EP, considered the source of
industrial metal Industrial metal is the fusion of Heavy metal music, heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating Heavy metal guitar, metal guitar riffs, sampling (music), sampling, synthesizer or music sequencer, sequencer lines, and Distor ...
alongside Ministry's 1988 studio album '' The Land of Rape and Honey'', combined programmed industrial beats, distorted vocals, low guitar and driving bass riffs to create the sound that Godflesh would become known for. Shortly after the ''Godflesh'' release, the band recorded another EP titled ''Tiny Tears'' comprising four short, rough songs. Before Swordfish could release this EP, though, Godflesh were acquired by
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, and the label's founder, Digby Pearson, convinced Broadrick and Green to shelve ''Tiny Tears'' and use the songs as bonus tracks on their first full-length album. The band agreed, and in 1989 they released '' Streetcleaner'', which went on to receive critical acclaim and recognition as a landmark album in heavy metal music. ''Streetcleaner'' saw the reintroduction of Neville into the band, this time as the second guitarist, and it marked the band's first release of many on Earache. The album further defined Godflesh's sound, standing out from other metal releases with unusual production that emphasised mechanical beats and percussive bass over guitar. ''Streetcleaner'' is regarded as particularly heavy and bleak. From February to March 1991, Godflesh were again in the studio, recording the '' Slavestate'' EP, which saw the band experimenting with
dance Dance is an The arts, art form, consisting of sequences of body movements with aesthetic and often Symbol, symbolic value, either improvised or purposefully selected. Dance can be categorized and described by its choreography, by its repertoir ...
and more electronic elements. Later that year in April, Godflesh embarked on their first tour of North America (a leg of Earache's Grindcrusher tour) with labelmates Nocturnus and Napalm Death. According to Mike Browning of Nocturnus, most of the shows of the 45-day tour were attended by 200 to 300 people. Godflesh missed the first concert due to permit issues, but they made it to the second date at the L'Amour in
Brooklyn Brooklyn is a Boroughs of New York City, borough of New York City located at the westernmost end of Long Island in the New York (state), State of New York. Formerly an independent city, the borough is coextensive with Kings County, one of twelv ...
. The venue was full, and when Godflesh took the stage, their drum machine failed and the band could not continue. When a replacement machine was eventually found, Broadrick and Green hastily programmed in four songs to be ready for the tour's third show at the Channel in
Boston Boston is the capital and most populous city in the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. The city serves as the cultural and Financial centre, financial center of New England, a region of the Northeas ...
. Despite these initial difficulties, the rest of the tour went well and Godflesh drew surprisingly positive reception. ''Slavestate'' was released in July after Grindcrusher had concluded. In August and October 1991, both Broadrick and Green guested on '' Buried Secrets'' (1992), an EP by
Painkiller An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management. Analgesics are conceptually distinct from anesthetics, which temporarily reduce, and in s ...
. With the successes of ''Streetcleaner'', ''Slavestate'', a concert opening for
Nirvana Nirvana, in the Indian religions (Jainism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Sikhism), is the concept of an individual's passions being extinguished as the ultimate state of salvation, release, or liberation from suffering ('' duḥkha'') and from the ...
and the Grindcrusher tour, Godflesh started on their second album, this time without Neville, who chose to focus on his other project, Cable Regime, which featured Broadrick as a recurring producer. To fill the void, Robert Hampson of Loop was brought in to play on half of the new album's tracks as well as on '' Cold World'' (1991), an EP recorded in the same sessions. The sophomore album, '' Pure'', was released in 1992 through Earache and has since been recognised as an influential release in the post-metal genre. Musically, ''Pure'' was even more mechanical than ''Streetcleaner'', further emphasising the drum machine and featuring production that augmented the percussion with a stark, bleak atmosphere. Though Godflesh's most overt experiments with
hip hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
and
breakbeat Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat ...
s occurred later in their career, ''Pure'' featured elements of both buried under the wailing guitar, shouted vocals and aggressively repetitive drumming. The album continued its experimentation with atypical song structures on its conclusion, "Pure II", a twenty-minute ambient drone piece with a submerged beat that, as
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
's Ned Raggett said, "hits like a distant cannon". Despite Broadrick's dissatisfaction with the mixing on ''Pure'' being "not heavy enough", many critics regarded the album as unrelenting; in a positive review, ''
Spin Spin or spinning most often refers to: * Spin (physics) or particle spin, a fundamental property of elementary particles * Spin quantum number, a number which defines the value of a particle's spin * Spinning (textiles), the creation of yarn or thr ...
'' Mike Gitter wrote that "
Hiroshima is the capital of Hiroshima Prefecture in Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 1,199,391. The gross domestic product (GDP) in Greater Hiroshima, Hiroshima Urban Employment Area, was US$61.3 billion as of 2010. Kazumi Matsui has b ...
was probably more fun han ''Pure''. In support of the album, Godflesh planned to open for Ministry on another tour of North America, but instead ended up opening for the
electro-industrial Electro-industrial is a music genre that emerged from industrial music in the early 1980s. While EBM (electronic body music) has a minimal structure and clean production, electro-industrial tends to have a grittier, complex and layered sound ...
band
Skinny Puppy Skinny Puppy was a Canadian electro-industrial band formed in Vancouver in 1982. The group was among the founders of the industrial rock and electro-industrial genres. Initially envisioned as an experimental side-project by cEvin Key (Kevin Crom ...
on their '' Last Rights'' (1992) tour. Due again to issues with entering the United States, Godflesh were forced to cancel a number of these dates; they later returned to those markets as headliners to make the missed shows up. Broadrick retrospectively said that this era of the band stands as "the most honest representation of what Godflesh set out to achieve."


''Selfless'', ''Songs of Love and Hate'' and ''Us and Them'' (1994–2000)

After a year of minimal activity in 1993, Godflesh were approached by several record labels. According to Broadrick, Danny Goldberg of
Atlantic Records Atlantic Recording Corporation (simply known as Atlantic Records) is an American record label founded in October 1947 by Ahmet Ertegun and Herb Abramson. Over the course of its first two decades, starting from the release of its first recor ...
invited them to London and expressed his desire to acquire the band. About this period, Broadrick said, "They really thought that Godflesh could be the next
Nine Inch Nails Nine Inch Nails, commonly abbreviated as NIN (stylized as NIИ), is an American industrial rock band formed in Cleveland, Ohio in 1988. Its members are the singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and producer Trent Reznor and his frequent col ...
and that we would be selling out fucking stadiums. The buzz at the time was ridiculous. It outweighed the sales, obviously. It was all hype." Ultimately, the band ended up with major record label Columbia for the release of the EP '' Merciless'' in 1994, the title track of which was originally a Fall of Because song. Another EP, ''
Messiah In Abrahamic religions, a messiah or messias (; , ; , ; ) is a saviour or liberator of a group of people. The concepts of '' mashiach'', messianism, and of a Messianic Age originated in Judaism, and in the Hebrew Bible, in which a ''mashiach ...
'' was recorded during these sessions, but it was not released on a wide scale until 2003 through
Relapse Records Relapse Records is an American independent record label based in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Matthew F. Jacobson in 1990. The label features many grindcore, death metal, metalcore and sludge metal artists. History The ...
. Later in 1994, the band released their third album, '' Selfless'', which represented a shift in the group to a more high-end production approach and to a greater focus on traditional heavy metal riffs. Despite being the band's best-selling record with approximately 180,000 copies shipped, ''Selfless'' was deemed a commercial disappointment. This coupled with the ban of Godflesh's first major
music video A music video is a video that integrates a song or an album with imagery that is produced for promotion (marketing), promotional or musical artistic purposes. Modern music videos are primarily made and used as a music marketing device intended to ...
led to the end of their collaboration with Columbia. Feeling abandoned after being abruptly dropped by Columbia, Godflesh were briefly directionless in 1995. In 1996, the band returned to Earache and created their fourth studio album, '' Songs of Love and Hate'', which was Godflesh's first music made with a human drummer since the early Fall of Because days; Bryan Mantia of
Praxis Praxis may refer to: Philosophy and religion *Praxis (process), the process by which a theory, lesson, or skill is enacted, practised, embodied, or realised * Praxis model, a way of doing theology * Praxis (Byzantine Rite), the practice of fai ...
provided the aggressive, non-mechanical drumming. In retrospect, Broadrick believed ''Songs of Love and Hate'' marked the point where Godflesh lost sight of their original goal and started making "self-conscious" music. When it came time for the album's 1996 tour, Mantia made the move to join Primus, and Godflesh recruited Ted Parsons of Prong and Swans to perform on the tour in his place. Along with the album's follow-up remix release, '' Love and Hate in Dub'' (1997), ''Songs of Love and Hate'' moved away from Godflesh's industrial roots into experimentation with conventional verse-chorus format, hip hop, dub and
drum and bass Drum and bass (commonly abbreviated as DnB, D&B, or D'n'B) is a genre of electronic dance music characterised by fast Break (music)#Breakbeat (element of music), breakbeats (typically 165–185 Tempo, beats per minute) with heavy Bass (music) ...
. The remix album was supported by a one-off concert on 4 October 1997 at The Garage, London where Broadrick operated a mixing desk, Steve Hough played guitar, Green played bass and Diarmuid Dalton provided support on a
Moog synthesiser The Moog synthesizer ( ) is a modular synthesizer invented by the American engineer Robert Moog in 1964. Moog's company, R. A. Moog Co., produced numerous models from 1965 to 1981, and again from 2014. It was the first commercial synthesizer a ...
. This experimentation continued and increased with Godflesh's next album, '' Us and Them'' (1999). While live drumming was dropped again in favour of percussive machines, ''Us and Them'' saw the group going further with electronics and drum-and-bass-oriented sound than ever before. Broadrick was quick to admit that he "hated" the album and that it was an "identity crisis". Retrospectively, though, he revised his thoughts, saying that his hatred was overstated despite him still having issues with the album. Shortly after releasing ''Us and Them'' in 1999, Godflesh began work on a proposed remix album, ''Us and Them in Dub''. While this album was never released, two tracks from it appeared on the 2001 compilation '' In All Languages''. Also in 1999, '' Life Is Easy'', an album compiling Godflesh's recordings as Fall of Because, was released on the Alleysweeper label and distributed via Martin Atkins'
Invisible Records Invisible Records is a Chicago based record label "Big Three" music labels A record label or record company is a brand or trademark of Sound recording and reproduction, music recordings and music videos, or the company that owns it. ...
label.


''Hymns'' and dissolution (2001–2002)

Following the release of the double album compilation ''In All Languages'', Godflesh released their sixth studio album, ''
Hymns A hymn is a type of song, and partially synonymous with devotional song, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification. The word ''hymn'' ...
'' (2001) through several different labels. The album again saw Godflesh with a human drummer; Parsons returned to provide the live percussion and, according to Broadrick, the inspiration for Godflesh to continue. ''Hymns'' marked a dramatic shift away from Godflesh's recent experimentation, moving instead into the realm of direct heavy metal, with only a few tracks revealing hip hop or electronic influence; Broadrick wanted ''Hymns'' to be more of a rock album than any other Godflesh releases. The album was recorded in a professional studio and a producer outside of the band was brought in to oversee the process, two firsts for Godflesh that Parsons believed to be mistakes. Despite receiving positive reviews, the final product of ''Hymns'' was ultimately dissatisfying for Broadrick, so much so that he restored it to a state resembling its demos on the 2013 reissue. With the band disheartened by ''Hymns troubled production and dreading an upcoming tour, the direct future of Godflesh was unclear. In October 2001, the same month ''Hymns'' was released, Broadrick received a call from Green just two weeks before Godflesh were set to tour with
Strapping Young Lad Strapping Young Lad (SYL) was a Canadian extreme metal band formed by Devin Townsend in Vancouver in 1994. The band started as a one-man studio project; Townsend played most of the instruments on the 1995 debut album, '' Heavy as a Really Heavy ...
and
Fear Factory Fear Factory is an American industrial metal band formed in Los Angeles in 1989. Throughout the band's career, they have released ten full-length albums and have evolved through a succession of sounds, all in their main style of industrial met ...
. Over the phone, Green expressed frustration at having to open for young bands despite being in the business since 1982, as well as being forced into a tour for an album that was manipulated from the outside. Green tearfully left Godflesh to return to university and focus on his relationship with his partner. To cope with the departure of his friend, Broadrick devoted all of his effort to maintaining the band. It was quickly announced that Green would be replaced by former
Killing Joke Killing Joke were an English rock music, rock band formed in Notting Hill, London, in 1979 by Jaz Coleman (vocals, keyboards), Paul Ferguson (drums), Geordie Walker (guitar) and Youth (musician), Youth (bass). Their first album, ''Killing Joke ...
and Prong bassist Paul Raven. Though this configuration of Godflesh came up with some ideas for another studio album (namely the usage of a rhythm from
Public Enemy Public Enemy is an American Hip-hop, hip hop group formed in Roosevelt, New York, in 1985 by Chuck D and Flavor Flav. The group rose to prominence for their political messages including subjects such as Racism in the United States, American r ...
's " Shut 'Em Down"), Broadrick was "always aware that a new album was never going to happen". Not long after this short-lived incarnation of Godflesh performed a handful of shows that Broadrick later said "felt completely wrong", he experienced a
nervous breakdown A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness, a mental health condition, or a psychiatric disability, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. A mental disorder is ...
the day before departing for another tour of North America, this time with
High on Fire High on Fire is an American heavy metal band from Oakland, California, that was formed in 1998. Matt Pike, the band's frontman and founder, also plays guitar for Sleep. High on Fire won the 2019 Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance with thei ...
and
Isis Isis was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kingdom () as one of the main characters of the Osiris myth, in which she resurrects her sla ...
. He recalled the breakdown as a "real
Brian Wilson Brian Douglas Wilson (June 20, 1942 – June 11, 2025) was an American musician, songwriter, singer and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys. Often Brian Wilson is a genius, called a genius for his novel approaches to pop compositio ...
moment" and said, "I felt paralyzed by the stress, which had been building for several months, and I literally couldn't get out of bed. I was numb and couldn't move, so when the car came to pick me up to take me to the airport, I ran and hid at another friend's house in Birmingham." All of the shows were called off, and Godflesh officially disbanded on 10 April 2002. The cancelled tour caused a number of problems for Broadrick; his thirteen-year relationship with his girlfriend dissolved, and a bus driver who had been hired for the tour threatened his life. In a panic, Broadrick
remortgage A remortgage (known as refinancing in the United States) is the process of paying off one mortgage with the proceeds from a new mortgage using the same property as security. The term is mainly used commercially in the United Kingdom, though what ...
d his house and amassed approximately US$35,000 to pay the driver and everyone else who had been affected by the cancellation. Broadrick, at a low point in his life, was left with little to do but work on new, different music. About the period, he said, "My only solace, my only escape at that time was recording the first Jesu album." "Jesu", the closing track of ''Hymns'' and, until 2014, the last original Godflesh song, ended with a hidden passage of unusual peacefulness and melodicism. Broadrick's next project, bearing the same title of Jesu, adopted that
shoegaze Shoegaze (originally called shoegazing and sometimes conflated with dream pop) is a subgenre of indie rock, indie and alternative rock characterized by its ethereal mixture of obscured vocals, guitar distortion (music), distortion and effects, a ...
sound and the new band's first EP, '' Heart Ache'', was released in 2004. On promotional material for ''Heart Ache'', a message from Broadrick read, "Godflesh is dead, long live Jesu."


Reformation (2009–2013)

After Godflesh's dissolution, Broadrick and Green rarely spoke. Though there was no falling out between the two members, Broadrick assumed the project permanently dead, believing that Green's interest in it was gone. Regardless, Broadrick decided in 2009 to approach Green with an offer to reform, something that promoters had been pushing for years. Green responded to Broadrick's call within a few hours, saying he would love to do it. Both members quickly agreed that the most important thing for the reunion's integrity was that they return to a drum machine for percussion. In November 2009, the reunion was made public when Godflesh announced they would perform at the 2010 edition of the Hellfest Summer Open Air in
Clisson ''For other uses, see Clisson (disambiguation)'' Clisson (; Gallo: ''Cliczon'', ), is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department, in the region of Pays de la Loire, western France. It is situated at the confluence of the rivers Sèvre Nan ...
, France. Asked in a February 2010 interview about Godflesh's future, Broadrick replied, "Godflesh will not commit to anything but Hellfest currently. I am unsure as to where we will go from there, if we go anywhere at all." He also revealed that the likelihood of new material was "fairly minimal", but that the possibility still existed; though later, in 2014, he insisted that "ultimately, the whole reformation thing was pretty much fundamentally about wanting to make new music". On 18 June 2010, Godflesh performed for their first time since 2001 at Hellfest. The show was fraught with technical difficulties, ending up as a forty-minute set instead of the intended sixty minutes. Despite the frustration of the return performance, Godflesh continued to play festivals throughout 2010 and 2011, including the 2011 edition of the
Roadburn festival The Roadburn Festival is an annual music festival held each April in Tilburg, Netherlands. It was founded by Walter Hoeijmakers and Jurgen van den Brand in 1999, who ran a stoner rock blog of the same name. The festival has been held at Tilburg ...
in
Tilburg Tilburg () is a List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands, in the southern Provinces of the Netherlands, province of North Brabant. With a population of 22 ...
,
Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...
, where they performed their first album, ''Streetcleaner'', in its entirety. This performance was later released as the group's first
live album An album is a collection of audio recordings (e.g., music) issued on a medium such as compact disc (CD), vinyl (record), audio tape (like 8-track or cassette), or digital. Albums of recorded sound were developed in the early 20th centur ...
in 2013. In December 2010, Broadrick revealed to ''
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
'' magazine that Godflesh were gradually assembling new ideas for a studio album. He explained, "It's something we're discussing all the time, and I do have bits and pieces of material. But it's something we'd really like to develop. It'd be quite easy to knock out eight to ten in-character songs and release it as quickly as possible to capitalise on the popularity of the group, but it would feel entirely wrong." In 2011, Godflesh (along with
Black Sabbath Black Sabbath are an English rock band formed in Birmingham in 1968 by guitarist Tony Iommi, drummer Bill Ward (musician), Bill Ward, bassist Geezer Butler, and vocalist Ozzy Osbourne. After adopting the Black Sabbath name in 1969 (the band ...
, Napalm Death,
Judas Priest Judas Priest are an English heavy metal band formed in Birmingham in 1969. They have sold over 50 million albums and are frequently ranked as one of the greatest metal bands of all time. Judas Priest have also been referred to as one of the p ...
and
Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin were an English rock music, rock band formed in London in 1968. The band comprised vocalist Robert Plant, guitarist Jimmy Page, bassist-keyboardist John Paul Jones (musician), John Paul Jones and drummer John Bonham. With a he ...
) were recognised by the UK-based ''Home of Metal'' archival project as significant contributors to the heavy metal genre. With this accolade absorbed, Broadrick continued to confirm the existence of a new Godflesh album throughout 2012, saying it would most likely be out in 2013 after a new EP. In 2013, Godflesh released their first new recording in over twelve years, a cover of Slaughter's " F.O.D. (Fuck of Death)", through ''Decibel'' magazine's
flexi disc The flexi disc (also known as a phonosheet, Sonosheet or Soundsheet, a trademark) is a phonograph record made of a thin, flexible vinyl sheet with a molded-in spiral stylus groove, and is designed to be playable on a normal phonograph turntable. ...
Series. The flexi disc was included in the November 2013 issue of ''Decibel''. Later in 2013, Godflesh performed ''Pure'' in its entirety at Roadburn, featuring Hampson on guitar for part of the set. In 2014, Broadrick said that disbanding Godflesh was the best thing they had ever done and stated that the upcoming album was his favourite since 1994's ''Selfless''.


''A World Lit Only by Fire'' and ''Post Self'' (2014–2021)

From 2012 to 2014, Godflesh were in Broadrick's private studio, working on their seventh album. The process was slow due to Broadrick's commitment to making a proper Godflesh album instead of a hollow exploitation of the reformation's media attention. After a long revision process, the 2014 EP '' Decline & Fall'' and the 2014 album '' A World Lit Only by Fire'' came out of those sessions, both of which featured Broadrick on an eight-string guitar. The album was the band's first to chart in the U.S., and it was met with critical acclaim, drawing praise for its extreme weight and being lauded as the ideal return for Godflesh. Musically, Broadrick stated ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' was most similar to ''Streetcleaner'' and ''Pure'', and Green added that it was "spiritually" close to those first few releases. About the album's sound, Broadrick said, "It's extremely minimal and very, very brutal — a fairly unforgiving record, really, I think." ''Decline & Fall'' and ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' were heavy, distorted, riff-driven industrial releases that Broadrick saw as a return to the direct simplicity of Godflesh's original form. All of the recording, engineering, artwork and packaging was done by Godflesh through Broadrick's own label, Avalanche Recordings. Following a number of tours in support of ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' and an attempt at an ''In Dub'' remix release with Parsons providing additional drumming, Godflesh returned to the studio in 2016 for a new album. '' Post Self'', the band's eighth studio album, was released on 17 November 2017, shortly after another performance of ''Streetcleaner'' in its entirety. Unlike ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' focus on making a bombastic comeback, ''Post Self'' proved more introspective and moody. Most of the traditional metal riffs were dropped in favour of atmosphere, noise and experimentation. ''Post Self'' received similar high praise as its predecessor, and both appeared on several publications' year-end lists. After the release of ''Post Self'', Broadrick avoided interviews, hoping to give listeners time to form their own opinions on the music and to retain some of the album's "mystique". Godflesh embarked on a few brief tours and played scattered festivals, including the 2018 edition of Roadburn where they performed all of ''Selfless'' live for the first time. Broadrick spent a month reprogramming the album's percussion from scratch since the original drum parts no longer existed. In an interview with French magazine ''New Noise'', Broadrick said that ''Selfless'' was the last Godflesh album he wanted to play in its entirety. A compilation album titled ''Long Live the New Flesh'' was released in July 2021. The album featured most of the band's studio material released since reformation in 2010. A shortened digital edition, ''New Flesh in Dub Vol 1'', comprising the majority of Godflesh's reformation-era remixes alongside two otherwise unreleased tracks from the ''Post Self'' sessions, was released ahead of the full compilation.


''Purge'' (2022–present)

Godflesh had started work on a new album by January 2022, and a live album documenting the performance of ''Pure'' at Roadburn 2013, titled ''Pure : Live'', was released in November that year. The band's ninth studio album, ''
Purge In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another, their team leaders, or society as a whole. A group undertaking such an ...
'', was released in June 2023, preceded by the singles "
Nero Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ( ; born Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus; 15 December AD 37 – 9 June AD 68) was a Roman emperor and the final emperor of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, reigning from AD 54 until his ...
" and "Land Lord". Near the end of the following year, on 6 December 2024, Godflesh released ''A World Lit Only by Dub,'' a remix album of 2014's ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' that had been in the works since 2013.


Style and influence


Musical style and legacy

Drawing inspiration from early industrial and
noise Noise is sound, chiefly unwanted, unintentional, or harmful sound considered unpleasant, loud, or disruptive to mental or hearing faculties. From a physics standpoint, there is no distinction between noise and desired sound, as both are vibrat ...
groups such as
Throbbing Gristle Throbbing Gristle were an English music and visual arts group formed in Kingston upon Hull by Genesis P-Orridge and Cosey Fanni Tutti, later joined by Peter "Sleazy" Christopherson and Chris Carter. They are widely regarded as pioneers of in ...
and
Whitehouse Whitehouse may refer to: People * Charles S. Whitehouse (1921–2001), American diplomat * Cornelius Whitehouse (1796–1883), English engineer and inventor * E. Sheldon Whitehouse (1883–1965), American diplomat * Elliott Whitehouse (born ...
, as well as from
ambient music Ambient music is a genre of music that emphasizes Musical tone, tone and atmosphere over traditional Musical form, musical structure or rhythm. Often "peaceful" sounding and lacking Musical composition, composition, beat, and/or structured melod ...
ian
Brian Eno Brian Peter George Jean-Baptiste de la Salle Eno (, born 15 May 1948), also mononymously known as Eno, is an English musician, songwriter, record producer, visual artist, and activist. He is best known for his pioneering contributions to ambien ...
,
noise rock Noise rock (sometimes called noise punk) is a noise music, noise-oriented style of experimental rock that spun off from punk rock in the 1980s. Drawing on movements such as minimal music, minimalism, industrial music, and New York hardcore, a ...
band Swans,
post-punk Post-punk (originally called new musick) is a broad genre of music that emerged in late 1977 in the wake of punk rock. Post-punk musicians departed from punk's fundamental elements and raw simplicity, instead adopting a broader, more experiment ...
innovators
Killing Joke Killing Joke were an English rock music, rock band formed in Notting Hill, London, in 1979 by Jaz Coleman (vocals, keyboards), Paul Ferguson (drums), Geordie Walker (guitar) and Youth (musician), Youth (bass). Their first album, ''Killing Joke ...
and also
Siouxsie and the Banshees Siouxsie and the Banshees ( ) were a British Rock music, rock band formed in London in 1976 by vocalist Siouxsie Sioux and bass guitarist Steven Severin. Post-punk pioneers, they were widely influential, both over their contemporaries and later ...
and Public Image Ltd., fellow
Birmingham Birmingham ( ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands (county), West Midlands, within the wider West Midlands (region), West Midlands region, in England. It is the Lis ...
heavy metal band Black Sabbath and a wide range of
hip hop Hip-hop or hip hop (originally disco rap) is a popular music genre that emerged in the early 1970s from the African-American community of New York City. The style is characterized by its synthesis of a wide range of musical techniques. Hip- ...
artists such as
Public Enemy Public Enemy is an American Hip-hop, hip hop group formed in Roosevelt, New York, in 1985 by Chuck D and Flavor Flav. The group rose to prominence for their political messages including subjects such as Racism in the United States, American r ...
, Eric B. & Rakim and
Run-DMC Run-DMC (also formatted Run-D.M.C., RUN DMC, or some combination thereof) was an American hip-hop group formed in Hollis, Queens, New York City in 1983 by Joseph Simmons, Darryl McDaniels, and Jason Mizell. Run-DMC is regarded as one of the mos ...
, Godflesh were among the pioneers of both
industrial metal Industrial metal is the fusion of Heavy metal music, heavy metal and industrial music, typically employing repeating Heavy metal guitar, metal guitar riffs, sampling (music), sampling, synthesizer or music sequencer, sequencer lines, and Distor ...
and
post-metal Post-metal is a music genre rooted in heavy metal music, heavy metal but exploring approaches beyond metal conventions. It emerged in the 1990s with bands such as Neurosis (band), Neurosis and Godflesh, who transformed metal texture (music), te ...
and are considered a significant experimental metal and
extreme metal Extreme metal is a loosely defined umbrella term for a number of related heavy metal music subgenres that have developed since the early 1980s. It has been defined as a "cluster of metal subgenres characterized by sonic, verbal, and visual tran ...
band. Broadrick and Green have both distanced themselves from the industrial metal title, though they concede that the label is accurate on a literal level. They consider Godflesh to be a continuation of post-punk, specifically in regard to furthering Killing Joke's sound. When asked in 2005 how he felt about being one of industrial metal's founders, Broadrick said, "I think I accidentally formed this genre. I don't even really know what this genre is; I just make music." He expanded upon this statement in 2018 by calling the term industrial metal "limiting". Godflesh's sound is characterised by a combination of programmed
drum machine A drum machine is an electronic musical instrument that creates percussion sounds, drum beats, and patterns. Drum machines may imitate drum kits or other percussion instruments, or produce unique sounds, such as synthesized electronic tones. A d ...
beats, percussive bass and distorted heavy metal guitar. Though the band would later employ human drumming for ''Songs of Love and Hate'' and ''Hymns'' in 1996 and 2001 respectively (a decision that Broadrick believed compromised the group's musical identity), Godflesh's early sound was dominated by artificial, stiff drum loops and an uncommon focus on bass. On those early influential releases, the rhythms,
synth A synthesizer (also synthesiser or synth) is an electronic musical instrument that generates audio signals. Synthesizers typically create sounds by generating waveforms through methods including subtractive synthesis, additive synthesis a ...
s and samples were credited to "Machine" or "Machines" despite being done by Broadrick. Initially, the employment of mechanical percussion was done out of necessity. When Broadrick rejoined Fall of Because with Green to form Godflesh, the beats he desired were too difficult to play acoustically, so he instead used an Alesis HR-16 drum machine; this decision would prove defining for both Godflesh and for industrial metal at large. Godflesh's writing and recording process is guided by Broadrick and generally happens without the aid of a professional studio or producer. According to Broadrick, "50% of the Godflesh material was often born from rhythms and grooves", and he called the hands-on recording process "primitive". About the band's tuning, Green said in a 1997 interview, "We would just tune down as low as we could. We couldn't hear anything! But eventually we had to pick a pitch to tune to, so we chose C-sharp. It's low and heavy, but you can still make out the notes." For the early Godflesh albums, the guitars are tuned down to B. Starting with 2014's ''A World Lit Only by Fire,'' Broadrick started using an 8-string guitar tuned to F sharp.
Mike Patton Michael Allan Patton (born January 27, 1968) is an American singer, songwriter, producer, and voice actor, best known as the lead vocalist of the rock bands Faith No More and Mr. Bungle. He has also fronted and/or played with Tomahawk, The ...
of bands
Faith No More Faith No More is an American Rock music, rock band from San Francisco, California, formed in 1979. Before September 1983, the band performed under the names Sharp Young Men and later Faith No Man. Bassist Billy Gould, keyboardist/rhythm guitarist ...
and
Mr. Bungle Mr. Bungle is an American experimental rock band formed in Eureka, California, in 1985. The band is known for its eclecticism, cycling through several musical genres, often within the course of a single song, including heavy metal, avant-garde ...
is a fan of Godflesh's sound, calling them "ridiculously heavy" and "one of the few bands that can make you wonder whether or not your batteries are running out on your stereo." Patton invited Broadrick to join Faith No More as guitarist after Jim Martin left the band in 1993. He was also asked to join Danzig shortly after Godflesh toured the U.S. with them and
Type O Negative Type O Negative was an American gothic/doom metal band formed in Brooklyn, New York City in 1989 by Peter Steele (bass, lead vocals), Kenny Hickey (guitar, co-lead vocals), Josh Silver (keyboards, backing vocals), and Sal Abruscato (drums ...
in 1994. In both instances, Broadrick declined the offer in favour of continuing to reside in the United Kingdom and work on his own music. Other artists such as
Metallica Metallica is an American heavy metal band. It was formed in Los Angeles in 1981 by vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich, and has been based in San Francisco for most of its career. The band's fast tempos, instrume ...
, Fear Factory,
Korn Korn (stylized as KoЯn) is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, originally formed in 1993 by James Shaffer, James "Munky" Shaffer, Reginald Arvizu, Reginald "Fieldy" Arvizu and David Silveria, who were members of the band ...
, Isis,
Neurosis Neurosis (: neuroses) is a term mainly used today by followers of Freudian thinking to describe mental disorders caused by past anxiety, often that has been repressed. In recent history, the term has been used to refer to anxiety-related con ...
,
Pelican Pelicans (genus ''Pelecanus'') are a genus of large water birds that make up the family Pelecanidae. They are characterized by a long beak and a large throat pouch used for catching prey and draining water from the scooped-up contents before ...
,
Prurient Ian Dominick Fernow is an American experimental music, experimental musician, poet and multimedia artist. He is best known for extreme music released under the stage name Prurient, as well as numerous other aliases including Vatican Shadow, Rain ...
,
Helmet A helmet is a form of protective gear worn to protect the head. More specifically, a helmet complements the skull in protecting the human brain. Ceremonial or symbolic helmets (e.g., a policeman's helmet in the United Kingdom) without protecti ...
, Prong,
Nailbomb Nailbomb is a heavy metal band formed in 1993 as a side project by Brazilian musician Max Cavalera (then the frontman of Sepultura) and British musician Alex Newport of Fudge Tunnel. They played a combination of primarily industrial metal and ...
, Code Orange, Mortiis,
Devin Townsend Devin Garrett Townsend (born May 5, 1972) is a Canadian singer, guitarist, songwriter, and record producer. He founded extreme metal band Strapping Young Lad and was its primary songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist from 1994 to 2007. He has also ...
and
Converge Converge may refer to: * Converge (band), American hardcore punk band * Converge (Baptist denomination), American national evangelical Baptist body * Limit (mathematics) In mathematics, a limit is the value that a function (or sequence) app ...
were inspired by Godflesh, and in 2014
MetalSucks MetalSucks is an American heavy metal music Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock ...
wrote, "Everyone from Nine Inch Nails to Fear Factory to Batillus probably owes these dudes a couple of checks". Despite acclaim among critics and fellow musicians, Godflesh have only experienced minimal commercial success; in 2002, shortly before the band dissolved, Broadrick said he had no illusions about selling out stadiums. The goal of Godflesh, according to him, was simply to put out good albums.


Visual style

Being interested in horror and art house cinema, both Broadrick and Green incorporated many references to such films in Godflesh. The image on the front of 1988's ''Godflesh'' EP is a still from the 1966
John Frankenheimer John Michael Frankenheimer (February 19, 1930 – July 6, 2002) was an American film and television director known for social dramas and action/suspense films. Among his credits are ''Birdman of Alcatraz (film), Birdman of Alcatraz'', ''The Manc ...
film ''
Seconds The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes, and finally to 60 seconds each (24 × 60 × 60 = 86400). The current and formal definition in the International System of ...
''. ''Streetcleaner'' cover is an image from the movie ''
Altered States ''Altered States'' is a 1980 American science fiction horror film directed by Ken Russell, and adapted by playwright and screenwriter Paddy Chayefsky from his 1978 novel of the same name. The novel and the film are based in part on John C. Li ...
'', a 1980 horror film by director
Ken Russell Henry Kenneth Alfred Russell (3 July 1927 – 27 November 2011) was a British film director, known for his pioneering work in television and film and for his flamboyant and controversial style. His films were mainly liberal adaptations of ...
, and the album's liner notes feature frames from
David Lynch David Keith Lynch (January 20, 1946 – January 16, 2025) was an American filmmaker, visual artist, musician, and actor. Widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of all time, Lynch was often called a "visionary" and received acclaim f ...
's ''
Eraserhead ''Eraserhead'' is a 1977 American independent surrealist body horror film written, directed, produced, and edited by David Lynch. Lynch also created its score and sound design, which included pieces by a variety of other musicians. Shot in bl ...
'' (1977). The cover of ''Merciless'' is derived from the 1943 experimental film '' Meshes of the Afternoon'', by Maya Deren. Broadrick repeatedly cited another Russell movie, '' The Devils'' (1971), as an influence of Godflesh's sound. Additionally, Godflesh appeared in the 1995 film '' Hideaway''; during one of the movie's club scenes, Broadrick and Green can be seen playing onstage in the background, performing the song "Nihil" from ''Cold World''. Apart from cinema,
Christian iconography Iconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct fro ...
helped inform Godflesh's visual style. Broadrick, originally anti-religious, found churches and their related imagery intimidating. In a 2006 interview, Broadrick said, "The imagery of religion, the feeling of like when you walk into a cathedral, the huge feeling of intimidation that you get from Christian religion – everything to do with religion I find totally obsessive." Broadrick described the worship setting as "suffocating" and "claustrophobic", saying it played a large role in forming Godflesh's style. The covers of ''Streetcleaner'', ''Songs of Love and Hate'', ''Love and Hate in Dub'' and ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' showcase such Christian imagery, as do Godflesh's live performances.


Vocal style and lyrical themes

Early Godflesh vocals came in the form of
screaming A scream is a loud/hard speech production, vocalization in which air is passed through the vocal cords with greater force than is used in regular or close-distance vocalisation. This can be performed by any creature possessing lungs, including h ...
and
death growl The death growl, or simply growl, is an extended vocal technique usually employed in extreme styles of music, particularly in death metal and other Extreme metal, extreme Heavy metal genres, subgenres of heavy metal music. Sometimes death gro ...
s, and lyrics were scarce. Over time, Broadrick's delivery expanded to include singing, softness and moments of melody, all things that he would further explore with Jesu. ''Songs of Love and Hate'' and ''Hymns'' saw Godflesh's greatest profusion of vocals, while ''A World Lit Only by Fire'' and ''Post Self'' returned to Broadrick's predominantly succinct style. Broadrick's voice has been compared to Killing Joke singer
Jaz Coleman Jeremy "Jaz" Coleman (born 26 February 1960) is an English singer and musician. He came to prominence in the early 1980s as the lead vocalist and keyboardist of post-punk group Killing Joke. In addition, Coleman has composed orchestral and sound ...
's, a self-proclaimed vocal influence in addition to Kelvin Morris from Discharge and
Michael Gira Michael Rolfe Gira (; born February 19, 1954) is an American singer-songwriter, composer, author and artist. Now based in New Mexico, he founded the band Swans, in which he sings and plays guitar, in New York City in the 1980s at the height of ...
's early work with Swans. Godflesh lyrics are cryptic, bleak and generally sparse. Many of Godflesh's themes deal with inner conflict, violence, destruction, corruption, religion, loss, emotional extremes and fear. In 2012, Broadrick stated that singing was "a necessary evil" to him and that he never felt he could do it properly; the role of vocalist came to him simply because he was bold enough to approach the microphone. In a 1990 review of the band's self-titled EP,
Simon Reynolds Simon Reynolds (born 19 June 1963) is an English music journalist and author who began his career at ''Melody Maker'' in the mid-1980s. He subsequently worked as a freelancer and published a number of books on music and popular culture. Reynold ...
of ''
Melody Maker ''Melody Maker'' was a British weekly music magazine, one of the world's earliest music weeklies; according to its publisher, IPC Media, the earliest. In January 2001, it was merged into "long-standing rival" (and IPC Media sister publicatio ...
'' noted that Godflesh's music rebelled against the overt masculinity found in most metal; he wrote, "Rather than feminise themselves, they'd rather their masculinity was defeated, their strong bodies crushed and pulverised". Broadrick echoed this sentiment in the same year, insulting the "celebration of male ego that comes with most metal" and distancing Godflesh from masculine expression; he reinforced his stance in 2012, saying, "Godflesh isn't that all-conquering male thing, on stage with a fucking sword and saying they're going to 'rape and pillage'. Pure comedy." Throughout the group's career, Broadrick continued to emphasise the defensive quality of the music over its offensive quality, citing aggression as a shield against the traumas of the world. Broadrick has taken significant lyrical and thematic inspiration from
Leonard Cohen Leonard Norman Cohen (September 21, 1934November 7, 2016) was a Canadian songwriter, singer, poet, and novelist. Themes commonly explored throughout his work include faith and mortality, isolation and depression, betrayal and redemption, soc ...
. Both artists have an album titled '' Songs of Love and Hate'', and the Godflesh track "Avalanche Master Song" combines two Cohen song titles. In the song "
Mothra is a fictional monster, or '' kaiju'', which first appeared as the title character in Ishirō Honda's '' 1961 film of the same name'', produced and distributed by Toho. Mothra has appeared in several Toho ''tokusatsu'' films, often as a recur ...
" (from ''Pure''), Godflesh borrows the lyrics "Your pain is no credential here / It's just the shadow of my wound" from the song "Avalanche" on the aforementioned Cohen album.


Live performances

Godflesh typically perform as a duo, with Green playing bass and Broadrick providing both guitar and vocals while the percussion is relayed over the speakers, often at a notably high volume. This lineup, however, has not been constant over the band's career. In concerts supporting ''Streetcleaner'', Neville occasionally came onstage and played second guitar, and Hampson did the same for ''Pure''. For the tours in support of ''Selfless'', ''Songs of Love and Hate'' and ''Hymns'', the band played with a live drummer, though Broadrick believed this incorporation to be a misstep. In a 2014 interview, he clarified that the percussive additions of Mantia and Parsons brought "something amazing" to Godflesh, but that the band's name should have changed so as to not dilute the original focus on machine drums. A handful of other musicians have briefly performed with Godflesh: Mick Harris in 1991; Diarmuid Dalton in 1997, 1999 and 2001; Steve Hough in 1997 and 1999 and both Paul Raven and Jaz Coleman of Killing Joke in 2002. The band's stage show is, like their music, minimal and focused. Godflesh only occasionally employ a smoke machine, and the lights are generally static; Toby Cook of ''
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
'' highlighted this unusual approach in a review of a 2014 concert, writing, "Over-lit and with no dry ice in sight, they look alarmingly exposed". Images of industrial urban sprawls, Christian iconography and apocalyptic landscapes cycle through the projector. The music itself is presented as noisy and overwhelming, with some critics calling the sound even more cacophonous and dissonant than the band's studio work. Gaps between songs are normally filled with
feedback Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to ''feed back'' into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handle ...
, and the band rarely speak to the crowd. In response to a question about Godflesh's laconic stage presence, Broadrick said, "I don't communicate with people. We just make music. We come on stage and I don't say anything to anyone. And that alone made people really mad. I find it really bizarre. I can't believe that people would disown a band because I'm not telling them how much I'm going to kick their asses tonight." In a 2011 interview, Broadrick called playing live "a necessary evil" that is "so rarely right and so frequently wrong", but at the same time said that Godflesh "is probably even more so a live band than it is a recorded band" because those imperfections only work to accentuate the grinding chaos of the music (which is something that critics have noticed, too). Broadrick went on to say that it was the "rage" of Godflesh that made it work in a live setting.


Members


Current lineup

*
Justin Broadrick Justin Karl Michael Broadrick (born 15 August 1969) is an English musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the lead singer and a founding member of the band Godflesh, one of the first bands to combine elements of extreme metal and i ...
– guitars, vocals, programming (1988–2002, 2009–present), drums (1984–1987) * B. C. Green – bass, programming (1982–1987, 1988–2001, 2009–present), vocals (1982–1984)


Former members

* Paul Neville – guitars (1982–1987, 1989–1991), vocals, tape (1984–1987) * Robert Hampson – guitars (1991–1992) * Bryan Mantia – drums (1994–1996) * Ted Parsons – drums (1996–2002) * Paul Raven – bass (2002; died 2007)


Former touring musicians

* Mick Harris – drums (1991) * Steve Hough – guitars (1997, 1999) * Diarmuid Dalton – keyboards (1997, 1999, 2001)


Timeline


Discography

*'' Streetcleaner'' (1989) *'' Pure'' (1992) *'' Selfless'' (1994) *'' Songs of Love and Hate'' (1996) *'' Us and Them'' (1999) *''
Hymns A hymn is a type of song, and partially synonymous with devotional song, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification. The word ''hymn'' ...
'' (2001) *'' A World Lit Only by Fire'' (2014) *'' Post Self'' (2017) *''
Purge In history, religion and political science, a purge is a position removal or execution of people who are considered undesirable by those in power from a government, another, their team leaders, or society as a whole. A group undertaking such an ...
'' (2023)


Notes


References

{{reflist, refs= {{cite web , last1=O'Connor , first1=Andy , title=Heavy Metal Techno: JK Flesh on Futurism, DIY Culture, and the Beauty of Non-Music , url=http://www.electronicbeats.net/jk-flesh-profile/ , work= Electronic Beats , date=10 October 2018 , access-date=10 October 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010213636/http://www.electronicbeats.net/jk-flesh-profile/ , archive-date=10 October 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Long , first=Sean , title=Godflesh: Interview with Justin Broadrick , url=http://pogo.chez.com/fanzine/articles/godflesh_fr.html , work=POGO Zine , language=fr, access-date=28 July 2018 {{cite web, last=Bennett, first=J, title=Justin Broadrick on the Secret History of Godflesh, url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/justin-broadrick-on-the-secret-history-of-godflesh/, work=
Vice A vice is a practice, behaviour, Habit (psychology), habit or item generally considered morally wrong in the associated society. In more minor usage, vice can refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a defect, an infirmity, or a bad or unhe ...
, date=8 July 2014, access-date=9 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143939/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/6vajmr/justin-broadrick-on-the-secret-history-of-godflesh, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Ankeny, first=Jason, title=Fall of Because – Biography & History, url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/fall-of-because-mn0001344004, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140933/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/fall-of-because-mn0001344004, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Fall of Because Discography, url=http://www.godflesh.com/projects/fob/, website=godflesh.com, publisher=Crumbling Flesh, access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170213131030/http://www.godflesh.com/projects/fob/, archive-date=13 February 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Birchmeier, first=Jason, title=Justin Broadrick – Biography & History, url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/justin-broadrick-mn0000838180/biography, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=9 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215054032/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/justin-broadrick-mn0000838180/biography, archive-date=15 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Cimarusti, first=Luca, title=Artist on Artist: Justin Broadrick of Godflesh Talks to Producer Sanford Parker, url=https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/justin-broadrock-godflesh-streetcleaner-interview-sanford-parker/Content?oid=13015316, work=
Chicago Reader The ''Chicago Reader'', or ''Reader'' (stylized as ЯEADER), is an American alternative newspaper in Chicago, Illinois, noted for its literary style of journalism and coverage of the arts, particularly film and theater. The ''Reader'' has been ...
, date=8 April 2014 , access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171214124918/https://www.chicagoreader.com/chicago/justin-broadrock-godflesh-streetcleaner-interview-sanford-parker/Content?oid=13015316, archive-date=14 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite press release , author= , title=Godflesh 1991 , url=http://homeofmetal.com/the-archive/godflesh-biography/ , location=
Nottingham Nottingham ( , East Midlands English, locally ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire, East Midlands, England. It is located south-east of Sheffield and nor ...
, publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, date=1991 , access-date=15 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711233724/http://homeofmetal.com/the-archive/godflesh-biography/ , archive-date=11 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite book , last=Thompson , first=David , date=1 December 1992 , title=Industrial Revolution , publisher=
Cleopatra Records Cleopatra Records is a Los Angeles-based independent record label that has the sub-labels Hypnotic Records, Goldenlane, Stardust, Purple Pyramid, Deadline and X-Ray Records. History Founded in January 1992 by Brian Perera, it specializes in go ...
, page=44 , isbn=978-0963619303
{{cite journal, last=Walczak, first=René, title=Godflesh: Strength Through Purity, url=http://godflesh.com/articles/int5.html, access-date=10 November 2018, journal=
Propaganda Propaganda is communication that is primarily used to influence or persuade an audience to further an agenda, which may not be objective and may be selectively presenting facts to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded l ...
, date=Fall 1992, volume=19, pages=40–41, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170604191437/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/int5.html, archive-date=4 June 2017, url-status=live
{{cite web, last=Horsley, first=Jonathan, title=Justin Broadrick Interview: Godflesh, Growing Up and Anarcho-Punk, url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2011/10/07/justin-broadrick-interview-godflesh-growing-up-and-anarcho-punk/, work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=7 October 2011 , access-date=9 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180815160332/https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2011/10/07/justin-broadrick-interview-godflesh-growing-up-and-anarcho-punk/, archive-date=15 August 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Jones, first=Cat, title=Exclusive Interview with Justin Broadrick on All Things Jesu and Godflesh, date=18 September 2013 , url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2013/09/18/justin-broadrick-interview/, publisher=
MetalSucks MetalSucks is an American heavy metal music Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220092359/http://www.metalsucks.net/2013/09/18/justin-broadrick-interview/, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Walters, first=Martin, title=Godflesh – Godflesh, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/godflesh-mw0000204753, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=14 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143348/https://www.allmusic.com/album/godflesh-mw0000204753, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Doran , first=John , title=Godflesh – Band Information , url=http://homeofmetal.com/the-bands/godflesh/band-information/ , work=Home of Metal , access-date=11 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711193749/http://homeofmetal.com/the-bands/godflesh/band-information/ , archive-date=11 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Pearson, first=Digby, author-link=Digby Pearson, title=Godflesh – 'Tiny Tears' 12-inch?, date=22 August 2006 , url=http://askearache.blogspot.com/2006/08/godflesh-tiny-tears-12inch.html, publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, access-date=13 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180705003059/http://askearache.blogspot.com/2006/08/godflesh-tiny-tears-12inch.html, archive-date=5 July 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Jahdi, first=Robin, title=Neurosis on Working with Steve Albini, Locking Horns with Godflesh and Making Time Stand Still, url=http://www.factmag.com/2012/09/15/neurosis-on-working-with-steve-albini-locking-horns-with-godflesh-and-making-time-stand-still/2/, work=
Fact A fact is a truth, true data, datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. Standard reference works are often used to Fact-checking, check facts. Science, Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by ...
, date=15 September 2012 , access-date=21 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222225630/http://www.factmag.com/2012/09/15/neurosis-on-working-with-steve-albini-locking-horns-with-godflesh-and-making-time-stand-still/2/, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , title=Watch Godflesh Deliver Crushing 'Like Rats' Performance in Brooklyn , url=https://www.revolvermag.com/premium-video/music/watch-godflesh-deliver-crushing-rats-performance-brooklyn , work=
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
, date=30 May 2018 , access-date=7 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143647/https://www.revolvermag.com/premium-video/music/watch-godflesh-deliver-crushing-rats-performance-brooklyn , archive-date=12 June 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{Cite web , url=http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/terroris.htm#The%20Eighties , title=Terrorizer – 100 Most Important Albums of the Eighties , access-date=16 April 2008 , work= Terrorizer , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515000604/http://www.rocklistmusic.co.uk/terroris.htm#The%20Eighties , archive-date=15 May 2013 , url-status=usurped , df=dmy-all {{cite journal , last=Christopher , first=Roy , title=Godflesh: Heads Ain't Ready , journal=Slap , date=1 December 1997 , url=http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-heads-aint-ready , access-date=15 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615222719/http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-heads-aint-ready , archive-date=15 June 2018 , url-status=dead , df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Christopher , first=Roy , title=Godflesh Streetcleaner: My 33 1/3 Book Proposal , url=http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-streetcleaner-33-1-3-book-proposal , website=roychristopher.com , access-date=15 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180615195313/http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-streetcleaner-33-1-3-book-proposal , archive-date=15 June 2018 , url-status=dead , df=dmy-all {{cite web , last1=DiVita , first1=Joe , last2=Hartmann , first2=Graham , last3=Ives , first3=Brian , title=The 30 Most Underrated Hard Rock + Metal Guitarists , url=http://loudwire.com/underrated-hard-rock-metal-guitarists/ , work=
Loudwire ''Loudwire'' is an American online media magazine that covers news of hard rock and heavy metal artists. It is owned by media and entertainment business Townsquare Media. Since its launch in August 2011, ''Loudwire'' has secured exclusive i ...
, access-date=16 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701083455/http://loudwire.com/underrated-hard-rock-metal-guitarists/ , archive-date=1 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Yardley, first=Miranda, title=The Heaviest Albums Ever: The Albums Kerrang! Forgot, url=http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/the-heaviest-albums-ever-the-albums-kerrang-forgot/, work= Terrorizer, date=11 November 2011 , access-date=27 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127203108/http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/the-heaviest-albums-ever-the-albums-kerrang-forgot/, archive-date=27 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=The Twenty Heaviest (Metal) Records of All Time, url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/the-twenty-heaviest-metal-records-of-all-time-772116, work=
NME ''New Musical Express'' (''NME'') is a British music, film, gaming and culture website, bimonthly magazine, and brand. Founded as a newspaper in 1952, with the publication being referred to as a "Rock music, rock inkie", the ''NME'' would be ...
, date=4 May 2011 , access-date=27 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115225726/http://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/the-twenty-heaviest-metal-records-of-all-time-772116, archive-date=15 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite journal, last=Kot, first=Greg, title=Technology Expands Skinny Puppy's Apocalyptic Sound, journal=
Chicago Tribune The ''Chicago Tribune'' is an American daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1847, it was formerly self-styled as the "World's Greatest Newspaper", a slogan from which its once integrated WGN (AM), WGN radio and ...
, date=21 May 1992, page=84
{{cite journal , last=Fisher , first=Mark , author-link=Mark Fisher (theorist) , title=Godflesh – Streetcleaner , journal=
The Wire ''The Wire'' is an American Crime fiction, crime Drama (film and television), drama television series created and primarily written by the American author and former police reporter David Simon for the cable network HBO. The series premiered o ...
, date=August 2010 , issue=318 , pages=70–71
{{cite journal , title=The 90 Greatest Albums of the '90s , journal=
Alternative Press Alternative press may refer to: Individual publications * ''Alternative Press'' (magazine), an American music magazine Alternative journalism * Alternative media ** Alternative media (U.S. political left) ** Alternative media (U.S. political r ...
, date=December 1998 , issue=125
{{cite web, last=Rivadavia, first=Eduardo, title=The Best Metal Album from 40 Subgenres, url=http://loudwire.com/best-metal-albums-subgenres/, work=
Loudwire ''Loudwire'' is an American online media magazine that covers news of hard rock and heavy metal artists. It is owned by media and entertainment business Townsquare Media. Since its launch in August 2011, ''Loudwire'' has secured exclusive i ...
, access-date=26 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140152/http://loudwire.com/best-metal-albums-subgenres/, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Streetcleaner , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=1989 , publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, id=MOSH15
{{cite magazine, last=Christe, first=Ian, title=The 100 Greatest Metal Albums of All Time, url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-100-greatest-metal-albums-of-all-time-w486923/godflesh-streetcleaner-1989-w486990, magazine=
Rolling Stone ''Rolling Stone'' is an American monthly magazine that focuses on music, politics, and popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco, California, in 1967 by Jann Wenner and the music critic Ralph J. Gleason. The magazine was first known fo ...
, access-date=11 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612162053/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/the-100-greatest-metal-albums-of-all-time-w486923/godflesh-streetcleaner-1989-w486990, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Raggett , first=Ned , title=Godflesh – Slavestate , url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/slavestate-mw0000095296 , website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=21 November 2018
{{cite journal , last=Collepiccolo , first=Luca , title=Godflesh – Into the Void , language=it, journal=Blast!, date=April 1992 , pages=12–15 {{cite book , last=Mudrian , first=Albert , title= Choosing Death: The Improbable History of Death Metal & Grindcore , date=2004 , publisher=
Bazillion Points Bazillion Points is a heavy metal- and punk rock-oriented book publishing company founded and operated by author and SiriusXM radio host Ian Christe. It was founded in 2007 and is headquartered in New York. The outfit has successfully produced nu ...
, isbn=1935950169 , pages=279–280, 300
{{cite journal , title=Godflesh Interview , journal=Under the Volcano, date=April 1997 , issue=36 , pages=8–10, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/int7.html , access-date=28 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628101705/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/int7.html , archive-date=28 June 2012 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web , last1=Huey , first1=Steve , title=Painkiller – Buried Secrets , url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/buried-secrets-mw0000110846 , website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=10 January 2018
{{cite web , last=Turner , first=Luke , title=Greymachine: Justin Broadrick and Aaron Turner United , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/03246-greymachine-justin-broadrick-and-aaron-turner-united , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=18 November 2009 , access-date=8 June 2018 , archive-url=https://archive.today/20120730004649/http://thequietus.com/articles/03246-greymachine-justin-broadrick-and-aaron-turner-united , archive-date=30 July 2012 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , title=Justin Broadrick – Credits , url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/justin-broadrick-mn0000838180/credits , website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=10 January 2018
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Life in the House of the Enemy , type=CD liner notes , others=Cable Regime , year=1992 , publisher=Permis de Construire Deutschland, id=PPP108 {{cite web, last=Raggett, first=Ned, title=Godflesh – Cold World, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/cold-world-mw0000109607, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=21 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122074600/https://www.allmusic.com/album/cold-world-mw0000109607, archive-date=22 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Jahdi, first=Robin, title=The 40 Best Post-Metal Records Ever Made, url=http://www.factmag.com/2015/06/24/40-best-post-metal/24/, work=
Fact A fact is a truth, true data, datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. Standard reference works are often used to Fact-checking, check facts. Science, Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by ...
, date=24 June 2015 , access-date=8 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171111094714/http://www.factmag.com/2015/06/24/40-best-post-metal/24/, archive-date=11 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Christopher , first=Roy , title=Godflesh: Uneasy Listening , url=http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-uneasy-listening , website=roychristopher.com , access-date=8 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180704213715/http://roychristopher.com/godflesh-uneasy-listening , archive-date=4 July 2018 , url-status=dead , df=dmy-all {{cite journal, last=Hollings, first=Ken, title=Soundcheck: Godflesh – Us and Them, journal=
The Wire ''The Wire'' is an American Crime fiction, crime Drama (film and television), drama television series created and primarily written by the American author and former police reporter David Simon for the cable network HBO. The series premiered o ...
, date=August 1999, issue=186, pages=50–51
{{cite web , last=Raggett , first=Ned , title=Godflesh – Pure , url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/pure-mw0000078001 , website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=8 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613045323/https://www.allmusic.com/album/pure-mw0000078001 , archive-date=13 June 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Kulkarni , first=Neil , title=Loopflesh: Justin Broadrick and Robert Hampson Interviewed , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/15364-loop-godflesh-justin-broadrick-robert-hampson-interview , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=28 May 2014 , access-date=8 July 2018
{{cite journal , last1=Gitter , first1=Mike , title=Godflesh – Noise² , journal= RIP Magazine , date=June 1992 , url=http://godflesh.com/articles/article1.html , access-date=17 November 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102957/http://godflesh.com/articles/article1.html , archive-date=4 March 2016 , url-status=live {{cite journal, last=Gitter, first=Mike, title=Godflesh – Pure (Earache/Relativity), journal=
Spin Spin or spinning most often refers to: * Spin (physics) or particle spin, a fundamental property of elementary particles * Spin quantum number, a number which defines the value of a particle's spin * Spinning (textiles), the creation of yarn or thr ...
, date=June 1992, volume=8, pages=78
{{cite web, title=Godflesh – Justin Broadrick Interview, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/fleshart4.html, work=Convulsion Online, access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628102256/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/fleshart4.html, archive-date=28 June 2012, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Turman, first=Katherine, title=Skinny Puppy; Godflesh, url=https://variety.com/1992/legit/reviews/skinny-puppy-godflesh-1200430312/, work= Variety, date=15 July 1992 , access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210235120/http://variety.com/1992/legit/reviews/skinny-puppy-godflesh-1200430312/, archive-date=10 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite book, last=Kern, first=Jay, title=Skinny Puppy – Synthesis, date=January 2014, publisher=Mythos Press, pages=325 {{cite web, last=Hennessy, first=Kate, title=Interview: Justin Broadrick, url=http://thequietus.com/articles/16387-godflesh-justin-broadrick-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-interview, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=3 October 2014 , access-date=9 February 2018
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Life Is Easy , type=CD liner notes , others=Fall of Because , year=1999 , publisher=
Invisible Records Invisible Records is a Chicago based record label "Big Three" music labels A record label or record company is a brand or trademark of Sound recording and reproduction, music recordings and music videos, or the company that owns it. ...
, id=INV 9042
{{cite web, last=Ayers, first=Chris, title=Godflesh – Messiah, url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/godflesh-messiah, work=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, access-date=10 January 2019
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Messiah , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=2003 , publisher=
Relapse Records Relapse Records is an American independent record label based in Upper Darby Township, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Matthew F. Jacobson in 1990. The label features many grindcore, death metal, metalcore and sludge metal artists. History The ...
, id=RR 6564-2
{{cite web, last=Kinski, first=Klaus, title=An Interview with Justin K. Broadrick, date=21 September 2009 , url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/an-interview-wi-34/, publisher=
BrooklynVegan ''BrooklynVegan'' is an American online music magazine founded in 2004 by David Levine. The company is headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, and originally focused on vegan food and the music community in and around New York City, before broadeni ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142042/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/an-interview-wi-34/, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Raggett, first=Ned, title=Godflesh – Selfless, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/selfless-mw0000120082, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=9 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201083138/https://www.allmusic.com/album/selfless-mw0000120082, archive-date=1 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Nasrallah, first=Dimitri, title=Justin Broadrick: Napalm Death – Godflesh – Techno Animal – Jesu – Pale Sketcher, url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/justin_broadrick-napalm_death-godflesh-techno_animal-jesu-pale_sketcher, work=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180210002558/https://exclaim.ca/music/article/justin_broadrick-napalm_death-godflesh-techno_animal-jesu-pale_sketcher, archive-date=10 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite book , last=Buckley, first=Peter, title=The Rough Guide to Rock , publisher=
Rough Guides Rough Guides is a travel company that offers tailor-made trips planned and arranged by local travel experts based in destinations around the world. Originally established as a guidebook publisher in 1982, Rough Guides expanded into customized t ...
, year=2003 , page
432
, url=https://archive.org/details/roughguidetorock00roug, url-access=registration, quote=rough guide to rock godflesh columbia., isbn=978-1858284576
{{cite interview , last=Broadrick , first=Justin , subject-link=Justin Broadrick , work= RIP Magazine, interviewer=Garth Ferrante , title=Godflesh Interviewed , url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/int8.html , date=4 September 1996 , access-date=1 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628101530/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/int8.html , archive-date=28 June 2012 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite journal, last=Pascual, first=Tomas, title=Godflesh Deals with Real Horror or a Day at the Beach, journal=
Metal Maniacs ''Metal Maniacs'' was an American magazine that was based around heavy metal music. History Founded in 1989 by Mike 'G' Greenblatt and Katherine Ludwig of Metal Shop. Where its sister publication '' Metal Edge'' largely covered glam metal, ''Met ...
, date=April 1997, url=http://godflesh.com/articles/article6.html, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628101858/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article6.html, archive-date=28 June 2012, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite journal, last=Palmerston, first=Sean, title=Godflesh, journal=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, date=July 1997, url=http://godflesh.com/articles/article8.html, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628101337/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article8.html, archive-date=28 June 2012, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Birchmeier, first=Jason, title=Godflesh – Songs of Love and Hate, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/songs-of-love-and-hate-mw0000186134, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220153452/https://www.allmusic.com/album/songs-of-love-and-hate-mw0000186134, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Haynes, first=Rob, title=Godflesh to Play Supersonic. Justin Broadrick Talks Reformation, url=http://thequietus.com/articles/04481-godflesh-to-play-supersonic-justin-broadrick-interview, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=20 June 2010 , access-date=10 February 2018
{{cite interview , last=Broadrick , first=Justin , subject-link=Justin Broadrick , interviewer=Holly Dicker , title=EX.406 Justin Broadrick – Kicking Against the Pricks with the Birmingham Prodigy , url=https://www.residentadvisor.net/podcast-episode.aspx?exchange=406 , time=7:40, 8:10, 9:30 , work=
Resident Advisor ''Resident Advisor'' (also known as ''RA'') is an online music magazine and community platform established in 2001 and dedicated to showcasing electronic music, artists and events across the globe. Its editorial team provides news, music and ev ...
, date=21 April 2018 , access-date=17 May 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517162913/https://www.residentadvisor.net/podcast-episode.aspx?exchange=406 , archive-date=17 May 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Eglinton, first=Mark, title=Godflesh – Songs of Love and Hate Reissue, url=http://thequietus.com/articles/01179-godflesh-songs-of-love-and-hate-reissue-review, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=19 February 2009 , access-date=19 February 2018
{{cite journal , last1=Codrington , first1=Lee , title=Godflesh at The Garage in Highbury, London – 4 October 1997 , url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/livereviews.html#1997 , journal= Terrorizer , date=November 1997 , issue=48 , access-date=9 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408051340/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/livereviews.html#1997 , archive-date=8 April 2016 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Bush, first=John, title=Godflesh – Us and Them, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/us-and-them-mw0000667108, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151830/https://www.allmusic.com/album/us-and-them-mw0000667108, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Bromley, first=Adrian, title=Hymns of Progression, url=http://chroniclesofchaos.com/articles.aspx?id=1-390, work= Chronicles of Chaos, access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140836/http://chroniclesofchaos.com/articles.aspx?id=1-390, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Suarez, first=Gary, title=Voidhead: Justin Broadrick on the End of Godflesh, url=https://consequenceofsound.net/aux-out/voidhead-justin-broadrick-on-the-end-of-godflesh/, work=
Consequence of Sound ''Consequence'' (previously ''Consequence of Sound'') is an independently owned New York-based online magazine featuring news, editorials, and reviews of music, movies, and television. History ''Consequence of Sound'' was founded in Septem ...
, access-date=14 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143254/https://consequenceofsound.net/aux-out/voidhead-justin-broadrick-on-the-end-of-godflesh/, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite journal, last=Gabler, first=Pete, title=Peeling Back the Flesh, journal=
Metal Hammer ''Metal Hammer'' is a heavy metal music magazine and website founded in 1983, published in the United Kingdom by Future, with other language editions published by different companies available in numerous other countries. ''Metal Hammer'' featu ...
, date=July 1999, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/untarticles.html, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110200700/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/untarticles.html, archive-date=10 January 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Broadrick, first=Justin, author-link=Justin Broadrick, url=http://www.avalanche.demon.co.uk:80/godfleshpage1.html, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990501200123/http://www.avalanche.demon.co.uk/godfleshpage1.html, url-status=dead, archive-date=1 May 1999, title=Avalanche: Godflesh Page 1, website=avalanche.demon.co.uk, access-date=6 November 2018, df=dmy-all {{Cite AV media notes , title=In All Languages , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=2001, publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, id=MOSH246CD
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Hymns , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=2001 , publisher=
Music for Nations Music for Nations (MFN) is a British independent record label focusing mainly on rock and metal. Originally a subsidiary of Zomba Records, which was a division of BMG, the label was closed in 2004 and later revived in 2015 by Sony Music Ente ...
, id=CDMFN271
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Hymns , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=2001 , publisher= Koch Records , id=KOC-CD-8266 {{cite web, last=Westland, first=Raymond, title=Jesu Versus Godflesh – an Interview with Justin Broadrick, url=http://www.ghostcultmag.com/jesu-versus-godflesh-an-interview-with-justin-broadrick/, work=Ghost Cult, date=25 September 2013 , access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227034716/http://www.ghostcultmag.com/jesu-versus-godflesh-an-interview-with-justin-broadrick/, archive-date=27 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Bartkewicz , first=Anthony , title=Justin Broadrick , url=http://www.decibelmagazine.com/features/mar2007/justinbroadrick.aspx , work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, access-date=25 June 2013 , date=March 2007 , url-status=dead , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080223185218/http://www.decibelmagazine.com/features/mar2007/justinbroadrick.aspx , archive-date=23 February 2008
{{cite web, last=Fernando, first=S.H., title=Interview: Swans, Prong, and Godflesh Drummer Ted Parsons, url=http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2015/01/ted-parsons-interview, work= Red Bull Music Academy Daily, access-date=14 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215110822/http://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2015/01/ted-parsons-interview, archive-date=15 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{Cite AV media notes , title=Hymns ''(remastered)'' , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=2013 , publisher=
The End Records The End Records is a record label in Manhattan that specialized in rock, heavy metal, indie, and electronic music. History Early years (1998–2005) The End Records was founded by Andreas Katsambas in Pasadena, California, with the goal of ...
, id=TE254-2
{{cite web, last=Wiederhorn, first=Jon, title=Godflesh: Long Live the New Flesh, url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/godflesh-long-live-new-flesh, work=
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
, date=October 2014 , access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219090603/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/godflesh-long-live-new-flesh, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , first=Jon , last=Wiederhorn , title=Godflesh Singer Suffers Breakdown, Breaks Up Band , url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1453723/20020501/story.jhtml , publisher=
MTV MTV (an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable television television channel, channel and the flagship property of the MTV Entertainment Group sub-division of the Paramount Media Networks division of Paramount Global. Launched on ...
, access-date=15 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120825051033/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1453723/godflesh-break-up.jhtml , archive-date=25 August 2012 , url-status=dead , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://www.wonderingsound.com/feature/godflesh-justin-broadrick-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-avalanche-recordings-interview/ , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141118161702/http://www.wonderingsound.com/feature/godflesh-justin-broadrick-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-avalanche-recordings-interview/ , url-status=dead , archive-date=18 November 2014 , title=Godflesh and the Horror of Everyday Life , author=Parks, Andrew , date=10 October 2014 , work= Wondering Sound, access-date=17 March 2018, df=dmy-all {{cite news, url= https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/jul/18/electronicmusic, title= Till Deaf Us Do Part, author= Chick, Stevie, work=
TheGuardian.com ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardi ...
, access-date= 15 August 2018, archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170909185843/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/jul/18/electronicmusic, archive-date= 9 September 2017, url-status= live, df= dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1553090/metal-file-jesu-obituary-animosity-more-news-that-rules/ , title=Metal File: Jesu, Obituary, Animosity & More News That Rules , publisher=
MTV MTV (an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable television television channel, channel and the flagship property of the MTV Entertainment Group sub-division of the Paramount Media Networks division of Paramount Global. Launched on ...
, date=22 February 2007 , access-date=19 May 2014 , author=Harris, Chris , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140520033421/http://www.mtv.com/news/1553090/metal-file-jesu-obituary-animosity-more-news-that-rules/ , archive-date=20 May 2014 , url-status=dead , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Terich, first=Jeff, title=Godflesh: Hymns (Special Edition), url=http://www.treblezine.com/reviews/godflesh-hymns-special-edition/, work=Treble, date=22 February 2013 , access-date=14 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705095414/http://www.treblezine.com/reviews/godflesh-hymns-special-edition/, archive-date=5 July 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{Cite AV media notes , title=Heart Ache , type=CD liner notes , others= Jesu , year=2004 , publisher=Dry Run Recordings , id=dry98cd {{cite web, last=Teitelman, first=Bram, title=Justin Broadrick Talks the Rebirth of Godflesh, url=http://www.metalinsider.net/interviews/justin-broadrick-talks-the-rebirth-of-godflesh, work=Metal Insider, date=23 September 2014 , access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143933/http://www.metalinsider.net/interviews/justin-broadrick-talks-the-rebirth-of-godflesh, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Jahdi , first=Robin , title=Justin Broadrick: Past Meets Present , url=http://www.factmag.com/2010/10/18/justin-broadrick-past-meets-present/3/ , work=
Fact A fact is a truth, true data, datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. Standard reference works are often used to Fact-checking, check facts. Science, Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by ...
, date=18 October 2010 , access-date=16 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716224005/http://www.factmag.com/2010/10/18/justin-broadrick-past-meets-present/3/ , archive-date=16 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Godflesh Reunite for France's Hellfest, url=http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/godflesh-reunite-frances-hellfest, work=Metal Injection, date=30 November 2009 , access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151636/http://www.metalinjection.net/latest-news/godflesh-reunite-frances-hellfest, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite news, url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/godflesh-mainman-doesn-t-rule-out-possibility-of-new-material/, title=Godflesh Mainman Doesn't Rule Out Possibility of New Material, work=
Blabbermouth.net ''Blabbermouth.net'' is a website dedicated to metal and rock news, as well as album and music DVD reviews. It is run by the website's founder Borivoj Krgin. The first version of the website was launched in March 2001. In October 2001, the rec ...
, access-date=15 August 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141034/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/godflesh-mainman-doesn-t-rule-out-possibility-of-new-material/, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Godflesh Reunion a Disaster (According to Justin Broadrick), date=28 June 2010 , url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/godflesh-reunio/, publisher=
BrooklynVegan ''BrooklynVegan'' is an American online music magazine founded in 2004 by David Levine. The company is headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, and originally focused on vegan food and the music community in and around New York City, before broadeni ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151639/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/godflesh-reunio/, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Barthels, first=Élodie, title=Interview – Godflesh, url=http://www.shootmeagain.com/interviews/269_godflesh_vo, work=Shoot Me Again, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220092624/http://www.shootmeagain.com/interviews/269_godflesh_vo, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Yardley, first=Miranda, title=Godflesh to Perform 'Streetcleaner' in its Entirety at Roadburn Festival 2011, url=http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/godflesh-to-perform-streetcleaner-in-its-entirety-at-roadburn-festival-2011/, work= Terrorizer, date=27 October 2010 , access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151422/http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/godflesh-to-perform-streetcleaner-in-its-entirety-at-roadburn-festival-2011/, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite news, title=Reunited Godflesh Working on New Material, url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/reunited-godflesh-working-on-new-material/, work=
Blabbermouth.net ''Blabbermouth.net'' is a website dedicated to metal and rock news, as well as album and music DVD reviews. It is run by the website's founder Borivoj Krgin. The first version of the website was launched in March 2001. In October 2001, the rec ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011073610/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/reunited-godflesh-working-on-new-material/, archive-date=11 October 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Mudrian, first=Albert, title=Subscribe to Decibel for an Exclusive Godflesh Flexi Disc, url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2013/08/30/subscribe-to-decibel-for-an-exclusive-godflesh-flexi-disc/, work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=30 August 2013 , access-date=18 February 2018
{{cite web, last=Bonazelli, first=Andre, title=Fear, Emptiness, Decibel: Stream Godflesh's Cover of Slaughter's 'F.O.D. (F*ck of Death)'!, date=19 September 2013 , url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2013/09/19/fear-emptiness-decibel-stream-godfleshs-cover-slaughters-f-o-d-fck-of-death/, publisher=
MetalSucks MetalSucks is an American heavy metal music Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151648/http://www.metalsucks.net/2013/09/19/fear-emptiness-decibel-stream-godfleshs-cover-slaughters-f-o-d-fck-of-death/, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite press release, title=Saturday, April 20th – Roadburn, url=http://www.roadburn.com:80/roadburn-2013/saturday-april-2th, publisher=
Roadburn Festival The Roadburn Festival is an annual music festival held each April in Tilburg, Netherlands. It was founded by Walter Hoeijmakers and Jurgen van den Brand in 1999, who ran a stoner rock blog of the same name. The festival has been held at Tilburg ...
, access-date=5 December 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130123170431/http://www.roadburn.com/roadburn-2013/saturday-april-2th, archive-date=23 January 2013, url-status=dead, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Godflesh to Headline Roadburn Festival 2013 Performing 'Pure' in its Entirety for the First Time Ever, url=http://www.thesleepingshaman.com/news/godflesh-to-headline-roadburn-festival-2013-performing-pure-in-its-entirety-for-the-first-time-ever/, work=The Sleeping Shaman, date=19 April 2012 , access-date=15 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171215225944/http://www.thesleepingshaman.com/news/godflesh-to-headline-roadburn-festival-2013-performing-pure-in-its-entirety-for-the-first-time-ever/, archive-date=15 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Falzon, first=Denise, title=Godflesh's Justin K. Broadrick Talks Returning to Their Old-School Sound on First Album in 13 Years, url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/godfleshs_justin_k_broadrick_talks_returning_to_their_old-school_sound_on_first_album_in_13_years, work=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151211/https://exclaim.ca/music/article/godfleshs_justin_k_broadrick_talks_returning_to_their_old-school_sound_on_first_album_in_13_years, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Petersen, first=Albert, title=Justin Broadrick of Godflesh: Australia Bound, url=http://metalasfuck.net/zine/articles/2014/justin-broadrick-godflesh-australia-bound, work=Metal as Fuck, access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227035845/http://metalasfuck.net/zine/articles/2014/justin-broadrick-godflesh-australia-bound, archive-date=27 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Bowes, first=David, title=Godflesh: Justin K. Broadrick Talks to Dave Bowes About the Past, Present & Future, url=http://www.thesleepingshaman.com/interviews/g-q/godflesh-justin-k-broadrick-talks-to-dave-bowes-about-the-past-present-future/, work=The Sleeping Shaman, date=11 August 2014 , access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604134826/http://www.thesleepingshaman.com/interviews/g-q/godflesh-justin-k-broadrick-talks-to-dave-bowes-about-the-past-present-future/, archive-date=4 June 2016, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Quite Annihilating: A Chat with Justin Broadrick of Godflesh, url=http://www.invisibleoranges.com/quite-annihilating-a-chat-with-justin-broadrick-of-godflesh-2/, work=
Invisible Oranges ''Invisible Oranges'' is an American online music magazine dedicated to heavy metal news, band interviews and album reviews. It was founded by Cosmo Lee in September 2006 shortly after emigrating from San Francisco, California, United States t ...
, date=24 September 2014 , access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171227225119/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/quite-annihilating-a-chat-with-justin-broadrick-of-godflesh-2/, archive-date=27 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Rosenberg, first=Axl, title=OMG New Godflesh EP, date=8 May 2014 , url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2014/05/08/omg-new-godflesh-ep/, publisher=
MetalSucks MetalSucks is an American heavy metal music Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock ...
, access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171110061612/http://www.metalsucks.net/2014/05/08/omg-new-godflesh-ep/, archive-date=10 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite magazine, title=Godflesh Chart History – Heatseekers Albums, url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/godflesh/chart-history/tln/, magazine=
Billboard A billboard (also called a hoarding in the UK and many other parts of the world) is a large outdoor advertising structure (a billing board), typically found in high-traffic areas such as alongside busy roads. Billboards present large advertis ...
, access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180518095956/https://www.billboard.com/music/godflesh/chart-history/heatseekers-albums, archive-date=18 May 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/a-world-lit-only-by-fire/godflesh , title=A World Lit Only by Fire by Godflesh , website=
Metacritic Metacritic is an American website that aggregates reviews of films, television shows, music albums, video games, and formerly books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged (a weighted average). Metacritic was created ...
, access-date=7 October 2014 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008225459/http://www.metacritic.com/music/a-world-lit-only-by-fire/godflesh , archive-date=8 October 2014 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://exclaim.ca/Reviews/Metal/godflesh-world_lit_only_by_fire , title=Godflesh: A World Lit Only by Fire , work=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, date=3 October 2014 , access-date=6 October 2014 , author=Falzon, Denise , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141005230329/http://exclaim.ca/Reviews/Metal/godflesh-world_lit_only_by_fire , archive-date=5 October 2014 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite news , url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/godflesh-to-release-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-album-in-october-first-song-streaming/ , title=Godflesh to Release 'A World Lit Only by Fire' Album in October; First Song Streaming , work=
Blabbermouth.net ''Blabbermouth.net'' is a website dedicated to metal and rock news, as well as album and music DVD reviews. It is run by the website's founder Borivoj Krgin. The first version of the website was launched in March 2001. In October 2001, the rec ...
, date=5 August 2014 , access-date=6 August 2014 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811055122/http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/godflesh-to-release-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-album-in-october-first-song-streaming/ , archive-date=11 August 2014 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Lindsay, first=Cam, title=Godflesh and Angel Dust to Jesu and Children's Music: The Evolution of Justin Broadrick, url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/godflesh-and-angel-dust-to-jesu-and-childrens-music-the-evolution-of-justin-broadrick/, work=
Vice A vice is a practice, behaviour, Habit (psychology), habit or item generally considered morally wrong in the associated society. In more minor usage, vice can refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a defect, an infirmity, or a bad or unhe ...
, date=27 September 2013 , access-date=10 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211131215/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/68vzp6/godflesh-and-angel-dust-to-jesu-and-childrens-music-the-evolution-of-justin-broadrick, archive-date=11 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Aloras, first=Dimitris, title=Justin Broadrick (Godflesh) on Rock Overdose: 'The New Album Encompasses All the Sides of Godflesh', url=https://rockoverdose.gr/justin-broadrick-godflesh-rock-overdose-new-album-encompasses-sides-godflesh/, work=Rock Overdose, date=24 September 2017 , access-date=19 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235339/https://rockoverdose.gr/justin-broadrick-godflesh-rock-overdose-new-album-encompasses-sides-godflesh/, archive-date=19 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Godflesh played 'Streetcleaner,' Jesu & Prurient & Nothing Collabed, & More at Hospital Productions Anniversary (Pics, Video), date=7 November 2017 , url=http://www.brooklynvegan.com/godflesh-played-streetcleaner-jesu-prurient-nothing-collabed-more-at-hospital-productions-anniversary-pics-video/, publisher=
Brooklyn Vegan ''BrooklynVegan'' is an American online music magazine founded in 2004 by David Levine. The company is headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, and originally focused on vegan food and the music community in and around New York City, before broadeni ...
, access-date=5 December 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203074043/http://www.brooklynvegan.com/godflesh-played-streetcleaner-jesu-prurient-nothing-collabed-more-at-hospital-productions-anniversary-pics-video/, archive-date=3 December 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Mitras, first=Thanos, title=Interview with Justin Broadrick (Godflesh, Zonal), url=https://metalinvader.net/interview-with-justin-broadrick-godflesh-zonal/, work=Metal Invader, date=25 October 2017 , access-date=13 November 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113222824/https://metalinvader.net/interview-with-justin-broadrick-godflesh-zonal/, archive-date=13 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Simpson, first=Paul, title=Godflesh – Post Self, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/post-self-mw0003113020, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=16 November 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117070603/https://www.allmusic.com/album/post-self-mw0003113020, archive-date=17 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Post Self by Godflesh, url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/post-self/godflesh, website=
Metacritic Metacritic is an American website that aggregates reviews of films, television shows, music albums, video games, and formerly books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged (a weighted average). Metacritic was created ...
, access-date=4 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171211153637/http://www.metacritic.com/music/post-self/godflesh, archive-date=11 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Godflesh – A World Lit Only by Fire, url=https://www.albumoftheyear.org/album/19693-godflesh-a-world-lit-only-by-fire.php, publisher=Album of the Year, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222230044/https://www.albumoftheyear.org/album/19693-godflesh-a-world-lit-only-by-fire.php, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Godflesh – Post Self, url=https://www.albumoftheyear.org/album/90774-godflesh-post-self.php, publisher=Album of the Year, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222230046/https://www.albumoftheyear.org/album/90774-godflesh-post-self.php, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Mudrian , first=Albert , title=Godflesh's Justin Broadrick: 'I Never Feel Comfortable at Any Festival' , url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2018/10/17/godfleshs-justin-broadrick-i-never-feel-comfortable-at-any-festival/ , work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=17 October 2018 , access-date=18 October 2018
{{cite interview , last=Broadrick, first=Justin, subject-link=Justin Broadrick, interviewer=Ingmar Griffioen, date=15 May 2018 , title=Roadburn 2018: Justin K. Broadrick (Godflesh) Interview , url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=65&v=d4_YFT3y-mA , access-date=15 May 2018 , work=Never Mind the Hype, time=1:05 {{cite magazine , author= , title=Godflesh Interview , url=http://www.noisemag.net/shop/new-noise-42-anna-von-hausswolff/ , magazine=New Noise , location=France , language=fr , issue=42 , date=January–February 2018 , access-date=30 April 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180501092823/http://www.noisemag.net/shop/new-noise-42-anna-von-hausswolff/ , archive-date=1 May 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Justin Broadrick on... Justin Broadrick, url=http://www.self-titledmag.com/2013/09/27/justin-broadrick-on-justin-broadrick/, work=Self-Titled, access-date=24 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423035515/http://www.self-titledmag.com/2013/09/27/justin-broadrick-on-justin-broadrick/, archive-date=23 April 2018, url-status=dead, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Kelly, first=Jennifer, title=Relinquishing This World of Brutal Music: An Interview with Jesu's Justin Broadrick, url=https://www.popmatters.com/relinquishing-this-world-of-brutal-music-an-interview-with-jesus-justin-bro-2496240030.html, work=
PopMatters ''PopMatters'' is an international online magazine of cultural criticism that covers aspects of popular culture. ''PopMatters'' publishes reviews, interviews, and essays on cultural products and expressions in areas such as music, television, ...
, date=17 June 2007 , access-date=24 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180423042251/https://www.popmatters.com/relinquishing-this-world-of-brutal-music-an-interview-with-jesus-justin-bro-2496240030.html, archive-date=23 April 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://www.metrospirit.com/index.php?ShowArticle_ID=11012410074046204&cat=1993101070588705 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090210144406/http://www.metrospirit.com/index.php?ShowArticle_ID=11012410074046204&cat=1993101070588705 , url-status=dead , archive-date=10 February 2009 , title=Justin Broadrick: Existing Through Risk , author=Ruffin, Josh , date=23 October 2007 , work=Metro Spirit , access-date=19 September 2008 , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Stosuy, first=Brandon, title=Godflesh – Show No Mercy, url=https://pitchfork.com/features/show-no-mercy/9516-godflesh/, work=
Pitchfork A pitchfork or hay fork is an agricultural tool used to pitch loose material, such as hay, straw, manure, or leaves. It has a long handle and usually two to five thin tines designed to efficiently move such materials. The term is also applie ...
, date=3 October 2014 , access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151916/https://pitchfork.com/features/show-no-mercy/9516-godflesh/, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite journal , last=Babcock , first=Jay W. , title=In Godflesh We Trust , journal=RIP Magazine , date=December 1996 , url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article5.html , access-date=8 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120628102221/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article5.html , archive-date=28 June 2012 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Hennessy, first=Kate, title=Central to Process: Justin Broadrick's Favourite Albums, url=http://thequietus.com/articles/16496-justin-broadrick-godflesh-favourite-albums-interview?page=3, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=16 October 2014 , access-date=19 February 2018
{{cite journal, last=Pettigrew, first=Jason, title=Godflesh: The Power of Positive Paradoxes, journal=
Alternative Press Alternative press may refer to: Individual publications * ''Alternative Press'' (magazine), an American music magazine Alternative journalism * Alternative media ** Alternative media (U.S. political left) ** Alternative media (U.S. political r ...
, date=March 1991, volume=5, issue=36, pages=22, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article13.html, access-date=24 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406214957/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article13.html, archive-date=6 April 2016, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite book, last1=Newquist, first1=H. P. , last2=Maloof, first2=Rich, author-link1=HP Newquist, title=The New Metal Masters, date=1 April 2004, publisher=Blackbeat Books, isbn=978-0879308049, pages=38, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Xir98WSaTukC&q=broadrick+black+sabbath&pg=PA38, ref=24 February 2018 {{cite web, last=Burnett, first=Joseph, title=Extreme Language: an Interview with Justin K. Broadrick, url=http://thequietus.com/articles/08733-jk-flesh-interview-justin-broadrick, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=9 May 2012 , access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://archive.today/20120714152404/http://thequietus.com/articles/08733-jk-flesh-interview-justin-broadrick, archive-date=14 July 2012, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Prato, first=Greg, title=Godflesh – Biography & History, url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/godflesh-mn0000561715/biography, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=8 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140409/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/godflesh-mn0000561715/biography, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Gardner, first=Noel, title=Godflesh – Streetcleaner (Reissue), url=http://thequietus.com/articles/04771-godflesh-streetcleaner-reissue-review, work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=9 August 2010 , access-date=24 February 2018
{{cite web , title=Top 11 Influential Minds of Industrial Metal , url=https://consequenceofsound.net/2014/08/list-em-carefully-top-11-influential-minds-of-industrial-metal/full-post/ , work=
Consequence of Sound ''Consequence'' (previously ''Consequence of Sound'') is an independently owned New York-based online magazine featuring news, editorials, and reviews of music, movies, and television. History ''Consequence of Sound'' was founded in Septem ...
, date=28 August 2014 , access-date=1 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802011156/https://consequenceofsound.net/2014/08/list-em-carefully-top-11-influential-minds-of-industrial-metal/full-post/ , archive-date=2 August 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Chillingworth, first=Alec, title=The Bluffer's Guide: Industrial Metal, url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-bluffer-s-guide-industrial-metal, work=
Metal Hammer ''Metal Hammer'' is a heavy metal music magazine and website founded in 1983, published in the United Kingdom by Future, with other language editions published by different companies available in numerous other countries. ''Metal Hammer'' featu ...
, date=26 September 2014, access-date=25 May 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041747/https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-bluffer-s-guide-industrial-metal, archive-date=26 May 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=O'Connor , first=Andy , title=Godflesh: 'Imperator' , url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/tracks/17131-godflesh-imperator/ , work=
Pitchfork A pitchfork or hay fork is an agricultural tool used to pitch loose material, such as hay, straw, manure, or leaves. It has a long handle and usually two to five thin tines designed to efficiently move such materials. The term is also applie ...
, access-date=26 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180727085055/https://pitchfork.com/reviews/tracks/17131-godflesh-imperator/ , archive-date=27 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Wiederhorn, first=Jon, title=A Brief History of Post-Metal, date=4 August 2016, url=https://daily.bandcamp.com/2016/08/04/a-brief-history-of-post-metal/, publisher=
Bandcamp Bandcamp is an American online music distribution platform founded in 2008 by Oddpost co-founder Ethan Diamond and programmers Shawn Grunberger, Joe Holt and Neal Tucker, with an office and record store in Oakland, California. Acquired by Epic ...
, access-date=21 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520183403/https://daily.bandcamp.com/2016/08/04/a-brief-history-of-post-metal/, archive-date=20 May 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Nelson, first=Michael, title=Isis – 'Streetcleaner' (Godflesh Cover) (Stereogum Premiere), url=https://www.stereogum.com/1193711/isis-streetcleaner-godflesh-cover-stereogum-premiere/mp3s/, work=
Stereogum ''Stereogum'' is a daily Internet publication that focuses on music news, reviews, interviews, and commentary. The site was created in January 2002 by Scott Lapatine. ''Stereogum'' was one of the first MP3 blogs and has received several awar ...
, date=6 November 2012, access-date=21 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222225542/https://www.stereogum.com/1193711/isis-streetcleaner-godflesh-cover-stereogum-premiere/mp3s/, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite news, last=Caramanica, first=Joe, title=The Alchemy of Art-World Heavy Metal, url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/20/arts/the-alchemy-of-artworld-heavy-metal.html, work=
The New York Times ''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of ...
, date=20 September 2005, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218003017/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/20/arts/the-alchemy-of-artworld-heavy-metal.html, archive-date=18 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite news, last=Lawson, first=Dom, title=Godflesh: A World Lit Only by Fire Review – Pioneers of Heavy Experimental Music Return, url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/oct/02/godflesh-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-review, work=
TheGuardian.com ''The Guardian'' is a British daily newspaper. It was founded in Manchester in 1821 as ''The Manchester Guardian'' and changed its name in 1959, followed by a move to London. Along with its sister paper, ''The Guardian Weekly'', ''The Guardi ...
, access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201044035/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/oct/02/godflesh-a-world-lit-only-by-fire-review, archive-date=1 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/02546-godflesh-slavestate-pure-cold-world-reissue-album-reviews , title=Godflesh – Slavestate, Pure, Cold World Reissues , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=21 August 2009 , access-date=21 January 2013 , author=Gardner, Noel
{{cite web, title=The 100 Best Albums of the 1980s, url=http://www.factmag.com/2013/06/24/the-100-best-albums-of-the-1980s-100-81/99/, work=
Fact A fact is a truth, true data, datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. Standard reference works are often used to Fact-checking, check facts. Science, Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by ...
, date=24 June 2013, access-date=13 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117122400/http://www.factmag.com/2013/06/24/the-100-best-albums-of-the-1980s-100-81/99/, archive-date=17 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Kailas, title=Architects of Rage: Godflesh on Streetcleaner nterviewurl=http://www.trebuchet-magazine.com/architects-of-rage-godflesh-on-streetcleaner-interview/, work=Trebuchet, date=16 July 2011, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222232812/http://www.trebuchet-magazine.com/architects-of-rage-godflesh-on-streetcleaner-interview/, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, url=http://newnoisemagazine.com/godflesh-making-brutally-extreme-metal-guys-drum-machine/, title=Godflesh: Making Brutally Extreme Metal with Two Guys and a Drum Machine, last=Ringo, first=Brandon, website=
New Noise Magazine ''New Noise Magazine'' is an American music magazine that focuses on artist news, band interviews, album reviews and underground culture. It was founded in February 2013, by Lisa Root, who had previously been the co-founder and editor-in-chief o ...
, date=7 November 2017, access-date=26 November 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201050051/http://newnoisemagazine.com/godflesh-making-brutally-extreme-metal-guys-drum-machine/, archive-date=1 December 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Bannon, first=Jacob, author-link=Jacob Bannon, title=Godflesh, url=http://roadburn.com/band/godflesh/, publisher=
Roadburn Festival The Roadburn Festival is an annual music festival held each April in Tilburg, Netherlands. It was founded by Walter Hoeijmakers and Jurgen van den Brand in 1999, who ran a stoner rock blog of the same name. The festival has been held at Tilburg ...
, access-date=21 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222165257/http://roadburn.com/band/godflesh/, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Rivadavia, first=Eduardo, title=Godflesh – Messiah, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/messiah-mw0000022993, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=21 January 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001146/https://www.allmusic.com/album/messiah-mw0000022993, archive-date=22 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Chalmers , first=Anthony , title=Playlist: Raw Power Staff Picks , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/24641-raw-power-staff-picks-playlist , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=22 May 2018 , access-date=12 June 2018
{{cite web , last=Pehling , first=Dave , title=Iconic UK Punk Group Headlines Independent in SF , date=26 May 2018 , url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/05/26/iconic-uk-punk-group-headlines-independent-in-sf/ , publisher=
CBS CBS Broadcasting Inc., commonly shortened to CBS (an abbreviation of its original name, Columbia Broadcasting System), is an American commercial broadcast television and radio network serving as the flagship property of the CBS Entertainme ...
, access-date=16 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194822/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2018/05/26/iconic-uk-punk-group-headlines-independent-in-sf/ , archive-date=16 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite interview , last1=Broadrick, first1=Justin, subject-link1=Justin Broadrick, last2=Green, first2=B. C., subject-link2=B. C. Green, time=8:10, title=Godflesh – Interview Lomax, url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JY0Ac6YKgi8 , archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/JY0Ac6YKgi8 , archive-date=2021-12-21 , url-status=live, date=16 May 2013, publisher=Le 106 , access-date=16 July 2018{{cbignore {{cite interview , last1=Broadrick, first1=Justin, subject-link1=Justin Broadrick, last2=Green, first2=B. C., subject-link2=B. C. Green, time=4:48, title=Justin Broadrick and G. C. Green of Godflesh Interview Moscow, Russia, 2013, url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vM6jJxqLSi4, date=24 August 2013, website=drugmetal.ru , access-date=16 July 2018 {{cite web , title=Jesu – Justin Broadrick Interview , url=http://www.rashrock.com/www/main.php?subaction=showfull&id=1110984724&archive=&start_from=&ucat=143&menu=menu_interviews&content=interviews2 , work=RashRock , url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070621203610/http://www.rashrock.com/www/main.php?subaction=showfull&id=1110984724&archive=&start_from=&ucat=143&menu=menu_interviews&content=interviews2, archive-date=21 June 2007, access-date=28 July 2018 {{cite journal, last=Pettigrew, first=Jason, title=Godflesh – Louder Than Life, journal=
Alternative Press Alternative press may refer to: Individual publications * ''Alternative Press'' (magazine), an American music magazine Alternative journalism * Alternative media ** Alternative media (U.S. political left) ** Alternative media (U.S. political r ...
, date=June 1992, issue=1992, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article2.html, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160425080925/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/article2.html, archive-date=25 April 2016, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Ivers, first=Brandon, title=Justin Broadrick in the Studio, url=https://www.xlr8r.com/features/2007/04/justin-broadrick-in-the-studio/, work=
XLR8R ''XLR8R'' (pronounced "accelerator") is a website that covers music, culture, style, and technology. It was originally also a print magazine. History and profile ''XLR8R'' was founded as a newsprint zine in 1993 by publisher Andrew Smith in S ...
, date=12 April 2007, access-date=17 March 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602095958/https://www.xlr8r.com/features/2007/04/justin-broadrick-in-the-studio/, archive-date=2 June 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Whelan , first=Kez , title=Godflesh: Interview & Album Stream , url=http://www.terrorizer.com/news/features-2/godflesh-interview-album-stream/ , work= Terrorizer , date=6 October 2014 , access-date=1 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170907080503/http://www.terrorizer.com/news/features-2/godflesh-interview-album-stream/ , archive-date=7 September 2017 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite journal , last=Paone , first=Caroline , title=Benny Green's Tumultuous Soundscapes , url=https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Dh51FRYWsAE4CWV.jpg:large, access-date=12 July 2018, journal= Bass Player , date=June 1997 , pages=13–14 {{cite interview , last=Patton, first=Mike, subject-link=Mike Patton, time=7:30, title=The Making of Angel Dust, url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TbM04nxetI&t=450 , archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/3TbM04nxetI , archive-date=2021-12-21 , url-status=live, date=1992 , publisher=
MTV MTV (an initialism of Music Television) is an American cable television television channel, channel and the flagship property of the MTV Entertainment Group sub-division of the Paramount Media Networks division of Paramount Global. Launched on ...
, access-date=16 July 2018{{cbignore
{{cite web, last=Walschots, first=Natalie Zina, title=Faith No More – Return of the King, url=https://exclaim.ca/music/article/faith_no_more-return_of_king, work=
Exclaim! ''Exclaim!'' is a Canadian music and entertainment publisher based in Toronto, which features coverage of new music across all genres with a special focus on Canadian and emerging artists. The monthly ''Exclaim!'' print magazine publishes seven ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220092247/http://exclaim.ca/music/article/faith_no_more-return_of_king, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Pearson, first=Digby, author-link=Digby Pearson, title=Godflesh and Hammett/Metallica, url=http://askearache.blogspot.com/2006/06/godflesh-and-hammettmetallica.html, website=askearache.blogspot.com, date=21 June 2006, publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, access-date=18 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219090737/http://askearache.blogspot.com/2006/06/godflesh-and-hammettmetallica.html, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite interview , last=Cazares , first=Dino , subject-link=Dino Cazares , interviewer=William Richards , title=Dino Cazares on 'Genexus', 'Rip Off' Clarification, Live & Programmed Drums & Technology (2015) , type=audio , url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NuP5ihxjRLA , archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/NuP5ihxjRLA , archive-date=2021-12-21 , url-status=live, time=14:00, work=Metal Wani , date=15 August 2015 , access-date=8 June 2018{{cbignore {{cite web , url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/19482-godflesh-decline-and-fall-ep/ , title=Godflesh – Decline and Fall EP , work=
Pitchfork A pitchfork or hay fork is an agricultural tool used to pitch loose material, such as hay, straw, manure, or leaves. It has a long handle and usually two to five thin tines designed to efficiently move such materials. The term is also applie ...
, date=2 July 2014 , access-date=6 August 2014 , last=Camp , first=Zoe , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808034828/http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/19482-godflesh-decline-and-fall-ep/ , archive-date=8 August 2014 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Turner , first=Aaron , subject-link=Aaron Turner , title=Aaron Turner's Top 10 Live Acts, from Merzbow & Full of Hell to Jon Mueller , url=http://www.self-titledmag.com/2015/12/30/aaron-turners-top-10-live-acts/ , work=Self-Titled , access-date=8 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612150053/http://www.self-titledmag.com/2015/12/30/aaron-turners-top-10-live-acts/ , archive-date=12 June 2018 , url-status=dead, df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Brown , first=Gavin , title=Interview: Aaron Turner (Mamiffer, Sumac, Old Man Gloom) , url=https://www.echoesanddust.com/2016/04/interview-aaron-turner-mamiffer-sumac-old-man-gloom/ , work=Echoes and Dust , date=23 April 2016 , access-date=8 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129105253/http://echoesanddust.com/2016/04/interview-aaron-turner-mamiffer-sumac-old-man-gloom/ , archive-date=29 January 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=de Brauw, first=Trevor, title=Interview: When Pelican Met Jesu, url=http://www.self-titledmag.com/2013/09/27/interview-when-pelican-met-jesu/, work=Self-Titled, access-date=22 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222232746/http://www.self-titledmag.com/2013/09/27/interview-when-pelican-met-jesu/, archive-date=22 February 2018, url-status=dead, df=dmy-all {{Cite episode, title=Godflesh's 'Streetcleaner': Justin Broadrick, Nothing, Prurient on Revolutionary LP, url=https://www.revolvermag.com/premium-video/music/godfleshs-streetcleaner-justin-broadrick-nothing-prurient-revolutionary-lp, access-date=16 April 2018, series=Jesu X Nothing X Prurient, first=Dominick, last=Fernow, author-link=Dominick Fernow, network=''
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
'', date=16 April 2018, minutes=3:40 and 9:55, quote=There's no other band and there's no other record that represents the passion, the love and the dedication and sacrifice for all of everything that makes up industrial, everything that makes up metal, everything that makes up any kind of underground, subcultural movement than ''Streetcleaner''. With Justin, as a guy who's arguably invented possibly two, maybe three genres of music, he's the sweetest, most passionate, dedicated person that I know in the music business., language=en, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417105816/https://www.revolvermag.com/premium-video/music/godfleshs-streetcleaner-justin-broadrick-nothing-prurient-revolutionary-lp, archive-date=17 April 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=MacMurdo , first=Walker , title=Mic Check: Prurient , url=http://www.wweek.com/music/2015/09/23/mic-check-prurient/ , work=
Willamette Week ''Willamette Week'' (''WW'') is an alternative weekly newspaper and a website published in Portland, Oregon, United States, since 1974. It features reports on local news, politics, sports, business, and culture. History Early history '' ...
, date=23 September 2015 , access-date=8 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143748/http://www.wweek.com/music/2015/09/23/mic-check-prurient/ , archive-date=12 June 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite journal, last=Gonzales, first=Ron, title=Jesu Frontman Puts Thought into Heavy Music, journal=
Albuquerque Journal The ''Albuquerque Journal'' is the largest newspaper in the U.S. state of New Mexico. History The ''Golden Gate'' newspaper was founded in June 1880. In the fall of 1880, the owner of the ''Golden Gate'' died and Journal Publishing Company was ...
, date=5 October 2007, page=61
{{cite web, title=Interview: Tommy Victor, Prong, url=http://www.invisibleoranges.com/interview-tommy-victor-prong/, work=
Invisible Oranges ''Invisible Oranges'' is an American online music magazine dedicated to heavy metal news, band interviews and album reviews. It was founded by Cosmo Lee in September 2006 shortly after emigrating from San Francisco, California, United States t ...
, date=27 January 2009 , access-date=25 May 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041701/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/interview-tommy-victor-prong/, archive-date=26 May 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite book, last1=Rosenberg, first1=Axl, last2=Krovatin, first2=Christopher, title=Hellraisers: A Complete Visual History of Heavy Metal Mayhem, date=24 October 2017, publisher=Race Point Publishing, isbn=978-1631064302, page=201, url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SlA0DwAAQBAJ&q=godflesh&pg=PA201, access-date=25 May 2018 {{cite web, last=Randon, first=Danny, title=Code Orange: 'We Wanted to Drop This Thing Like a Bomb', url=https://www.upsetmagazine.com/features/code-orange-wanted-drop-thing-like-bomb/, work=Upset Magazine, access-date=25 May 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526041139/https://www.upsetmagazine.com/features/code-orange-wanted-drop-thing-like-bomb/, archive-date=26 May 2018, url-status=dead, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Pessaro, first=Fred, title=Best of 2017: Code Orange's Jami Morgan Picks Best Music of Year, url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/best-2017-code-oranges-jami-morgan-picks-best-music-year, work=
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
, date=11 December 2017, access-date=25 May 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180526112638/https://www.revolvermag.com/music/best-2017-code-oranges-jami-morgan-picks-best-music-year, archive-date=26 May 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Morton , first=Luke , title=Mortiis Talks Remix Albums, Godflesh, and the State of Industrial Metal , url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/mortis-talks-remix-albums-godflesh-and-the-state-of-industrial-metal , work=
Metal Hammer ''Metal Hammer'' is a heavy metal music magazine and website founded in 1983, published in the United Kingdom by Future, with other language editions published by different companies available in numerous other countries. ''Metal Hammer'' featu ...
, date=27 February 2017 , access-date=21 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180722011413/https://www.loudersound.com/features/mortis-talks-remix-albums-godflesh-and-the-state-of-industrial-metal , archive-date=22 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Bellino , first=Vince , title=Track Premiere: Mortiis – 'The Great Leap (Godflesh Remix)' , url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2017/02/27/track-premiere-mortiis-the-great-leap-godflesh-remix/ , work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=27 February 2017 , access-date=21 July 2018
{{cite web , last=Yardley , first=Miranda , title=Devin Townsend: 'I Found Out About Playing Damnation Festival on Twitter' , url=http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/devin-townsend-i-found-out-about-playing-damnation-festival-on-twitter/ , work= Terrorizer , date=19 October 2011 , access-date=1 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801221151/http://www.terrorizer.com/news/news-news/devin-townsend-i-found-out-about-playing-damnation-festival-on-twitter/ , archive-date=1 August 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Stasis , first=Spyros , title=Godflesh: Post Self , url=https://www.popmatters.com/godflesh-post-self-2517211343.html , work=
PopMatters ''PopMatters'' is an international online magazine of cultural criticism that covers aspects of popular culture. ''PopMatters'' publishes reviews, interviews, and essays on cultural products and expressions in areas such as music, television, ...
, date=15 December 2017 , access-date=11 June 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612153815/https://www.popmatters.com/godflesh-post-self-2517211343.html , archive-date=12 June 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last1=Rosenberg , first1=Axl , title=Show Review: Godflesh Bring People Together , date=11 April 2014 , url=http://www.metalsucks.net/2014/04/11/show-review-godflesh-bring-people-together/ , publisher=
MetalSucks MetalSucks is an American heavy metal music Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a Music genre, genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States. With roots in blues rock ...
, access-date=17 December 2018
{{cite web, last=Nanos, first=Darren, title=Godflesh – Self-Titled EP (1988), url=http://justavisual.net/2013/?p=387, work=Just a Visual, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151952/http://justavisual.net/2013/?p=387, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Godflesh Artwork Descriptions, url=http://www.godflesh.com/artwork.html, website=godflesh.com, publisher=Crumbling Flesh, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180214192208/http://www.godflesh.com/artwork.html, archive-date=14 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, title=Godflesh, url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2909142/, website=
IMDb IMDb, historically known as the Internet Movie Database, is an online database of information related to films, television series, podcasts, home videos, video games, and streaming content online – including cast, production crew and biograp ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170218081039/http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2909142/, archive-date=18 February 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=DeSimone, first=Nick, title=Metal Insider Top 5: Metal Songs in Horror Movies, url=http://www.metalinsider.net/columns/top-5/metal-insider-top-5-metal-songs-in-horror-movies, work=Metal Insider, date=31 October 2014, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612144016/http://www.metalinsider.net/columns/top-5/metal-insider-top-5-metal-songs-in-horror-movies, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Dicker, first=Holly, title=Playing Favourites: Justin Broadrick, url=https://www.residentadvisor.net/features/1567, work=
Resident Advisor ''Resident Advisor'' (also known as ''RA'') is an online music magazine and community platform established in 2001 and dedicated to showcasing electronic music, artists and events across the globe. Its editorial team provides news, music and ev ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612140911/https://www.residentadvisor.net/features/1567, archive-date=12 June 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, title=Interview with Justin K. Broadrick, Jesu, Saturday May 20th, 2006, url=http://nightseminar.blogspot.com/2008/09/interview-with-justin-k-broadrick-jesu.html, work=Night Seminar, date=24 September 2008, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151906/http://nightseminar.blogspot.com/2008/09/interview-with-justin-k-broadrick-jesu.html, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Horsley, first=Jonathan, title=Live Review: Neurosis + Godflesh, HMV Forum, London, url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2012/12/04/live-review-neurosis-godflesh-hmv-forum-london/, work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=4 December 2012, access-date=24 February 2018
{{cite web, title=Jesu Interview: Justin Broadrick Confirms New Godflesh Studio Album, Discusses Jesu's Latest, Imperfection, Self-Indulgence, Roadburn, and Much More, url=http://theobelisk.net/obelisk/2011/05/06/jesuinterview/, work=The Obelisk, date=6 May 2011, access-date=26 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227035708/http://theobelisk.net/obelisk/2011/05/06/jesuinterview/, archive-date=27 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Harper, first=Jim, title=Godflesh – Hymns, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/hymns-mw0000014756, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180119235222/https://www.allmusic.com/album/hymns-mw0000014756, archive-date=19 January 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Tfaaon, title=Godflesh at Hellfest 2014, url=https://www.lagrosseradio.com/metal/webzine-metal/live-report-metal/p9551-godflesh-au-hellfest-2014.html, work=La Grosse Radio, date=7 July 2014, language=fr, access-date=17 March 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318150546/https://www.lagrosseradio.com/metal/webzine-metal/live-report-metal/p9551-godflesh-au-hellfest-2014.html, archive-date=18 March 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web , last=Gavrilovska , first=Ana , title=A Conversation with Justin Broadrick of Godflesh Ahead of Their Detroit Performance , url=https://www.metrotimes.com/city-slang/archives/2018/08/21/a-conversation-with-justin-broadrick-of-godflesh-ahead-of-their-detroit-performance , work=
Metro Times The ''Detroit Metro Times'' is a progressive alternative weekly newspaper located in Detroit, Michigan. It is the largest circulating weekly newspaper in the metro Detroit area. The ''Metro Times'' was an official sponsor of the now-defunct De ...
, access-date=22 August 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180821181745/https://www.metrotimes.com/city-slang/archives/2018/08/21/a-conversation-with-justin-broadrick-of-godflesh-ahead-of-their-detroit-performance , archive-date=21 August 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Wharton, first=Bryer, title=Playing with Fire: An Interview with Godflesh's Justin K. Broadrick, url=https://www.slugmag.com/music-features/playing-with-fire-an-interview-with-godfleshs-justin-k-broadrick/, work= SLUG Magazine, date=2 October 2014, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220152220/https://www.slugmag.com/music-features/playing-with-fire-an-interview-with-godfleshs-justin-k-broadrick/, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Raggett, first=Ned, title=Godflesh – Streetcleaner, url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/streetcleaner-mw0000690769, website=
AllMusic AllMusic (previously known as All-Music Guide and AMG) is an American online database, online music database. It catalogs more than three million album entries and 30 million tracks, as well as information on Musical artist, musicians and Mus ...
, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107115951/https://www.allmusic.com/album/streetcleaner-mw0000690769, archive-date=7 November 2017, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Welsh, first=April Clare, title=Godflesh Legend Justin K. Broadrick on Crying at Christmas and the Coping Power of Extreme Music, url=http://www.factmag.com/2017/12/20/godflesh-justin-broadrick-interview/, work=
Fact A fact is a truth, true data, datum about one or more aspects of a circumstance. Standard reference works are often used to Fact-checking, check facts. Science, Scientific facts are verified by repeatable careful observation or measurement by ...
, date=20 December 2017, access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220151822/http://www.factmag.com/2017/12/20/godflesh-justin-broadrick-interview/, archive-date=20 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite journal, last=Reynolds, first=Simon, author-link=Simon Reynolds, title=Godflesh – Godflesh (Earache), journal=
Melody Maker ''Melody Maker'' was a British weekly music magazine, one of the world's earliest music weeklies; according to its publisher, IPC Media, the earliest. In January 2001, it was merged into "long-standing rival" (and IPC Media sister publicatio ...
, date=March 1990, volume=66, pages=38
{{cite journal , last=Estrada, first=Kevin, title=Justin Broadrick on Godflesh , journal=
Guitar Player ''Guitar Player'' was an American magazine for guitarists, founded in 1967 in San Jose, California San Jose, officially the City of San José ( ; ), is a cultural, commercial, and political center within Silicon Valley and the San Francis ...
, date=December 1990
{{cite web , title=Interview: Justin Broadrick , url=https://www.attnmagazine.co.uk/features/5502 , publisher= ATTN: , access-date=23 October 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024035729/https://www.attnmagazine.co.uk/features/5502 , archive-date=24 October 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{cite web, last=Hassan, first=Marcos, title=Godflesh Is Still Driven by Implosion (and Leonard Cohen Lyrics), url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/godflesh-is-still-driven-by-implosion-and-leonard-cohen-lyrics/, work=
Vice A vice is a practice, behaviour, Habit (psychology), habit or item generally considered morally wrong in the associated society. In more minor usage, vice can refer to a fault, a negative character trait, a defect, an infirmity, or a bad or unhe ...
, date=10 February 2017 , access-date=19 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180219151146/https://noisey.vice.com/en_us/article/mgxqdq/godflesh-is-still-driven-by-implosion-and-leonard-cohen-lyrics, archive-date=19 February 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Pure , type=CD liner notes , others=Godflesh , year=1992 , publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, id=MOSH32
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Songs of Love and Hate, type=Vinyl liner notes , others=
Leonard Cohen Leonard Norman Cohen (September 21, 1934November 7, 2016) was a Canadian songwriter, singer, poet, and novelist. Themes commonly explored throughout his work include faith and mortality, isolation and depression, betrayal and redemption, soc ...
, year=1971, publisher=
Columbia Records Columbia Records is an American reco ...
, id=C 30103
{{cite web , last=Thomson , first=Jamie , title=Avant-Garde Epiphanies in Tilburg: Roadburn 2011 Reviewed , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/06151-roadburn-festival-review , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=22 April 2011 , access-date=8 July 2018
{{cite journal , last1=Kot , first1=Greg , title=Raw, Entertaining Spectacle – Glenn Danzig Lets Loose, but Metal Night at Riviera Belongs to Godflesh , journal=
Chicago Tribune The ''Chicago Tribune'' is an American daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1847, it was formerly self-styled as the "World's Greatest Newspaper", a slogan from which its once integrated WGN (AM), WGN radio and ...
, date=11 December 1994 , page=83
{{cite book , last=Bayer , first=Gerd , title=Heavy Metal Music in Britain , series=Ashgate Popular and Folk Music Series, date=10 September 2016 , publisher=
Routledge Routledge ( ) is a British multinational corporation, multinational publisher. It was founded in 1836 by George Routledge, and specialises in providing academic books, academic journals, journals and online resources in the fields of the humanit ...
and
Ashgate Publishing Ashgate Publishing was an academic book and journal publisher based in Farnham (Surrey, United Kingdom). It was established in 1967 and specialised in the social sciences, arts, humanities and professional practice. It had an American office in ...
, isbn=9781138249387 , page=64
{{cite web, last=Pearson, first=Digby, author-link=Digby Pearson, title=Was Mick Harris in Godflesh, Doom and ENT?, date=10 January 2010, url=https://askearache.blogspot.com/2010/01/was-mick-harris-in-godflesh-doom-and.html, publisher=
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
, access-date=16 July 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180716194808/https://askearache.blogspot.com/2010/01/was-mick-harris-in-godflesh-doom-and.html, archive-date=16 July 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web, last=Tfaaon, title=Justin K. Broadrick, Guitarist and Singer of Godflesh, url=https://www.lagrosseradio.com/metal/webzine-metal/interview-metal/p10142-justin-k-broadrick-guitariste-et-chanteur-de-godflesh.html, work=La Grosse Radio, date=14 October 2014, language=fr, access-date=17 March 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180318131220/https://www.lagrosseradio.com/metal/webzine-metal/interview-metal/p10142-justin-k-broadrick-guitariste-et-chanteur-de-godflesh.html, archive-date=18 March 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{Cite web, url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/10-essential-industrial-albums#front-242-front-front, title=10 Essential Industrial Albums , access-date=18 October 2021, work=
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
, date=18 October 2021
{{cite web, title=Godflesh Live at Boston, MA's Paradise Rock Club, url=http://www.invisibleoranges.com/godflesh-live-at-boston-mas-paradise-rock-club-9172015/, work=
Invisible Oranges ''Invisible Oranges'' is an American online music magazine dedicated to heavy metal news, band interviews and album reviews. It was founded by Cosmo Lee in September 2006 shortly after emigrating from San Francisco, California, United States t ...
, date=14 October 2015 , access-date=8 July 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709094412/http://www.invisibleoranges.com/godflesh-live-at-boston-mas-paradise-rock-club-9172015/, archive-date=9 July 2018, url-status=live, df=dmy-all
{{cite web , last=Cook , first=Toby , title=Live Report: Neurosis & Godflesh , url=http://thequietus.com/articles/10989-neurosis-godflesh-live-review-london , work=
The Quietus ''The Quietus'' is a British online music and pop culture magazine founded by John Doran and Luke Turner. The site is an editorially independent publication led by Doran with a group of freelance journalists and critics. Content ''The Quietu ...
, date=17 December 2012 , access-date=8 July 2018
{{cite web , last=Bellino , first=Vince , title=5 Great Live Roadburn Albums , url=https://www.decibelmagazine.com/2017/06/30/5-great-live-roadburn-albums/ , work=
Decibel The decibel (symbol: dB) is a relative unit of measurement equal to one tenth of a bel (B). It expresses the ratio of two values of a Power, root-power, and field quantities, power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whos ...
, date=30 June 2017 , access-date=8 July 2018
{{cite journal , last=Capper , first=Andy , author-link=Andy Capper, title=Godflesh in Highbury, London: Live Review , journal=
NME ''New Musical Express'' (''NME'') is a British music, film, gaming and culture website, bimonthly magazine, and brand. Founded as a newspaper in 1952, with the publication being referred to as a "Rock music, rock inkie", the ''NME'' would be ...
, date=22 July 1999
{{cite web , last=Sinclar , first=Paul , title=Godflesh Live Review: Summerhall, Edinburgh, 20 Jul , url=https://www.theskinny.co.uk/music/live-music/reviews/godflesh-summerhall-edinburgh-20-jul , work= The Skinny , access-date=17 December 2018 {{cite web , last=Gerrard , first=Steve , title=Godflesh at the National – 18th September 2015 , url=https://www.montrealrocks.ca/godflesh-national-montreal/ , work=Montreal Rocks , date=18 September 2015 , access-date=11 July 2018 {{cite web , last=Staples , first=Derek , title=Concert Review: Godflesh/Prurient , url=https://spectrumculture.com/2015/09/24/concert-review-godfleshprurient/ , work=Spectrum Culture , date=25 September 2015 , access-date=17 December 2018 {{cite web , last1=Teppo , first1=Mark , title=Features: Godflesh , url=https://earpollution.com/v2/vol4/features/interviews/godflesh/default.asp , publisher=EarPollution , url-status=dead, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020612094617/https://earpollution.com/v2/vol4/features/interviews/godflesh/default.asp, archive-date=12 June 2002, access-date=28 July 2018 {{cite journal , last=Chainsaw , first=Billy , title=Godflesh at The Garage, London on July 2nd, 1999 , journal=
Kerrang! ''Kerrang!'' is a British music webzine and quarterly magazine that primarily covers rock, punk and heavy metal music. Since 2017, the magazine has been published by Wasted Talent Ltd (the same company that owns electronic music publication ...
, date=24 July 1999
{{cite journal , last=Harper , first=Judd , title=1991 Interview with G. C. Green and Paul Neville , journal=Disposable Underground , date=2006 , url=https://disposableunderground.tumblr.com/post/625619326629724160/our-interview-with-godflesh-originally-appeared-in , access-date=6 August 2020 {{Dead link, date=June 2024 , bot=InternetArchiveBot , fix-attempted=yes {{cite web, url=http://www.godflesh.com/articles/statement.html, title=Godflesh Disbands, website=godflesh.com, publisher=Crumbling Flesh, access-date=18 December 2017, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304185911/http://www.godflesh.com/articles/statement.html, archive-date=4 March 2016, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite journal, title=Godflesh's New Album, journal=
Rock-A-Rolla ''Rock-A-Rolla'' was a music magazine covering experimental, avant-garde, noise and metal artists pushing the boundaries of music. Launched in late 2005, it was published bi-monthly in the UK by V-Squared Publishing Limited and distributed worl ...
, issue=37, page=7
{{cite web, last=Prarthana, title=Interviews: 'The New Album Is Raw, Heavy and Pure Godflesh!' – an Interview with Justin Broadrick (Godflesh), url=http://www.metalobsession.net/2014/10/20/the-new-album-is-raw-heavy-and-pure-godflesh-an-interview-with-justin-broadrick-godflesh/, work=Metal Obsession, date=20 October 2014, access-date=12 February 2018, archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725184135/http://www.metalobsession.net/2014/10/20/the-new-album-is-raw-heavy-and-pure-godflesh-an-interview-with-justin-broadrick-godflesh/, archive-date=25 July 2015, url-status=live, df=dmy-all {{cite journal , last1=Exley , first1=Mike , title=Flesh Wound '91 , journal= Thrash 'n Burn , date=August 1991 , pages=26–27 , url=http://homeofmetal.com/the-archive/godflesh-interview/ , access-date=11 July 2018 , archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712001433/http://homeofmetal.com/the-archive/godflesh-interview/ , archive-date=12 July 2018 , url-status=live , df=dmy-all {{Cite AV media notes , title=New Flesh in Dub Vol 1, type=digital liner notes , url=https://godflesh1.bandcamp.com/album/new-flesh-in-dub-vol-1, year=2021, others=Godflesh, publisher= Avalanche Recordings, id=AREC053DUB {{cite journal , last1=Poscic , first1=Antonio , title=Justin K Broadrick , journal=
The Wire ''The Wire'' is an American Crime fiction, crime Drama (film and television), drama television series created and primarily written by the American author and former police reporter David Simon for the cable network HBO. The series premiered o ...
, date=April 2022 , issue=458 , pages=30–39
{{Cite AV media notes , title=Long Live the New Flesh, type=digital liner notes , url=https://www.justinkbroadrick.com/products/godflesh-long-live-the-new-flesh-4cd-box-set-arec053-pre-order, year=2021, others=Godflesh, publisher= Avalanche Recordings, id=AREC053 {{cite web, last=Enis, first=Eli, title=20 Great Albums from 1992, url=https://www.revolvermag.com/music/20-great-albums-1992#godflesh-pure, work=
Revolver A revolver is a repeating handgun with at least one barrel and a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold six cartridges before needing to be reloaded, ...
, date=6 June 2022 , accessdate=9 June 2022


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Bandcamp Bandcamp is an American online music distribution platform founded in 2008 by Oddpost co-founder Ethan Diamond and programmers Shawn Grunberger, Joe Holt and Neal Tucker, with an office and record store in Oakland, California. Acquired by Epic ...
through Avalanche Recordings (2003–present)
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Bandcamp Bandcamp is an American online music distribution platform founded in 2008 by Oddpost co-founder Ethan Diamond and programmers Shawn Grunberger, Joe Holt and Neal Tucker, with an office and record store in Oakland, California. Acquired by Epic ...
through
Earache Records Earache Records is a British independent record label, music publisher and management company founded by Digby Pearson in 1985, based in Nottingham, England, with offices in London and New York. The label helped to pioneer extreme metal by r ...
(1988–2001) *{{allMusic * {{discogs artist * {{usurped,
Godflesh photography
} by Ted Parsons {{Godflesh {{Authority control 1988 establishments in England 2002 disestablishments in England 2010 establishments in England Avant-garde metal musical groups British industrial metal musical groups Earache Records artists English experimental musical groups English heavy metal musical groups Extreme metal musical groups Musical groups established in 1988 Musical groups disestablished in 2002 Musical groups reestablished in 2010 Post-metal musical groups Rock music groups from Birmingham, West Midlands