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Psyllidae
Psyllidae, the jumping plant lice or psyllids, are a Family (biology), family of small plant-feeding insects that tend to be very host-specific, i.e. each plant-louse species only feeds on one plant species (monophagous) or feeds on a few closely related plants (oligophagous). Together with aphids, phylloxerans, scale insects and whiteflies, they form the group called Sternorrhyncha, which is considered to be the most "primitive" group within the true bugs (Hemiptera). They have traditionally been considered a single family, Psyllidae, but recent classifications divide the group into a total of Psylloidea#Families, seven families; the present restricted definition still includes more than 70 genera in the Psyllidae. Psyllid fossils have been found from the Cisuralian, Early Permian before the flowering plants evolved. The explosive diversification of the flowering plants in the Cretaceous was paralleled by a massive diversification of associated insects, and many of the morphologi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psylla Alni
''Psylla alni'' is a species of Psyllidae, psyllid, a plant-feeding Hemiptera, hemipteran in the family Psyllidae. It is the type species of ''Psylla'', which is the type genus in its family. Distribution This species is present in the Palearctic realm (from Europe to Siberia and Sakhalin, Kazakhstan, Caucasus) and in the Nearctic realm (Canada and United States of America). Description ''Psylla alni'' can reach a body length of about . These rather large psyllids have a green head, body, and legs, and rather long antennae. The costal marginal veins of the wings are green, while the other veins are brown. Adults are initially green, later becoming orange, brown, or reddish. The nymphs are usually covered by white waxy secretions. In the 5th preimaginal stage nymphs can reach a length of about . Biology Adults can be found from June to October. This species has one generation a year (Voltinism, univoltine) and overwinters as an egg. It is monophagous on most Betulaceae (''Alnu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lerp (biology)
In biology, a lerp is a structure of crystallized honeydew produced by larvae of psyllid bugs as a protective cover. These animals are commonly referred to as lerp insects, of which there are over 300 species in Australia. Lerps are energy rich, consisting mostly of starch, with some proteins and fats. They are eaten by flying foxes ''Pteropus'' (suborder Yinpterochiroptera) is a genus of megabats which are among the largest bats in the world. They are commonly known as fruit bats or flying foxes, among other colloquial names. They live in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Austr ..., possums and birds such as pardalotes and honeyeaters. The word is derived from the Wemba Wemba word ''lerep''. Lerps are traditionally eaten by Indigenous people, and can be stored as dry balls for future use. References * * * * * * * * External links University of California Integrated Pest ManagementLerp Psyllid resources provided by Pacific Coast Arborists and Consultants Insect e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Acizzia
''Acizzia'' is a genus of psyllids belonging to the monotypic subfamily Acizziinae, with a worldwide distribution; it was erected by George Heslop-Harrison in 1961.Heslop-Harrison G (1961) The Arytainini of the subfamily Psyllinae, Hemiptera-Homoptera, family Psyllidae.-II. ''Annals and magazine of natural history'', series 13. 3(31): 417–439. Species primarily feed on ''Acacia'' and ''Albizia'' species in Australia and have become widespread as their host plants are popular garden specimens. Damage to the leaves is generally mild, but economic damage on plantation species is occasionally reported. Species are monophagous or oligophagous, for example: * '' Acizzia acaciaebaileyanae'' is common on ''Acacia baileyana'', * '' Acizzia dodonaeae'' feeds on ''Dodonaea viscosa'', * ''Acizzia jamatonica'' feeds on ''Albizia julibrissin'', * '' Acizzia solanicola'' feeds on the genus ''Solanum'', * '' Acizzia uncatoides'' feeds on ''Acacia melanoxylon'' and some ''Albizia'' species. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Whiteflies
Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They comprise the family Aleyrodidae, the only family in the superfamily Aleyrodoidea. More than 1550 species have been described. Description and taxonomy The Aleyrodidae are a family in the suborder Sternorrhyncha and at present comprise the entire superfamily Aleyrodoidea, related to the superfamily Psylloidea. The family often occurs in older literature as "Aleurodidae", but that is a junior synonym and accordingly incorrect in terms of the international standards for zoological nomenclature. Aleyrodidae are small insects, most species with a wingspan of less than 3 mm and a body length of 1 mm to 2 mm. Many are so small that their size complicates their control in greenhouses because they can only be excluded by screening with very fine mesh; in fact they can enter mesh so fine that many of their natural enemies cannot come in after them, so that unchecked whitefly population ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemiptera
Hemiptera (; ) is an order of insects, commonly called true bugs, comprising more than 80,000 species within groups such as the cicadas, aphids, planthoppers, leafhoppers, assassin bugs, bed bugs, and shield bugs. They range in size from to around , and share a common arrangement of piercing-sucking mouthparts. The name "true bugs" is sometimes limited to the suborder Heteroptera. Entomologists reserve the term ''bug'' for Hemiptera or Heteroptera,Gilbert Waldbauer. ''The Handy Bug Answer Book.'' Visible Ink, 1998p. 1. which does not include other arthropods or insects of other orders such as ants, bees, beetles, or butterflies. In some varieties of English, all terrestrial arthropods (including non-insect arachnids and myriapods) also fall under the colloquial understanding of ''bug''. Many insects with "bug" in their common name, especially in American English, belong to other orders; for example, the lovebug is a fly and the Maybug and ladybug are beetles. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sternorrhyncha
The Sternorrhyncha suborder of the Hemiptera contains the aphids, whitefly, whiteflies, and scale insects, groups which were traditionally included in the now-obsolete order "Homoptera". The name "Sternorrhyncha" refers to the rearward position of the mouthparts relative to the head. Distributed worldwide, all members of this group are herbivore, plant-feeders, many considered Pest (organism), pests feeding on cash crop, major crops and ornamental plants. Many exhibit modified Morphology (biology), morphology and/or Biological life cycle, life cycles, including phenomena such as flightless morphs, parthenogenesis, sexual dimorphism, and eusociality. Phylogeny The phylogeny of the extant Sternorrhyncha, inferred from analysis of small subunit (18S) ribosomal RNA, is shown in the cladogram. The evolutionary position of several fossil taxa are unclear. A suggested phylogeny is: Groups Well-known groups in the Sternorrhyncha include: * aphids – (Aphididae) * woolly and gall ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psylloidea
Psylloidea is a Taxonomic rank, superfamily of Hemiptera, true bugs, including the jumping plant louse, jumping plant lice and others which have recently been classified as distinct families. Though the group first appeared during the Early Jurassic, modern members of the group do not appear until the Eocene, and Mesozoic members of the order are usually assigned to the possibly Paraphyly, paraphyletic family Liadopsyllidae. Families The following Extant taxon, extant families are included:Burckhardt D, Ouvrard D, Percy DM (2021) An updated classification of the jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) integrating molecular and morphological evidence. ''European Journal of Taxonomy'' 736: 137–182DOI/ref> # Aphalaridae (includes Phacopteronidae, now a subfamily) # Calophyidae # Carsidaridae (includes Homotominae) # Liviidae # Mastigimatidae # Psyllidae # Triozidae In addition, the following extinct families are recognised: * †Liadopsyllidae * †Malmopsyllidae * †Neop ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
