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PAR Special
The PAR Special was a high-speed experimental monoplane built by a consortium of aviation engineers, and competed in air races in the early 1950s. Design and development The Special was a project of four St. Louis-based McDonnell Aircraft employees; Arthur Beckington, George Owl, Errol Painter, and Robert Short. They formed a partnership called Parks Alumni Racebuilders, or PAR, named as a tribute to the Parks Air College that all four had graduated from. The Special was a shoulder-wing single-engine pusher monoplane, of wood and metal construction. It incorporated a variable-incidence wing, with a jackscrew A jackscrew, or screw jack, is a type of jack that is operated by turning a leadscrew. It is commonly used to lift moderate and heavy weights, such as vehicles; to raise and lower the horizontal stabilizers of aircraft; and as adjustable suppor ... mechanism allowing the wing to be adjusted in flight, with the angle of incidence covering the range from 0.5 through ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mace-Trefethen Seamaster
The Mace-Trefethen Seamaster is an American single seat seaplane racer. Design and development The Seamaster was built by Alfred and Thomas Trefethen and Harvey Mace, using components from the PAR Special pusher monoplane. It is a single place, mid-wing seaplane with a Y tail layout and a single fuselage The fuselage (; from the French language, French ''fuselé'' "spindle-shaped") is an aircraft's main body section. It holds Aircrew, crew, passengers, or cargo. In single-engine aircraft, it will usually contain an Aircraft engine, engine as wel ...-mounted float. The pusher propeller configuration of the PAR Special was modified to that of a conventional tractor layout. Specifications (Seamaster) References {{reflist, refs= {{cite journal, journal=Air Trails, title=Seamaster, date=Summer 1971, page=40 {{cite web , last=Fortier , first=Rénald , title=Do you remember Joan Trefethen? I do, I do!, Part 1 , url=https://ingeniumcanada.org/channel/articles/do-you-rem ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flat-four
A flat-four engine, also known as a horizontally opposed-four engine or boxer engine, is a four-cylinder piston engine with two banks of cylinders lying on opposite sides of a common crankshaft. The most common type of flat-four engine is the boxer-four engine, each pair of opposed pistons moves inwards and outwards at the same time. A boxer-four engine has perfect primary and secondary balance, however, the two cylinder heads means the design is more expensive to produce than a straight-four engine. There is a minor, secondary unbalanced rotational torque pulse in the plane of the pistons, when a piston pair at one end of the engine is at TDC and the other pair at BDC. The TDC pair creates a torque greater than the BDC pair, so the net unbalanced torque pulse is the difference. The difference in TDC vs BDC inertial forces is explained in the Engine balance section. Boxer-four engines have been used in cars since 1897, especially by Volkswagen and Subaru. They have also occasional ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mid-engined Aircraft
In automotive engineering, a mid-engine layout describes the placement of an automobile engine in front of the rear-wheel axles, but behind the front axle. History The mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive format can be considered the original layout of automobiles. A 1901 Autocar was the first gasoline-powered automobile to use a drive shaft and placed the engine under the seat. This pioneering vehicle is now in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution. Benefits Mounting the engine in the middle instead of the front of the vehicle puts more weight over the rear tires, so they have more traction and provide more assistance to the front tires in braking the vehicle, with less chance of rear-wheel lockup and less chance of a skid or spin out. If the mid-engine vehicle is also rear-drive the added weight on the rear tires can also improve acceleration on slippery surfaces, providing much of the benefit of all-wheel-drive without the added weight and expense of all-wheel-drive comp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft With Fixed Bicycle Landing Gear
An aircraft ( aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to flight, fly by gaining support from the Atmosphere of Earth, air. It counters the force of gravity by using either Buoyancy, static lift or the Lift (force), dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, in a few cases, direct Powered lift, downward thrust from its engines. Common examples of aircraft include airplanes, rotorcraft (including helicopters), airships (including blimps), Glider (aircraft), gliders, Powered paragliding, paramotors, and hot air balloons. Part 1 (Definitions and Abbreviations) of Subchapter A of Chapter I of Title 14 of the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations states that aircraft "means a device that is used or intended to be used for flight in the air." The human activity that surrounds aircraft is called ''aviation''. The science of aviation, including designing and building aircraft, is called ''aeronautics.'' Aircrew, Crewed aircraft are flown by an onboard Aircraft pilot, pilot, whereas unmanned aerial vehicles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft First Flown In 1950
An aircraft ( aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to fly by gaining support from the air. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, in a few cases, direct downward thrust from its engines. Common examples of aircraft include airplanes, rotorcraft (including helicopters), airships (including blimps), gliders, paramotors, and hot air balloons. Part 1 (Definitions and Abbreviations) of Subchapter A of Chapter I of Title 14 of the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations states that aircraft "means a device that is used or intended to be used for flight in the air." The human activity that surrounds aircraft is called ''aviation''. The science of aviation, including designing and building aircraft, is called ''aeronautics.'' Crewed aircraft are flown by an onboard pilot, whereas unmanned aerial vehicles may be remotely controlled or self-controlled by onboard computers. Aircraft may be classified by different criteria, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1950s United States Experimental Aircraft
Year 195 ( CXCV) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in Rome as the Year of the Consulship of Scrapula and Clemens (or, less frequently, year 948 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 195 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus has the Roman Senate deify the previous emperor Commodus, in an attempt to gain favor with the family of Marcus Aurelius. * King Vologases V and other eastern princes support the claims of Pescennius Niger. The Roman province of Mesopotamia rises in revolt with Parthian support. Severus marches to Mesopotamia to battle the Parthians. * The Roman province of Syria is divided and the role of Antioch is diminished. The Romans annex the Syrian cities of Edessa and Nisibis. Severus re-establishes his headquarters and the colonies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesher Teal
The Lesher Teal is a home built experimental aircraft that at one point held seven Federation Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) class is C-l.a records for speed and distance. Design and development The Teal was designed to beat the Federation Aeronautique Internationale (FAI) class is C-l.a records for speed and distance. Construction started in 1962. The aircraft was configured as an all-aluminum single-place aircraft with retractable landing gear, powered by a 100 hp Continental O-200 engine driving a 64-inch Hartzell ground-adjustable propeller. By 28 April 1965, the airframe was complete. On that day, Lesher made the aircraft's first flight at Willow Run Airport. That August, he flew Teal to the 1965 EAA Fly-In in Rockford, Illinois, where he won an award from the EAA for his achievements. Operational history After two years of testing the Teal, Lesher flew the aircraft, on 22 May 1967, to a new 500 km closed-course Class C1a speed record of 181.55 mph. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lesher Nomad
The Lesher Nomad is an innovative two-place homebuilt aircraft. Design and development Designer Edgar J Lesher had previously worked at Stinson Aircraft Company in Wayne, Michigan on the Stinson 106 Skycoach. The Skycoach was a four-place aircraft with a pusher propeller, a configuration which captured Lesher's imagination. In August 1958, he attended one of the early Experimental Aircraft Association Fly-Ins. The homebuilt aircraft he saw there inspired him to design one himself. Remembering the Skycoach, he began the design of an all-aluminum two-place, side-by-side, pusher propeller aircraft. Construction began in February 1959. In October 1961, after 5,000 hours of construction, he first flew his aircraft, the Lesher Nomad (N1066Z) at Willow Run Airport in Ypsilanti, Michigan. A novel design feature was his use of a Dodge Flexidyne Coupling in the drive train to dampen torsional vibrations. The aircraft was powered by a 100 hp Continental O-200 engine driving a 7 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Allenbaugh Grey Ghost
The Grey Ghost was a high-speed experimental monoplane built by Ed Allenbaugh, and intended to compete in the 1948 Goodyear Trophy. Design and development The Grey Ghost was a shoulder-wing single-engine pusher monoplane, designed by Paul Schaupp and constructed by Ed Allenbaugh. It was notable for its small frontal area, with the fuselage measuring just wide and deep. The wings were cantilevered and had a tapered planform, with no dihedral. The pilot, positioned ahead of the wing, lay in an almost fully supine position. A centrally located Continental C85 engine powered, via an extension-shaft, a two-bladed fixed-pitch propeller that was positioned just aft of the empennage. The aircraft had a conventional tailplane, but an inverted tailfin that ensured that the propeller had sufficient ground clearance. It was equipped with a conventional fixed undercarriage. The aircraft was painted white, with the race number 66 and the registration mark N23C being painted in red. Op ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Continental O-190
The Continental O-190 (Company designations C75 and C85) is a series of engines made by Continental Motors beginning in the 1940s. Of flat-four configuration, the engines produced 75 hp (56 kW) or 85 hp (63 kW) respectively.Teledyne Continental Motors: ''Continental Aircraft Engine Operator's Manual'', pages 4-5. Teledyne Continental Motors, FAA Approved December 1980. Continental Form No. X30012 The two variants shared the same bore, stroke and compression ratio. The C85 produced ten extra horsepower by virtue of having a maximum permissible rpm of 2575 versus the 2275 of the C75. The C75 was in production from 1943 to 1952 and the C85 from 1944 to 1970. Variants C75 ;C75-8: ;C75-8: ;C75-8F: ;C75-8FH: ;C75-8FHJ: ;C75-8FJ: ;C75-8J: ;C75-12: ;C75-12F: ;C75-12FH: ;C75-12FHJ: ;C75-12FJ: ;C75-12J: ;C75-12B: ;C75-12BF: ;C75-12BFH: ;C75-15: ;C75-15F: C85 ;C85-8: ;C85-8F: ;C85-8FHJ: ;C85-8FJ: ;C85-8J: ;C85-12: ;C85-12F: ;C85-12FH: ;C85-12FHJ: ;C85-12FJ: ;C85-12J: ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
McDonnell Aircraft Corporation
The McDonnell Aircraft Corporation was an American aerospace manufacturer based in St. Louis, Missouri. The company was founded on July 6, 1939, by James Smith McDonnell, and was best known for its military fighters, including the F-4 Phantom II, and crewed spacecraft including the Mercury capsule and Gemini capsule. McDonnell Aircraft later merged with the Douglas Aircraft Company to form McDonnell Douglas in 1967. History James McDonnell founded J.S. McDonnell & Associates in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in 1928 to produce a small aircraft for family use.J.S. McDonnell & Associates, Early years: 1927-1938 (part 1) , Boeing.com. The economic depression from 1929 ruined his plans and the company collapsed. He went to work for [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trapezoidal Wing
In aeronautics, a trapezoidal wing is a straight-edged and tapered wing planform. It may have any aspect ratio and may or may not be swept.G. Dimitriadis; ''Aircraft Design'Lecture 2: Aerodynamics Université de Liège. (retrieved 30 November 2015) The thin, unswept, short-span, low-aspect-ratio trapezoidal configuration offers some advantages for high-speed flight and has been used on a small number of aircraft types. In this wing configuration, the leading edge sweeps back and the trailing edge sweeps forward.Gunston, Bill. ''Jane's Aerospace Dictionary''. London, England. Jane's Publishing Company Ltd, 1980. , Page 436. It can provide low aerodynamic drag at high speeds, while maintaining high strength and stiffness. It was used successfully during the early days of supersonic aircraft. Design principles Any wing with straight leading and trailing edges and with differing root and tip chords is a trapezoid, whether or not it is swept.Tom Benson''Wing Area'' NASA (retrieved ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
