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Ondatrini
Ondatrini is a tribe of semiaquatic rodents in the family Arvicolinae. They are known as muskrats. They are related to voles and lemmings. Classification It contains two extant species, each in their own genus, both of which are native to North America: * Genus '' Neofiber'' ** Round-tailed muskrat, ''N. alleni'' * Genus '' Ondatra'' ** Muskrat, ''O. zibethicus'' Of these, the muskrat (''O. zibethicus'') is found throughout North America aside from the warmer or drier regions, and has been introduced to Eurasia. The round-tailed muskrat (''N. alleni'') is only found in Florida and adjacent Georgia, just outside of the range of ''O. zibethicus''. Some authorities place both genera in different tribes (Ondatrini for ''Ondatra'', Neofibrini for ''Neofiber''), but the American Society of Mammalogists places both in Ondatrini, and some molecular evidence supports a close relation between both genera. Some phylogenetic evidence indicates that Balkan snow vole (''Dinaromys b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voles And Lemmings
The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae (comprising the hamsters and New World rats and mice). Some authorities place the subfamily Arvicolinae in the family Muridae along with all other members of the superfamily Muroidea. Some refer to the subfamily as the Microtinae (yielding the adjective "microtine") or rank the taxon as a full family, the Arvicolidae. The Arvicolinae are the most populous group of Rodentia in the Northern Hemisphere. They often are found in fossil occlusions of bones cached by past predators such as owls and other birds of prey. Fossils of this group are often used for biostratigraphic dating of paleontological and archeological sites in North America and Europe. Description The most convenient distinguishing feature of the Arvicolinae is the nature of their molar teeth, which have prismatic cusps in the shape of alternat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dicrostonychini
Dicrostonychini is a tribe of lemmings in the subfamily Arvicolinae. It contains only one extant genus, as well as one extinct genus. A 2021 study found Dicrostonychini to also include the genera previously placed in the tribe Phenacomyini, and found this combined Dicrostonychini to be the sister group to the muskrats (tribe Ondatrini). References Dicrostonychini, Voles and lemmings Taxa named by Miklós Kretzoi Mammal tribes {{arvicolinae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arvicolinae
The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae (comprising the hamsters and New World rats and mice). Some authorities place the subfamily Arvicolinae in the family Muridae along with all other members of the superfamily Muroidea. Some refer to the subfamily as the Microtinae (yielding the adjective "microtine") or rank the taxon as a full family, the Arvicolidae. The Arvicolinae are the most populous group of Rodentia in the Northern Hemisphere. They often are found in fossil occlusions of bones cached by past predators such as owls and other birds of prey. Fossils of this group are often used for biostratigraphic dating of paleontological and archeological sites in North America and Europe. Description The most convenient distinguishing feature of the Arvicolinae is the nature of their molar teeth, which have prismatic cusps in the shape of alternat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vole
Voles are small rodents that are relatives of lemmings and hamsters, but with a stouter body; a longer, hairy tail; a slightly rounder head; smaller eyes and ears; and differently formed molars (high-crowned with angular cusps instead of low-crowned with rounded cusps). They are sometimes known as meadow mice or field mice. Vole species form the subfamily Arvicolinae with the lemmings and the muskrats. There are approximately 155 different vole species. Description Voles are small rodents that grow to , depending on the species. Females can have five to ten litters per year, though with an average lifespan of three months and requiring one month to adulthood, two litters is the norm. Gestation lasts for three weeks and the young voles reach sexual maturity in a month. As a result of this biological exponential growth, vole populations can grow very large within a short time. One mating pair can produce 100 offspring every year. Voles outwardly resemble several other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lemming
A lemming is a small rodent, usually found in or near the Arctic in tundra biomes. Lemmings form the subfamily Arvicolinae (also known as Microtinae) together with voles and muskrats, which form part of the superfamily Muroidea, which also includes rats, mice, hamsters and gerbils. A longstanding myth holds that they exhibit herd mentality and jump off cliffs, committing mass suicide. Description and habitat Lemmings measure around in length and weigh around . Lemmings are quite rounded in shape, with brown and black, long, soft fur. They have a very short tail, a stubby, hairy snout, short legs and small ears. They have a flattened claw on the first digit of their front feet, which helps them to dig in the snow. They are herbivorous, feeding mostly on mosses and grasses. They also forage through the snow surface to find berries, leaves, shoots, roots, bulbs, and lichens. Lemmings choose their preferred dietary vegetation disproportionately to its occurrence in their habi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Balkan Snow Vole
The Balkan snow vole (''Dinaromys bogdanovi''), also known as Martino's snow vole, is the only living member of the genus ''Dinaromys''. The genus name means "Dinaric mouse", referring to the Dinaric Alps, as the species is endemic to the western Balkans of southeast Europe. Eight subspecies of this vole have been recognized, although in 2022 this number was reduced to two subspecies. The Balkan snow vole is a living fossil, the only living species in the tribe Pliomyini, and might arguably better be placed in '' Pliomys'', a genus established for its fossil relatives even before the Balkan snow vole was scientifically described. It was described by husband and wife mammalogists Vladimir Emmanuilovich Martino and Evgeniya Veniaminovna Martino. Others have argued that ''Pliomys'' (whose last representative, '' P. lenki'', only became extinct around 12,000 years ago) should be treated as entirely separate from ''Dinaromys'', with ''Dinaromys'' and ''P. lenki'' estimated to hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa Named By John Edward Gray
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion, especially in the context of rank-based (" Linnaean") nomenclature (much less so under phylogenetic nomenclature). If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were presumably set forth in prehistoric times by hunter-gatherers, as suggested by the fairly sophisticated folk taxonomies. Much later, Aristotle, and later sti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phenacomyini
Phenacomyini is a Tribe (biology), tribe of Vole, voles in the subfamily Arvicolinae. It contains five species in two genera, all of which are found in North America. Species in this tribe are: * Genus ''Arborimus'' - tree voles ** White-footed vole, ''A. albipes'' ** Red tree vole, ''A. longicaudus'' ** Sonoma tree vole, ''A. pomo'' * Genus ''Phenacomys'' - heather voles ** Western heather vole, ''P. intermedius'' ** Eastern heather vole, ''P. ungava'' The fossil taxa ''Hibbardomys'' and ''Paraphenacomys'' likely also belong to this tribe. The phylogenetic affinities of this tribe have been disputed; some authors have classified them as belonging in the same clade as Arvicolini and Myodini, while others ally them with the otherwise Arctic tribe Dicrostonychini and place them outside the clade containing other voles. A 2021 phylogenetic study found Phenacomyini to form a sister group to Dicrostonychini and synonymized it with them. References Voles and lemmings Mammal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sister Group
In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and taxon B are sister groups to each other. Taxa A and B, together with any other extant or extinct descendants of their most recent common ancestor (MRCA), form a monophyletic group, the clade AB. Clade AB and taxon C are also sister groups. Taxa A, B, and C, together with all other descendants of their MRCA form the clade ABC. The whole clade ABC is itself a subtree of a larger tree which offers yet more sister group relationships, both among the leaves and among larger, more deeply rooted clades. The tree structure shown connects through its root to the rest of the universal tree of life. In cladistic standards, taxa A, B, and C may represent specimens, species, genera, or any other taxonomic units. If A and B are at the same taxono ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pliomys
''Pliomys'' is an extinct genus of voles, subfamily Arvicolinae, tribe Pliomyini.Musser, G. G. and M. D. Carleton. 2005. Superfamily Muroidea. pp. 894–1531 ''in'' Mammal Species of the World a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder eds. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. The genus is known from fossils found across Europe. The earliest fossils date to the Early Pleistocene (or possibly Late Pliocene) with one species, ''P. lenki'' (which is possibly synonymous with ''Pliomys coronensis''), surviving to the end of the Late Pleistocene, until around 12,000 years ago in southern France and the Iberian Peninsula. Morphological evidence and DNA sequences obtained from ''P. lenki'' suggests that its closest living relative is the genus '' Dinaromys'' with a single species native to the Balkans The Balkans ( , ), corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
