Battles Of The War Of 1812

Timeline of the War of 1812 is a chronology of the War of 1812, including a list of battles.

Origins

War

Theaters

The War of 1812 was fought in four major theaters:
# the Atlantic Coast (including the Chesapeake campaign);
# the Gulf Coast;
# the Mississippi River; and
# the Canada–US border. Actions along the Canada–US border occurred in three sectors (from west to east):
::* the Great Lakes region (the U.S. side of which is also known as the Old Northwest, and the Canadian side as Upper Canada);
::* the Niagara Frontier; and
::* the St. Lawrence River (the U.S. side of which is known as New England, and the Canadian side as Lower Canada and Upper Canada).

There were also numerous naval battles at sea, almost all of them in the Atlantic.

In between, numerous events occurred in the areas of diplomacy, and the home fronts (internal politics) of all parties involved. For the United Kingdom in particular, the dynamics of the French invasion of Russia (June–December 1812) and the War of the Sixth Coalition against Napoleon (March 1813 – May 1814) in Europe significantly impacted the resources they had available for the War of 1812 with the United States, and their willingness to conduct peace negotiations (which would eventually be held in Ghent, August–December 1814, on territory the Sixth Coalition had just occupied from the First French Empire). For the United States, the Creek War was an important side conflict to increase their control in the South at the expense of Native American factions allied with and supplied by the British, while the Hartford Convention of the Federalist Party (December 1814 – January 1815) played a significant role in voicing strong opposition to the U.S. government's war policy.

1812

1813

1813 Atlantic Coast battles

* Chesapeake campaign (March–September, 1813): British admiral John Borlase Warren tried to blockade Chesapeake Bay, gather intelligence on U.S. strength, destroy the ''USS Constitution'', capture U.S. vessels and supplies. Vice admiral Alexander Cochrane destroyed much on-shore civilian private property. The result was status quo ante bellum.
* Battle of the Rappahannock River, Virginia (April 3, 1813): A British foray up the Rappahannock River, capturing or destroying 14 U.S. ships.
* Raid at Frenchtown, Maryland (April 29, 1813): A British raid on a small U.S. settlement.
* Raid on Havre de Grace and Principio Foundry, Maryland (May 3, 1813): A British raid conducted by a flotilla of boats under George Cockburn, resisted by Maryland militia. Brits burned and looted homes, burned a warehouse and appropriated or killed livestock. At the Principio Foundry they destroyed weapons and an arms factory.
* Raid at Georgetown and Fredericktown, Maryland (May 6, 1813): A British raid by HMS ''Mohawk'' on two U.S. villages on the Sassafras River, destroying uninhabited homes, four schooners and stores of sugar, lumber and leather.
* Assault on Craney Island, Virginia (June 22, 1813): An important U.S. victory, in which a British landing party failed to overcome a much smaller U.S. force defending the port city of Norfolk.
* Capture and occupation of Hampton, Virginia (June 25–26, 1813): British occupation and sacking of Hampton, Virginia. The British reportedly took guns, ammunition, wagons, horses, livestock and other foodstuffs, while French troops were reported to have participated in looting, vandalism, raping and killing. British casualties were 5 killed/33 wounded/10 missing.
* Raid at Ocracoke Inlet, North Carolina (July 11–16, 1813): A successful British naval operation in the Ocracoke Inlet, capturing a number of U.S. vessels and confiscating stores and livestock from the villages of Ocracoke and Portsmouth.
* Battle of St. Michaels, Saint Michaels, Maryland (August 10, 1813): U.S. victory.
* Second Battle of St. Michaels, Saint Michaels, Maryland (August 26, 1813): inconclusive.

1813 Great Lakes region battles

* First Battle of Frenchtown, Michigan Territory (January 18, 1813): A skirmish in which a U.S. American detachment from Harrison's winter camp drove a British force (consisting of Canadian militia and Potawatomi and Wyandot warriors) out of Frenchtown.
* Second Battle of Frenchtown, Michigan Territory (January 22, 1813): A British victory achieved when a force of regulars, militia and native warriors surprised the Americans in a pre-dawn attack, and after several hours of heavy fighting, accepted the surrender of the entire American command. 410 U.S. troops were killed, the largest loss of life for the U.S. military in the entire war. Harrison ended his winter campaign to recapture Detroit.
* Siege of Fort Meigs, Ohio (May 1–9, 1813): A British force consisting of regulars, militia and over 1,000 warriors led by Tecumseh failed to capture the U.S. fort recently constructed fort at the rapids on the Maumee River.
* Siege of Fort Meigs, Ohio (July 21–28, 1813): A second unsuccessful attempt by the British to capture the fort, this time involving over 3,000 three thousand warriors from the Fox, Menominee, Ojibwa, Ottawa, Sac, Sioux and Winnebago Nations led by Tecumseh.
* Ball's Battle, Ohio (July 30, 1813): A battle near Fort Seneca between a pro-British Native force and a U.S. force (including Pennsylvania volunteers under James V. Ball) en route to Fort Stephenson.
* Battle of Fort Stephenson, Ohio (August 2, 1813): British fail to capture Fort Stephenson on the Sandusky River near present-day Fremont, Ohio.
* Battle of Lake Erie, Ohio (September 10, 1813): The pivotal naval battle, in which a squadron under Oliver Hazard Perry defeated the British squadron under Robert Heriot Barclay, giving the United States complete control of Lake Erie. With their supply line cut, the British in southwestern Lower Canada were forced to abandon Detroit and Fort Amherstburg and retreat eastward toward the Niagara Peninsula.
* Battle of the Thames, Upper Canada (October 5, 1813): A U.S. victory at Moraviantown, on the Thames River (near Chatham, Ontario), over the British army retreating from Detroit and Fort Amherstburg. Tecumseh and Roundhead were killed in battle.
* Skirmish at McCrae's House, Upper Canada (December 15, 1813): A British victory over a small contingent of American troops deployed on the Thames River 25 miles southwest of Moraviantown. The only time Canadian Militia defeated a regular American force.

1813 Niagara Frontier battles

* Battle of York, Upper Canada (April 28, 1813): An American amphibious assault from Sackets Harbor captured Fort York and the town of York (present-day Toronto). The entire American force withdrew by May 8, after vandalizing and looting much of the town and burning the provincial legislature's buildings. The burning of the Capitol Building during the British raid on Washington was retribution for the American actions in York.
* Battle of Fort George, Upper Canada (May 27, 1813): British Fort George on Lake Ontario was captured during a U.S. amphibious attack across the Niagara river.
* Battle of Stoney Creek, Upper Canada (June 6, 1813): A British night attack on American troops encamped along Stoney Creek west of Lake Ontario, forcing U.S. troops at Fort George to abandon further advances into Upper Canada.
* Second raid at Charlotte, New York, at the mouth of the Genesee River (June 15, 1813): A British raid from James Yeo's Squadron that captured 500 barrels of flour and 1,200 bushels of corn.
* Raid on Sodus, New York (June 19–20, 1813): British victory.
* Battle of Beaver Dams, Upper Canada (June 24, 1813): A successful ambush by pro-British warriors of the Six and Seven Nations of an American detachment from Fort George en route to Beaver Dams.
* Blockade of Fort George, Upper Canada (July 1 – October 9, 1813): A British attempt to reoccupy Fort George following their victories at Stoney Creek (June 6, 1813) and Beaver Dams (June 24, 1813). There were frequent skirmishes (Ball Property) and raids (Black Rock) during this period. The blockade was lifted in order to redeploy troops in response to developments elsewhere along the Canada–US border, especially Wilkinson's Campaign on the St. Lawrence, which began in October, and the British defeat at Moraviantown in Upper Canada, which occurred on October 5.
* Raid at Fort Schlosser, New York (July 5, 1813): A successful British raid across the Niagara River on Fort Schlosser, seizing valuable U.S. military assets.
* Skirmishes at the Ball Property, Upper Canada (July 8 – September 6, 1813): A series of skirmishes that occurred just west of Niagara, Upper Canada, between the American and British lines during the blockade of Fort George (July 1 – October 9, 1813).
* Raid at Black Rock, New York (July 11, 1813): A British raid on Black Rock, New York during the blockade of Fort George. After initial success, the British suffered heavy casualties during their withdrawal.
* Raid at York, Upper Canada (July 31 – August 1, 1813): A brief amphibious American incursion in which the Americans freed some prisoners, confiscated military baggage and supplies and a number of bateaux. Before leaving the Americans burned buildings on Gibraltar Point in retribution for the British raid on Sodus, New York, on June 19.
* Loss of the two American schooners Hamilton (1809) and Scourge (1812) (August 8, 1813): A violent storm destroyed the schooners ''Hamilton'' and ''Scourge''.
* Battle of Nanticoke Creek, Upper Canada (November 13, 1813): An expedition of Norfolk and Oxford Militia to capture American loyalist marauders who had been active in the area.
* Burning of Niagara, Upper Canada (December 10–11, 1813): The unprovoked burning of Niagara by a small force of American troops under George McClure, who felt his position at Fort George untenable, and ordered that Niagara be destroyed as he evacuated his command to Fort Niagara.
* Capture of Fort Niagara, New York (December 18–19, 1813): An unexpected night attack by British infantry on the under-strength American garrison at Fort Niagara at the mouth of the Niagara River, which resulted in the relatively easy capture of the fort. Fort Niagara remained under British control for the rest of the war.
* Battle of Lewiston, Lewiston, New York, December 19–21, 1813: British-Native victory.
* Raid at Black Rock and Buffalo, New York (December 30, 1813): A British raid launched following the capture of Fort Niagara to retaliate for the U.S. burning of the town of Niagara, and to mop up all American forces on the Niagara Frontier. The raid achieved complete British control of the Niagara River region.

1813 St. Lawrence River battles

* Raid on Brockville (February 7, 1813): U.S. troops from Ogdensburg, New York raided Brockville after a British party from Brockville crossed the St. Lawrence River to apprehend deserters on New York soil.
* Second attack on Ogdensburg, New York (February 22, 1813): A successful British attack culminating in the capture of Ogdensburg, a U.S. town controlling naval movement and logistics on the St. Lawrence River.
* Second Battle of Sacket's Harbor, New York (May 29, 1813): An unsuccessful British naval and amphibious attack on Sackets Harbor, intended as a diversion while the Americans were bombarding Fort George.
* Capture of the Eagle (1812) and Growler (1812) (June 3, 1813): The British captured two U.S. sloops, ''Eagle (1812)'' and ''Growler (1812)'', in the Richelieu River. The British renamed them ''Shannon (1813)'' and ''Broke'' and impressed them to service on Lake Champlain.
* British raid at Sodus, New York (June 19, 1813): A raid from James Yeo's squadron off Sodus Bay, confiscating U.S. supplies.
* Skirmish at Cranberry Creek, New York (July 1 9, 1813): The ambush of a British force advancing up Cranberry Creek to engage an American force.
* Murray's Raid, New York and Vermont (July 29 – August 4, 1813): A successful British raid on American posts and towns (including Champlain and Plattsburgh) located along the Richelieu River and Lake Champlain. The largely unopposed raid resulted in the British capture of eight vessels and supplies, the destruction of a great deal of public property, and asserting British control of Lake Champlain.
* Capture of the American schooners Julia (1812) and Growler (1812) (August 10, 1813): During a Lake Ontario battle, James Yeo's and Isaac Chauncey's squadrons captured U.S. schooners '' Julia (1812)'' and '' Growler (1812)''. Yeo renamed them ''Confiance (1813)'' and ''Hamilton (1813)''.
* First Skirmish at Odelltown, Lower Canada (September 20, 1813): A minor skirmish, following which Wade Hampton abandoned his plan to invade Lower Canada, retreating to Four Corners on the Upper Chateaguay River in New York.John Brannan, ''Official letters of the military and naval officers of the United States, during the war with Great Britain in the years 1812, 13, 14, & 15'', Washington City: Way & Gideon, 1823, pp. 275,
* Wilkinson's campaign on the St. Lawrence River (October–November, 1813)': Part of an attack on Montreal by an American force from Sackets Harbor under James Wilkinson, down the St. Lawrence River, combined with an attack northward along the Richelieu River from Lake Champlain, by troops under Wade Hampton. Hampton cancelled the advance after the battle of Chateauguay and the defeat of Wilkinson's army at the Battle of Crysler's Farm.
* Raid at Missisquoi Bay, Lower Canada (October 12, 1813): A raid ordered by Wade Hampton on Philipsburg. The goal of the raid was to reduce smuggling between Vermont and Lower Canada, and to divert British attention from the Richelieu River.
* Battle on the Chateauguay, Lower Canada (October 26, 1813): An unsuccessful American attack on Canadien militia and First Nations warriors defending the lower Chateauguay River.
* Skirmish at French Creek, New York (November 1–2, 1813): An inconclusive attempt by the British to disrupt and harass the advance guard of Wilkinson's army as it advanced from Sackets Harbor down the St. Lawrence River toward Montreal.
* Battle of Point Iroquois (November 8, 1813): The first battle in Wilkinson's St. Lawrence campaign when General Macomb's brigade came ashore in Canada and skirmished with the Dundas Militia at Point Iroquois.
* Skirmish at Doran's Farm (November 8–9, 1813): A small skirmish between advancing American Dragoons and Dundas and Glengarry Militia.
* Battle of Hoople's Creek (November 10, 1813): A successful action by the British, which delayed the advance of Wilkinson's army on Cornwall, Upper Canada, a landing and storage point for British supplies.
* Battle of Crysler's Farm (November 11, 1813): The British victory over the rear guard of Wilkinson's Division near Cornwall.
* Occupation of Cornwall (November 11–13, 1813): Following their defeat at Crysler's Farm, the American army advanced and occupied Cornwall, but with no help from Hampton Wilkinson decided to abandon his St. Lawrence campaign and retreat to New York.

1813 naval battles

* Viper (1806) versus HMS Narcissus (1801) (January 17, 1813): British captured American brig ''Viper''.
* Hornet versus HMS Peacock (1806) (February 24, 1813): Off the Demerara River, Guyana, U.S. sloop ''Hornet'' spotted British sloop ''Espiegle'' and sloop ''Peacock (1806)''. The ''Peacock'' opened fire, and was so badly damaged that it sank shortly after surrendering.
* Chesapeake (1799) versus HMS Shannon (1806) (June 1, 1813): This battle, off the New England coast between Cape Cod and Cape Ann, is noted as the war's only action between frigates of equal strength. The ships exchange broadsides at close range after which Philip Broke led a British boarding party onto the American ship, which surrendered.
* Attack on HMS Junon (1810) (June 20, 1813): A flotilla of American gunboats in the Elizabeth River below Norfolk, Virginia attacked the anchored British frigate ''Junon'', which managed to escape after 1.5 hours of engaging the Americans.
* Delaware flotilla versus HMS Martin (1809) (July 29, 1813): An attack by the Delaware flotilla, consisting of eight gunboats and two blockships, on the British sloop ''Martin'', which ran aground on a shoal near Cape May. After 2 hours, the Americans lost a gunboat and withdrew, while the ''Martin'' sustained only minor damage and was subsequently refloated.
* Argus (1803) versus HMS Pelican (1812) (August 14, 1813): British brig ''Pelican'' damaged American sloop ''Argus'' (which had been attacking shipping) in St. George's Channel between Wales and Ireland so much that it was forced to surrender.
* Enterprise (1799) versus HMS Boxer (1812) (September 5, 1813): An hour-long engagement off the coast of Maine, during which the American brig ''Enterprise'' caused such heavy damage on the British sloop '' Boxer'' that it was forced to surrender, and towed to Portland. Both commanders were killed in battle.
* President (1800) versus HMS Highflyer (1813) (September 23, 1813): An action off the coast of New England during which the American frigate ''President'' captured the British schooner ''Highflyer''.
* Vixen (1813) versus HMS Belvidera (1809) (December 25, 1813): The capture of American schooner ''Vixen (1813)'' off Delaware after a two-hour pursuit by British frigate ''Belvidera''.

1813 Gulf Coast battles

* Battle of Burnt Corn Creek (July 27, 1813): An American ambush of a party of the Red Sticks faction of Creek Indians. The initially successful Americans were later dispersed.
* Fort Mims Massacre (August 30, 1813): The defeat of the American garrison at Fort Mims by a party of the Red Sticks faction of Creek Indians.
* Battle of Tallushatchee (November 3, 1813): A successful attack on the Creek village of Tallushatchee with a force of 1,000 dragoons under John Coffee.
* Battle of Talladega (November 9, 1813): An action led by Andrew Jackson that broke the siege of the friendly Creek Indian town of Talladega, which was being besieged by an enemy Creek force.
* Hillabee massacre 1 (November 11, 1813): An action in which Gen. White (under Major Gen. John Cocke's command) burned the Hillabee Indian villages of Little Oakfusky and Genalga.
* The Canoe Fight (November 12, 1813): A skirmish fought along the Alabama River, pitting Capt. Samuel Dale's 70 militia against a larger group of Red Sticks Creeks, fought entirely in canoes.
* Hillabee massacre 2 (November 18, 1813): An action conducted by troops under the command of Gen. White (under Maj. Gen. John Cocke's command) during which the town of Hillabee was burned.
* Battle of Autossee (November 29, 1813): An action conducted by Gen. Floyd, with 950 Georgia militia and 400 friendly Indians, attacked the Indian town of Autossee. About two hundred Indians were killed and the town of four hundred houses burned.
* Action at Nuyaka (December 17, 1813): An action conducted by troops under the command of Maj. Gen. David Adams in which the upper Creek village of Nuyaka was burned.
* Battle of Holy Ground – also known as the Battle of Econochaca – (December 23, 1813):An action in which Gen. Claiborne cleared the mostly evacuated Indian town of Econochaca.

1814

1814 Atlantic Coast battles

* Cochrane's Chesapeake Bay Campaign (April–September, 1814): British fleet campaign in the Chesapeake Bay area under Alexander Cochrane and George Cockburn, including the attacks on Washington and Baltimore. It involved aggressive measures against American settlements along the coast, as well as issuing a proclamation inviting slaves to join the British in fighting against the Americans.
* Raid on Pettipaug, Connecticut (April 7–8, 1814): A successful British small boat action up the Connecticut River by 136 British sailors and six ships under Richard Coote to burn the privateer fleet at Pettipaug (now Essex), burning 25 American vessels and capturing two, losing only two men. The raid devastated American privateering capabilities.
* Skirmish at Pongoteague Creek, Virginia (May 30, 1814): A successful British amphibious attack on an American battery that had been installed on a bluff at Pongoteague Creek and manned by Virginia militia.
* Skirmish off of Cedar Point, Maryland (June 1, 1814)': Indecisive encounter near the mouth of the Patuxent River between an American flotilla and British ships from George Cockburn's fleet.
* Skirmishes at St. Leonard's Creek, Maryland (June 8–26, 1814): A series of actions initiated by a flotilla of British ships from George Cockburn's fleet against a flotilla of American ships that had retreated into St. Leonard's Creek. While the American flotilla was bottled up in the creek, the British conducted raids along the Patuxent. The American ships fought their way out of the blockade on June 26.
* Maine campaign (July, 1814 – April, 1815): A British naval operation along the Maine coast. The British encountered little opposition, and at various times occupied Eastport, Machias, Castine and Bangor.
* Battle of Stonington (August 9–12, 1814): British vessels , , HMS ''Dispatch'', and under the command of Sir Thomas Hardy bombarded the borough of Stonington, Connecticut. Stonington residents returned fire for three days, resulting in many British casualties but no American casualties.
* Gordon's Raid on the Potomac River (August 17 – September 6, 1814): An expedition up the Potomac River by a squadron of British ships under Captain James Gordon, as a diversion from the Patuxent River expedition. Gordon's raid expelled U.S. forces at Fort Washington, Maryland, the occupation of Alexandria, Virginia, and much loot.
* Battle of Bladensburg, Maryland (August 24, 1814): The Americans' worst battle of the war during which a British force of fewer than 5,000 troops routed an American force of nearly 7,000, leaving Washington undefended.
* Burning of Washington, DC (August 24–25, 1814): The occupation of the U.S. capital by a British force of 4,000–5,000 troops from George Cockburn's fleet in Chesapeake Bay, usually interpreted as retaliation for the American burning and looting of York in 1813. The British burned the Capitol Building, the Library of Congress, the White House and buildings housing the Treasury and War Departments, but the only private building set afire was one from which the British had been fired upon.
* Battle of Caulk's Field, Kent County, Maryland (August 31, 1814): U.S. victory.
* Battle of Hampden, Hampden, Maine (September 3, 1814): British victory.
* Battle of Baltimore, Maryland (September 12–15, 1814): A combined sea and land assault on the important port city of Baltimore. The Americans repulsed both the bombardment of Fort McHenry and the land invasion.
* Battle of North Point, Maryland (September 12, 1814): An important battle that thwarted the British plan to follow up their victories at Bladensburg and Washington with the capture of Baltimore. British troops under Robert Ross met U.S. soldiers under John Stricker; although the latter were forced to retreat, they did so in good order and inflicted significant casualties on the British, killing Ross. His successor Arthur Brooke delayed the advance against Baltimore, buying U.S. forces time to prepare the city's defenses.
* Bombardment of Fort McHenry, Maryland (September 13–14, 1814): The failed British attempt during the attack on Baltimore to subdue Fort McHenry, which blocked access to Baltimore Harbor. When it became evident that Fort McHenry would not surrender, the major British land assault was called off, and the troops that had landed at North Point were withdrawn.
* Skirmish at Farnham Church, Farnham, Virginia, December 6, 1814: U.S. victory.

1814 Great Lakes region battles

* Skirmish at Longwoods, Upper Canada (March 4, 1814): An American victory that occurred when a mounted raiding party from Detroit was intercepted by a British force from an outpost at Delaware, Upper Canada, west of Lake Ontario.
* Sinclair's campaign on the Upper Lakes (July–August, 1814): A largely unsuccessful U.S. attempt by to seize control of the upper lakes following the British withdrawal around Detroit. The only American successes were to capture three British merchantmen, destroy an abandoned British fort on St. Joseph's Island and conduct a raid on the trading post on the St. Mary River. They failed to recapture Fort Michillimackinaw, and lost two schooners on the return trip.
* Raid at St. Marys River, Upper Canada (July 23–26, 1814): A raid by Arthur Sinclair's squadron on the St. Marys River, capturing a fur-trading post, destroying buildings and capturing British schooner ''Perseverance'' (badly damaged and then set afire).
* Assault on Mackinac Island (August 4, 1814): A failed U.S. attempt to recapture Mackinac Island during Sinclair's campaign on the Upper Lakes.
* Destruction of HMS Nancy (August 13, 1814): British schooner ''Nancy'' in the Nottawasaga River was destroyed by a U.S. landing party.
* Capture of the American schooners ''Tigress'' and ''Scorpion'' (September 3 and 6, 1814): A small detachment of Royal Newfoundland Fencibles and a few seamen captured U.S. schooners ''Tigress'' and ''Scorpion'' near Drummond Island.
* McArthur's Raid/ Battle of Malcolm's Mills (November 6, 1814): An American victory in the upper Thames Valley between Canadian militia and an American force of 750 mounted infantry under Duncan McArthur. McArthur's two-week raid into Canada destroyed the mills that the British forces in the Great Lakes region were dependent upon for flour and bread, and created a diversion allowing U.S. forces at Fort Erie to escape unharmed. The Americans reportedly killed, wounded or captured over 450 enemies, while losing only one killed and six wounded.

1814 Niagara Frontier battles

* Raid on Port Dover, Upper Canada (May 14–15, 1814): U.S. raid on settlements on Lake Erie's northern shore, burning mills and storehouses (as well as private dwellings) containing supplies used by British troops stationed in the Niagara Peninsula. The raid is claimed to have been in retribution for the British raid at Black Rock and Buffalo in December 1813.
* Brown's campaign on the Niagara River (July–October, 1814): The most competently planned and executed attempt by the Americans under Jacob Brown to invade Canada along the Niagara Frontier. Despite early victories at Fort Erie and Chippewa, it stalled at the well-fought draw at Lundy's Lane, and ended when the Americans retired to Fort Erie.
* Capture of Fort Erie, Upper Canada (July 3, 1814): First battle in Jacob Brown's campaign on the Niagara River. The British surrendered the fort without much of a fight.
* Battle of Chippawa, Upper Canada (July 5, 1814): A well-fought American victory against a numerically superior British force just south of Chippawa Creek.
* Burning of St. Davids, Upper Canada (July 18, 1814): A raid by New York militia encountering unexpectedly fierce resistance from residents of a village close to Queenston Heights, where Jacob Brown wanted to occupy a position following the Battle of Chippawa. Brown dismissed the U.S. commander who ordered the action.
* Battle of Lundy's Lane, Upper Canada (July 25, 1814): The bloodiest battle of the war taking place near Niagara Falls. A tactical draw, it was so costly U.S. forces they had to fall back to Fort Erie, ending Brown's invasion of Upper Canada.
* Battle of Conjocta Creek, New York (August 3, 1814): Following the Battle of Lundy's Lane, a British raid sought to destroy U.S. American supplies and batteries at Black Rock and Buffalo. They were defeated in a skirmish at Conjocta Creek.
* Siege of Fort Erie, Upper Canada (August 5 – September 21, 1814): Failed British attempt to recapture Fort Erie, involving nearly continuous skirmishing and a failed assault on August 15.
* Capture of the American schooners Ohio and Somers (August 12, 1814): Two U.S. schooners captured by the British during the Siege of Fort Erie.
* Destruction of the British brig ''Magnet'' (August 15, 1814): George Hawkesworth deliberately ran his ship, the British brig ''Magnet'', aground near the mouth of the Niagara River to prevent the Americans capturing it. To avoid court-martial, Hawkesworth defected to the Americans.
* Assault on Fort Erie, Upper Canada (August 15, 1814): Failed British attempt to recapture Fort Erie from the Americans. The British tried an initial bombardment followed by a diversionary attack by native warriors and a coordinated night attack from the south, west and north, against a larger-than-expected and well-led American force on the inside.
* Sortie from Fort Erie, Upper Canada (September 17, 1814): A sortie against British batteries still bombarding the fort after the failed British assault, a costly action for both sides. Shortly thereafter the British lifted the siege, retreating to Chippawa.
* Skirmish at Cook's Mills, Upper Canada (October 19, 1814): The final engagement of the war on the Niagara Peninsula, also known as the Skirmish at Lyons Creek. The Americans attempted to seize and destroy British provisions at Cook's Mills after the siege at Fort Erie, destroying 200 bushels of grain.

1814 St. Lawrence River battles

* Salmon River Raid (1814) (February 14–24, 1814): British raids on U.S. depots and supply centers following James Wilkinson's army's evacuation of French Mills in early February. The British captured lots of provisions and equipment from depots at French Mills, Malone, Fort Corners, Madrid and Hopkinton before returning to Canada.
* Second Battle of Lacolle, Lower Canada (March 30, 1814): A British victory ending the last U.S. attempt to invade Lower Canada along the Richelieu River.
* Assault on Oswego, New York (May 5–6, 1814): A successful British amphibious attack on U.S. transshipment point Oswego, New York for supplies, especially heavy ordnance and equipment. The British also captured lightly-defended Fort Ontario.
* Skirmish at Otter Creek, Vermont (May 14, 1814): U.S. victory by a naval squadron under Thomas MacDononough, supported by a battery at Fort Cassin, over a British naval force sailing from Isle-aux-Noix, Lower Canada, attempting to attack the shipyard at Vergennes, Vermont.
* Battle of Big Sandy Creek, New York (May 30, 1814): U.S. force ambushes 7 British ships (several loaded with troops) tricked into following an American boat up the river before launching an attack from the banks.
* Second Skirmish at Odelltown, Lower Canada (June 28, 1814): One of several indecisive skirmishes at the New York / Lower Canada border in spring–summer 1814.
* Prévost's Lake Champlain campaign (August 30 – September 12, 1814): Failed British invasion of the United States along the Richelieu River and Lake Champlain. The U.S. victory significantly impacted the peace negotiations at Ghent, allowing the Americans to insist upon exclusive rights to Lake Champlain and denying the British exclusive rights to the Great Lakes.
* Battle of Plattsburgh, New York (September 11, 1814: U.S. victory ending the British invasion of New York. George Downie's squadron and some of George Prevost's divisions were defeated on Lake Champlain, New York, by Thomas MacDonough's squadron and Alexander Macomb's land forces.

1814 Gulf Coast battles

* Battles of Emuckfaw and Enotachopo Creek (Jan 22, 1814)
* Battle of Calebee Creek – also called Battle for Camp Defiance – (Jan 27, 1814)
* Battle of Horseshoe Bend (1814) (Mar 27, 1814)
* Cochrane's Gulf Coast campaign (May, 1814 – February, 1815): British naval operation off the southern U.S. coast to fashion an alliance with the Creek Nation against the Americans, and support British attacks on Mobile and New Orleans.
* Attack on Fort Bowyer, Spanish West Florida (September 15, 1814): Failed British attempt to capture Fort Bowyer near the mouth of Mobile Bay.
* Capture of Pensacola, Spanish Florida (November 7, 1814): Successful U.S. operation under Andrew Jackson to remove the threat posed to Mobile by British troops based at Spanish-held Pensacola.
* Battle of Lake Borgne, Louisiana (December 14, 1814): A battle on Lake Borgne east of New Orleans, between a U.S. flotilla and British ships under Alexander Cochrane. The British eventually prevailed in a hard-fought battle, thereby enabling a landing close to New Orleans.
* Battle at the Villeré Plantation, Louisiana (December 23, 1814): Opening engagement of the Battle of New Orleans, precipitated by a U.S. surprise attack on the British advance force camped on Jacque Villeré's plantation on the Mississippi River's east bank.
* Reconnaissance in force by British at New Orleans, Louisiana (December 28, 1814): A British probe of U.S. commander Andrew Jackson's main defense line on the Rodriguez Canal about 4 miles below New Orleans.

1814 Mississippi battles

* Occupation of Prairie du Chien, Illinois Territory (June 2, 1814): A preemptive move by the Americans to occupy a fur-trading settlement at the Wisconsin and Mississippi rivers' confluence, preventing potential British invasions. The Americans constructed Fort Shelby afterwards.
* Siege of Prairie du Chien, Fort Shelby, Illinois Territory (July 17–20, 1814): The British captured Fort Shelby to secure the lucrative fur trade passing through Prairie du Chien.
* First skirmish at Rock Island Rapids, Missouri Territory (July 21, 1814): A pro-British band of Sauk warriors attacked 5 U.S. boats carrying supplies up the Mississippi River to Fort Shelby, forcing them to retreat. These engagements were the westernmost actions in the War of 1812.
* Second skirmish at Rock Island Rapids, Missouri Territory (September 5, 1814): Failed U.S. expedition sent up the Mississippi River to destroy villages and crops of the Sauk and Fox Nations at Saukenuk (modern northwestern Illinois). Over 1,000 native warriors attacked the expedition, forcing the Americans to retreat downstream.

1814 naval battles

* ''Constitution'' versus '' HMS Pictou (1813)'' (February 14, 1814): U.S. frigate ''Constitution'' captured and scuttled British schooner ''Pictou'' between Barbados and Surinam.
* Essex versus HMS Phoebe and HMS Cherub (March 28, 1814): British frigate '' Phoebe'' and sloop ''Cherub'' captured U.S. frigate ''Essex'' as it tried to escape from the neutral harbor of Valparaiso.
* '' Frolic (1813)'' versus '' HMS Orpheus (1809)'' and '' HMS Shelburne (1813)'' (April 20, 1814): British frigate ''Orpheus'' and sloop ''Shelburne'' captured U.S. sloop ''Frolic'' off the coast of Cuba after a six-hour pursuit. The British renamed the ''Frolic'' the ''Florida'' and impressed it into service.
* ''Peacock'' (1813) versus ''HMS Epervier'' (April 29, 1814) : A 45-minute battle off Cape Canaveral, Florida in which U.S. sloop ''Peacock'' captured British brig-sloop '' Epervier''.
* ''Rattlesnake'' (1813) versus '' HMS Leander (1813)'' (June 22, 1814): British 50-gun fourth-rate ''Leander'' captured U.S. brig ''Rattlesnake'' near Sable Island off Nova Scotia. The ''Rattlesnake'' jettisoned its guns in a vain attempt to outrun its pursuers.
* ''Wasp'' (1813) versus ''HMS Reindeer'' (June 28, 1814): A battle in the mouth of the English Channel resulting in the capture and destruction of British sloop ''Reindeer'' by U.S. sloop ''Wasp''.
* '' Siren'' versus '' HMS Medway (1812)'' (July 12, 1814)': British 74-gun third-rate ''Medway'' captured U.S. brig-sloop ''Siren'' off the coast of South Africa after an 11-hour pursuit.
* ''Wasp'' (1814) versus ''HMS Avon'' (September 1, 1814): A battle off the coast of England in which U.S. sloop ''Wasp'' defeated British sloop '' Avon''. The ''Avon'' sank before Americans could capture it, or other British warships could recover it.
* Defense of the cutter Eagle, Long Island, New York (October 10–13, 1814): British victory.

1815

See also

* Bibliography of the War of 1812
* Timeline of the American Revolution

Notes

References

Bibliography

*Mahon, John K. ''The War of 1812.'' Gainesville, FL: University of Florida Press, 1972. .
*Malcomson, Robert. ''Historical Dictionary of the War of 1812.'' Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, 2006. .

External links

Timeline 1Timeline 3Timeline 5

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