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Nitrospirota
The Nitrospirota are a phylum of bacteria. They include multiple genera such as '' Nitrospira'', the largest. History of knowledge The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, '' Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. '' Nitrospira inopinata'' was discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Metabolism Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria: '' Nitrospira inopinata''. '' Dissulfurispira thermophila'' ( Thermodesulfovibrionia) grows by disproportionation of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Magnetomicrobium" Zhang et al. 2021 * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Thermomagnetovibrio" Lefèvre et al. 2010 * Class Nit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospiria
The Nitrospirota are a phylum of bacteria. They include multiple genera such as ''Nitrospira'', the largest. History of knowledge The first member of this phylum, ''Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. ''Nitrospira inopinata'' was discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Metabolism Nitrospirota contains Nitrifying bacteria, nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and Comammox, commamox bacteria: ''Nitrospira inopinata''. ''Dissulfurispira thermophila'' (Dissulfurispiraceae, Thermodesulfovibrionia) grows by disproportionation of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Magnetomicrobium" Zhang et al. 2021 * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Thermomagnetov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospirales
The Nitrospirota are a phylum of bacteria. They include multiple genera such as '' Nitrospira'', the largest. History of knowledge The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. '' Nitrospira inopinata'' was discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Metabolism Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria: '' Nitrospira inopinata''. '' Dissulfurispira thermophila'' ( Thermodesulfovibrionia) grows by disproportionation of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Magnetomicrobium" Zhang et al. 2021 * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Thermomagnetovibrio" Lefèvre et al. 2010 * Class Nitros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospiraceae
The Nitrospirota are a phylum of bacteria. They include multiple genera such as ''Nitrospira'', the largest. History of knowledge The first member of this phylum, '' Nitrospira marina'', was discovered in 1985. The second member, ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'', was discovered in 1995. '' Nitrospira inopinata'' was discovered in 2015 and cultivated in 2017. Metabolism Nitrospirota contains nitrifying taxa which oxidize nitrite to nitrate (nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, NOB) and commamox bacteria: '' Nitrospira inopinata''. '' Dissulfurispira thermophila'' ( Thermodesulfovibrionia) grows by disproportionation of thiosulfate or elemental sulfur. Phylogeny Taxonomy The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LSPN) and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Magnetomicrobium" Zhang et al. 2021 * Genus ?"''Candidatus'' Thermomagnetovibrio" Lefèvre et al. 2010 * Class Nitrosp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrifying Bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria are chemolithotrophic organisms that include species of genera such as '' Nitrosomonas'', '' Nitrosococcus'', '' Nitrobacter'', '' Nitrospina'', '' Nitrospira'' and '' Nitrococcus''. These bacteria get their energy from the oxidation of inorganic nitrogen compounds. Types include ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Many species of nitrifying bacteria have complex internal membrane systems that are the location for key enzymes in nitrification: ammonia monooxygenase (which oxidizes ammonia to hydroxylamine), hydroxylamine oxidoreductase (which oxidizes hydroxylamine to nitric oxide - which is further oxidized to nitrite by a currently unidentified enzyme), and nitrite oxidoreductase (which oxidizes nitrite to nitrate). Ecology Nitrifying bacteria are present in distinct taxonomical groups and are found in highest numbers where considerable amounts of ammonia are present (such as areas with extensive protein decomposition ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bacteria
Bacteria (; : bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one Cell (biology), biological cell. They constitute a large domain (biology), domain of Prokaryote, prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit the air, soil, water, Hot spring, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste, and the deep biosphere of Earth's crust. Bacteria play a vital role in many stages of the nutrient cycle by recycling nutrients and the nitrogen fixation, fixation of nitrogen from the Earth's atmosphere, atmosphere. The nutrient cycle includes the decomposition of cadaver, dead bodies; bacteria are responsible for the putrefaction stage in this process. In the biological communities surrounding hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, extremophile bacteria provide the nutrients needed to sustain life by converting dissolved compounds, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Marina
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al., isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named '' Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod in the United States), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, agricultural lands and hot springs. ''Nitrospira'' is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Inopinata
''Nitrospira inopinata'' is a bacterium from the phylum Nitrospirota. This phylum contains nitrite-oxidizing bacteria playing role in nitrification. However ''N. inopinata'' was shown to perform complete ammonia oxidation to nitrate thus being the first comammox bacterium to be discovered. ''N. inopinata'' was cultivated in enrichment culture. Initial inoculum was obtained in 2011 from microbial biofilm growing on metal surface of the pipe covered by hot water (56 °C, pH 7.5), which was raised from 1 200m deep oil exploration well. The well was located in Aushiger, North Caucasus, Russia. The growth in pure culture was achieved in 2017. Genome of ''N. inopinata'' was released in 2015 represented by 3.3 Mbp, with 3 116 genes and 59.2% GC content. NCBI The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It is approved and funded by the government of the United St ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira
''Nitrospira'' (from Latin: nitro, meaning "nitrate" and Greek: spira, meaning "spiral") is a genus of bacteria within the monophyletic clade of the Nitrospirota phylum. The first member of this genus was described 1986 by Watson et al., isolated from the Gulf of Maine. The bacterium was named '' Nitrospira marina''. Populations were initially thought to be limited to marine ecosystems, but it was later discovered to be well-suited for numerous habitats, including activated sludge of wastewater treatment systems, natural biological marine settings (such as the Seine River in France and beaches in Cape Cod in the United States), water circulation biofilters in aquarium tanks, terrestrial systems, fresh and salt water ecosystems, agricultural lands and hot springs. ''Nitrospira'' is a ubiquitous bacterium that plays a role in the nitrogen cycle by performing nitrite oxidation in the second step of nitrification. ''Nitrospira'' live in a wide array of environments including but not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nitrospira Moscoviensis
''Nitrospira moscoviensis'' was the second bacterium classified under the most diverse nitrite-oxidizing bacteria phylum, ''Nitrospirae''. It is a gram-negative, non-motile, facultative lithoauthotropic bacterium that was discovered in Moscow, Russia in 1995. The genus name, '' Nitrospira'', originates from the prefix “nitro” derived from nitrite, the microbe’s electron donor and “spira” meaning coil or spiral derived from the microbe’s shape. The species name, ''moscoviensis'', is derived from Moscow, where the species was first discovered. ''N. moscoviensis'' could potentially be used in the production of bio-degradable polymers. History In 1995, Silke Ehrich discovered ''Nitrospira moscoviensis'' in a sample taken from an eroded iron pipe. The pipe was a part of a heating system in Moscow, Russia. The rust was transferred to a culture where cells could be isolated. For optimum growth, Ehrich and her team cultivated the cells on a mineral salt medium at a temper ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylum
In biology, a phylum (; : phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below Kingdom (biology), kingdom and above Class (biology), class. Traditionally, in botany the term division (taxonomy), division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 31 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta. General description The term phylum was coined in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel from the Greek (, "race, stock"), related to (, "tribe, clan"). Haeckel noted that species constantly evolved into new species that seemed to retain few consistent features among themselves and therefore few features that distinguishe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
The All-Species Living Tree Project
The All-Species Living Tree' Project is a collaboration between various academic groups/institutes, such as ARB, SILVA rRNA database project, and LPSN, with the aim of assembling a database of 16S rRNA sequences of all validly published species of ''Bacteria'' and ''Archaea''. At one stage, 23S sequences were also collected, but this has since stopped. Currently there are over 10,950 species in the aligned dataset and several more are being added either as new species are discovered or species that are not represented in the database are sequenced. Initially the latter group consisted of 7% of species. Similar (and more recent) projects include the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA), which focused on whole genome sequencing of bacteria and archaea. Tree The tree was created by maximum likelihood analysis without bootstrap: consequently accuracy is traded off for size and many phylum level clades are not correctly resolved (such as the Firmicutes). (Eukaryote ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Prokaryotic Names With Standing In Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. The database was curated from 1997 to June 2013 by Jean P. Euzéby. From July 2013 to January 2020, LPSN was curated by Aidan C. Parte. In February 2020, a new version of LPSN was published as a service of the Leibniz Institute DSMZ, thereby also integrating the Prokaryotic Nomenclature Up-to-date service and since 2022 LPSN is interconnected with the Type (Strain) Genome Server (TYGS), DSMZ's high-throughput platform for accurate genome-based taxonomy. See also * Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Described from Sequence Data References External links List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
