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Naiadolina
''Naiadolina'' is an agaric fungal genus that produces striking, yellowish fruit bodies on sedges (''Scirpus'' and ''Dulichium'') in wetlands in eastern Canada. The lamellae are merulioid, forked and anastomosing. The type species was previously classified as a ''Marasmius'' in the Marasmiaceae, but phylogenetically, ''Naiadolina flavomerulina'' is in the Physalacriaceae sister to the genus ''Cryptomarasmius''. Etymology The name ''Naiadolina'' is an allusion to the naiad In Greek mythology, the naiads (; ), sometimes also hydriads, are a type of female spirit, or nymph, presiding over fountains, wells, springs, streams, brooks and other bodies of fresh water. They are distinct from river gods, who embodied ...s or water nymphs in reference to the wetland habitat. References External links MycoQuebec photo of ''Naiadolina flavomerulina''* ''Naiadolina flavomerulina'' mislabelled. * ''Naiadolina flavomerulina'' unnamed. ''Naiadolina flavomerulina'' Red List {{Taxon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Physalacriaceae
The Physalacriaceae are a family of fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ... in the order Agaricales. Species in the family have a widespread distribution, ranging from the Arctic, (''Rhizomarasmius''), to the tropics, e.g. ''Gloiocephala'', and from marine sites (''Mycaureola'') and fresh waters (''Gloiocephala'') to semiarid forests (''Xerula''). Description Most species in the Physalacriaceae form basidiocarp, fruit bodies with pileus (mycology), caps and stipe (mycology), stipes. They have a monomitic hyphal system (wherein only generative hypha are produced), and clamp connections are present in the hyphae. Basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped with two to four sterigmata. The basidiospores generally have ellipsoidal, spindle-like (fusiform), cylindric ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cryptomarasmius
''Cryptomarasmius'' is a genus of fungi in the family Physalacriaceae. Taxonomy The genus covers species formerly placed in ''Marasmius'', section (botany), section ''Hygrometrici''. The section ''Hygrometrici'' was described in 1933 by French mycologist Robert Kühner (as "Hygrometriceae") to contain ''Marasmius'' species that were small with a dark, wiry stipe (mycology), stipe, lamella (mycology), gills not arranged in a collar around the stipe, and a dark pileus (mycology), cap with a layer of broom cells. The type species is ''Cryptomarasmius corbariensis'' (formerly ''Marasmius corbariensis'' and originally ''Agaricus androsaceus'' var. ''hygrometricus'', first described in 1852 by Vincenzo Briganti). ''Cryptomarasmius'' combines the words ''crypto'' meaning "hidden" and ''Marasmius'', alluding to the historical placement of the species within ''Marasmius'' as well as the often hidden, minute fruit bodies they produce. A more recent studies show ''Cryptomarasmius'' to be a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fungus
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the kingdom (biology)#Six kingdoms (1998), traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of motility, mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Merulioid
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Fungi Of North America
A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one of the traditional eukaryotic kingdoms, along with Animalia, Plantae, and either Protista or Protozoa and Chromista. A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi do not photosynthesize. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the ''Eumycota'' (''true fungi'' or ''Eum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Naiad
In Greek mythology, the naiads (; ), sometimes also hydriads, are a type of female spirit, or nymph, presiding over fountains, wells, springs, streams, brooks and other bodies of fresh water. They are distinct from river gods, who embodied rivers, and the very ancient spirits that inhabited the still waters of marshes, ponds and lagoon-lakes such as pre- Mycenaean Lerna in the Argolis. Etymology The Greek word is ( ), plural ( ). It derives from (), "to flow", or (), "body of flowing water". Mythology Naiads were often the object of archaic local cults, worshipped as essential to humans. Boys and girls at coming-of-age ceremonies dedicated their childish locks to the local naiad of the spring. In places like Lerna their waters' ritual cleansings were credited with magical medical properties. Animals were ritually drowned there. Oracles might be situated by ancient springs. Naiads could be dangerous: Hylas of the '' Argo''’s crew was lost when he was taken by n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmiaceae
The Marasmiaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order (biology), order Agaricales. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies) are most frequently agarics (gilled mushrooms), but occasionally cyphelloid (in the genus ''Cellypha''). According to a 2008 estimate, the family contained 54 genera and 1590 species, but Molecular phylogenetics, molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has led to a more restricted family concept, so that the Marasmiaceae included just 13 genera, and some 1205 species. It was reduced further down in 2020, to 10 genera and about 700 species. Genera As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020; *''Amyloflagellula'' (4) *''Brunneocorticium'' (1) *''Campanella (fungus), Campanella'' (ca. 39) *''Chaetocalathus'' (ca. 20) *''Crinipellis'' (ca. 65) *''Hymenogloea'' (1) *''Marasmius'' (ca. 600) *''Moniliophthora'' (7) *''Neocampanella'' (1) *''Tetrapyrgos'' (18) See also *List of Agaricales families References * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Marasmius
''Marasmius'' is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Marasmiaceae. It contains about 500 species of agarics, of which a few, such as '' Marasmius oreades'', are edible. However, most members of this genus are small, unimpressive brown mushrooms. Their humble appearance contributes to their not being readily distinguishable to non-specialists, and they are therefore seldom collected by mushroom hunters. Several of the species are known to grow in the characteristic fairy ring pattern. The author of the genus was Elias Magnus Fries, who in 1838 classified white-spored agarics having a tough central stipe in this taxon if they were marcescent, i.e. they could dry out but later revive when moistened. For Fries, marcescence—by contrast with the " putrescent" (decomposing) nature of most mushrooms—was an important character for classification, which he used to separate this group from genus '' Collybia'' (which has now been split into many newer gener ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Type Species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological Type (biology), type wiktionary:en:specimen, specimen (or specimens). Article 67.1 A similar concept is used for suprageneric groups and called a type genus. In botanical nomenclature, these terms have no formal standing under the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, code of nomenclature, but are sometimes borrowed from zoological nomenclature. In botany, the type of a genus name is a specimen (or, rarely, an illustration) which is also the type of a species name. The species name with that type can also be referred to as the type of the genus name. Names of genus and family ranks, the various subdivisions of those ranks, and some higher-rank names based on genus names, have suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dulichium (genus)
''Dulichium'' is a monotypic genus of sedge containing the single species ''Dulichium arundinaceum'', which is known by the common name threeway sedge. This is an aquatic or semi-aquatic plant of the lakes, streams, and ponds of the United States and Canada. It has a wide distribution across the two countries, though noticeably absent from the Dakotas and from the Southwestern Deserts. ''Dulichium arundinaceum'' has a thick rhizome system and grows to heights approaching a meter. It is reminiscent of bamboo in appearance when new, growing bright green erect stalks in large, grassy stands. Stems are round to slightly triangular in cross-section (though not nearly as angularly triangular as in ''Cyperus'' or ''Carex''), and hollow. The leaves are in three ranks along the stem when seen from above (thus the common name "threeway sedge"), with sheaths along the stems, and the inflorescence grows from the leaf axilla. The spikelets are generally lance-shaped and one to three centimet ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lamella (mycology)
In mycology, a lamella (: lamellae), or gill, is a papery hymenophore rib under the cap of some mushroom species, most often agarics. The gills are used by the mushrooms as a means of spore dispersal, and are important for species identification. The attachment of the gills to the stem is classified based on the shape of the gills when viewed from the side, while color, crowding and the shape of individual gills can also be important features. Additionally, gills can have distinctive microscopic or macroscopic features. For instance, ''Lactarius'' species typically seep latex from their gills. It was originally believed that all gilled fungi were Agaricales, but as fungi were studied in more detail, some gilled species were demonstrated not to be. It is now clear that this is a case of convergent evolution (i.e. gill-like structures evolved separately) rather than being an anatomic feature that evolved only once. The apparent reason that various basidiomycetes have evolv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota () is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi. Members are known as basidiomycetes. More specifically, Basidiomycota includes these groups: agarics, puffballs, stinkhorns, bracket fungi, other polypores, jelly fungi, boletes, chanterelles, earth stars, smuts, bunts, rusts, mirror yeasts, and '' Cryptococcus'', the human pathogenic yeast. Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual reproducers. Basidiomycota that reproduce asexually (discussed below) can typically be recognized as members of this division by gross similarity to others, by ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
