Events

January–March

January 8 Events Pre-1600 * 307 – Emperor Huai of Jin, Sima Chi becomes emperor of the Jin dynasty (266–420), Jin dynasty in succession to his brother, Emperor Hui of Jin, Sima Zhong, despite a challenge from his other brother, Sima Ying. * 871 ...

–

Carolean Death March The Carolean Death March (), also known as the Catastrophe on Øyfjellet () was the disastrous retreat by a force of Swedish soldiers (known as Caroleans), under the command of Carl Gustaf Armfeldt, across the Tydalen mountain range in Trønd ...

begins: A catastrophic retreat by a largely-Finnish

Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...

- Carolean army under the command of

Carl Gustaf Armfeldt Carl Gustaf Armfeldt (9 November 1666 – 24 October 1736) was a Swedish officer, general and friherre (baron) who took part in the Great Northern War. Early life Carl Gustaf Armfeldt was born in Swedish Ingria to lieutenant colonel Gustaf Armfel ...

across the

Tydalen Neadalen is a river valley in Trøndelag county, Norway. The long valley generally runs east to west through Tydal Municipality and Selbu Municipality. The valley begins at the large lake Nesjøen and it follows the Nea River to the west and it ...

mountains in a

blizzard A blizzard is a severe Winter storm, snowstorm characterized by strong sustained winds and low visibility, lasting for a prolonged period of time—typically at least three or four hours. A ground blizzard is a weather condition where snow th ...

kills around 3,700 men and cripples a further 600 for life. *

January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. * 1229 ...

– The

Principality of Liechtenstein Liechtenstein (, ; ; ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein ( ), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in the Central European Alps, between Austria in the east and north and Switzerland in the west and south. Liechtenst ...

is created, within the

Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. It developed in the Early Middle Ages, and lasted for a millennium ...

. *

February 3 Events Pre-1600 * 1047 – Drogo of Hauteville is elected as count of the Apulian Normans during the Norman conquest of Southern Italy. * 1112 – Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, and Douce I, Countess of Provence, marry, u ...

(January 23

Old Style Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) indicate dating systems before and after a calendar change, respectively. Usually, they refer to the change from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar as enacted in various European countries betwe ...

) – The

Riksdag of the Estates Riksdag of the Estates (; informally ) was the name used for the Estates of Sweden when they were assembled. Until its dissolution in 1866, the institution was the highest authority in Sweden next to the King. It was a Diet made up of the Fou ...

recognizes

Ulrika Eleonora Ulrika Eleonora or Ulrica Eleanor (23 January 1688 – 24 November 1741), also known as Ulrika Eleonora the Younger, was Queen of Sweden from 5 December 1718 until her abdication on 29 February 1720 in favour of Frederick, her husband. Upon his ...

's claim to the Swedish throne, after she has agreed to sign a new Swedish constitution. Thus, she is recognized as queen regnant of Sweden. *

February 20 Events Pre-1600 *1339 – The Milanese army and the St. George's (San Giorgio) Mercenaries of Lodrisio Visconti clash in the Battle of Parabiago; Visconti is defeated. *1472 – Orkney and Shetland are pawn (law), pawned by Norway to S ...

– The first Treaty of Stockholm is signed. *

February 28 Events Pre-1600 *202 BC – Emperor Gaozu of Han, Liu Bang is enthroned as the Emperor of China, beginning four centuries of rule by the Han dynasty. * 870 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople (Roman Catholic), Fourth Council of Co ...

–

Farrukhsiyar Farrukhsiyar (; 20 August 16839 April 1719), also spelled as Farrukh Siyar, was the tenth Mughal emperors, Mughal Emperor from 1713 to 1719. He rose to the throne after deposing his uncle Jahandar Shah. He was an emperor only in name, with all ...

, the

Mughal Emperor The emperors of the Mughal Empire, who were all members of the Timurid dynasty (House of Babur), ruled the empire from its inception on 21 April 1526 to its dissolution on 21 September 1857. They were supreme monarchs of the Mughal Empire in ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

since 1713, is deposed by the

Sayyid brothers The Sayyid brothers were Hassan Ali Khan Barha, Abdullah Khan II and Hussain Ali Khan Barha, Syed Hussain Ali Khan, two powerful Mughal Empire, Mughal nobles who were active during the decline of the Mughal Empire. They were Punjabi Muslims bel ...

, who install

Rafi ud-Darajat Mirza Rafi ud-Darajat (); 1 December 1699 – 6 June 1719) was briefly the Eleventh Mughal emperor. He was the youngest son of Rafi-ush-Shan, the nephew of Azim-ush-Shan and a grandson of Bahadur Shah I. He was placed on the throne by th ...

in his place. In prison, Farrukhsiyar is strangled by assassins on April 19. *

March 6 Events Pre-1600 * 12 BCE – The Roman emperor Augustus is named Pontifex Maximus, incorporating the position into that of the emperor. * 845 – The 42 Martyrs of Amorium are killed after refusing to convert to Islam. * 1204 &ndas ...

– A serious earthquake (estimated magnitude >7) in El Salvador results in large fractures, liquefaction zones, and a sulphuric gas leak. It destroys houses, churches and monasteries. *

March 17 Events Pre-1600 * 45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age of ...

– The coronation of

Queen of Sweden The monarchy of Sweden is centred on the monarchical head of state of Sweden,See the Instrument of Government, Chapter 1, Article 5. by law a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system.Parliamentary system: see the Ins ...

takes place in Stockholm.

April–June

April 4 Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 &nd ...

– The French army under

James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick (21 August 1670 – 12 June 1734) was a French Royal Army officer and nobleman who was the eldest illegitimate son of James II of England by Arabella Churchill (royal mistress), Arabella Churchill, the ...

invades the Basque provinces of Spain, with 20,000 troops crossing into Navarre. *

April 19 Events Pre-1600 *AD 65 – The freedman Milichus betrays Pisonian conspiracy, Piso's plot to kill the Roman emperor, Emperor Nero and all of the List of conspiracies (political), conspirators are arrested. * 531 – Battle of Callini ...

– In

Louisiana (New France) Louisiana or French Louisiana was a administrative divisions of France, district of New France. In 1682 the French explorer René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de la Salle erected a cross near the mouth of the Mississippi River and claimed the whole ...

Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville (; ; February 23, 1680 – March 7, 1767), also known as Sieur de Bienville, was a French-Canadian colonial administrator in New France. Born in Montreal, he was an early governor of Louisiana (New France) ...

's brother Serigny arrives on a French man-of-war, bringing news that war had been declared between France and Spain (since December

1718 Events January – March * January 7 – In India, Sufi rebel leader Shah Inayat Shaheed from Sindh who had led attacks against the Mughal Empire, is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discuss ...

). *

April 25 Events Pre-1600 * 404 BC – Admiral Lysander and King Pausanias of Sparta blockade Athens and bring the Peloponnesian War to a successful conclusion. * 775 – The Battle of Bagrevand puts an end to an Armenian rebellion against th ...

–

Daniel Defoe Daniel Defoe (; born Daniel Foe; 1660 – 24 April 1731) was an English writer, merchant and spy. He is most famous for his novel ''Robinson Crusoe'', published in 1719, which is claimed to be second only to the Bible in its number of translati ...

publishes ''

Robinson Crusoe ''Robinson Crusoe'' ( ) is an English adventure novel by Daniel Defoe, first published on 25 April 1719. Written with a combination of Epistolary novel, epistolary, Confessional writing, confessional, and Didacticism, didactic forms, the ...

''. *

April 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1336 – Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) ascends Mont Ventoux. * 1478 – The Pazzi family attack on Lorenzo de' Medici in order to displace the ruling Medici family kills his brother Giuliano during High Mass in Fl ...

– King

Philip V of Spain Philip V (; 19 December 1683 – 9 July 1746) was List of Spanish monarchs, King of Spain from 1 November 1700 to 14 January 1724 and again from 6 September 1724 to his death in 1746. His total reign (45 years and 16 days) is the longest in the ...

departs Madrid and leads 15,000 men of the Spanish Army into Navare to fight the French under Berwick. *

May 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1027 – Robert II of France Robert II ( 972 – 20 July 1031), called the Pious () or the Wise (), was List of French monarchs, King of the Franks from 996 to 1031, the second from the Capetian dynasty. Crowned Juni ...

– In

, Bienville, from Mobile, captures

Pensacola Pensacola ( ) is a city in the Florida panhandle in the United States. It is the county seat and only city in Escambia County. The population was 54,312 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Pensacola metropolitan area, which ha ...

, but Pensacola is later recaptured by the Spanish, and again re-taken by Bienville."Le Moyne de Bienville, Jean-Baptiste", University of Toronto, 2000, webpage
biog-ca-Bienville
*

May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. * 240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes ...

– An earthquake in Turkey damages İzmit and Istanbul, damaging some city walls and ruining mosques and palaces. *

June 4 Events Pre-1600 * 1411 – King Charles VI grants a monopoly for the ripening of Roquefort cheese to the people of Roquefort-sur-Soulzon as they had been doing for centuries. *1525 – 1525 Bayham Abbey riot; Villagers from Kent and ...

–

Battle of Ösel Island The Battle of Ösel Island took place on May 24(4 June), 1719 (O.S.), during the Great Northern War. It was fought near the island of Saaremaa (Ösel). It led to a victory for the Russian captain Naum Senyavin, whose forces captured three enem ...

: A Russian naval force defeats the Swedish fleet. *

June 18 Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Siege of Constantinople (860), Byzantine� ...

– Captain John Perry fixes Dagenham Breach. *

June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. * 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederic ...

–

Battle of Glen Shiel The Battle of Glen Shiel took place on 10 June 1719 in the Scottish Highlands, during the Jacobite rising of 1719. A Jacobitism, Jacobite army composed of Highland levies and Spanish Marine Infantry, Spanish marines was defeated by British gover ...

: British forces defeat the

Jacobites A Jacobite is a follower of someone named Jacob or James, from the Latin ''Jācōbus''. Jacobite or Jacobitism may refer to: Religion * Arminianism, the theology of Jacobus Arminius * Jacobites, followers of Saint Jacob Baradaeus (died 578). Ch ...

and their Spanish allies. *

June 20 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Battle of Chalons: Flavius Aetius battles Attila the Hun. After the battle, which was inconclusive, Attila retreats, causing the Romans to interpret it as a victory. * 1180 – First Battle of Uji, startin ...

–

Battle of Francavilla The Battle of Francavilla was fought on 20 June 1719 near the city of Francavilla di Sicilia in Sicily, Italy between Spain and Austria as part of the War of the Quadruple Alliance. Prelude After the destruction of the Spanish fleet in the Bat ...

: The Austrians are defeated by the Spanish. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus. * 1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Mil ...

– French forces under the

Duke of Berwick Duke of Berwick () ''()'' is a title that was created in the Peerage of England on 19 March 1687 for James FitzJames, the illegitimate son of James II and VII, King of England, Scotland, and Ireland and Arabella Churchill. The title's name ...

open the

Siege of San Sebastian A siege () . is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault. Siege warfare (also called siegecrafts or poliorcetics) is a form of constant, low-intensity conflict characte ...

July–September

July 11 Events Pre-1600 * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, abdicates in favor of his general Leo the Armenian, and becomes a monk (under the name Athanasius). * 911 – Signing of the Treaty of Saint-Clair ...

–

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...

fleet is first spotted from the Swedish coast, starting the Russian Pillage of 1719–21 as part of the

Great Northern War In the Great Northern War (1700–1721) a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern Europe, Northern, Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the ant ...

. *

July 16 Events Pre-1600 * 622 – The Hijrah of Muhammad begins, marking the beginning of the Islamic calendar. * 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouran ...

– The

Carlsten fortress Carlsten () is a stone fortress located at Marstrand, on the western coast of Sweden. The fortress was built on the orders of King Carl X of Sweden following the Treaty of Roskilde, 1658 to protect the newly acquired province of Bohuslän from ...

in Sweden surrenders to a Danish and Norwegian force after a siege of seven days. Colonel Henrich Danckwardt, who surrendered the fortress to

Peter Tordenskjold Vice-Admiral Peter Jansen Wessel Tordenskiold (28 October 1690 – 12 November 1720) was a Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy officer. Born in Trondheim, he travelled to Copenhagen in 1704 and eventually join the Dano-Norwegian navy, rising to the rank ...

after being away from it while it was still defensible, is beheaded on September 16. *

August 13 Events Pre-1600 * 29 BC – Octavian holds the first of three consecutive triumphs in Rome to celebrate the victory over the Dalmatian tribes. * 523 – John I becomes the new Pope after the death of Pope Hormisdas. * 554 &ndash ...

– In the

Battle of Stäket The Battle of Stäket was a minor battle during the Great Northern War. A probing Russian force, circumventing Vaxholm Castle, attempted to pass through Baggensstäket, a very narrow passage in the Stockholm archipelago. After a counterattack ...

, Crown Prince

Frederick I of Sweden Frederick I (; 28 April 1676 – 5 April 1751) was List of Swedish monarchs, King of Sweden from 1720 until his death, having been prince consort of Sweden from 1718 to 1720, and was also Landgrave of Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, Hesse-Kassel fr ...

leads the successful defense of

Stockholm Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately ...

from Russian Admiral

Fyodor Apraksin Count Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin (also ''Apraxin''; ; , Moscow) was one of the first Russian admirals, governed Estonia and Karelia from 1712 to 1723, was made general admiral (1708), presided over the Russian Admiralty from 1717 to 1728''GR ...

Baltic Fleet The Baltic Fleet () is the Naval fleet, fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea. Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet w ...

during the Russian Pillage. *

August 19 Events Pre-1600 * 295 BC – The first temple to Venus, the Roman goddess of love, beauty and fertility, is dedicated by Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges during the Third Samnite War. *43 BC – Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, later kno ...

–

. The Spanish garrison surrenders to the Duke of Berwick. *

August 20 Events Pre-1600 *AD 14 – Agrippa Postumus, maternal grandson of the late Roman emperor Augustus, is mysteriously executed by his guards while in exile. * 636 – Battle of Yarmouk: Arabs, Arab forces led by Khalid ibn al-Walid take c ...

– Princess

Maria Josepha of Austria Maria Josepha of Austria (Maria Josepha Benedikta Antonia Theresia Xaveria Philippine, , ; 8 December 1699 – 17 November 1757) was the List of Polish consorts, Queen of Poland, Grand Duchess of Lithuania and List of Saxon royal consorts, Elec ...

, at one time the heir presumptive to the throne of Austria's

Habsburg Empire The Habsburg monarchy, also known as Habsburg Empire, or Habsburg Realm (), was the collection of empires, kingdoms, duchies, counties and other polities (composite monarchy) that were ruled by the House of Habsburg. From the 18th century it is ...

, marries Frederick Augustus,

Elector of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony ( or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806 initially centred on Wittenberg that came to include areas around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. It was a ...

ten days after renouncing any claim to the Austrian throne. *

September 3 Events Pre-1600 *36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 – San Marino, one of the ...

– The three-story tall ''

Opernhaus am Zwinger The (Opera house at the Zwinger (Dresden), Zwinger) was a theatre in Dresden, Saxony, Germany, opened in 1719. The architect of the Zwinger, Matthäus Daniel Pöppelmann, was also responsible for the opera house situated next to its south-weste ...

'', one of the largest opera houses in the world at the time, opens in

Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...

by staging

Antonio Lotti Antonio Lotti (5 January 1667 – 5 January 1740) was an Italian composer of the Baroque era. Biography Lotti was born in Venice, although his father Matteo was ''Kapellmeister'' at Hanover at the time. Oral tradition says that in 1682, Lotti be ...

's ''Giovi in Argo''. *

September 29 Events Pre-1600 * 61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday. * 1011 – Danes capture Canterbury after a siege, taking Ælfheah ...

–

Muhammad Shah Mirza Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad Shah (born Roshan Akhtar; 7 August 1702 – 26 April 1748) was the thirteenth Mughal emperor from 1719 to 1748. He was son of Khujista Akhtar, the fourth son of Bahadur Shah I. After being chosen by the Sayyid ...

is crowned as the 12th

of India at

Shahjahanabad Shahjahanabad colloquially known as Old Delhi( Hindustani: ''Purāni Dillī'') is an area in the Central Delhi district of Delhi, India. It was founded as a walled city and officially named Shahjahanabad in 1648, when Shah Jahan decided to shi ...

(now

Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, but spread chiefly to the west, or beyond its Bank (geography ...

), 12 days after the death of

Shah Jahan II Shah Jahan II (; June 1696 – 17 September 1719), born Mirza Rafi-ud-Daulah, was briefly the twelfth Mughal emperor in 1719. After being chosen by the Sayyid brothers, he succeeded figurehead emperor Rafi-ud-Darajat on 6 June 1719. Shah Ja ...

from tuberculosis.

October–December

October 11 Events Pre-1600 *1138 – A massive earthquake strikes Aleppo; it is one of the most destructive earthquakes ever. * 1142 – A peace treaty ends the Jin–Song wars. *1311 – The peerage and clergy restrict the authority of En ...

–

Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda Fernando Manuel de Bustillo Bustamante y Rueda (died 1719) served as the 37th Governor-General of the Captaincy General of the Philippines from 1717 until his assassination. Governor-General of the Philippines Usually called ''mariscal'' (marsh ...

, the Spanish

Governor-General of the Philippines The governor-general of the Philippines (; ; ) was the title of the Executive (government), government executive during the colonial period of the Philippines, first by History of the Philippines (1521–1898), the Spanish in Mexico City and l ...

, is assassinated in a bloody coup d'etat by supporters of the

Archbishop of Manila The Archdiocese of Manila (; ; ) is the archdiocese of the Latin Church, Latin Rite of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, Catholic Church in Metro Manila, Catholic Church in the Philippines, Philippines, encompassing the cities of Manila, ...

, whom Bustamante had imprisoned. *

October 14 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. *1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's in ...

– The British Army, under the command of Major General

George Wade Field Marshal George Wade (1673 – 14 March 1748) was a British Army officer and politician who served in the Nine Years' War, War of the Spanish Succession, Jacobite rising of 1715 and War of the Quadruple Alliance. He went on to be a milit ...

, invades and captures the forts of

Vigo Vigo (, ; ) is a city and Municipalities in Spain, municipality in the province of province of Pontevedra, Pontevedra, within the Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Galicia (Spain), Galicia, Spain. Located in the northwest ...

on the Atlantic coast of Spain. *

October 21 Events Pre-1600 *1096 – A Seljuk Turkish army successfully fights off the People's Crusade at the Battle of Civetot. * 1097 – First Crusade: Crusaders led by Godfrey of Bouillon, Bohemund of Taranto, and Raymond IV, Count of Toul ...

– The

Red Canal Red Canal () was an eighteenth-century waterway in Saint Petersburg. Built between 1711 and 1719, it was part of a series of canals dug to improve the drainage of the marshy areas of the city. The canal was one of two connecting the Moyka River an ...

is opened in the Russian capital,

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg, formerly known as Petrograd and later Leningrad, is the List of cities and towns in Russia by population, second-largest city in Russia after Moscow. It is situated on the Neva, River Neva, at the head of the Gulf of Finland ...

, after seven years of construction, at a ceremony in the presence of the Tsar

Peter the Great Peter I (, ; – ), better known as Peter the Great, was the Sovereign, Tsar and Grand Prince of all Russia, Tsar of all Russia from 1682 and the first Emperor of Russia, Emperor of all Russia from 1721 until his death in 1725. He reigned j ...

. *

October 28 Events Pre-1600 * 97 – Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor. * 306 – Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor. * 312 – Constantine I defeat ...

–

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic countries, Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. It borders Norway to the west and north, and Finland to the east. At , Sweden is the largest Nordic count ...

and Denmark-Norway sign an armistice, halting combat in the

between them, with final terms agreed to in the

Treaty of Frederiksborg The Treaty of Frederiksborg () was a treaty signed at Frederiksborg Castle, Zealand, on 3 July 1720Heitz (1995), p.244 (14 July 1720 according to the Gregorian calendar), ending the Great Northern War between Denmark–Norway and Sweden. History ...

on July 3, 1720. *

November 9 Events Pre-1600 * 694 – At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. * 1180 – The Battle of Fujigawa: Minamoto forces (30,000 ...

– In a treaty between Sweden and Hanover at the close of the

, Sweden cedes the

Duchies of Bremen and Verden Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (; ), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of th ...

(in northern Germany) to Hanover. *

December 22 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69 – Vespasian is proclaimed Emperor of Rome; his predecessor, Vitellius, attempts to abdicate but is captured and killed at the Gemonian stairs. * 401 – Pope Innocent I is elected, the only pope to succeed h ...

–

Andrew Bradford Andrew Bradford (1686 – November 24, 1742) was an Early American publishers and printers, early American printer in colonial Philadelphia. He published the first newspaper in Philadelphia, ''The American Weekly Mercury'', beginning in 1719, as w ...

publishes the ''American Weekly Mercury'', Pennsylvania's first newspaper.

Date unknown

Prussia Prussia (; ; Old Prussian: ''Prūsija'') was a Germans, German state centred on the North European Plain that originated from the 1525 secularization of the Prussia (region), Prussian part of the State of the Teutonic Order. For centuries, ...

conducts Europe's first systematic census. * Miners in

Falun Falun () is a city and the seat of Falun Municipality in Dalarna County, Sweden, with 37,291 inhabitants in 2010. It is also the capital of Dalarna County. Falun forms, together with Borlänge, a metropolitan area with just over 100,000 inhabit ...

find the apparently petrified body of Fet-Mats Israelsson (d.

1677 Events January–March * January 1 – Jean Racine's tragedy '' Phèdre'' is first performed, in Paris. * January 21 – The first medical publication in America (a pamphlet on smallpox) is produced in Boston. * February 15 ...

), in an unused part of the copper mine. *

Raine's Foundation School Raine's Foundation School was a Church of England voluntary aided school based on two sites in Bethnal Green in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, England. It was situated in the north of Bethnal Green, just to the east of ''Cambridge Heath ...

Bethnal Green Bethnal Green is an area in London, England, and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is in east London and part of the East End of London, East End. The area emerged from the small settlement which developed around the common la ...

(founded by Henry Raine), opens in

Wapping Wapping () is an area in the borough of Tower Hamlets in London, England. It is in East London and part of the East End. Wapping is on the north bank of the River Thames between Tower Bridge to the west, and Shadwell to the east. This posit ...

, England. *

James Figg James Figg (before 1700 – 8 December 1734; also spelt James Fig) was an English prizefighter and instructor in historical European martial arts. While Figg primarily fought with weapons including short swords, quarterstaffs, and cudgels, he ...

opens one of the first indoor venues for combat sports, adjoining the City of Oxford tavern in Oxford Road, London.

Births

Jacques_Alexandre_Laffon_de_Lad%C3%A9bat

R%C3%A9attu31_Barr%C3%AAme_de_Ch%C3%A2teaufort

January

January 1 January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in the Gregorian Calendar; 364 days remain until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. __TOC__ Events ...

– Pierre-François Hugues d'Hancarville, art historian and historian of ideas (d.

1805 After thirteen years the First French Empire abolished the French Republican Calendar in favour of the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 11 – The Michigan Territory is created. * February 7 – King Anouvong become ...

) *

January 2 Events Pre-1600 * 69 – The Roman legions in Germania Superior refuse to swear loyalty to Galba. They rebel and proclaim Vitellius as emperor. * 366 – The Alemanni cross the frozen Rhine in large numbers, invading the Roman Emp ...

Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat (2 January 1719 – 18 November 1797) was a prominent shipbuilder and merchant of the port of Bordeaux in the late 18th century. His son, André-Daniel Laffon de Ladebat (November 30, 1746 – October 14, 1829), ...

, French shipbuilder and merchant (d.

1797 Events January–March * January 3 – The Treaty of Tripoli, a peace treaty between the United States and Ottoman Tripolitania, is signed at Algiers (''see also'' 1796). * January 7 – The parliament of the Cisalpine Repu ...

) ** Friedrich Christoph von Saldern, German general (d.

1785 Events January–March * January 1 ** The Burmese Konbaung Dynasty annexes the Mrauk U Kingdom of Arakan. ** The first issue of the '' Daily Universal Register'', later known as ''The Times'', is published in London. * January 7 &nd ...

) *

January 3 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – The Roman legions on the Rhine refuse to declare their allegiance to Galba, instead proclaiming their legate, Aulus Vitellius, as emperor. * 250 – Emperor Decius orders everyone in the Roman Empire (ex ...

Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal Friedrich Karl Joseph Reichsfreiherr von Erthal (3 January 1719 – 25 July 1802) was prince-elector and Archbishopric of Mainz, archbishop of Mainz from 18 July 1774 to 4 July 1802, shortly before the end of the archbishopric in the ''Reichsdepu ...

, Catholic archbishop (d.

1802 Events January–March * January 5 – Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, British ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, begins removal of the Elgin Marbles from the Parthenon in Athens, claiming they are at risk of destruction during the Ott ...

) ** Basil Feilding, 6th Earl of Denbigh, Earl in the Peerage of England (d.

1800 As of March 1 ( O.S. February 18), when the Julian calendar acknowledged a leap day and the Gregorian calendar did not, the Julian calendar fell one day further behind, bringing the difference to 12 days until February 28 ( O.S. February 16), ...

) ** Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian and philologist (d.

1773 Events January–March * January 1 – The hymn that becomes known as '' Amazing Grace'', at this time titled "1 Chronicles 17:16–17", is first used to accompany a sermon led by curate John Newton in the town of Olney, Buck ...

) *

January 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will ...

** Ivan Ivanovich Belsky, Russian painter (d.

1799 Events January–March * January 9 – British Prime Minister William Pitt the Younger introduces an income tax of two shillings to the pound, to raise funds for Great Britain's war effort in the French Revolutionary Wars. * January ...

) **

Guillaume de Barrême de Châteaufort Guillaume may refer to: People * Guillaume (given name), the French equivalent of William * Guillaume (surname), the French equivalent of Williams Places * Guillaume (crater), Moon, Earth-Moon System, Solar System * Guillaumes, Vence, Nice, Alpes ...

, French painter (d.

1775 Events Summary The American Revolutionary War began this year, with the first military engagement on April 19 Battles of Lexington and Concord on the day after Paul Revere's ride. The Second Continental Congress took various steps tow ...

) ** William Hammond, British hymnist (d.

1783 Events January–March * January 20 – At Versailles, Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain signs preliminary peace treaties with the Kingdom of France and the Kingdom of Spain. * January 23 – The Confederation Congress ...

) **

Ignazio Marabitti Ignazio Marabitti (6 September 1719La Sicilia nel secolo XVIII e la poesia satiricoburlesca By Giuseppe Leanti, page 163. in Palermo – 1797 in Palermo) was a Sicilian sculptor of the late Baroque period. He trained in Rome in the studio of Fil ...

, Italian artist (d.

) *

January 10 Events Pre-1600 *49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and th ...

– Maria Dorothea Wagner, German painter (d.

1792 Events January–March * January 9 – The Treaty of Jassy ends the Russian Empire's war with the Ottoman Empire over Crimea. * January 25 – The London Corresponding Society is founded. * February 18 – Thomas Holcrof ...

) *

January 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1236 – King Henry III of England marries Eleanor of Provence. * 1301 – Andrew III of Hungary dies, ending the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. 1601–1900 * 1761 – The Third Battle of Panipat is fought in I ...

– Daniel Nettelbladt, German jurist and philosopher (d.

1791 Events January–March * January 1 – Austrian composer Joseph Haydn arrives in England, to perform a series of concerts. * January 2 – Northwest Indian War: Big Bottom Massacre – The war begins in the Ohio Count ...

) *

January 15 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69, 69 – Otho seizes power in Rome, proclaiming himself Roman emperor, Emperor of Rome, beginning a reign of only three months. *1541 – King Francis I of France gives Jean-François Roberval a commission to set ...

–

William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam (15 January 1719/1720 – 10 August 1756) was a British peer, nobleman, and politician. Biography William Fitzwilliam was the son of John Fitzwilliam, 2nd Earl Fitzwilliam by his wife Anne, daughter of ...

, British peer (d.

1756 Events January–March * January 16 – The Anglo-Prussian alliance (1756)#Treaty, Treaty of Westminster is signed between Kingdom of Great Britain, Great Britain and Prussia, guaranteeing the neutrality of the Electorate of Hanover, c ...

) *

January 17 Events Pre-1600 * 38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 peopl ...

Maria van Antwerpen Maria van Antwerpen (1719 – 1781) was a Dutch soldier and seamstress who Wartime cross-dressers, disguised herself as a man to enlist in the Dutch States Army. She is considered by the Dutch historians Rudolf Dekker and L.J.M. van de Pol as a ...

, soldier (d.

1781 Events January–March * January – William Pitt the Younger, later Prime Minister of Great Britain, enters Parliament of Great Britain, Parliament, aged 21. * January 1 – Industrial Revolution: The Iron Bridge opens ...

) **

Samuel Enderby Samuel Enderby (17 January 171919 September 1797) was an English whale oil merchant, significant in the history of whaling in the United Kingdom. In the 18th century, he founded Samuel Enderby & Sons, a prominent shipping, whaling, and sealing co ...

, English

whale oil Whale oil is oil obtained from the blubber of whales. Oil from the bowhead whale was sometimes known as train-oil, which comes from the Dutch word ''traan'' ("tear drop"). Sperm oil, a special kind of oil used in the cavities of sperm whales, ...

merchant who sponsored Arctic exploration (d.

) **

Rajmundo Kunić Rajmund Kunić or Raimondo Cunich (January 17, 1719 – November 22, 1794) was a Latin language, Latin and Ancient Greek language, Greek Humanism, humanist from Dubrovnik, Republic of Ragusa (modern-day Croatia). Biography Cunich was bor ...

, Croatian writer (d.

1794 Events January–March * January 1 – The Stibo Group is founded by Niels Lund as a printing company in Aarhus (Denmark). * January 13 – The U.S. Congress enacts a law providing for, effective May 1, 1795, a United St ...

) **

Johann Elias Schlegel Johann Elias Schlegel (January 17, 1719 – August 13, 1749) was a German critic and dramatic poet. Life Schlegel was born in Meissen. He was educated at Schulpforta and at the University of Leipzig, where he studied law. In 1743 he became p ...

, German critic and poet (d.

1749 Events January–March * January 3 ** Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont. ** The first issue of ''Berlingske'', Denmark's oldest continually operating newspaper, i ...

) **

William Vernon William Vernon (January 17, 1719 – December 22, 1806), of Newport, Rhode Island, was a merchant in the Atlantic slave trade who played a leading role in the Continental Congress' maritime activities during the American Revolution. In 1774, Ver ...

, American merchant (d.

1806 Events January–March *January 1 ** The French Republican Calendar is abolished. ** The Kingdom of Bavaria is established by Napoleon. *January 5 – The body of British naval leader Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, lies in state ...

) *

January 22 Events Pre-1600 * 613 – Eight-month-old Heraclius Constantine is crowned as co-emperor ('' Caesar'') by his father Heraclius at Constantinople. * 871 – Battle of Basing: The West Saxons led by King Æthelred I are defeated b ...

** Benjamin Hinman, surveyor, soldier, legislator (d.

1810 Events January–March * January 1 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales. * January 4 – Australian seal hunter Frederick Hasselborough discovers Campbell Island, in the Subantarctic. * J ...

) **

Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge Henry Paget, 2nd Earl of Uxbridge (22 January 1719 – 16 November 1769) was a British nobleman, styled Lord Paget from 1742 to 1743. The only son of Thomas Paget, Lord Paget, and his wife Lady Elizabeth, he was commissioned a cornet in the 1st ...

, British Earl (d.

1769 Events January–March * February 2 – Pope Clement XIII dies, the night before preparing an order to dissolve the Jesuits.Denis De Lucca, ''Jesuits and Fortifications: The Contribution of the Jesuits to Military Architecture ...

) *

–

John Landen John Landen (23 January 1719 – 15 January 1790) was an English mathematician. Life He was born at Peakirk, near Peterborough in Northamptonshire, on 28 January 1719. He was brought up to the business of a surveyor, and acted as land agent t ...

, English mathematician (d.

1790 Events January–March * January 8 – United States President George Washington gives the first State of the Union address, in New York City. * January 11 – The 11 minor states of the Austrian Netherlands, which took pa ...

) *

January 25 Events Pre-1600 * 41 – After a night of negotiation, Claudius is accepted as Roman emperor by the Senate. * 750 – In the Battle of the Zab, the Abbasid rebels defeat the Umayyad Caliphate, leading to the overthrow of the dyn ...

–

Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia (; 25 January 1719 – 13 November 1765) was the ninth child and fifth daughter of Frederick William I of Prussia and Sophia Dorothea of Hanover. By marriage, she was a Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt. ...

(d.

1765 Events January–March * January 23 – Prince Joseph of Austria marries Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria in Vienna. * January 29 – One week before his death, Mir Jafar, who had been enthroned as the Nawab of Bengal and ...

) *

January 30 Events Pre-1600 * 1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. * 1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 * 1607 – An es ...

– Magnus Gottfried Lichtwer, German writer (d.

)

February

February 2 Events Pre-1600 * 506 – Alaric II, eighth king of the Visigoths, promulgates the Breviary of Alaric (''Breviarium Alaricianum'' or ''Lex Romana Visigothorum''), a collection of " Roman law". * 880 – Battle of Lüneburg Heath: ...

– Edward Coke, Viscount Coke, British politician (d.

1753 Events January–March * January 3 – King Binnya Dala of the Hanthawaddy Kingdom orders the burning of Ava, the former capital of the Kingdom of Burma. * January 29 – After a month's absence, Elizabeth Canning return ...

) *

February 4 Events Pre–1600 * 211 – Following the death of the Roman Emperor Septimius Severus at Eboracum (modern York, England) while preparing to lead a campaign against the Caledonians, the empire is left in the control of his two quarrellin ...

– Ernst Wilhelm von Schlabrendorf, German politician (d.

) *

February 6 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Hormizd IV, king of the Sasanian Empire, is overthrown and blinded by his brothers-in-law Vistahm and Vinduyih. * 1579 – The Diocese of Manila is erected by papal bull, with Domingo de Salazar appointe ...

– Alberto Pullicino, Maltese painter (d.

) *

February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – The Siege of Baghdad ends with the surrender of the last Abbasid caliph to Hulegu Khan, a prince of the Mongol Empire. * 1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bru ...

–

Clemente Sibiliato Clemente Sibiliato or Sibilato (10 February 171914 February 1795) was an Italian cleric, poet, and librarian. Biography He was born in Bovolenta, near Padua. He entered seminary at Padua, was ordained a priest, and became a professor at the youn ...

, Italian cleric (d.

1795 Events January–June * January – Central England records its coldest ever month, in the CET records dating back to 1659. * January 14 – The University of North Carolina opens to students at Chapel Hill, becoming the ...

) *

February 11 Events Pre-1600 * 660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman Empire, on the eve of his comin ...

–

Vasilije Božičković Trifun Vasilije Božičković, Order of Saint Basil the Great, O.S.B.M. (or , 1719–1785) was the last bishop of the Eparchy of Marča (1759–1777) and the first bishop of the Eparchy of Križevci from the erection in 1777 to his death in 1785. ...

, Eparch of Križevci (d.

) *

February 13 Events Pre-1600 * 962 – Emperor Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto I and Pope Pope John XII, John XII co-sign the ''Diploma Ottonianum'', recognizing John as ruler of Rome. *1258 – Siege of Baghdad (1258), Siege of Baghdad: Hulegu Kh ...

Samuel Finney Samuel Finney may refer to: * Samuel Finney (politician) * Samuel Finney (painter) {{hndis, Finney, Samuel ...

, English miniature-painter (d.

1798 Events January–June * January – Eli Whitney contracts with the U.S. federal government for 10,000 muskets, which he produces with interchangeable parts. * January 4 – Constantine Hangerli enters Bucharest, as Prince of ...

) **

Joseph Liesganig Joseph Xaver Liesganig (13 February 1719 – 4 March 1799) was a Jesuit priest and geodesist who was a professor of mathematics at the University of Vienna. He taught mathematics from 1742 at the University of Graz. He was involved in measuring the ...

, Austrian astronomer and Jesuit (d.

) *

February 14 It is observed in most countries as Valentine's Day. Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution#Persian phase, Abbasid Revolution: The Kaysanites Shia#History, Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad ...

–

David Doig David Doig FRSE LLD (1719–1800) was a Scottish educator, philologist and writer known for historical and philosophical works. He was Rector of Stirling High School from 1760 to 1800. Doig is also believed to have been the inventor of the tartan ...

, writer (d.

) *

February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Ti ...

Wilhelm Sebastian von Belling Wilhelm Sebastian von Belling (15 February 1719 – 28 November 1779) was a Prussian Hussar general under Frederick the Great. Biography Belling was born in Paulsdorf, Kingdom of Prussia (modern Pawłowo, Poland) to Lieutenant Colonel Johan ...

, German general (d.

1779 Events January–March * January 11 ** British troops surrender to the Marathas in Wadgaon, India, and are forced to return all territories acquired since 1773. * January 22 – American Revolutionary War – Claudius Smi ...

) **

Jean Jacques Flipart Jean Jacques Flipart (1719 – 10 July 1782) was a French engraver. Biography Flipart was born in Paris. His father was the engraver Jean Charles Flipart, under whom he received his initial training in the engraver's art. His brother Cha ...

, Engraver from France (d.

1782 Events January–March * January 7 – The first American commercial bank (Bank of North America) opens. * January 15 – Superintendent of Finance Robert Morris (financier), Robert Morris goes before the United States Con ...

) **

Crown Prince Hyojang Crown Prince Hyojang (; April 4, 1719 – December 16, 1728), personal name Yi Haeng (), was the first son of Yeongjo of Joseon, King Yeongjo of Joseon and his concubine, Royal Noble Consort Jeongbin Yi, Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Hamyang Y ...

, crown prince of Joseon, son of king Yeongjo of Joseon (d.

1728 Events January–March * January 5 – The '' Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana'', the oldest university in Cuba, is founded in Havana. * January 9 – The coronation of Peter II as the Tsar of t ...

) *

February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 3102 BC – Kali Yuga, the fourth and final yuga of Hinduism, starts with the death of Krishna. * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining J ...

–

Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger Ferdinand Christoph Oetinger (18 February 1719 – 15 April 1772) was a German physician. He studied philosophy at the University of Tübingen and medicine at the Universities of University of Leipzig, Leipzig and University of Halle, Halle, obt ...

, German physician (d.

1772 Events January–March * January 10 – Shah Alam II, the Mughal Emperor of India, makes a triumphant return to Delhi 15 years after having been forced to flee. * January 17 – Johann Friedrich Struensee and Queen Caroli ...

) *

February 19 Events Pre-1600 * 197 – Emperor Septimius Severus defeats Roman usurper, usurper Clodius Albinus in the Battle of Lugdunum, the bloodiest battle between Roman armies. * 356 – The anti-paganism policy of Constantius II forbids the w ...

– Arthur Blennerhassett, Anglo-Irish politician (d.

) *

Joseph Bellamy Joseph Bellamy (20 February 1719 – 6 March 1790) was an American Congregationalist pastor and a leading preacher, author, educator and theologian in New England in the second half of the 18th century. He was a disciple of Jonathan Edwards, and ...

, American pastor, author and educator (d.

) **

Charles Clarke Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is a British Labour Party politician who held various Cabinet positions under Prime Minister Tony Blair from 2001 to 2006, lastly as Home Secretary from December 2004 to May 2006. Clarke was th ...

, English numismatist (d.

1780 Events January–March * January 16 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of Cape St. Vincent: British Admiral Sir George Rodney defeats a Spanish fleet. * February 19 – The legislature of New York votes to all ...

) *

February 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1076 – Having received a letter during the Lenten synod of 14–20 February demanding that he abdicate, Pope Gregory VII excommunicates Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. * 1316 – The Battle of Picotin, between Fer ...

–

Joshua Thomas Joshua Thomas (1719–1797) was a Welsh writer and Particular Baptist minister, known for his history of Welsh Baptists. Life He was the eldest son of Morgan Thomas of Tyhên in the parish of Caio, Carmarthenshire, where he was born on 22 Febru ...

, Historian of Welsh Baptists (d.

) *

February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone o ...

–

Moses Mather Moses Mather (23 February 1719 in Lyme, Connecticut21 September 1806 in Darien, Connecticut), was a Connecticut clergyman. Biography He graduated from Yale University in 1739, and was ordained over the Congregational church in Darien in 1744, which ...

, American clergyman (d.

) *

February 27 Events Pre-1600 * 380 – Edict of Thessalonica: Emperor Theodosius I and his co-emperors Gratian and Valentinian II declare their wish that all Roman citizens convert to Nicene Christianity. * 425 – The University of Constantin ...

–

Alejandro González Velázquez Alejandro González Velázquez (27 February 1719 – 1772), was a Spanish late-Baroque architect and painter. Velázquez was born in Madrid into a family of artists; his father Pablo González Velázquez and brothers Luis and Antonio were all pa ...

, Spanish architect and painter (d.

)

March

March 1 Events Pre-1600 * 509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocleti ...

– Daniel Thurston, American army officer (d.

) *

March 4 Events Pre-1600 * AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title '' princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 581 – Yang Jian declares himself Emperor ...

–

George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot George Pigot, 1st Baron Pigot (4 March 1719 – 11 May 1777) was twice the British Governor of Madras, President of the British East India Company. Life Pigot was the eldest son of Richard Pigot of Westminster, by his wife Frances, daughter ...

, British governor of Madras (d.

1777 Events January–March * January 2 – American Revolutionary War – Battle of the Assunpink Creek: American general George Washington's army repulses a British attack by Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis, in a second ...

) *

** João Carlos de Bragança, 2nd Duke of Lafões, Portuguese politician (d.

) *

March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes ...

–

Pierre-Paul Lemercier de La Rivière de Saint-Médard Pierre-Paul Le Mercier de La Rivière (10 March 1719 – 27 November 1801) was a French colonial administrator and physiocrat economist. Mercier was a councilor at the Parlement of Paris, intendant at Martinique in the West Indies (1759-1764), and ...

, French economist (d.

1801 Events January–March *January 1 ** The legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland is completed under the Act of Union 1800, bringing about the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the abolition of the Parliament of Ir ...

) *

March 13 Events Pre-1600 * 222 – Roman emperor Elagabalus is murdered alongside his mother, Julia Soaemias. He is replaced by his 14-year old cousin, Severus Alexander. * 624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Mu ...

–

John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden Field Marshal John Griffin Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, KB (13 March 1719 – 25 May 1797), was a British Army officer, politician and peer. He served as a junior officer with the Pragmatic Army in the Dutch Republic and Germany during ...

, British nobleman and soldier (d.

) *

March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse to recant are burnt to death after the Fall of Montségur. * 1355 – Amidst the Red Turban Rebellions, Han Lin'er, ...

–

Prince Georg Ludwig of Holstein-Gottorp Prince Georg Ludwig of Holstein-Gottorp (16 March 1719 – 7 September 1763) was a Prussian lieutenant-general and an Imperial Russian field marshal. He was the youngest son of Christian August of Holstein-Gottorp, Prince of Eutin and his w ...

, Prussian lieutenant-general, Imperial Russian field marshal (d.

1763 Events January–March * January 27 – The seat of colonial administration in the Viceroyalty of Brazil is moved from Salvador to Rio de Janeiro. * February 1 – The colonial authorities in the Province of North Carolin ...

) *

–

Gabriel Podoski Gabriel Podoski was one of the Polish nobles in Russian service and supported their position. He was one of the leaders of the Radom Confederation, a supporter of the cardinal laws and a supporter of August III of Poland, opponent of king Stanisł ...

, Catholic archbishop (d.

) *

March 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. * 1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the las ...

–

Anna Catharina Bischoff Anna Catharina Bischoff (23 March 1719 – 30 August 1787), also known as the "Lady (or mummy) of the Barfüsser Church" was the wife of the pastor Lucas Gernler. She gained popularity in 1975, when her mummified corpse was found in a shaft at th ...

, Lady (or mummy) of the Barfüsser Church (d.

1787 Events January–March * January 9 – The North Carolina General Assembly authorizes nine commissioners to purchase of land for the seat of Chatham County. The town is named Pittsborough (later shortened to Pittsboro), for W ...

) *

March 26 Events Pre-1600 * 590 – Emperor Maurice proclaims his son Theodosius as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. * 624 – First Eid al-Fitr celebration. * 1021 – The death of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, kept secret ...

–

Lubbert Jan van Eck Lubbert Jan baron van Eck (26 March 1719, Velp - 1 April 1765, Colombo) was the 31st Governor of Ceylon during the Dutch period in Ceylon. Van Eck was the son of Samuel van Eck (1691-1760) and Jacoba Wilhelmina Maria Couttis (c.1695-1740). He inh ...

, Dutch noble (d.

) *

March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of Venice. * 1461 – Battle of Towton: Edward of York defeats Queen Margaret to become King Edward IV of England, bringing a ...

– John Hawkins, English author and music historian (d.

1789 Events January–March * January – Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès publishes the pamphlet '' What Is the Third Estate?'' ('), influential on the French Revolution. * January 7 – The 1788-89 United States presidential election ...

) *

March 30 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Avar–Byzantine wars: The Avars lift the siege at the Byzantine stronghold of Tomis. Their leader Bayan I retreats north of the Danube River after the Avaro- Slavic army is decimated by the plague. * 1282 ...

– John Wentworth, American jurist, soldier, leader of the American Revolution in New Hampshire (d.

)

April

April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St ...

** Vincenzo Legrenzo Ciampi, Italian composer (d.

1762 Events January–March * January 4 – Seven Years' War: Kingdom of Great Britain, Britain declares war against Enlightenment in Spain, Spain and Kingdom of Naples, Naples, following their Treaty of Paris (1761), recent alliance ...

) **

Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim (2 April 1719 – 18 February 1803) was a German poet, commonly associated with the Age of Enlightenment, Enlightenment and Rococo#Literature, Rococo movements. Life Gleim was born at the small town of Ermsleben in t ...

, German poet (d.

1803 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of Alexandre Balthazar Laurent Grimod de La Reynière's ''Almanach des gourmands'', the first guide to restaurant cooking, is published in Paris. * January 4 – William Symingt ...

) *

April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. * 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. * 1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. ...

** Daniel Dupuy, American silversmith (d.

1807 Events January–March *January 7 – The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland issues an Order in Council prohibiting British ships from trading with France or its allies. *January 20 – The Sierra Leone Company, faced with b ...

) **

Thomas Grenville Thomas Grenville (31 December 1755 – 17 December 1846) was a British politician and bibliophile. Background and education Grenville was the second son of Prime Minister George Grenville and Elizabeth Wyndham, daughter of Sir William Wyn ...

, Royal Navy officer killed in action in the War of the Austrian Succession (d.

1747 Events January–March * January 31 – The first venereal diseases clinic opens at London Lock Hospital. * February 11 – King George's War: A combined French and Indian force, commanded by Captain Nicolas Antoine II ...

) *

–

Mary Draper Mary Aldis Draper (April 4, 1719 – November 20, 1810) is known for the help she gave members of the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Personal life Mary Aldis, born April 4, 1719 in Dedham, Massachusetts, was the daughter of N ...

, American revolutionary character (d.

) *

April 5 Events Pre-1600 * 823 – Lothair I is crowned King of Italy by Pope Paschal I. * 919 – The Fatimid invasion of Egypt (919–921), second Fatimid invasion of Medieval Egypt, Egypt begins, when the Fatimid heir-apparent, Al-Qa'im (Fa ...

Reza Qoli Mirza Afshar Reza Qoli Mirza Afshar (; 1719–1747) was the eldest son of Nader Shah of Afsharid Iran. After his father's coronation in 1736, Reza Qoli, aged 17, became the Governor of the province of Khorasan. During his tenure, he subdued rebellious khans ...

, prince of Persia (d.

) **

Axel von Fersen the Elder Count Fredrik Axel von Fersen (5 April 171924 April 1794) was a Swedish statesman and soldier of Baltic German descent. He served as Lord Marshal of the Riksdag of the Estates, and although he worked closely with King Gustav III before and thro ...

, lantmarskalk or marshal of the diet (d.

) *

April 8 Events Pre-1600 * 217 – Roman emperor Caracalla is assassinated and is succeeded by his Praetorian Guard prefect, Marcus Opellius Macrinus. * 876 – The Battle of Dayr al-'Aqul saves Baghdad from the Saffarids. * 1139 – ...

–

Edmund Pery, 1st Viscount Pery Edmund Sexton Pery, 1st Viscount Pery (8 April 1719 – 24 February 1806) was an Anglo-Irish politician who served as the penultimate Speaker of the Irish House of Commons between 1771 and 1785. He was one of the most powerful and prominent poli ...

, Irish politician, Speaker of the Irish House of Commons (d.

) *

April 9 Events Pre-1600 * 193 – The distinguished soldier Septimius Severus is proclaimed emperor by the army in Illyricum. * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, ...

– Sir Edward Blackett, 4th Baronet, British politician and barrister (d.

1804 Events January–March * January 1 – Haiti gains independence from France, and becomes the first black republic. * February 4 – The Sokoto Caliphate is founded in West Africa. * February 14 – The First Serbian uprising begins th ...

) *

April 11 Events Pre-1600 * 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine emperor, with the name of Anastasius I. * 1241 – Batu Khan defeats Béla IV of Hungary at the Battle of Mohi. *1512 – War of the League of Cambrai: Franco-Ferra ...

–

Jakob Friedrich Heusinger Jakob Friedrich Heusinger (11 April 1719 in Useborn in der Wetterau – 27 September 1778 in Wolfenbüttel) was a German classical philologist. He studied philology and theology at the University of Jena, receiving his magister degree in 1748. ...

, German classical philologist (d.

1778 Events January–March * January 18 – Third voyage of James Cook: Sea captain, Captain James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution (1771), HMS ''Resolution'' and HMS Discovery (1774), HMS ''Discovery'', first views Oahu, Oʻahu th ...

) *

April 13 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Henry V, King of Germany, is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. * 1204 – Constantinople falls to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, temporarily ending the Byzantine Empire. * 1455 – Thirteen Years' War: ...

–

John Breynton John Breynton (1719 – 15 July 1799) was a minister in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. He was born in Trefeglwys, Montgomeryshire, Wales to John Breynton (born 1670 Llanidloes) and his second wife, and baptised on 13 April 1719. He spent his f ...

, Welsh missionary and minister (d.

) *

April 16 Events Pre-1600 * 1457 BC – Battle of Megido – the first battle to have been recorded in what is accepted as relatively reliable detail. * 69 – Defeated by Vitellius' troops at Bedriacum, Roman emperor Otho commits suicide. * ...

Mathieu-Antoine Bouchaud Mathieu-Antoine Bouchaud (16 April 1719 – 1 February 1804) was an 18th-century French economist and lawyer who contributed to the ''Encyclopédie'' by Diderot and d'Alembert. Werke (Auswahl) *1773: ''Théorie des traités de commerce entre ...

, French economist and professor (d.

) **

Tsugaru Nobuaki was the 6th ''daimyō'' of Hirosaki Domain in northern Mutsu Province, Honshū, Japan (modern-day Aomori Prefecture). His courtesy title was '' Dewa-no-kami'', and his Court rank was Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade. Biography Tsugaru Nobuaki w ...

, Japanese Daimyo (d.

1744 Events January–March * January 6 – The Royal Navy ship ''Bacchus'' engages the Spanish Navy privateer ''Begona'', and sinks it; 90 of the 120 Spanish sailors die, but 30 of the crew are rescued. * January 24 – The ...

) *

April 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. * 1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...

** Friedrich Hensing, German physician (d.

1745 Events January–March * January 7 – War of the Austrian Succession: The Austrian Army, under the command of Field Marshal Károly József Batthyány, makes a surprise attack at Amberg and the winter quarters of the Bav ...

) **

Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut (; 17 April 1719 – 5 May 1791) was an 18th-century French historian and writer. Short biographie The son of a horse trader, Pierre-Thomas-Nicolas Hurtaut became Latin teacher at the École Militaire and publishe ...

, French writer (d.

) **

Christian Gottfried Krause Christian Gottfried Krause (17 April 1717 – 4 May 1770) was a German lawyer, composer and music commentator. Life Krause was born in Winzig (today Wińsko, Poland) into a musical family. His father was a Stadtpfeifer from whom he learned to ...

, German composer (d.

1770 Events January– March * January 1 – The foundation of Fort George, Bombay is laid by Colonel Keating, principal engineer, on the site of the former Dongri Fort. * February 1 – Thomas Jefferson's home at Shadwell, Vi ...

) *

– William Banks, British politician (d.

1761 Events January–March * January 14 – Third Battle of Panipat: In India, the armies of the Durrani Empire from Afghanistan, led by Ahmad Shah Durrani and his coalition decisively defeat the Maratha Confederacy, killing over 1 ...

) *

April 22 Events Pre-1600 * 1500 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral lands in Brazil ( discovery of Brazil). * 1519 – Spanish conquistador Hernán Cortés establishes a settlement at Veracruz, Mexico. * 1529 – Treaty of Zara ...

–

Jacques Rochette de La Morlière Charles-Jacques-Louis-Auguste Rochette de La Morlière, called "Le Chevalier" , (22 April 1719 – 9 February 1785) was an 18th-century French playwright. Biography An unscrupulous schemer, La Morlière first sought the support of the party of ...

, French writer (d.

) *

April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). * 1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...

–

Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti Giuseppe Marc'Antonio Baretti (24 April 1719, Turin, Piedmont – 5 May 1789, London) was an Italian literary critic, poet, writer, translator, linguist and author of two influential language-translation dictionaries. During his years in England ...

, Italian-born English literary critic and author (d.

) *

April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V, effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victor ...

–

Sir Edward Turner, 2nd Baronet Sir Edward Turner, 2nd Baronet (28 April 1719 – 31 October 1766) was an English Whig politician who sat in the Parliament of Great Britain from 1741 to 1766. Life Turner was the son of Sir Edward Turner, 1st Baronet and his wife Mary.Lobel ...

, British politician (d.

1766 Events January–March * January 1 – Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") becomes the new House of Stuart, Stuart claimant to the throne of Great Britain, as King Charles III, and figurehead for Jacobitism. * Januar ...

)

May

May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. * 1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. * 1260 – ...

–

Andrew Meikle Andrew Meikle (5 May 1719 – 27 November 1811) was a Scottish mechanical engineer credited with inventing the threshing machine, a device used to remove the outer husks from grains of wheat. He also had a hand in assisting Firbeck in the inv ...

, Scottish engineer (d.

1811 Events January–March * January 8 – An unsuccessful slave revolt is led by Charles Deslondes, in St. Charles and St. James Parishes, Louisiana. * January 17 – Mexican War of Independence – Battle of Calderón ...

) *

May 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1527 – Spanish and German troops sack Rome; many scholars consider this the end of the Renaissance. * 1536 – The Siege of Cuzco commences, in which Incan forces attempt to retake the city of Cuzco from the Sp ...

– Jean Baptiste Christy de La Pallière, French Navy officer (d.

) *

May 8 Events Pre-1600 * 453 BC – Spring and Autumn period: The house of Zhao defeats the house of Zhi, ending the Battle of Jinyang, a military conflict between the elite families of the State of Jin. * 413 – Emperor Honorius signs a ...

–

Nicholas Dias Abeysinghe Nicholas Dias Abeysinghe Amarasekere Maha Mudaliyar, ( Sinhala: නිකලස් ඩයස් අබේසිංහ අමරසේකර) (8 May 1719 - 10 May 1794) was a Ceylonese Dutch colonial administrator. He was appointed as the Maha Mud ...

, ceylonese Dutch colonial administrator (d.

) *

May 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1395 – Battle of Rovine: The Wallachians defeat an invading Ottoman army. * 1521 – Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, is executed for treason. * 1527 – Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explo ...

–

Bjarni Pálsson Bjarni Pálsson (17 May 1719 - 8 September 1779) was an Icelandic medical doctor and naturalist. On 18 March 1760 he was named the first Director of Health in Iceland. Life Bjarni was born in Upsum at Eyjafjörður to Páll Bjarnason and Sigr� ...

, Icelandic doctor (d.

) *

May 19 Events Pre-1600 * 639 – Ashina Jiesheshuai and his tribesmen assaulted Emperor Taizong of Tang, Emperor Taizong at Jiucheng Palace. * 715 – Pope Gregory II is elected. * 934 – The Byzantine Empire reconquers Melitene under ...

Johann von Fries Johann Graf von Fries (19 May 1719 in Mulhouse, France – 19 June 1785 in Bad Vöslau, Lower Austria) descended from a Swiss family of bankers. He was a counsellor, director of the imperial silk factories, industrialist and banker. His house in V ...

, counsellor, director of the imperial silk factories, industrialist, banker (d.

) ** Charlotte of Monaco, Monegasque princess and nun (d.

) ** Matthew Patten, American judge (d.

) *

May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne marries Anastasius I. The widowed '' Augusta'' is able to choose h ...

– Roger Newdigate, English politician, antiquities collector (d.

) *

May 22 Events Pre-1600 * 192 – Dong Zhuo is assassinated by his adopted son Lü Bu. * 760 – Fourteenth recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 853 – A Byzantine fleet sacks and destroys undefended Damietta in Egypt. ...

** Charles Howard, Viscount Morpeth, British politician (d.

1741 Events January–March * January 13 ** Lanesborough, Massachusetts is created as a township. ** Conventicle Act of 1741 is introduced in Denmark-Norway. *February 13 – Sir Robert Walpole, the Prime Minister of Great Britain ...

) **

Julia von Mengden Julia may refer to: People *Julia (given name), including a list of people with the name * Julia (surname), including a list of people with the name *Julia gens, a patrician family of Ancient Rome *Julia (clairvoyant) (fl. 1689), lady's maid of Q ...

, Russian noble (d.

) ** Matsudaira Nobunao, daimyo of the middle Edo period; 2nd lord of Hamamatsu, later 1st lord of Yoshida (d.

1768 Events January–March * January 9 – Philip Astley stages the first modern circus, with acrobats on galloping horses, in London. * February 11 – Samuel Adams's circular letter is issued by the Massachusetts House of Re ...

) *

May 24 Events Pre-1600 * 919 – The nobles of Franconia and Saxony elect Henry the Fowler at the Imperial Diet in Fritzlar as king of the East Frankish Kingdom. * 1218 – The Fifth Crusade leaves Acre for Egypt. * 1276 – Magnus ...

–

Eyre Massey, 1st Baron Clarina General Eyre Massey, 1st Baron Clarina (24 May 1719 – 17 May 1804) was a British Army officer who served in the French and Indian War. In 1800, he was made Baron Clarina in the peerage of Ireland. Life and career Born on 24 May 1719, he wa ...

, Irish Baron (d.

) *

May 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1096 – Count Emicho enters Mainz, where his followers massacre Jewish citizens. At least 600 Jews are killed. * 1120 – Richard III of Capua is anointed as Prince two weeks before his untimely death. * 1153 &nda ...

– Henri-Joseph Dulaurens, French writer (d.

1793 The French Republic introduced the French Revolutionary Calendar starting with the year I. Events January–June * January 7 – The Ebel riot occurs in Sweden. * January 9 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to ...

) *

May 29 Events Pre-1600 * 363 – The Roman emperor Julian defeats the Sasanian army in the Battle of Ctesiphon, under the walls of the Sasanian capital, but is unable to take the city. * 1108 – Battle of Uclés: Almoravid troops unde ...

–

Lorenzo De Caro Lorenzo de Caro (baptised 29 May 1719 – 2 December 1777) was an Italian painter, active in the late Baroque style in his native city of Naples. Biography Decaro's biographical information is sparse, and many canvases refer to painter of Neapol ...

, Italian painter (d.

) *

May 31 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Petronius Maximus is stoned to death by an angry mob while fleeing Rome. * 1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by th ...

– Robert Rutherfurd, Scottish merchant, Baron of the Russian Empire (d.

)

June

June 2 Events Pre-1600 * 260 – Sima Zhao's regicide of Cao Mao: The figurehead Wei emperor Cao Mao personally leads an attempt to oust his regent, Sima Zhao; the attempted coup is crushed and the emperor killed. * 455 – Sack of Rome: ...

–

Michel-Jean Sedaine Michel-Jean Sedaine (2 June 1719 – 17 May 1797) was a French dramatist and librettist, especially noted for his librettos for ''opéras comiques'', in which he took an important and influential role in the advancement of the genre from the ...

, French dramatist and librettist (d.

) *

June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Philippikos Ba ...

– Louis Paul Abeille, economist (d.

) *

June 5 Events Pre-1600 * 830 – Theodora is crowned Byzantine empress and marries then emperor Theophilos in the Hagia Sophia. She is credited with restoring orthodoxy and the icons. * 1086 – Tutush, brother of Seljuk sultan Malik Sh ...

–

Domenico Orsini d'Aragona Domenico Orsini d'Aragona (Naples, 5 June 1719 – Rome, 10 January 1789) was an Italian, Roman Catholic Cardinal. Biography He was born to Ferdinando Bernualdo Filippo Orsini, the 14th Duke of Gravina, and his second wife, Giacinta Marescotti ...

, Italian cardinal (d.

) *

** Michael Gottlieb Agnethler, German botanist and numismatist (d.

1752 In the British Empire, it was the only year with 355 days (11 days were dropped), as September 3–13 were skipped when the Empire adoption of the Gregorian calendar, adopted the Gregorian calendar. Events January–March * January 1 ...

) ** Francisco Mariano Nipho, Spanish writer (d.

) *

June 11 Events Pre-1600 * 173 – Marcomannic Wars: The Roman army in Moravia is encircled by the Quadi, who have broken the peace treaty ( 171). In a violent thunderstorm emperor Marcus Aurelius defeats and subdues them in the so-called "miracle ...

–

François-Charles de Velbrück François Charles de Velbrück (1719–1784) was a German ecclesiastic. He was prince bishop of Liège from 16 February 1772 to his death on 30 April 1784. Early life Velbrück was born at Garath Castle near Düsseldorf on 11 June 1719. In 1 ...

, Roman Catholic bishop (d.

1784 Events January–March * January 6 – Treaty of Constantinople: The Ottoman Empire agrees to Russia's annexation of the Crimea. * January 14 – The Congress of the United States ratifies the Treaty of Paris with Great Brit ...

) *

June 17 Events Pre-1600 * 653 – Pope Martin I is arrested and taken to Constantinople, due to his opposition to monothelitism. *1242 – Following the Disputation of Paris, twenty-four carriage loads of Jewish religious manuscripts were burn ...

–

Joshua Parry Joshua Parry (17 June 1719 – 6 September 1776) was a Welsh Nonconformist minister and writer. Life Parry was born at Llangan, Pembrokeshire, on 17 June 1719 (O.S.); his parents died in his infancy. He was first taught by a private tutor at Hav ...

, Welsh nonconformist minister and writer (d.

1776 Events January–February * January 1 – American Revolutionary War – Burning of Norfolk: The town of Norfolk, Virginia is destroyed, by the combined actions of the British Royal Navy and occupying Patriot forces. * January ...

) *

June 19 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The original Nicene Creed is adopted at the First Council of Nicaea. * 1179 – The Battle of Kalvskinnet takes place outside Nidaros (now Trondheim), Norway. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle cha ...

– Sir Thomas Clavering, 7th Baronet, British politician (d.

) *

June 28 Events Pre-1600 *1098 – Fighters of the First Crusade defeat Kerbogha, Kerbogha of Mosul at the Battle of Antioch (1098), battle of Antioch. *1360 – Muhammed VI, Sultan of Granada, Muhammed VI becomes the tenth Nasrid dynasty, Nas ...

–

Étienne François, duc de Choiseul Étienne, a French analog of Stephen or Steven, is a masculine given name. An archaic variant of the name, prevalent up to the mid-17th century, is Estienne. Étienne, Etienne, Ettiene or Ettienne may refer to: People Artists and entertainers * ...

, French general, diplomat, statesman (d.

)

July

July 2 This date marks the halfway point of the year. In common years, the midpoint of the year occurs at noon on this date, while in leap years, it occurs at midnight (start of the day). Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begin ...

–

Josip Šišković Josip Šišković (in foreign sources: József Siskovics; Josef Siskowitz; Joseph Siskovich; 2 July 1719 – February 4, 1783) was a Habsburg senior military officer and official of Croatian origin, a member of the Šišković noble family residing ...

, Hapsburg military officer (d.

) *

July 7 Events Pre-1600 * 1124 – The city of Tyre falls to the Venetian Crusade after a siege of nineteen weeks. * 1456 – A retrial verdict acquits Joan of Arc of heresy 25 years after her execution. * 1520 – Spanish ''conquistad ...

William de Grey, 1st Baron Walsingham William de Grey, 1st Baron Walsingham Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, PC King's Counsel, KC (7 July 1719 – 9 May 1781), was a British lawyer, judge and politician. He served as Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas between 1771 an ...

, British lawyer, judge, politician (d.

) ** Johann Karl von Herberstein, Austrian bishop (d.

) *

–

Giuseppe Toaldo Giuseppe Toaldo or Joseph Toaldo ( Pianezze, 11 November 1719Padua, 11 July 1797) was an Italian Catholic priest and physicist. He took an interest in astro-meteorology and served as the chair of astronomy at Padua from 1764. Biography Giuse ...

, Italian physicist (d.

) *

** William Walond Sr., English composer and organist (d.

) ** Gerrit Zegelaar, Dutch painter (d.

) *

July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine Empire, Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the First Bulgarian Empire, Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. *1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a Battle of Chi ...

–

Frances Boscawen Frances Evelyn "Fanny" Boscawen (née Glanville; 23 July 1719 – 26 February 1805) was an English literary hostess, correspondent and member of the Blue Stockings Society. She was born Frances Evelyn Glanville on 23 July 1719 at St Clere, Kemsin ...

, English literary hostess; (d.

) *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridg ...

–

Chevalier de Johnstone James Johnstone (1719), also known as Chevalier de Johnstone or Johnstone de Moffatt, was a Scottish memoirist who is best remembered for his ''Memoirs of the Rebellion in 1745 and 1746'', first published in 1820. The son of an Edinburgh merchan ...

, Jacobite Army officer (d.

) *

July 26 Events Pre-1600 * 657 – First Fitna: In the Battle of Siffin, troops led by Ali ibn Abu Talib clash with those led by Muawiyah I. * 811 – Battle of Pliska: Byzantine Emperor Nikephoros I is killed and his heir Staurakios is seri ...

– Elizabeth Pakenham, 1st Countess of Longford, English noblewoman (d.

) *

July 29 Events Pre-1600 *587 BC – The Neo-Babylonian Empire sacks Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple. * 615 – Pakal ascends the throne of Palenque at the age of 12. * 904 – Sack of Thessalonica: Saracen raiders under Leo o ...

– William Innes, British Member of Parliament (d.

)

August

August 4 Events Pre-1600 * 598 – Goguryeo–Sui War#Course of the war, Goguryeo-Sui War: In response to a Goguryeo (Korean) incursion into Liaoxi, Emperor Emperor Wen of Sui, Wéndi of Sui dynasty, Sui orders his youngest son, Yang Liang (assiste ...

– Johann Gottlob Lehmann, German and Russian mineralogist (d.

1767 Events January–March * January 1 – The first annual volume of ''The Nautical Almanac and Astronomical Ephemeris'', produced by British Astronomer Royal Nevil Maskelyne at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, gives navigators the ...

) *

August 5 Events Pre-1600 * AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty. * 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...

–

Robert Glynn Robert Glynn, afterwards Clobery (5 August 17196 February 1800) was an English physician, known as a generous eccentric. Life Glynn was the eldest and only surviving son of Robert Glynn of Brodes in Helland parish, near Bodmin, Cornwall, who mar ...

, British doctor (d.

) *

August 7 Events Pre-1600 * 461 – Roman Emperor Majorian is beheaded near the river Iria in north-west Italy following his arrest and deposition by the ''magister militum'' Ricimer. * 626 – The Avar and Slav armies leave the siege of ...

Francisco Fabián y Fuero Francisco Fabián y Fuero (7 August 1719, in Terzaga, Aragon – 3 August 1801, in Torrehermosa) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop. Biography He studied in Calatayud and Alcalá de Henares, Alcalá, and was at different times rector of the col ...

, Roman Catholic archbishop (d.

) ** Jabez Huntington, American businessman 1719–1786 (d.

1786 Events January–March * January 3 – The third Treaty of Hopewell is signed between the United States and the Choctaw. * January 6 – The outward bound East Indiaman '' Halsewell'' is wrecked on the south coast of Englan ...

) *

August 10 Events Pre-1600 * 654 – Pope Eugene I elected to succeed Martinus I. * 955 – Battle of Lechfeld: Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor defeats the Magyars, ending 50 years of Magyar invasion of the West. * 991 – Battle of Maldon: T ...

–

Philip Thicknesse Captain Philip Thicknesse (1719 – 23 November 1792) was a British Army officer and writer who was a friend of the artist Thomas Gainsborough. He wrote several travel guides. Early life Philip Thicknesse was born in Staffordshire, England, so ...

, author (d.

) *

August 11 Events Pre-1600 * 3114 BC – The Mesoamerican Long Count calendar, used by several pre-Columbian Mesoamerican civilizations, notably the Maya, begins. * 2492 BC – Traditional date of the defeat of Bel by Hayk, progenitor and foun ...

– George Selwyn, British politician (d.

) *

–

Itakura Katsuzumi Itakura Katsuzumi () (August 13, 1719 – June 6, 1769) was the first Itakura daimyō of the Bitchū-Matsuyama Domain. He was eventually succeeded by Itakura Katsutake. His childhood name was Shinpei (新平). His courtesy title was ''Sagami ...

, Japanese samurai (d.

) *

August 18 Events Pre-1600 * 684 – Battle of Marj Rahit: Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria. * 707 – Princess Abe accedes to the imperial Japanese throne as Empress Genmei. * 130 ...

–

Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor Bernard Ward, 1st Viscount Bangor (18 August 1719 – 20 May 1781), was an Irish politician and peer. Background He was the only surviving son of Michael Ward (Irish politician), Michael Ward of Castle Ward, County Down, one of the justices of t ...

, Irish politician and peer (d.

) *

–

Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec Charles-François is a given name. Notable people with the name include: * Charles-François de Broglie, marquis de Ruffec (1719–1791), French soldier and diplomat * Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance (1739–1824), Third Consul of Fra ...

, French soldier, diplomat (d.

) *

** James Bonner, American colonel (d.

) **

Christian Mayer Christian Mayer may refer to: *Christian Mayer (astronomer) (1719–1783), Czech astronomer and teacher *Christian Mayer (skier) (born 1972), Austrian former alpine skier * Christian Mayer (Wisconsin politician) (1827–1910), Wisconsin manufacture ...

, Czech-German astronomer (d.

) *

August 23 Events Pre-1600 * 30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, the eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Ca ...

–

Pierre Poivre Pierre Poivre (23 August 1719 – 6 January 1786) was an 18th-century horticulturist and botanist. He was born in Lyon, France. He was a missionary to East Asia, intendant of French colonial islands in the Indian Ocean, and wearer of the cordon ...

, French horticulturalist (d.

) *

August 25 Events Pre-1600 * 766 – Emperor Constantine V humiliates nineteen high-ranking officials, after discovering a plot against him. He executes the leaders, Constantine Podopagouros and his brother Strategios. * 1248 – The Dutch cit ...

Louis-Alexandre de Cessart Louis-Alexandre de Cessart (25 August 1719, Paris – 12 April 1806, Rouen) was a French road and bridge engineer. He served in the "gendarmerie de la Maison du Roi", fighting at the battles of Fontenoy and Raucoux in 1745 and 1746. In 1747 he ...

, French engineer (d.

) **

Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo (25 August 1719 – 15 November 1795) was a French painter of allegorical scenes and portraits. He studied under his father, the painter Jean-Baptiste van Loo, at Turin and Rome, where in 1738 he won the , ...

, French painter (d.

) *

August 26 Events Pre-1600 * 683 – Yazid I's army kills 11,000 people of Medina including notable Sahabas in Battle of al-Harrah. * 1071 – The Seljuq Turks defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert, and soon gain control of most o ...

– Carlo Sebastiano Berardi, Italian jurist (d.

)

September

–

Ferdinand Zellbell the Younger Ferdinand Zellbell the Younger (171921 April 1780) was a Swedish composer and a founding member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. He was organist at Storkyrkan, the main church of Stockholm, and chief conductor at Kungliga Hovkapellet (the R ...

, Swedish composer (d.

) *

September 6 Events Pre-1600 * 394 – Battle of the Frigidus: Roman emperor Theodosius I defeats and kills Eugenius the usurper. His Frankish ''magister militum'' Arbogast escapes but commits suicide two days later. *1492 – Christopher Co ...

– Somerset Hamilton Butler, 1st Earl of Carrick (d.

1754 Events January–March * January 28 – Horace Walpole, in a letter to Horace Mann, coins the word ''serendipity''. * February 22 – Expecting an attack by Portuguese-speaking militias in the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plat ...

) *

September 11 Events Pre-1600 * 9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hu ...

–

Tanuma Okitsugu (September 11, 1719 – August 25, 1788) was a chamberlain (''sobashū'') and a senior counselor ('' rōjū'') to the ''shōgun'' Tokugawa Ieharu of the Tokugawa Shogunate, in the Edo period of Japan. Tanuma and his son exercised tremendo ...

, Japanese government official (d.

1788 Events January–March * January 1 – The first edition of ''The Times'', previously ''The Daily Universal Register'', is published in London. * January 2 – Georgia ratifies the United States Constitution, and becomes the fourth U.S ...

) *

September 13 Events Pre-1600 *585 BC – Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victories over the Sabines, and the surrender of Collatia. *509 BC – The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on Rome's Capitoline Hill ...

–

Étienne Ficquet Étienne Ficquet (13 September 1719 – 11 December 1794) was a French engraving, engraver. Ficquet was born in Paris in 1719, and was instructed by Georg Friedrich Schmidt, G. F. Schmidt and Jacques-Philippe Le Bas, Le Bas. He acquired great rep ...

, engraver (d.

) *

September 15 Events Pre-1600 * 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes. * 1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against hi ...

–

Friedrich Christian Meuschen Friedrich Christian Meuschen (15 September 1719 – 20 February 1811) was a German diplomat and conchologist born in Hanau. He was the son of theologian Johann Gerhard Meuschen (1680–1743). Meuschen was a diplomatic representative in The Hague, ...

, German zoologist (d.

) *

September 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1111 – Highest Galician nobility led by Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and the bishop Diego Gelmírez crown Alfonso VII as "King of Galicia". *1176 – The Battle of Myriokephalon is the last attempt by the Byzantine E ...

Edward Kimber Edward Kimber (1719–1769) was an English novelist, journalist and compiler of reference works. Life He was son of Isaac Kimber; and in early life apprentice to a bookseller, John Noon of Cheapside. He made a living by compilation and editorial ...

, British writer (d.

) ** James Smith, signatory to the United States Declaration of Independence (d.

) *

September 21 Events Pre-1600 * 455 – Emperor Avitus enters Italy with a Gallic army and consolidates his power. * 1170 – Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland: The Kingdom of Dublin falls to Anglo-Norman invaders. * 1217 – Livonian Crusa ...

Larcum Kendall Larcum Kendall (21 September 1719 in Charlbury, Oxfordshire – 22 November 1790 in London) was a watchmaker from Oxfordshire, who was active in London. Early life Kendall was born on 21 September 1719 in Charlbury. His father was a Merce ...

, British watchmaker (d.

) ** Johann Friedrich Mayer, agriculturalist (d.

) *

September 24 Events Pre-1600 *AD 787, 787 – Second Council of Nicaea: The council assembles at the church of Hagia Sophia. *1568 – Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ul� ...

–

Florian Baucke Florian Baucke, also Florian Paucke, Florian Pauke, (24 September 1719, Winzig (), Silesia/ Bohemian Royal Lands, (15261742) Habsburg monarchy (Austria) 14 July 1779, Neuhaus (), Bohemia, Austria) was a Silesian and Bohemian Jesuit missionary ...

, Jesuit missionary (d.

) *

September 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. * 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teut ...

–

Abraham Gotthelf Kästner Abraham Gotthelf Kästner (27 September 1719 – 20 June 1800) was a German mathematician and epigrammatist. He was known in his professional life for writing textbooks and compiling encyclopedias rather than for original research. Georg Chr ...

, German mathematician (d.

) *

September 30 Events Pre-1600 * 489 – The Ostrogoths under Theoderic the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time. * 737 – The Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus, and capture thei ...

–

François Poulletier de la Salle François Poulletier de la Salle (30 September 1719 in Lyon – 20 March 1788 in Paris) was a French medical doctor and chemist. In about 1758, he isolated for the first time the crystals from cholesterol Cholesterol is the principal ste ...

, chemist and medical doctor (d.

)

October

October 1 Events Pre-1600 * 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela. * 366 – Pope Damasus I is consecrated. * 959 – Edgar the Peaceful becomes king of all England, in succession to E ...

–

John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley John Bligh, 3rd Earl of Darnley (1 October 1719 – 31 July 1781), styled ''The Hon. John Bligh'' between 1721 and 1747, lord of the Manor of Cobham, Kent, was a British parliamentarian. Background Bligh was the son of John Bligh, 1st Earl ...

, British politician (d.

) *

October 3 Events Pre-1600 * 2457 BC – Gaecheonjeol, Hwanung (환웅) purportedly descended from heaven. South Korea's National Foundation Day. * 52 BC – Gallic Wars: Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius ...

–

Paul Henry Ourry Captain Paul Henry Ourry (3 October 1719 – 31 January 1783) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who represented Plympton Erle in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1763 to 1775. Early life Ourry was the second son of Louis Ourry, ...

, British Member of Parliament (d.

) *

October 7 Events Pre-1600 * 3761 BC – The epoch reference date (start) of the modern Hebrew calendar. * 1403 – Venetian–Genoese wars: The Genoese fleet under a French admiral is defeated by a Venetian fleet at the Battle of Modon. * 1477 ...

–

Jacques Cazotte Jacques Cazotte (; 17 October 1719 – 25 September 1792) was a French author and a monarchist. He predicted the Reign of Terror and was guillotined shortly after. Life Born in Dijon, he was educated by the Jesuits. Cazotte then worked for the ...

, French writer (d.

) *

October 9 Events Pre-1600 * 768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks. * 1238 – James I of Aragon founds the Kingdom of Valencia. * 1410 – The first known mention of the Prague astronomical clock. * 1446 &ndash ...

–

Georg Mathias Fuchs Georg Mathias Fuchs (9 October 1719, in Regensburg – 5 April 1797, in Copenhagen) was a German-born Danish portrait and history painter. Biography His father was the custodian of the Trinitarian church in Regensburg. He spent six years appr ...

, German painter in Denmark (d.

) *

October 10 Events Pre-1600 * 19 – The Roman general Germanicus dies near Antioch. He was convinced that the mysterious illness that ended in his death was a result of poisoning by the Syrian governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso, whom he had ordered to ...

–

Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick Francis Greville, 1st Earl of Warwick, KT (10 October 1719 – 8 July 1773), styled as Lord Brooke from 1727 to 1746 and Earl Brooke from 1746, was a British peer and landowner. He inherited Warwick Castle and the title of Baron Brooke from hi ...

, English Earl (d.

) *

October 12 Events Pre-1600 *539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia Fall of Babylon, conquer Babylon, ending the Babylonian empire. (Julian calendar) * 633 – Battle of Hatfield Chase: King Edwin of Northumbria is defeated and killed b ...

– Ignaz Franz, German priest, hymnwriter (d.

) *

October 13 Events Pre-1600 * 54 – Roman emperor Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son Nero, rather than by Britannicus, his son with Messalina. * 409 – Vandals and Alans cross the ...

– Josef Ignaz Mildorfer, Austrian painter (d.

) *

–

John Holker Sir John Holker (1828 – 24 May 1882) was a British lawyer, politician, and judge. He sat as a Member of Parliament for Preston from 1872 until his death ten years later. He was first Solicitor General and later Attorney General in th ...

, English Jacobite soldier, industrialist and commercial spy (d.

) *

October 18 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – Heartbroken by the deaths of her sons Nero and Drusus, and banished to the island of Pandateria by Tiberius, Agrippina the Elder dies of self-inflicted starvation. * 320 – Pappus of Alexandria, Greek phil ...

– Charles Bulkley, British minister (d.

) *

October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the r ...

– Gottfried Achenwall, German philosopher, historian, economist, jurist, statistician (d.

) *

October 23 Events Pre-1600 * 4004 BC – James Ussher's purported creation date of the world according to the Bible. * 42 BC – Liberators' civil war: Mark Antony and Octavian decisively defeat an army under Brutus in the second part of the B ...

– Peter Fenger, Danish merchant (d.

1774 Events January–March * January 21 – Mustafa III, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, dies and is succeeded by his brother Abdul Hamid I. * January 27 ** An angry crowd in Boston, Massachusetts seizes, tars, and feathers British customs ...

) *

October 24 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69 – In the Second Battle of Bedriacum, troops loyal to Vespasian defeat those of Emperor Vitellius. * 1260 – Chartres Cathedral is dedicated in the presence of King Louis IX of France. * 1260 – Afte ...

Jakob Gadolin Jakob Gadolin (24 October 1719 – 26 September 1802) was a Swedish Lutheran bishop, professor of physics and theology, politician and statesman. Gadolin was born in Strängnäs, Sweden. In 1736, he studied at The Royal Academy of Turku (which ...

, Finnish bishop (d.

) **

Pierre Sigorgne Abbé Pierre Sigorgne (24 October 1719 – 10 November 1809) was a French educator, science popularizer, abbot and theologian. He replaced some of the ideas of René Descartes, Descartes with those of Isaac Newton, Newton and published a book on Ne ...

, French physicist (d.

1809 Events January–March * January 5 – The Treaty of the Dardanelles, between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the Ottoman Empire, is concluded. * January 10 – Peninsular War – French Marshal Jean ...

) * October 25 – Edward Townshend, Anglican dean of Norwich (d.

) * October 26 ** Sir William Codrington, 2nd Baronet, British Member of Parliament (d.

) ** Hyacinthe Gaëtan de Lannion, French politician (d.

) * October 30 – Lazzaro Opizio Pallavicino, Italian priest (d.

)

November

* November 6 – Louis-Antoine Caraccioli, French writer, poet and historian (d.

) *

– Domenico Lorenzo Ponziani, Italian chess player (d. 1796) * November 14 ** Leopold Mozart, German/Austrian composer, father of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (d.

) ** Franz Ludwig Wind, Swiss sculptor (d.

) * November 17 ** Marie Marguerite Bihéron, Medical illustrator (d.

) ** Francis Home, Scottish physician (d. 1813) * November 22 – Johann Friedrich Reiffenstein, German artist (d.

) * November 23 ** Spranger Barry, British actor (d.

) ** Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf, German publisher and typographer (d.

) ** Philip Wenman, 6th Viscount Wenman, Irish Viscount (d. 1760) * November 30 – Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, Princess of Wales (d.

)

December

* December 8 – Andrés Marcos Burriel, historian (d.

) * December 13 – Thomas Gillespie (North Carolina plantation owner), Thomas Gillespie, North Carolina planter (d.

) * December 15 – Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d.

) * December 18 – William Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Harrington, British Army general (d.

) * December 25 – George Campbell (minister), George Campbell, figure of the Scottish Enlightenment (d. 1796) * December 26 – Salvatore Maria di Blasi, Italian priest (d. 1814) * December 27 – John Phillips (educator), John Phillips, American academic (d.

) * December 28 – Charles Gravier, comte de Vergennes, French diplomat (d.

) * ''date unknown'' ** William Bradford (American Revolutionary printer), William Bradford, American revolutionary and printer (d.

) ** Dominic Serres, French-born painter (d.

) ** Thomas Sheridan (actor), Thomas Sheridan, Irish actor (d.

) ** Thomas Elfe, furniture craftsman in Charleston, South Carolina (d.

)

Deaths

Gulden_Cabinet_-_Petrus_van_Bredael_p_381

Gabriel_Metsu_-_Portrait_of_a_Lady_-_Google_Art_Project

Magdalena_Sibylle_von_Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf

January

* January 27 – William Munroe (Scottish soldier), William Munroe, Scottish soldier (b. 1625) *

– Jacob Toorenvliet, Dutch painter (b. 1640) * January 5 ** Carlo Berlingeri, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Santa Severina (b. 1639) ** Thomas Hay, 7th Earl of Kinnoull, Scottish peer and Conservative politician (b. 1660) ** Philibert Vigier, French sculptor (b. 1636) *

– Richard Hoare (banker), Richard Hoare, banker, founder of C. Hoare & Co. (b. 1648) * January 11 – Mizoguchi Shigemoto, Japanese daimyō (b. 1680) * January 16 – Petar Kanavelić, Venetian writer (b. 1637) *

– Sophie Amalie Moth, royal mistress of King Christian V of Denmark (b. 1654) * January 18 – Samuel Garth, British writer (b. 1661) * January 19 – Joachim Tielke, German musical instrument maker (b. 1641) *

** William Paterson (banker), William Paterson, Scottish trader and banker (b. 1658) ** James Winstanley, English Member of Parliament (b. 1667) * January 26 – Tikhon Streshnev, Russian noble (b. 1644) * January 27 – Ferdinando d'Adda, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1650)

February

– Köprülüzade Numan Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (b. 1670) * February 12 – Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, Swedish general (b. 1659) *

– Carl Philipp, Reichsgraf von Wylich und Lottum, Prussian field Marshal (b. 1650) *

– Bernardino Belluzzi, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Camerino (b. 1642) *

** Georg Heinrich von Görtz, German politician (b. 1668) ** Ryer Jacobse Schermerhorn, merchant (b. 1652) *

– Pakubuwono I of Mataram, Sultan of Mataram (b. 1648) *

– Bartholomäus Ziegenbalg, German Lutheran clergy (b. 1682) * February 25 – Giovanni Maria Casini, Italian composer (b. 1652) *

– Johann Ernst, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (b. 1664) *

– Boris Sheremetev, Russian noble (b. 1652)

March

– Richard Ingoldesby, British Army officer, lieutenant governor of New York and New Jersey (b. 1617) * March 3 – Jacques-Louis de Valon, French poet (b. 1659) * March 7 ** Thomas Butler, 6th Viscount Ikerrin, Irish viscount (b. 1683) ** Heinrich Bernhard Ruppius, German botanist (b. 1688) ** Steven Jacobsz Vennekool, Dutch architect (b. 1660) * March 9 – Peeter van Bredael, Flemish painter (b. 1629) *

– Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond, French architect (b. 1679) * March 12 – Giuseppe Antonio Torricelli, Italian artist (b. 1659) *

– Johann Friedrich Böttger, Saxon alchemist (b. 1682) * March 14 – Mary Hamilton (lady in waiting), Mary Hamilton, executed Russian lady-in-waiting (b. 1684) *

– Isaac de Larrey, French historian (b. 1638) * March 19 ** Isaac Addington, functionary of the colonial government of Massachusetts (b. 1645) ** Giambattista Spínola Jr., Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1646)

April

– Thomas Powys (judge), Thomas Powys, English politician and judge; (b. 1649) *

– Edward Colston (MP for Wells), Edward Colston, politician (b. 1670) * April 7 – Jean-Baptiste de La Salle, French priest, education reformer, saint in the Catholic Church (b. 1651) * April 14 – Giovanni Tommaso Rovetta, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Hvar (b. 1632) * April 15 – Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, mistress and later secret wife of King Louis XIV of France (b. 1635) *

– Ketevan of Kakheti (1648–1719), Ketevan of Kakheti, princess (batonishvili) of eastern Georgia (b. 1648) *

** Gabriel-Philippe de La Hire, French scientist (b.

) ** Peter Petrovich (1715–1719), Peter Petrovich, Russian Tsarevich, heir to the Russian throne from February 1718 to his death in 1719 (b. 1715) * April 21 ** Sir Thomas Cave, 3rd Baronet, British politician (b. 1681) ** Philippe de La Hire, French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1640) *

– Hyacinthe Robillard d'Avrigny, Jesuit (b. 1675) * April 27 – Laurentius Christophori Hornæus, Swedish witch hunter (b. 1645) *

–

, Mughal Empire, Mughal Emperor (b. 1685)

May

* May 3 – Pierre Le Gros the Younger, sculptor from France (b. 1666) *

– Prince Yeollyeong, Korean prince (b. 1699) * May 7 – Sebastiano Bombelli, Italian painter (b. 1635) * May 13 ** Richard Dyott (died 1719), Richard Dyott, English politician; (b. 1667) ** John Lenton, English composer, violinist, and singer (b. 1657) * May 21 – Pierre Poiret, French philosopher and mystic (b. 1646) * May 23 ** Gerhard Treschow, Norwegian businessman (b. 1659) ** Lucia Wijbrants, Dutch artist (b. 1638) *

– Thomas Newport, 1st Baron Torrington, British politician and baron (b. 1655) *

** Joseph de Jouvancy, French historian (b. 1643) ** Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Baronet, Scottish baronet (b. 1639) ** Abraham Trommius, Dutch theologian (b. 1633) *

– Edmund Dunch (Whig), Edmund Dunch, English politician (b. 1657)

June

– Charles Le Goux de La Berchère, French prelate (b. 1647) *

– Jean-Baptiste Delaveyne, French monk, priest and religious founder (b. 1653) * June 6 ** Louis Ellies Dupin, French historian and theologian (b. 1657) **

, 10th Mughal Emperor (b. 1699) * June 7 – John Addenbrooke (philanthropist), John Addenbrooke, English doctor and benefactor (b. 1680) *

** Fitzherbert Adams, Academic administrator, clergyman, and benefactor (b. 1651) ** Joseph Addison, English essayist, poet, playwright and politician (b. 1672) *

** Howell Davis, Welsh pirate (b. 1690) ** Thomas Meredyth (died 1719), Thomas Meredyth, Irish soldier and politician (b. 1660) *

– Willem Kerricx, Flemish sculptor (b. 1652) * June 21 ** Jules Louis Bolé, marquis de Chamlay, French diplomat (b. 1650) ** Domingo de Valencia, Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Nueva Caceres (b. 1647) * June 23 – Christopher Wandesford, 2nd Viscount Castlecomer, Member of Parliament (b. 1684) * June 26 – Frederick William I, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck (b. 1682)

July

* July 5 – Samuel Schotten, German rabbi (b. 1644) *

** James Keill, Scottish physician, philosopher, medical writer and translator (b. 1673) ** Johann Ulrich Kraus, Illustrator, engraver and publisher (b. 1655) ** Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, English general (b. 1641) * July 17 – Elinor James, British pamphleteer (b. 1644) * July 19 – Anna Katharina Block, German Baroque (b. 1642) * July 21 ** Robert Clicquot, French pipeorgan builder (b. 1645) ** Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, French princess (b. 1695) * July 22 ** Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford, English lawyer and politician (b. 1649) ** Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, Italian painter and engraver (b. 1654) * July 27 – Cornelis de Graeff II., Lords of Purmerland and Ilpendam (b. 1671) * July 28 – Arp Schnitger, German organ builder (b. 1648) * July 30 – Giambattista Felice Zappi, poet from Italy (b. 1667)

August

* August 2 – Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł (1669–1719), Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Polish prince (b. 1669) * August 3 – Johann Philipp von Greifenclau zu Vollraths, Prince-Bishop of Wurzburg (b. 1652) *

– Date Tsunamura, Japanese daimyō at the center of the Date Sōdō (b. 1659) *

– Richard Farington, English politician (b. 1644) * August 8 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German painter (b. 1667) * August 9 – Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton, English and Scottish politician (b. 1649) *

– Leonard Goffiné, German Catholic priest and writer (b. 1648) * August 14 – Alexander Grant (died 1719), Alexander Grant, Scottish army officer (b. 1674) *

– Heinrich von Cocceji, German scholar (b. 1644) *

– Carl Hildebrand von Canstein, German theologian, jurist and writer (b. 1667) * August 30 – Daniel Cronström, Swedish architect (b. 1655)

September

* September 7 – John Harris (writer), John Harris, English writer, scientist, Anglican priest (b. 1666) * September 8 – Carlo Cignani, Italian painter (b. 1628) * September 16 – Henrich Danckwardt, Swedish military personnel (b. 1670) * September 18 **

, Mughal emperor (b. 1696) ** Johannes Jacobus Rau, German physician (b. 1668) * September 19 ** Frans Anneessens, leader of a Brussels guild, decapitated for involvement in uprisings (b. 1660) ** Jan Weenix, Dutch painter (b. 1642) *

– Johann Heinrich Acker, German historian (b. 1647) * September 22 ** Magdalena Sibylla of Holstein-Gottorp, Duchess of Holstein-Gottorp (b. 1631) ** Hans Schack, 2nd Count of Schackenborg, Danish nobleman (b. 1676) * September 25 – Michel Félibien, French historian and writer (b. 1665) *

– George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662) *

– Jean Orry, French economist (b. 1652)

October

– Margaret Hughes, British actress (b. 1630) *

– Johann Gregor Thalnitscher, Carniolan lawyer, scholar of ancient inscriptions, chronicler, historian (b. 1655) *

– Pierre Remond de Montmort, French mathematician (b. 1678) *

– Charles Louis Bretagne de La Trémoille, French noble (b. 1683) *

** Samuel Jones (academy tutor), Samuel Jones, English Dissenter and tutor (b. 1681) **

, Spanish Field Marshal (b. 1663) *

– Arnold Houbraken, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1660) * October 15 – Jan Mortel, painter from the Northern Netherlands (b. 1652) * October 25 – Catharina Wallenstedt, Swedish writer and courtier (b. 1627) * October 26 – Laurens van der Meulen, Flemish sculptor (b. 1643) * October 27 – François Baert, Belgian hagiographer (b. 1651) *

** Jean Baptiste Bissot, Sieur de Vincennes, French-Canadian explorer and soldier (b. 1668) ** Martinus Nellius, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1621)

November

* November 2 – Georg Johann Mattarnovi, German architect (b.

) * November 3 – Jan Claesz Rietschoof, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1652) * November 8 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician (b. 1652) *

– Oley Douglas, British Member of Parliament (b. 1684) * November 19 – Charles-Claude Genest, French dramatist and playwright (b. 1639) * November 22 – William Talman (architect), William Talman, British architect; (b. 1650) * November 23 – John Mavrocordatos, Phanariote Prince (b. 1684) * November 26 – John Hudson (classicist), John Hudson, English classical scholar (b. 1662) * November 30 – Yamamoto Tsunetomo, Japanese samurai (b. 1659)

December

* December 2 – Pasquier Quesnel, French Jansenist theologian (b. 1634) * December 3 – Adriaen Frans Boudewijns, Flemish painter and engraver (b. 1644) * December 8 – Ulrik Christian Gyldenløve, Count of Samsø, Danish nobleman and admiral (b. 1678) * December 9 – Charles Oliphant, British physician (b. 1666) * December 11 ** Chatan Chōai, sessei of Ryukyu (b. 1650) ** Stefano Cupilli, Roman Catholic Archbishop of Split (b. 1659) * December 15 – Mitford Crowe, English politician (b. 1669) * December 24 – William O'Brien, 3rd Earl of Inchiquin, Irish Earl (b. 1662) * December 28 – Jacob Bobart the Younger, English botanist (b. 1641) * December 29 – Philip of Spain (1712–1719), Philip of Spain, Spanish Royal infante (b. 1712) * December 30 – Lord James Murray, British politician (b. 1663) * December 31 – John Flamsteed, English astronomer and the first Astronomer Royal (b. 1646) * ''date unknown'' ** Robert Clicquot, French organ builder (b. 1645) ** Benjamin Hornigold, English pirate (b. 1680) ** André Raison, French composer and organist (b. 1650) ** Adam Ludwig Lewenhaupt, Swedish general (b. 1659)

References

{{Commons category-inline 1719,