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Mòjiāng Virus
Mòjiāng virus (MojV), scientific name ''Parahenipavirus mojiangense'', is a virus in the family ''Paramyxoviridae.'' Antibodies raised against Mòjiāng virus glycoproteins are serologically distinct from other henipaviruses (among which higher cross-reactivity is observed). Discovery In the spring of 2012, three miners working in an abandoned copper mine in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County, south China, developed fatal pneumonia. Samples were brought to the Wuhan Institute of Virology where Shi Zhengli and her colleagues ran PCR tests and found that the samples were not the bat coronavirus Rp3 nor SARS-CoV2. Mammal species present in the cave, including ''Rhinolophus ferrumequinum, Rattus flavipectus,'' and '' Crocidura dracula,'' were tested for infectious virus and viral RNA. There were 38 sequence reads obtained that were closely related to members of the ''Henipavirus'' genus. Infectious virus could only be recovered from four samples of '' R. flavipectus'' and were cul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paramyxoviridae
''Paramyxoviridae'' (from Ancient Greek, Greek ''para-'' “by the side of” and ''myxa'' “mucus”) is a family of negative-strand RNA viruses in the order ''Mononegavirales''. Vertebrates serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this family include measles, mumps, and respiratory tract infections. The family has nine subfamilies that contain 23 genera. Structure Virions are enveloped and can be spherical or pleomorphic and capable of producing filamentous virions. The diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 15kb in length. Fusion proteins and attachment proteins appear as spikes on the virion surface. Matrix proteins inside the envelope stabilise virus structure. The nucleocapsid core is composed of the genomic RNA, nucleocapsid proteins, phosphoproteins and polymerase proteins. Genome The genome is non-segmented, negative-sense RNA, 15–19 kilobases in length, and contains six to 10 genes. Extracistronic (noncoding) regions include: * A 3’ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hendra Virus
Hendra virus (''Henipavirus hendraense'') is a zoonotic virus found solely in Australia. First isolated in 1994, the virus has since been connected to numerous outbreaks of disease in domestic horses and seven human cases. Hendra virus belongs to the genus '' Henipavirus'', which also contains the zoonotic Nipah virus. The reservoir species of Hendra virus are four species of bat within the genus ''Pteropus'' native to Australia. Pathology The Pteropus fruit-eating bats, commonly known as flying foxes, experimentally infected with the Hendra virus develop a viraemia and shed the virus in their urine, faeces and saliva for approximately one week. There is no other indication of an illness in them. Symptoms of Hendra virus infection of humans may be respiratory, including hemorrhage and edema of the lungs, or in some cases viral meningitis. In horses, infection usually causes one or more of pulmonary oedema, congestion and neurological signs. Ephrin B2 has been identified as the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RaTG13
Bat coronavirus RaTG13 is a SARS-like betacoronavirus identified in the droppings of the horseshoe bat '' Rhinolophus affinis''. It was discovered in 2013 in bat droppings from a mining cave near the town of Tongguan in Mojiang county in Yunnan, China. In February 2020, it was identified as the closest known relative of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, sharing 96.1% nucleotide identity. However, in 2022, scientists found three closer matches in bats found 530 km south, in Feuang, Laos, designated as BANAL-52 (96.8% identity), BANAL-103 and BANAL-236. History In the spring of 2012, three miners cleaning bat feces in an abandoned copper mine near the town of Tongguan in Mojiang Hani Autonomous County developed fatal pneumonia. Out of concerns that the miner's cases could represent a novel disease, serum samples collected from the miners were sent to the Wuhan Institute of Virology and tested by Shi Zhengli and her group for Ebola virus, Nipah virus, and bat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morbillivirus
''Morbillivirus'' is a genus of viruses in the order '' Mononegavirales'', in the family ''Paramyxoviridae''. Humans, dogs, cats, cattle, seals, and cetaceans serve as natural hosts. This genus contains 10 species, one of which is extinct. Diseases in humans associated with viruses classified in this genus include measles; in animals, they include acute febrile respiratory tract infection and Canine distemper. In 2013, a wave of increased death among the Common bottlenose dolphin population was attributed to morbillivirus. Taxonomy The genus contains the following species, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species: * ''Morbillivirus canis'', Canine distemper virus * ''Morbillivirus caprinae'', Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus * ''Morbillivirus ceti'', Cetacean morbillivirus * ''Morbillivirus felis'', Feline morbillivirus * ''Morbillivirus hominis'', Measles virus * ''Morbillivirus myotis'', Myotis bat morbillivirus * †''Morbillivirus p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CD150
Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''SLAMF1'' gene. Recently SLAMF1 has also been designated CD150 (cluster of differentiation 150). SLAMF1 belongs to the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family. As other Receptor (biochemistry), receptors from this family, SLAMF1 is expressed in different types of Blood cell, hematopoietic cells and it plays a role in the regulation of the immune system. Gene The gene encoding SLAMF1 Receptor (biochemistry), receptor is located on the human chromosome 1. It consists of eight Exon, exons and seven Intron, introns. Alternative splicing of SLAMF1 transcripts results in several Protein isoform, isoforms of the protein, including the conventional transmembrane isoform (mCD150), secreted isoform (sCD150) cytoplasmic isoform (cCD150), and the novel transmembrane isoform (nCD150). SLAMF1 is expressed in Hematopoietic stem cell, hematopoietic stem cells. It is also used as one of the mark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sialic Acid
Sialic acids are a class of alpha-keto acid sugars with a nine-carbon backbone. The term "sialic acid" () was first introduced by Swedish biochemist Gunnar Blix in 1952. The most common member of this group is ''N''-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac or NANA) found in animals and some prokaryotes. Sialic acids are found widely distributed in animal tissues and related forms are found to a lesser extent in other organisms like in some micro-algae, bacteria and archaea. Sialic acids are commonly part of glycoproteins, glycolipids or gangliosides, where they decorate the end of sugar chains at the surface of cells or soluble proteins. However, sialic acids have been also observed in ''Drosophila'' embryos and other insects. Generally, plants seem not to contain or display sialic acids. In humans, the brain has the highest sialic acid content, where these acids play an important role in neural transmission and ganglioside structure in synaptogenesis. More than 50 kinds of sial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Attachment Glycoprotein
Attachment may refer to: Art and entertainment * ''Attachment'' (painting), an 1829 work by Edwin Landseer * ''Attachment'' (film), a 2023 Danish horror film by Gabriel Bier Gislason * ''Attachments'' (novel), a 2011 novel by Rainbow Rowell * ''Attachments'' (TV series), a BBC comedy-drama that ran from 2000 to 2002 Law * Attachment (law), a means of collecting a legal judgment by levying on a specific property in the possession of the opposing party. * Attachment of earnings, collecting money owed by a debtor directly from the debtor's employer * Rule B Attachment, provided under the US Federal Rules of Civil Procedure for freezing a defendant's property in pursuit of a maritime claim Technology * Ball attachment (dentistry), a dental implant component * Excavator attachment added onto construction equipment to alter its function * Pilot (train attachment), a cowcatcher * Rental attachments, components attached to rental machinery Computing * AT (Advanced Technology) At ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ephrin B3
Ephrin-B3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EFNB3 gene. EFNB3, a member of the ephrin gene family, is important in brain development as well as in its maintenance. The EPH and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases. EPH receptors typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cysteine-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin ligands and receptors have been named by the Eph Nomenclature Committee (1997) based on their structures and sequence relationships. Ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. Ephrin-B ligands also contain an intracellular tail with highly conserved tyrosine residues and a PDZ-binding motif at the C-terminus. This tail functions as a mechanism for reverse signaling, where signaling occurs into the li ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ephrin B2
Ephrin-B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EFNB2'' gene In biology, the word gene has two meanings. The Mendelian gene is a basic unit of heredity. The molecular gene is a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that is transcribed to produce a functional RNA. There are two types of molecular genes: protei .... Function This gene encodes a member of the ephrin (EPH) family. The ephrins and EPH-related receptors comprise the largest subfamily of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases and have been implicated in mediating developmental events, especially in the nervous system and in erythropoiesis. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. This gene encodes an EFNB class ephrin which binds to the EPHB4 and EPHA3 receptors. Cancer EFNB2 gene has been observed pro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pteropus
''Pteropus'' (suborder Yinpterochiroptera) is a genus of megabats which are among the largest bats in the world. They are commonly known as fruit bats or flying foxes, among other colloquial names. They live in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia, East Africa, and some oceanic islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. There are at least 60 extant species in the genus. Flying foxes eat fruit and other plant matter, and occasionally consume insects as well. They locate resources with their keen sense of smell. Most, but not all, are nocturnal. They navigate with keen eyesight, as they cannot echolocate. They have long life spans and low reproductive outputs, with females of most species producing only one offspring per year. Their slow life history makes their populations vulnerable to threats such as overhunting, culling, and natural disasters. Six flying fox species have been made extinct in modern times by overhunting. Flying foxes are often persecuted for their real or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chiropteran
Bats are flying mammals of the Order (biology), order Chiroptera (). With their forelimbs adapted as Bat wing development, wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained Bat flight, flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most birds, flying with their very long spread-out digits covered with a thin membrane or patagium. The smallest bat, and arguably the Smallest organisms, smallest extant mammal, is Kitti's hog-nosed bat, which is in length, across the wings and in mass. The largest bats are the flying foxes, with the giant golden-crowned flying fox (''Acerodon jubatus'') reaching a weight of and having a wingspan of . The second largest order of mammals after rodents, bats comprise about 20% of all classified mammal species worldwide, with over 1,400 species. These were traditionally divided into two suborders: the largely fruit-eating megabats, and the Animal echolocation, echolocating microbats. But more recent evidence has supported dividing the or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Madagascar Henipavirus
Madagascar henipavirus (MadV) is a poorly characterized henipavirus type. Currently it has only been detected serologically among Madagascan rousettes. High cross reactivity was observed with Hendra and Nipah NIPA, Nipa or nipah may refer to: * Shamim Ara Nipa, Bangladeshi dancer and choreographer * Nipah~, an onomatopoeia frequently used by Furude Rika, a character in the Japanese visual novel Higurashi When They Cry * Nipa hut, a type of stilt house ... henipaviruses. References Henipavirus {{Virus-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
