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Sigmund, Pennsylvania
Sigmund is an unincorporated community in Upper Milford Township in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania. Sigmund is located near Perkiomen Creek, a tributary of the Schuylkill River. It is a suburb of Allentown in the Lehigh Valley, which has a population of 861,899 and is the 68th-most populous metropolitan area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census. History 19th century A furnace was located in Sigmund in the early 1800s. The community was first named Hampton, and then Mary Ann, and then Sigmund Furnace prior to settling on Sigmund as its name. A settlement formed around a store in 1872. That same year, a post office called "Sigmund" was established. A school was erected in 1877, and a creamery and home were built in 1886. A meeting of the Hereford Literary Society in 1896 noted that "many new members had come in from Harlem, Sigmund and vicinity". A stone house at the camp from 1871 was previously Sigmund's post office, general store, and hotel. 20th century Sigmund Bible Camp opene ...
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a U.S. state, state spanning the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern United States, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes region, Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, Maryland to its south, West Virginia to its southwest, Ohio and the Ohio River to its west, Lake Erie and New York (state), New York to its north, the Delaware River and New Jersey to its east, and the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario to its northwest via Lake Erie. Pennsylvania's most populous city is Philadelphia. Pennsylvania was founded in 1681 through a royal land grant to William Penn, the son of William Penn (Royal Navy officer), the state's namesake. Before that, between 1638 and 1655, a southeast portion of the state was part of New Sweden, a Swedish Empire, Swedish colony. Established as a haven for religious and political tolerance, the B ...
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East Penn School District
East Penn School District is a large public school district in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. Established in 1952, it was initially known as the East Penn Union School District. East Penn School District serves students from Emmaus, Lower Macungie Township, Macungie, Upper Milford Township, and Alburtis, all located in the Lehigh Valley, the third-largest metropolitan region of Pennsylvania. The district operates Emmaus High School in Emmaus for grades nine through 12, two public middle schools (Eyer Middle School and Lower Macungie Middle School, both located in Lower Macungie Township) for grades six through eight, seven public elementary schools (located in Alburtis, Emmaus, Macungie, and Wescosville) for kindergarten through fifth grade, and one public elementary charter school (Seven Generations Charter School, located in Emmaus). As of the 2023–24 school year, the school district had a total student enrollment of 7, ...
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Macungie, Pennsylvania
Macungie is a borough in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, United States, its second oldest. As of the 2020 census, Macungie had a population of 3,257. Macungie is a suburb of Allentown, and part of the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous metropolitan statistical area in the U.S. as of the 2020 census. History Macungie is derived from "Maguntsche", a place name used as early as 1730 to describe the region that is present-day Macungie and Emmaus, Pennsylvania. "Maguntsche" is a Lenape word, meaning either "bear swamp" or "feeding place of the bears". The borough's current seal depicts a bear coming to drink at water near some cattails. The Valentine Weaver House in Macungie was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Macungie was founded as Millerstown in 1776 by Peter Miller. On November 15, 1857, the village of Millerstown was incorporated as a borough. During Fries's Rebellion in 1800, the U ...
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Emmaus High School
Emmaus High School is a large public high school located in Emmaus, Pennsylvania. The school serves grades 9–12 in Pennsylvania's East Penn School District in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. Emmaus High School is located immediately off Cedar Crest Boulevard, at 500 Macungie Avenue in Emmaus, a borough miles south of Allentown, Pennsylvania. Student population As of the 2023-24 school year, Emmaus High School had a student enrollment of 2,819 students and 193.35 classroom teachers on an FTE basis for a student–teacher ratio of 14.58, according to National Center for Education Statistics data. There were 861 students eligible for free lunch and 84 eligible for reduced cost lunch. Emmaus High School serves students grades nine through 12 from Emmaus, Lower Macungie Township, Macungie, Upper Milford Township, and Alburtis, all located in the Lehigh Valley, the third-largest metropolitan region of Pennsylvania. The school ranks among the top Lehigh V ...
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Iron Furnace
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. ''Blast'' refers to the combustion air being supplied above atmospheric pressure. In a blast furnace, fuel ( coke), ores, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of (sometimes oxygen enriched) air is blown into the lower section of the furnace through a series of pipes called tuyeres, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material falls downward. The end products are usually molten metal and slag phases tapped from the bottom, and flue gases exiting from the top. The downward flow of the ore along with the flux in contact with an upflow of hot, carbon monoxide-rich combustion gases is a countercurrent exchange and chemical reaction process. In contrast, air furnaces (such as reverberatory furnaces) are naturally aspirated, usually by ...
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Coal Bin
A coal bin, coal store or coal bunker is a storage container for coal awaiting use or transportation. This can be either in domestic, commercial or industrial premises, or on a ship or locomotive tender, or at a coal mine or processing plant. Domestic coal bunkers are associated with the use of coal in open fires or for solid-fuel central heating. Free-standing bunkers were commonly made of wood or concrete and are currently sold in materials including plastic or galvanised metal. Coal bins or bunkers could also form an outhouse or be partly or fully underground. Coal bins form or formed part of industrial plants, and were found on steam ships. See also * Tender (rail) A tender is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing its fuel (wood, coal, oil or torrefied biomass) and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so their tenders are ... References {{architecture-stub Semi-subterranean s ...
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Blast Furnace
A blast furnace is a type of metallurgical furnace used for smelting to produce industrial metals, generally pig iron, but also others such as lead or copper. ''Blast'' refers to the combustion air being supplied above atmospheric pressure. In a blast furnace, fuel ( coke), ores, and flux (limestone) are continuously supplied through the top of the furnace, while a hot blast of (sometimes oxygen enriched) air is blown into the lower section of the furnace through a series of pipes called tuyeres, so that the chemical reactions take place throughout the furnace as the material falls downward. The end products are usually molten metal and slag phases tapped from the bottom, and flue gases exiting from the top. The downward flow of the ore along with the flux in contact with an upflow of hot, carbon monoxide-rich combustion gases is a countercurrent exchange and chemical reaction process. In contrast, air furnaces (such as reverberatory furnaces) are naturally aspirated, usu ...
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Lehigh Valley
The Lehigh Valley () is a geography, geographic and urban area, metropolitan region formed by the Lehigh River in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, Lehigh and Northampton County, Pennsylvania, Northampton counties in eastern Pennsylvania. It is a component valley of the Great Appalachian Valley bounded to its north by Blue Mountain (Pennsylvania), Blue Mountain, to its south by South Mountain (Eastern Pennsylvania), South Mountain, to its west by Lebanon Valley, and to its east by the Delaware River and Warren County, New Jersey. The Lehigh Valley is about long and wide. The Lehigh Valley's largest city is Allentown, Pennsylvania, Allentown, the third-largest city in Pennsylvania and the county seat of Lehigh County, with a population of 125,845 residents as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. The Allentown–Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Bethlehem–Easton, Pennsylvania, Easton metropolitan area, which includes the Lehigh Valley, is Pennsylvania's Pennsylvania metropolitan a ...
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Allentown, Pennsylvania
Allentown (Pennsylvania Dutch language, Pennsylvania Dutch: ''Allenschteddel'', ''Allenschtadt'', or ''Ellsdaun'') is a city in eastern Pennsylvania, United States. The county seat of Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, Lehigh County, it is the List of municipalities in Pennsylvania, third-most populous city in Pennsylvania, with a population of 125,845 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census. It is also the most populous city in the Lehigh Valley metropolitan area, which had a population of 861,899 and was the 68th-most populous Metropolitan statistical area, metropolitan area in the nation as of 2020. Founded in 1762, Allentown is located on the Lehigh River, a tributary of the Delaware River. It is the largest of three adjacent cities, including Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, Bethlehem and Easton, Pennsylvania, Easton in Lehigh and Northampton County, Pennsylvania, Northampton counties, in the Lehigh Valley region. Allentown is located north of Philadelphia and west of New Yor ...
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Schuylkill River
The Schuylkill River ( , ) is a river in eastern Pennsylvania. It flows for U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map(). accessed April 1, 2011. from Pottsville, Pennsylvania, Pottsville southeast to Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city, where it joins the Delaware River as one of its largest tributaries. The river's Drainage basin, watershed of about lies entirely within the state of Pennsylvania, stretching from the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians through the Piedmont (United States), Piedmont to the Atlantic Plain. Historically the Schuylkill lay within the territory of the Susquehannock and Lenape peoples. In 1682, William Penn founded the city of Philadelphia between the Schuylkill and Delaware rivers on lands purchased from the Lenape Indian tribe. The Schuylkill River became key in the development of the city and the surrounding region. While long used for transport, the river was made fully navigable via ...
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Perkiomen Creek
Perkiomen Creek is a U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline dataThe National Map accessed April 1, 2011 tributary of the Schuylkill River in Berks, Lehigh, and Montgomery counties in Pennsylvania.Gertler, Edward. ''Keystone Canoeing'', Seneca Press, 2004. Historically, the water course was also named Perquaminck Creek, on Thomas Holme's 1687 map of the region, which was published by William Penn, founder of the colonial-era Province of Pennsylvania. History The Perkiomen Trail was established in 2003 as a partnership with the Montgomery County Planning Commission and local governments to provide a walking, jogging, and biking path along the creek that stretches south from Green Lane Reservoir Park to near the Schuylkill River, where it meets the Schuylkill River Trail. Geography The creek begins in Hereford Township, Berks County, initially flows eastward into Upper Milford Township, Lehigh County, and turns southward to reenter H ...
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Unincorporated Area
An unincorporated area is a parcel of land that is not governed by a local general-purpose municipal corporation. (At p. 178.) They may be governed or serviced by an encompassing unit (such as a county) or another branch of the state (such as the military). There are many unincorporated communities and areas in the United States and Canada, but many countries do not use the concept of an unincorporated area. By country Argentina In Argentina, the provinces of Chubut Province, Chubut, Córdoba Province (Argentina), Córdoba, Entre Ríos Province, Entre Ríos, Formosa Province, Formosa, Neuquén Province, Neuquén, Río Negro Province, Río Negro, San Luis Province, San Luis, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, Santa Cruz, Santiago del Estero Province, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina, Tierra del Fuego, and Tucumán Province, Tucumán have areas that are outside any municipality or commune. Australia Unlike many other countries, Australia has only local go ...
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