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Russian Tsunami Warning System
Russian tsunami warning system (), also known as Russian tsunami warning service (), is a tsunami warning system in the Russian Far East which is operated and maintained by the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences together with the Far Eastern Regional Research Hydrometeorological Institute (). It is subordinated to the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring. The Russian tsunami warning system is known under the Russian acronym FP RSCHS-Tsunami (). History The Russian tsunami warning system development began in 1956 to 1959. This followed the tsunami and damage which occurred during the 1952 Severo-Kurilsk earthquake. After this, a government decree was issued for the organization of a tsunami warning service. Since 1956, the seismic part of the work was carried out by the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk seismic station. In 2003, following the creation of the Unified State System for the Prevention and Elimination of Emergency Situations (RSChS; ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsunami Warning System
A tsunami warning system (TWS) is used to detect tsunamis in advance and issue the warnings to prevent loss of life and damage to property. It is made up of two equally important components: a network of sensors to detect tsunamis and a communications infrastructure to issue timely alarms to permit evacuation of the coastal areas. There are two distinct types of tsunami warning systems: international and regional. When operating, seismic alerts are used to instigate the watches and warnings; then, data from observed sea level height (either shore-based tide gauges or DART buoys) are used to verify the existence of a tsunami. Other systems have been proposed to augment the warning procedures; for example, it has been suggested that the duration and frequency content of t-wave energy (which is earthquake energy trapped in the ocean SOFAR channel) is indicative of an earthquake's tsunami potential. History and forecasting The first rudimentary system to alert communities of an i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poronaysk
Poronaysk (; ; Ainu: ''Sistukari'' or ''Sisi Tukari'') is a town and the administrative center of Poronaysky District of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located on the Poronay River north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Population: History It was founded in 1869 as a Russian outpost Tikhmenevsky near the Nivkh and Ainu settlements in the area. The Treaty of Portsmouth transferred it to Japanese control along with the rest of the southern half of the island of Sakhalin. It was renamed , said to mean "Sisi Tukari (in front of the mountain)" or "Siika (big river)" in the Ainu language, remaining under Japanese control until the Soviet Army retook the whole of the island in 1945. After the town had been granted to the Soviet Union, it was named Poronaysk in 1946, after the river on which it stands. The river's name is from Ainu ''poro nay'', meaning "broad river," "big river," or "growing river." Various Japanese place names such as Horonai (幌内) share the same etymology with Poronaysk. A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Emergency Situations (Russia)
The Ministry of Civil Defence, Emergencies and Disaster Relief (full name in Russian: Министерство Российской Федерации по делам гражданской обороны, чрезвычайным ситуациям и ликвидации последствий стихийных бедствий (МЧС России), English: Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergency Situations and Elimination of the Consequences of Natural Disasters (Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia)), is a Russian government agency overseeing the civil emergency services in Russia. President Boris Yeltsin established EMERCOM on January 10, 1994, though the ministry can be traced back to December 27, 1990, when the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) established the Russian Rescue Corps and assigned it the mission of rapid response to emergencies. History The history of civil defence services in Russia traces to the years of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tsunami
A tsunami ( ; from , ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and underwater explosions (including detonations, landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances) above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami. Unlike normal ocean waves, which are generated by wind, or tides, which are in turn generated by the gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun, a tsunami is generated by the displacement of water from a large event. Tsunami waves do not resemble normal undersea currents or sea waves because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide. For this reason, it is often referred to as a tidal wave, although this usage is not favoured by the scientific community because it might give the false impression of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Warning Systems
A warning system is any system of biological or technical nature deployed by an individual or group to inform of a future Risk, danger. Its purpose is to enable the deployer of the warning system to prepare for the danger and act accordingly to mitigate or avoid it. Warnings cannot be effective unless people react to them. People are more likely to ignore a system that regularly produces false warnings (the The Boy Who Cried Wolf, cry-wolf effect), but reducing the number of false warnings generally also increases the risk of not giving a warning when it is needed. Some warnings are non-specific: for instance, the probability of an earthquake of a certain magnitude in a certain area over the next decade. Such warnings cannot be used to guide short-term precautions such as evacuation. Opportunities to take long-term precautions, such as better building codes and disaster preparedness, may be ignored. Biological warning systems *Aposematism (e.g. warning coloration) *Climate can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian System Of Disaster Management
All-Russian Comprehensive System Information and Warning the Population in Crowded Places (; in acronym ОКСИОН) is Russia's complex system for monitoring, reporting and alerts. It was created in the framework of the Federal Target Program "Risk reduction and mitigation of natural and man-made disasters in the Russian Federation up to 2010". In May 2011, 596 OKSION terminal facilities in 37 data centers were built and put into operation. 2590 Plasmas and 1035 devices, such as "running line" were established. The whole complex is developed and managed by an entity called Integrated Emergency Warning Systems for the Population () known in acronym OOO KSEON (). The system is divided into components dealing with on-street public notification (PUON) and at points located on the premises (pions). They consist of a large plasma or LCD screens, cameras, sound-amplifying equipment, and equipment for radiation and chemical control (PRHK). The system includes mobile complexes for inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Defense In Russia
Civil defense in Russia is the system of measures to protect people and material assets in the Russian Federation in the event of hostilities, natural disasters or technological disasters, as well as the preparation of such measures. These measures include sheltering, evacuation, disguising facilities, first aid and basic residents. The procedure for organizing civil defense is enshrined in the federal laws ''On Civil Defense'' (1998), ''On Protection against Emergencies of Natural and Technogenic Character'' (1994) and ''On Emergency and Rescue Services'' (1995). History For the first time, civil defense events in Russia began to be held during the First World War. The advent of aviation and chemical weapons contributed to striking economic and infrastructure facilities located behind enemy lines. Often, the bombing of cities was carried out in order to intimidate and demoralize the population. Therefore, the military command of the army and authorities began to develop and carr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Search And Rescue In Russia
Search and Rescue in the Russian Federation () is coordinated by the service of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations and includes a set of control bodies, forces and means designed to solve problems in the prevention and response to emergency situations. The basis of the service is search and rescue units. History The modern system of search and rescue was created in accordance with the Order of the Government of Russia of July 28, 1992 No. 528 on the basis of tourist and mountaineering rescue services, points and centers. The Search and Rescue Service is a subordinate institution of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, and is intended to carry out search and rescue operations in emergency situations of a natural and man-made nature. Marine rescue In 1923, the Special Purpose Underwater Expedition (EPRON) was created in the Soviet Union. Until 1931, it was under the jurisdiction of the OGPU, in 1931 it was transferred to the NKPS, in 1936 - to the People's Commissaria ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vodopadnaya
The Vodopadnaya (, lit. "Waterfalls River", formerly: Шиненгоу ''Shinengou'') is a river in Primorsky Krai, in the far eastern region of Russia. Its length is , and its river basin covers . Its mouth is in Nikolayevka, Partizansky District, and its source is in Southern Sikhote-Alin at above sea level. It is a left tributary A tributary, or an ''affluent'', is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (''main stem'' or ''"parent"''), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they ... of the Partizanskaya. References Rivers of Primorsky Krai {{FarEast-Russia-river-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cape Crillon
Cape Crillon (, "Nishinotoro-misaki" (Cape Nishinotoro in Japanese), ) is the southernmost point of Sakhalin. The cape was named by Frenchman Jean-François de La Pérouse, who was the first European to discover it. Cape Sōya, in Japan, is located to the south, across La Pérouse Strait. A Russian weather station, a lighthouse and a military base are all situated at Cape Crillon today. Additionally, the cape is the Russian terminus of the proposed Sakhalin–Hokkaido Tunnel that would connect Japan and Russia by rail. On the western coast of the cape is the rock formation formerly known in Japanese as ''Kinfugan'' (金敷岩, literally "Anvil Rock"). History In 1808, Mamiya Rinzō was dispatched by the Tokugawa shogunate to survey Japanese territory on Sakhalin. Having arrived at the Matsumae domain outpost of Shiranushi on the southern tip of Cape Crillon, he was directed by local Ainu to a place called where the remains of rammed earth walls were found. By the ear ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
